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Zhang S, Wang J, Chen K, Pu X, Zhu H, Zhao Y, Zhao A, Chen X, Fang Y, Chen Z, Cao Y. Aromatic Ketones as Mild Presodiating Reagents toward Cathodes for High-Performance Sodium-Ion Batteries. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202317439. [PMID: 38251812 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202317439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Chemical presodiation (CP) is an effective strategy to enhance energy density of sodium ion batteries. However, the sodiation reagents reported so far are basically polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) wth low reductive potential (~0.1 V vs. Na+ /Na), which could easily cause over-sodiation and structural deterioration of the presodiated cathodes. In this work, Aromatic ketones (AKs) are rationally designed as mild presodiating reagents by introducing a carbonyl group (C=O) into PAHs to balance the conjugated and inductive effect. As the representatives, two compounds 9-Fluorenoneb (9-FN) and Benzophenone (BP) manifest favorable equilibrium potential of 1.55 V and 1.07 V (vs. Na+ /Na), respectively. Note that 9-FN demonstrates versatile presodiating capability toward multiple Na uptake hosts (tunneled Na0.44 MnO2 , layered Na0.67 Ni0.33 Mn0.67 O2 , polyanionic Na4 Fe2.91 (PO4 )2 P2 O7 , Na3 V2 (PO4 )3 and Na3 V2 (PO4 )2 F3 ), enabling greatly improved initial charging capacity of the cathode to balance the irrevisible capacity of the anode. Our results indicate that the Aromatic ketones are competitive presodiating cathodic reagents for high-performance sodium-ion batteries, and will inspire more studies and application attempts in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihao Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Power Sources, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Jing Wang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Power Sources, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Kean Chen
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Power Sources, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Xiangjun Pu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Power Sources, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Huiying Zhu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Power Sources, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Yanan Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Power Sources, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Along Zhao
- Shenzhen Janaenergy techonulogy Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Xiaoyang Chen
- Shenzhen Janaenergy techonulogy Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Yongjin Fang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Power Sources, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Zhongxue Chen
- Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Machinery Transients, Ministry of Education, School of Power and Mechanical Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Yuliang Cao
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Power Sources, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
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Chauhan R. Scanning prevalent technologies to promote scalable devising of DSSCs: An emphasis on dye component precisely with a shift to ambient algal dyes. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2022; 139:109368. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2022.109368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Pallavi L, Tonannavar J, Tonannavar J. Molecular dynamics simulation, DFT calculations and vibrational spectroscopic study of N H•••O bound dimer models for DL-β-phenylalanine and 3-amino-3-(4-chlorophenyl)propionic acid. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.118746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Abstract
Photochemical reactions are increasingly being used for chemical and materials synthesis, for example, in photoredox catalysis, and generally involve photoexcitation of molecular chromophores dissolved in a liquid solvent. The choice of solvent influences the outcomes of the photochemistry because solute-solvent interactions modify the energies of and crossings between electronic states of the chromophores, and they affect the evolving structures of the photoexcited molecules. Ultrafast laser spectroscopy methods with femtosecond to picosecond time resolution can resolve the dynamics of these photoexcited molecules as they undergo structural and electronic changes, relax back to the ground state, dissipate their excess internal energy to the surrounding solvent, or undergo photochemical reactions. In this Account, we illustrate how experimental studies using ultrafast lasers can reveal the influences that different solvents or cosolutes exert on the photoinduced nonadiabatic dynamics of internal conversion and intersystem crossing in nonradiative relaxation pathways. Although the environment surrounding a solute molecule is rapidly changing, with fluctuations in the coordination to neighboring solvent molecules occurring on femtosecond or picosecond time scales, we show that it is possible to photoexcite selectively only those molecular chromophores transiently experiencing specific solute-solvent interactions such as intermolecular hydrogen bonding.The effects of different solvation environments on the photodynamics are illustrated using four selected examples of photochemical processes in which the solvent has a marked effect on the outcomes. We first consider two aromatic carbonyl compounds, benzophenone and acetophenone, which are known to undergo fast intersystem crossing to populate the first excited triplet state on time scales of a few picoseconds. We show that the nonadiabatic excited-state dynamics are modified by transient hydrogen bonding of the carbonyl group to a protic solvent or by coordination to a metal cation cosolute. We then examine how different solvents modify the competition between two alternative relaxation pathways in a photoexcited UVA-sunscreen molecule, diethylamino hydroxybenzoyl hexyl benzoate (DHHB). This relaxation back to the ground electronic state is an essential part of the effective operation of the sunscreen compound, but the dynamics are sensitive to the surrounding environment. Finally, we consider how solvents of different polarity affect the energies and lifetimes of excited states with locally excited or charge-transfer character in heterocyclic organic compounds used as excited-state electron donors for photoredox catalysis. With these and other examples, we seek to develop a molecular level understanding of how the choice of solution environment might be used to control the outcomes of photochemical reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Kumar Venkatraman
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew J. Orr-Ewing
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
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Dai Y, Wu Y, Lan H, Ning W, Chen F, Yan G, Cai K. Structural dynamics and vibrational feature of N-Acetyl-d-glucosamine in aqueous solution. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2021; 259:119918. [PMID: 33991814 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2021.119918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Molecular dynamics simulations and DFT calculations were performed for the demonstration of the structural dynamics and vibrational feature of N-Acetyl-d-glucosamine (NAG) in solution phase. The interactions between NAG and solvent molecules were evaluated through spatial distribution function and radial distribution function, and the preferred conformations of NAG in aqueous solution were revealed by cluster analysis. Results from normal mode analysis show that the solvent induced structural fluctuation of NAG could be reflected in the vibrational feature of specific chromophores, thus we can evaluate the molecular structure with the help of its vibrational signature based on the built correlation between molecular structure and vibrational frequencies of specific groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya'nan Dai
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, PR China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Xiamen 361005, PR China
| | - Yulan Wu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, PR China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Xiamen 361005, PR China
| | - Huaying Lan
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, PR China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Xiamen 361005, PR China
| | - Wenfeng Ning
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, PR China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Xiamen 361005, PR China
| | - Feng Chen
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Featured Biochemical and Chemical Materials, Ningde Normal University, Ningde 352100, PR China
| | - Guiyang Yan
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Featured Biochemical and Chemical Materials, Ningde Normal University, Ningde 352100, PR China
| | - Kaicong Cai
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, PR China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Xiamen 361005, PR China.
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Kurimoto A, Jansonius RP, Huang A, Marelli AM, Dvorak DJ, Hunt C, Berlinguette CP. Physical Separation of H
2
Activation from Hydrogenation Chemistry Reveals the Specific Role of Secondary Metal Catalysts. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202017082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aiko Kurimoto
- Department of Chemistry The University of British Columbia 2036 Main Mall Vancouver British Columbia V6T 1Z1 Canada
| | - Ryan P. Jansonius
- Department of Chemistry The University of British Columbia 2036 Main Mall Vancouver British Columbia V6T 1Z1 Canada
| | - Aoxue Huang
- Department of Chemistry The University of British Columbia 2036 Main Mall Vancouver British Columbia V6T 1Z1 Canada
| | - Antonio M. Marelli
- Department of Chemistry The University of British Columbia 2036 Main Mall Vancouver British Columbia V6T 1Z1 Canada
| | - David J. Dvorak
- Stewart Blusson Quantum Matter Institute The University of British Columbia 2355 East Mall Vancouver British Columbia V6T 1Z4 Canada
| | - Camden Hunt
- Department of Chemistry The University of British Columbia 2036 Main Mall Vancouver British Columbia V6T 1Z1 Canada
- Stewart Blusson Quantum Matter Institute The University of British Columbia 2355 East Mall Vancouver British Columbia V6T 1Z4 Canada
| | - Curtis P. Berlinguette
- Department of Chemistry The University of British Columbia 2036 Main Mall Vancouver British Columbia V6T 1Z1 Canada
- Stewart Blusson Quantum Matter Institute The University of British Columbia 2355 East Mall Vancouver British Columbia V6T 1Z4 Canada
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering The University of British Columbia 2360 East Mall Vancouver British Columbia V6Y 1Z3 Canada
- Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR) 661 University Avenue Toronto M5G 1M1 Ontario Canada
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Kurimoto A, Jansonius RP, Huang A, Marelli AM, Dvorak DJ, Hunt C, Berlinguette CP. Physical Separation of H 2 Activation from Hydrogenation Chemistry Reveals the Specific Role of Secondary Metal Catalysts. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:11937-11942. [PMID: 33851491 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202017082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
An electrocatalytic palladium membrane reactor (ePMR) uses electricity and water to drive hydrogenation without H2 gas. The device contains a palladium membrane to physically separate the formation of reactive hydrogen atoms from hydrogenation of the unsaturated organic substrate. This separation provides an opportunity to independently measure the hydrogenation reaction at a surface without any competing H2 activation or proton reduction chemistry. We took advantage of this feature to test how different metal catalysts coated on the palladium membrane affect the rates of hydrogenation of C=O and C=C bonds. Hydrogenation occurs at the secondary metal catalyst and not the underlying palladium membrane. These secondary catalysts also serve to accelerate the reaction and draw a higher flux of hydrogen through the membrane. These results reveal insights into hydrogenation chemistry that would be challenging using thermal or electrochemical hydrogenation experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiko Kurimoto
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Ryan P Jansonius
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Aoxue Huang
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Antonio M Marelli
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - David J Dvorak
- Stewart Blusson Quantum Matter Institute, The University of British Columbia, 2355 East Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Camden Hunt
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z1, Canada.,Stewart Blusson Quantum Matter Institute, The University of British Columbia, 2355 East Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Curtis P Berlinguette
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z1, Canada.,Stewart Blusson Quantum Matter Institute, The University of British Columbia, 2355 East Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z4, Canada.,Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The University of British Columbia, 2360 East Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6Y 1Z3, Canada.,Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR), 661 University Avenue, Toronto, M5G 1M1, Ontario, Canada
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Kao MH, Venkatraman RK, Sneha M, Wilton M, Orr-Ewing AJ. Influence of the Solvent Environment on the Ultrafast Relaxation Pathways of a Sunscreen Molecule Diethylamino Hydroxybenzoyl Hexyl Benzoate. J Phys Chem A 2021; 125:636-645. [PMID: 33416312 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.0c10313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The excited-state dynamics of photoexcited diethylamino hydroxybenzoyl hexyl benzoate (DHHB), a UVA absorber widely used in sunscreen formulations, are studied with transient electronic and vibrational absorption spectroscopy methods in four different solvents. In the polar solvents methanol, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), and acetonitrile, strong stimulated emission (SE) is observed at early time delays after photoexcitation at a near-UV wavelength of λex = 360 nm, and decays with time constants of 420 fs in methanol and 770 fs in DMSO. The majority (∼95%) of photoexcited DHHB returns to the ground state with time constants of 15 ps in methanol and 25 ps in DMSO. In the nonpolar solvent cyclohexane, ∼ 98% of DHHB photoexcited at λex = 345 nm relaxes to the ground state with a ∼ 10 ps time constant, and the SE is weak. DHHB preferentially adopts an enol form in its ground S0 state, but excited state absorption (ESA) bands seen in TEAS are assigned to both the S1-keto and S1-enol forms, indicating a role for ultrafast intramolecular excited state hydrogen transfer (ESHT). This ESHT is inhibited by polar solvents. The two S1 tautomers decay with similar time scales to the observed recovery of ground state population. For molecules that avoid ESHT, torsion around a central C-C bond minimizes the S1-enol energy, quenches the SE, and is proposed to lead to a conical intersection with the S0 state that mediates the ground state recovery. A competing trans-enol isomeric photoproduct is observed as a minor competitor to parent recovery in polar solvents. Evidence is presented for triplet (T1) enol production in polar solvents, and for T1 quenching by octocrylene, a common UVB absorber sunscreen additive. The T1 keto form is observed in cyclohexane solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Hsien Kao
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, U.K
| | | | - Mahima Sneha
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, U.K
| | - Matthew Wilton
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, U.K
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Abstract
Eumelanin is a natural pigment with photoprotective and radical scavenging characteristics, which are vital for a multitude of living organisms. However, the molecular mechanisms behind these functions remain obscure, in part because eumelanin is a heterogeneous polymer composed of a complex assortment of structural and chemical domains. Despite uncertainty about its precise structure, the functional units of eumelanin are thought to include quinones in various oxidation states. Here, we investigate the photochemistry of a catechol : o-quinone heterodimer as a model system for uncovering the photoprotective roots of eumelanin. Ultrafast transient absorption measurements in the UV to near-IR spectral regions are used to identify the photochemical processes that follow selective excitation of the o-quinone in the heterodimer using 395 nm light. We find that both singlet and triplet o-quinone excited states induce hydrogen atom transfer from the catechol, forming semiquinone radical pairs that persist beyond 2.5 ns, which is the upper time limit accessible by our instrument. Furthermore, the hydrogen atom transfer reaction was found to occur 1000 times faster via the singlet channel. Excited state pathways such as these may be important in eumelanin, where similar hydrogen-bonded interfaces are believed to exist between catechol and o-quinone functional groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Grieco
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA.
| | - Jennifer M Empey
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA.
| | - Forrest R Kohl
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA.
| | - Bern Kohler
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Kumar Venkatraman
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew J. Orr-Ewing
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
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Kayal S, Roy K, Umapathy S. Femtosecond coherent nuclear dynamics of excited tetraphenylethylene: Ultrafast transient absorption and ultrafast Raman loss spectroscopic studies. J Chem Phys 2018; 148:024301. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5008726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Surajit Kayal
- Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Department, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Khokan Roy
- Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Department, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Siva Umapathy
- Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Department, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
- Department of Instrumentation and Applied Physics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
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Roy K, Kayal S, Ariese F, Beeby A, Umapathy S. Mode specific excited state dynamics study of bis(phenylethynyl)benzene from ultrafast Raman loss spectroscopy. J Chem Phys 2017; 146:064303. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4975174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Khokan Roy
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Surajit Kayal
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Freek Ariese
- On leave from LaserLaB, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Andrew Beeby
- Department of Chemistry, University of Durham, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - Siva Umapathy
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
- On leave from LaserLaB, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Chemistry, University of Durham, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
- Department of Instrumentation and Applied Physics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
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Wang B, Jiang W, Gao Y, Zhang Z, Sun C, Liu F, Wang Z. Energetics competition in centrally four-coordinated water clusters and Raman spectroscopic signature for hydrogen bonding. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra28335g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Viaseparating the H-bonded neighbour molecules of centrally four-coordinated water molecules from other molecules in outer cages, the calculations discover these two regions interact competitively with the central molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Wang
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Atomic and Molecular Spectroscopy
| | - Wanrun Jiang
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Atomic and Molecular Spectroscopy
| | - Yang Gao
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Atomic and Molecular Spectroscopy
| | - Zhiyuan Zhang
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Atomic and Molecular Spectroscopy
| | - Changqing Sun
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore 639798
- Singapore
| | - Fang Liu
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Atomic and Molecular Spectroscopy
| | - Zhigang Wang
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Atomic and Molecular Spectroscopy
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Ravi Kumar V, Ariese F, Umapathy S. Triplet excited electronic state switching induced by hydrogen bonding: A transient absorption spectroscopy and time-dependent DFT study. J Chem Phys 2016; 144:114301. [PMID: 27004870 DOI: 10.1063/1.4943514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The solvent plays a decisive role in the photochemistry and photophysics of aromatic ketones. Xanthone (XT) is one such aromatic ketone and its triplet-triplet (T-T) absorption spectra show intriguing solvatochromic behavior. Also, the reactivity of XT towards H-atom abstraction shows an unprecedented decrease in protic solvents relative to aprotic solvents. Therefore, a comprehensive solvatochromic analysis of the triplet-triplet absorption spectra of XT was carried out in conjunction with time dependent density functional theory using the ad hoc explicit solvent model approach. A detailed solvatochromic analysis of the T-T absorption bands of XT suggests that the hydrogen bonding interactions are different in the corresponding triplet excited states. Furthermore, the contributions of non-specific and hydrogen bonding interactions towards differential solvation of the triplet states in protic solvents were found to be of equal magnitude. The frontier molecular orbital and electron density difference analysis of the T1 and T2 states of XT indicates that the charge redistribution in these states leads to intermolecular hydrogen bond strengthening and weakening, respectively, relative to the S0 state. This is further supported by the vertical excitation energy calculations of the XT-methanol supra-molecular complex. The intermolecular hydrogen bonding potential energy curves obtained for this complex in the S0, T1, and T2 states support the model. In summary, we propose that the different hydrogen bonding mechanisms exhibited by the two lowest triplet excited states of XT result in a decreasing role of the nπ(∗) triplet state, and are thus responsible for its reduced reactivity towards H-atom abstraction in protic solvents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkatraman Ravi Kumar
- Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Department, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Freek Ariese
- Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Department, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Siva Umapathy
- Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Department, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
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