Benefits of laparoscopy

Making the Difference in Exotic Animal Practice: The Value of Endoscopy

The definitive diagnosis has often been elusive in exotic pet medicine, and its absence has been, and continues to be, the source of much client anguish and practitioner frustration. To reach a definitive diagnosis, demonstration of a pathologic response and the etiologic agent are required. This article demonstrates why such an approach is necessary and how it can be readily achieved in practice using endoscopy.

Laparoscopic ultrasonography for uterovaginal canalization of a didelphic uterus with agenetic cervix

Mullerian duct anomaly is often characterized by any of a number of disorders of the outflow tract and uterus. A 17-year-old woman suffered from cyclic lower abdominal pain for 3 years. Pelvic examination showed a small uterus with blind-ended vaginal canal about 3 cm in length. Three-dimensional pelvic ultrasonography showed a compact uterine corpus with fundal notch regarded as bicornuate uterus, and no evidence of uterine cervix. The same features were also proved by magnetic resonance imaging. Intraoperative ultrasonography showed a small uterine cavity, and uterovaginal canalization was performed. The patient had regular menses without further low abdominal pain after 6 months of follow-up. Uterovaginal canalization with the aid of intraoperative ultrasonography may be effective in managing the difficult didelphic uterus with an agenetic cervix and hypoplastic vagina.