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Verkinderen O, Baeten D, Van Puyvelde P, Goderis B. The crystallization of
PA11
,
PA12
, and their random copolymers at increasing supercooling: From eutectic segregation to mesomorphic solid solutions. POLYMER CRYSTALLIZATION 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pcr2.10216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Dorien Baeten
- Polymer Chemistry and Materials, KU Leuven Leuven Belgium
| | | | - Bart Goderis
- Polymer Chemistry and Materials, KU Leuven Leuven Belgium
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Design of Metal-Organic Polymers MIL-53(M3+): Preparation and Characterization of MIL-53(Fe) and Graphene Oxide Composite. CRYSTALS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst11111281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This article presents a crystal chemical analysis, generalization, and systematization of structural characteristics of metal-organic polymers MIL-53(M3+) with M = Al, Cr, Ga, and Fe. The division of the MIL-53(M3+) structures into a morphotropic series was performed, which made it possible to predict the formation of new compounds or solid solutions with the corresponding composition and structure. The change in the symmetry of MIL-53(M3+) and the causes of polymorphs formation are explained on the basis of crystal chemical rules. The efficiency of the revealed regularities in the structural characteristics of the MIL-53(M3+) phases were experimentally confirmed for MIL-53(Fe) and composite MIL-53(Fe)/GO (GO-graphene oxide) by several methods (powder X-ray, X-ray absorption, and photoelectron spectroscopy). For the first time, different coordination numbers (CN) (CNFe = 4.9 for MIL-53(Fe)—two types of coordination polyhedra with CNFe = 6 and CNFe = 4; CNFe = 4 for MIL-53 (Fe3+)/GO) and the formal charges (FC) of iron ions (variable FC of Fe (2+δ)+ in MIL-53(Fe3+) and Fe2+ in MIL-53(Fe3+)/GO) were found. These experimental data explain the higher photocatalytic activity of MIL-53(Fe3+)/GO in photo-Fenton reactions—RR195 decomposition.
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Abstract
Huntite-family nominally-pure and activated/co-activated LnM3(BO3)4 (Ln = La–Lu, Y; M = Al, Fe, Cr, Ga, Sc) compounds and their-based solid solutions are promising materials for lasers, nonlinear optics, spintronics, and photonics, which are characterized by multifunctional properties depending on a composition and crystal structure. The purpose of the work is to establish stability regions for the rare-earth orthoborates in crystallochemical coordinates (sizes of Ln and M ions) based on their real compositions and space symmetry depending on thermodynamic, kinetic, and crystallochemical factors. The use of diffraction structural techniques to study single crystals with a detailed analysis of diffraction patterns, refinement of crystallographic site occupancies (real composition), and determination of structure–composition correlations is the most efficient and effective option to achieve the purpose. This approach is applied and shown primarily for the rare-earth scandium borates having interesting structural features compared with the other orthoborates. Visualization of structures allowed to establish features of formation of phases with different compositions, to classify and systematize huntite-family compounds using crystallochemical concepts (structure and superstructure, ordering and disordering, isostructural and isotype compounds) and phenomena (isomorphism, morphotropism, polymorphism, polytypism). Particular attention is paid to methods and conditions for crystal growth, affecting a crystal real composition and symmetry. A critical analysis of literature data made it possible to formulate unsolved problems in materials science of rare-earth orthoborates, mainly scandium borates, which are distinguished by an ability to form internal and substitutional (Ln and Sc atoms), unlimited and limited solid solutions depending on the geometric factor.
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Galenko PK, Nizovtseva IG, Reuther K, Rettenmayr M. Kinetic transition in the order-disorder transformation at a solid/liquid interface. PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS. SERIES A, MATHEMATICAL, PHYSICAL, AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES 2018; 376:rsta.2017.0207. [PMID: 29311206 PMCID: PMC5784098 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2017.0207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Phase-field analysis for the kinetic transition in an ordered crystal structure growing from an undercooled liquid is carried out. The results are interpreted on the basis of analytical and numerical solutions of equations describing the dynamics of the phase field, the long-range order parameter as well as the atomic diffusion within the crystal/liquid interface and in the bulk crystal. As an example, the growth of a binary A50B50 crystal is described, and critical undercoolings at characteristic changes of growth velocity and the long-range order parameter are defined. For rapidly growing crystals, analogies and qualitative differences are found in comparison with known non-equilibrium effects, particularly solute trapping and disorder trapping. The results and model predictions are compared qualitatively with results of the theory of kinetic phase transitions (Chernov 1968 Sov. Phys. JETP26, 1182-1190) and with experimental data obtained for rapid dendritic solidification of congruently melting alloy with order-disorder transition (Hartmann et al. 2009 Europhys. Lett.87, 40007 (doi:10.1209/0295-5075/87/40007)).This article is part of the theme issue 'From atomistic interfaces to dendritic patterns'.
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Affiliation(s)
- P K Galenko
- Otto-Schott-Institut für Materialforschung, Physikalisch-Astronomische Fakultät, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - I G Nizovtseva
- Otto-Schott-Institut für Materialforschung, Physikalisch-Astronomische Fakultät, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Department of Theoretical and Mathematical Physics, Laboratory of Multi-Scale Mathematical Modelling, Ural Federal University, Ekaterinburg 620000, Russian Federation
| | - K Reuther
- Otto-Schott-Institut für Materialforschung, Physikalisch-Astronomische Fakultät, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - M Rettenmayr
- Otto-Schott-Institut für Materialforschung, Physikalisch-Astronomische Fakultät, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
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Galenko PK, Abramova EV, Jou D, Danilov DA, Lebedev VG, Herlach DM. Solute trapping in rapid solidification of a binary dilute system: a phase-field study. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2011; 84:041143. [PMID: 22181123 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.84.041143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2011] [Revised: 09/21/2011] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The phase-field model of Echebarria, Folch, Karma, and Plapp [Phys. Rev. E 70, 061604 (2004)] is extended to the case of rapid solidification in which local nonequilibrium phenomena occur in the bulk phases and within the diffuse solid-liquid interface. Such an extension leads to the fully hyperbolic system of equations given by the atomic diffusion equation and the phase-field equation of motion. This model is applied to the problem of solute trapping, which is accompanied by the entrapment of solute atoms beyond chemical equilibrium by a rapidly moving interface. The model predicts the beginning of complete solute trapping and diffusionless solidification at a finite solidification velocity equal to the diffusion speed in bulk liquid.
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Affiliation(s)
- P K Galenko
- Institut für Materialphysik im Weltraum, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt, D-51170 Köln, Germany.
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Abstract
ABSTRACTLaser annealing experiments on silicon have shown that rapid solidification can trap large amounts of certain impurities in the crystal lattice. Concentrations that exceed the equilibrium solubility limits by several orders of magnitude have been obtained. In this paper we discuss the impurity trapping process using Monte Carlo simulation data from the kinetic Ising model. The dependence of the impurity concentration in the crystalon the solidification rate is calculated. The simulation data are compared with recent laser annealing results for bismuth and indium. Excellent agreement between the model and the bismuth experiments is obtained. The larger trapping rate on the (111) relative to the (100) orientation is found to be caused by the slower crystallization kinetics on the (111) face. Similar results are obtained for indium, although the difference in trapping on the (111) and (100) faces is somewhat smaller in the model than in the experiment.
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Galenko P. Solute trapping and diffusionless solidification in a binary system. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2007; 76:031606. [PMID: 17930255 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.76.031606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2007] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Numerous experimental data on the rapid solidification of binary systems exhibit the formation of metastable solid phases with initial (nominal) chemical composition. This fact is explained by complete solute trapping leading to diffusionless (chemically partitionless) solidification at a finite growth velocity of crystals. Special attention is paid to developing a model of rapid solidification which describes a transition from chemically partitioned to diffusionless growth of crystals. Analytical treatments lead to the condition for complete solute trapping which directly follows from the analysis of the solute diffusion around the solid-liquid interface and atomic attachment and detachment at the interface. The resulting equations for the flux balance at the interface take into account two kinetic parameters: diffusion speed VDI on the interface and diffusion speed VD in bulk phases. The model describes experimental data on nonequilibrium solute partitioning in solidification of Si-As alloys for the whole range of solidification velocity investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Galenko
- German Aerospace Center, Institute of Materials Physics in Space, Cologne 51170, Germany.
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Wheeler AA, Boettinger WJ, McFadden GB. Phase-field model of solute trapping during solidification. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL PHYSICS, PLASMAS, FLUIDS, AND RELATED INTERDISCIPLINARY TOPICS 1993; 47:1893-1909. [PMID: 9960211 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.47.1893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
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Theory for the trapping of disorder and solute in intermetallic phases by rapid solidification. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1989. [DOI: 10.1016/0001-6160(89)90210-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Saito Y, Müller‐Krumbhaar H. Antiferromagnetic spin‐1 Ising model. II. Interface structure and kinetic phase transition. J Chem Phys 1981. [DOI: 10.1063/1.440783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Saito Y. Spin‐1 antiferromagnetic Ising model. I. Bulk phase diagram for a binary alloy. J Chem Phys 1981. [DOI: 10.1063/1.440801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Abstract
Dynamic models of crystal surfaces have provided new insights into the crystal growth process. The effects of surface roughening, dislocations, and impurities have been assessed. Certain impurities have been found to cause a larger increase in the growth rate than screw dislocations.
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van der Eerden J, Bennema P, Cherepanova T. Survey of Monte Carlo simulations of crystal surfaces and crystal growth. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1978. [DOI: 10.1016/0146-3535(78)90002-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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