1
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Xu W, Zhang L, Zhang L, Jin Z, Wu L, Li S, Shu J. Laser-assisted hatching in lower grade cleavage stage embryos improves blastocyst formation: results from a retrospective study. J Ovarian Res 2021; 14:94. [PMID: 34261510 PMCID: PMC8281458 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-021-00844-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Laser-assisted hatching (LAH) has been widely applied to facilitate blastocyst hatching in IVF-ET treatment, however, the effect of LAH on subsequent development and clinical outcomes of the lower grade cleavage stage embryos (LGCE) remains unknown. Our study aimed at evaluating the effect of LAH on blastocyst formation and the clinical pregnancy outcomes of LGCE embryos after transfer. Methods A total of 608 cycles of IVF/ICSI treatment from November 2017 to September 2019 were included in our study as follows: 296 in the LAH group and 312 in the N-LAH group. The total blastocyst rate, usable blastocyst rate, good-grade blastocyst rate and clinical pregnancy rate were statistically compared between the two groups. Results The total blastocyst rate (50.7% vs 40.2%, P < 0.001), usable blastocyst rate (31.0% vs 18.6%, P < 0.001) were significantly higher in the LAH group than those in the N-LAH group. After analysis of generalized estimating equations, LAH was positively correlated with the blastocyst rate (B = 0.201, OR 95% CI = 1.074–1.393, P = 0.002), usable blastocyst rate (B = 0.478, OR 95% CI = 1.331–1.955, P < 0.001). However, the clinical pregnancy rate after blastocyst transfer did not differ between LAH group and N-LAH group (49.4% vs 40.0%, P > 0.05, respectively). Conclusions A higher proportion of total blastocysts and usable blastocysts can be obtained by LAH in LGCE, which may be beneficial to the outcome of the IVF/ICSI-ET cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihai Xu
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, 310000, Hangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, 310000, Hangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, 310000, Hangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Zhen Jin
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, 310000, Hangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Limei Wu
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, 310000, Hangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Shishi Li
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, 310000, Hangzhou, P.R. China.
| | - Jing Shu
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, 310000, Hangzhou, P.R. China.
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2
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Bebbere D, Ulbrich SE, Giller K, Zakhartchenko V, Reichenbach HD, Reichenbach M, Verma PJ, Wolf E, Ledda S, Hiendleder S. Mitochondrial DNA Depletion in Granulosa Cell Derived Nuclear Transfer Tissues. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:664099. [PMID: 34124044 PMCID: PMC8194821 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.664099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) is a key technology with broad applications that range from production of cloned farm animals to derivation of patient-matched stem cells or production of humanized animal organs for xenotransplantation. However, effects of aberrant epigenetic reprogramming on gene expression compromise cell and organ phenotype, resulting in low success rate of SCNT. Standard SCNT procedures include enucleation of recipient oocytes before the nuclear donor cell is introduced. Enucleation removes not only the spindle apparatus and chromosomes of the oocyte but also the perinuclear, mitochondria rich, ooplasm. Here, we use a Bos taurus SCNT model with in vitro fertilized (IVF) and in vivo conceived controls to demonstrate a ∼50% reduction in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in the liver and skeletal muscle, but not the brain, of SCNT fetuses at day 80 of gestation. In the muscle, we also observed significantly reduced transcript abundances of mtDNA-encoded subunits of the respiratory chain. Importantly, mtDNA content and mtDNA transcript abundances correlate with hepatomegaly and muscle hypertrophy of SCNT fetuses. Expression of selected nuclear-encoded genes pivotal for mtDNA replication was similar to controls, arguing against an indirect epigenetic nuclear reprogramming effect on mtDNA amount. We conclude that mtDNA depletion is a major signature of perturbations after SCNT. We further propose that mitochondrial perturbation in interaction with incomplete nuclear reprogramming drives abnormal epigenetic features and correlated phenotypes, a concept supported by previously reported effects of mtDNA depletion on the epigenome and the pleiotropic phenotypic effects of mtDNA depletion in humans. This provides a novel perspective on the reprogramming process and opens new avenues to improve SCNT protocols for healthy embryo and tissue development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Bebbere
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy.,Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, Gene Center and Department of Veterinary Science, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Susanne E Ulbrich
- ETH Zürich, Animal Physiology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Katrin Giller
- ETH Zürich, Animal Physiology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Valeri Zakhartchenko
- Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, Gene Center and Department of Veterinary Science, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Horst-Dieter Reichenbach
- Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, Gene Center and Department of Veterinary Science, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.,Bavarian State Research Center for Agriculture, Institute of Animal Breeding, Grub, Germany
| | - Myriam Reichenbach
- Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, Gene Center and Department of Veterinary Science, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.,Bayern-Genetik GmbH, Grub, Germany
| | - Paul J Verma
- Livestock Sciences, South Australian Research and Development Institute, Roseworthy, SA, Australia.,School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Roseworthy, SA, Australia
| | - Eckhard Wolf
- Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, Gene Center and Department of Veterinary Science, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Sergio Ledda
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Stefan Hiendleder
- Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, Gene Center and Department of Veterinary Science, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.,School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Roseworthy, SA, Australia.,Davies Research Centre, School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Roseworthy, SA, Australia.,Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
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3
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Tocci A. The unknown human trophectoderm: implication for biopsy at the blastocyst stage. J Assist Reprod Genet 2020; 37:2699-2711. [PMID: 32892265 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-020-01925-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Trophectoderm biopsy is increasingly performed for pre-implantation genetic testing of aneuploidies and considered a safe procedure on short-term clinical outcome, without strong assessment of long-term consequences. Poor biological information on human trophectoderm is available due to ethical restrictions. Therefore, most studies have been conducted in vitro (choriocarcinoma cell lines, embryonic and pluripotent stem cells) and on murine models that nevertheless poorly reflect the human counterpart. Polarization, compaction, and blastomere differentiation (e.g., the basis to ascertain trophectoderm origin) are poorly known in humans. In addition, the trophectoderm function is poorly known from a biological point of view, although a panoply of questionable and controversial microarray studies suggest that important genes overexpressed in trophectoderm are involved in pluripotency, metabolism, cell cycle, endocrine function, and implantation. The intercellular communication system between the trophectoderm cells and the inner cell mass, modulated by cell junctions and filopodia in the murine model, is obscure in humans. For the purpose of this paper, data mainly on primary cells from human and murine embryos has been reviewed. This review suggests that the trophectoderm origin and functions have been insufficiently ascertained in humans so far. Therefore, trophectoderm biopsy should be considered an experimental procedure to be undertaken only under approved rigorous experimental protocols in academic contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelo Tocci
- Reproductive Medicine Unit, Gruppo Donnamed, Via Giuseppe Silla 12, Rome, Italy.
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4
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Li A, Wang F, Li L, Fan LH, Meng TG, Li QN, Wang Y, Yue W, Wang HX, Shi YP, Li HX, Schatten H, Sun QY, Guo XP. Mechanistic insights into the reduced developmental capacity of in vitro matured oocytes and importance of cumulus cells in oocyte quality determination. J Cell Physiol 2020; 235:9743-9751. [PMID: 32415704 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Revised: 04/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In vitro maturation of oocytes is a promising assisted reproductive technology (ART) for infertility treatment, although it is still not a routine technique for human ART due to reduced embryonic development. The aim of the present study was to clarify the possible reasons for reduced capacity of in vitro matured oocytes. Our results showed that the oocytes matured in vitro displayed increased abnormal mitochondrial distribution, reduced mitochondrial membrane potential, and increased reactive oxygen species levels when compared to in vivo matured oocytes. These results were not different in oocytes matured in vitro with or without cumulus cells. Notably, in vitro matured oocytes displayed increased mitochondrial DNA numbers probably due to functional compensation. In vitro matured oocytes showed significantly lower activation and embryonic development rates, and their ability to produce Ca2+ oscillations was much lower in response to parthenogenetic activation, especially in oocytes matured in vitro without cumulus cells with nearly half of them failing to produce calcium waves upon strontium chloride stimulation. These data are important for understanding the reasons for reduced developmental potential of in vitro matured oocytes and the importance of cumulus cells for oocyte quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ang Li
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.,Shanxi Province Reproductive Science Institute, Taiyuan, China.,State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Li Li
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Li-Hua Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tie-Gang Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qian-Nan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Huai-Xiu Wang
- Shanxi Province Reproductive Science Institute, Taiyuan, China
| | - Ya-Ping Shi
- Shanxi Province Reproductive Science Institute, Taiyuan, China
| | - Hong-Xia Li
- Shanxi Province Reproductive Science Institute, Taiyuan, China
| | - Heide Schatten
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Qing-Yuan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xing-Ping Guo
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.,Shanxi Province Reproductive Science Institute, Taiyuan, China
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5
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Wang Q, Stringer JM, Liu J, Hutt KJ. Evaluation of mitochondria in oocytes following γ-irradiation. Sci Rep 2019; 9:19941. [PMID: 31882895 PMCID: PMC6934861 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-56423-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Standard cytotoxic cancer treatments, such as radiation, can damage and deplete the supply of oocytes stored within the ovary, which predisposes females to infertility and premature menopause later in life. The mechanisms by which radiation induces oocyte damage have not been completely elucidated. The objective of this study was to determine if γ-irradiation changes mitochondrial characteristics in oocytes, possibly contributing to a reduction in oocyte number and quality. Immature oocytes were collected from postnatal day (PN) 9–11 C57Bl6 mice 3, 6 and 24 hours after 0.1 Gy γ-irradiation to monitor acute mitochondrial changes. Oocytes were classified as small (>20 µm) or growing (40–60 µm). Mitochondrial membrane potential was lost in 20% and 44% of small oocytes (~20 µm) at 3 and 6 hours after γ-irradiation, respectively, consistent with the induction of apoptosis. However, mitochondrial mass, distribution and membrane potential in the surviving small oocytes were similar to the non-irradiated controls at both time points. At 24 hours after γ-irradiation, all mitochondrial parameters analysed within immature oocytes were similar to untreated controls. Mitochondrial parameters within growing oocytes were also similar to untreated controls. When mice were superovulated more than 3 weeks after γ-irradiation, there was a significant reduction in the number of mature oocytes harvested compared to controls (Control 18 ± 1 vs 0.1 Gy 4 ± 1, n = 6/16 mice, p < 0.05). There was a slight reduction in mitochondrial mass in mature oocytes after γ-irradiation, though mitochondrial localization, mtDNA copy number and ATP levels were similar between groups. In summary, this study shows that γ-irradiation of pre-pubertal mice is associated with loss of mitochondrial membrane potential in a significant proportion of small immature oocytes and a reduction in the number of mature oocytes harvested from adult mice. Furthermore, these results suggest that immature oocytes that survive γ-irradiation and develop through to ovulation contain mitochondria with normal characteristics. Whether the oocytes that survive radiation and eventually undergo meiosis can support fertility remains to be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaochu Wang
- Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jessica M Stringer
- Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jun Liu
- Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Karla J Hutt
- Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
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6
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Pasquariello R, Ermisch AF, Silva E, McCormick S, Logsdon D, Barfield JP, Schoolcraft WB, Krisher RL. Alterations in oocyte mitochondrial number and function are related to spindle defects and occur with maternal aging in mice and humans†. Biol Reprod 2018; 100:971-981. [DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioy248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Revised: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rolando Pasquariello
- Colorado Center for Reproductive Medicine, Lone Tree, Colorado, USA
- Colorado State University, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology Laboratory, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Alison F Ermisch
- Colorado Center for Reproductive Medicine, Lone Tree, Colorado, USA
| | - Elena Silva
- Colorado Center for Reproductive Medicine, Lone Tree, Colorado, USA
| | - Sue McCormick
- Colorado Center for Reproductive Medicine, Lone Tree, Colorado, USA
| | - Deirdre Logsdon
- Colorado Center for Reproductive Medicine, Lone Tree, Colorado, USA
| | - Jennifer P Barfield
- Colorado State University, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology Laboratory, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
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7
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Totipotency segregates between the sister blastomeres of two-cell stage mouse embryos. Sci Rep 2017; 7:8299. [PMID: 28811525 PMCID: PMC5557898 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-08266-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Following fertilization in mammals, it is generally accepted that totipotent cells are exclusive to the zygote and to each of the two blastomeres originating from the first mitotic division. This model of totipotency was inferred from a minority of cases in which blastomeres produced monozygotic twins in mice. Was this due to experimental limitation or biological constraint? Here we removed experimental obstacles and achieved reliable quantification of the prevalence of dual totipotency among mouse two-cell stage blastomeres. We separated the blastomeres of 1,252 two-cell embryos, preserving 1,210 of the pairs. Two classes of monozygotic twins became apparent at the blastocyst stage: 27% formed a functional epiblast in both members (concordant), and 73% did so in only one member of the pair (discordant) - a partition that proved insensitive to oocyte quality, sperm-entry point, culture environment and pattern of cleavage. In intact two-cell embryos, the ability of sister blastomeres to generate epiblast was also skewed. Class discovery clustering of the individual blastomeres' and blastocysts' transcriptomes points to an innate origin of concordance and discordance rather than developmental acquisition. Our data place constraints on the commonly accepted idea that totipotency is allocated equally between the two-cell stage blastomeres in mice.
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8
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Sutton-McDowall ML, Wu LLY, Purdey M, Abell AD, Goldys EM, MacMillan KL, Thompson JG, Robker RL. Nonesterified Fatty Acid-Induced Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Cattle Cumulus Oocyte Complexes Alters Cell Metabolism and Developmental Competence. Biol Reprod 2015; 94:23. [PMID: 26658709 DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.115.131862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Reduced oocyte quality has been associated with poor fertility of high-performance dairy cows during peak lactation, due to negative energy balance. We examined the role of nonesterified fatty acids (NEFAs), known to accumulate within follicular fluid during under- and overnutrition scenarios, in causing endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress of in vitro maturated cattle cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs). NEFA concentrations were: palmitic acid (150 μM), oleic acid (200 μM), and steric acid (75 μM). Abattoir-derived COCs were randomly matured for 24 h in the presence of NEFAs and/or an ER stress inhibitor, salubrinal. Total and hatched blastocyst yields were negatively impacted by NEFA treatment compared with controls, but this was reversed by salubrinal. ER stress markers, activating transcription factor 4 (Atf4) and heat shock protein 5 (Hspa5), but not Atf6, were significantly up-regulated by NEFA treatment within whole COCs but reversed by coincubation with salubrinal. Likewise, glucose uptake and lactate production, measured in spent medium samples, showed a similar pattern, suggesting that cumulus cell metabolism is sensitive to NEFAs via an ER stress-mediated process. In contrast, while mitochondrial DNA copy number was recovered in NEFA-treated oocytes, oocyte autofluorescence of the respiratory chain cofactor, FAD, was lower following NEFA treatment of COCs, and this was not reversed by salubrinal, suggesting the negative impact was via reduced mitochondrial function. These results reveal the significance of NEFA-induced ER stress on bovine COC developmental competence, revealing a potential therapeutic target for improving oocyte quality during peak lactation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie L Sutton-McDowall
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics Robinson Research Institute, School of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia Institute of Photonics and Advanced Sensing, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Linda L Y Wu
- Robinson Research Institute, School of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Malcolm Purdey
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics Institute of Photonics and Advanced Sensing, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Andrew D Abell
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics Institute of Photonics and Advanced Sensing, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Ewa M Goldys
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics MQ BioFocus Research Centre, Macquarie University, North Ryde, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Keith L MacMillan
- Department of Veterinary Science, The University of Melbourne, Werribee, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jeremy G Thompson
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics Robinson Research Institute, School of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia Institute of Photonics and Advanced Sensing, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Rebecca L Robker
- Robinson Research Institute, School of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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9
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Wu LL, Russell DL, Wong SL, Chen M, Tsai TS, St John JC, Norman RJ, Febbraio MA, Carroll J, Robker RL. Mitochondrial dysfunction in oocytes of obese mothers: transmission to offspring and reversal by pharmacological endoplasmic reticulum stress inhibitors. Development 2015; 142:681-91. [PMID: 25670793 DOI: 10.1242/dev.114850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 186] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Over-nutrition in females causes altered fetal growth during pregnancy and permanently programs the metabolism of offspring; however, the temporal and mechanistic origins of these changes, and whether they are reversible, are unknown. We now show that, in obese female mice, cumulus-oocyte complexes exhibit endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, high levels of intracellular lipid, spindle abnormalities and reduced PTX3 extracellular matrix protein production. Ovulated oocytes from obese mice contain normal levels of mitochondrial (mt) DNA but have reduced mitochondrial membrane potential and high levels of autophagy compared with oocytes from lean mice. After in vitro fertilization, the oocytes of obese female mice demonstrate reduced developmental potential and form blastocysts with reduced levels of mtDNA. Blastocysts transferred to normal weight surrogates that were then analyzed at E14.5 showed that oocytes from obese mice gave rise to fetuses that were heavier than controls and had reduced liver and kidney mtDNA content per cell, indicating that maternal obesity before conception had altered the transmission of mitochondria to offspring. Treatment of the obese females with the ER stress inhibitor salubrinal or the chaperone inducer BGP-15 before ovulation increased the amount of the mitochondrial replication factors TFAM and DRP1, and mtDNA content in oocytes. Salubrinal and BGP-15 also completely restored oocyte quality, embryo development and the mtDNA content of fetal tissue to levels equivalent to those derived from lean mice. These results demonstrate that obesity before conception imparts a legacy of mitochondrial loss in offspring that is caused by ER stress and is reversible during the final stages of oocyte development and maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda L Wu
- School of Paediatrics and Reproductive Health, Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
| | - Darryl L Russell
- School of Paediatrics and Reproductive Health, Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
| | - Siew L Wong
- School of Paediatrics and Reproductive Health, Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
| | - Miaoxin Chen
- School of Paediatrics and Reproductive Health, Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
| | - Te-Sha Tsai
- Centre for Genetic Diseases, MIMR-PHI Institute of Medical Research, and Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3168, Australia
| | - Justin C St John
- Centre for Genetic Diseases, MIMR-PHI Institute of Medical Research, and Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3168, Australia
| | - Robert J Norman
- School of Paediatrics and Reproductive Health, Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
| | - Mark A Febbraio
- Cellular and Molecular Metabolism Laboratory, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
| | - John Carroll
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Rebecca L Robker
- School of Paediatrics and Reproductive Health, Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
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10
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Murakoshi Y, Sueoka K, Takahashi K, Sato S, Sakurai T, Tajima H, Yoshimura Y. Embryo developmental capability and pregnancy outcome are related to the mitochondrial DNA copy number and ooplasmic volume. J Assist Reprod Genet 2013; 30:1367-75. [PMID: 23897005 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-013-0062-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2013] [Accepted: 07/16/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the correlation between the ooplasmic volume and the number of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copies in embryos and how they may affect fecundity. METHOD Using real-time PCR, mtDNA quantification was analyzed in unfertilized oocytes and uncleaved embryos. The size of the ovum was also assessed by calculating the ooplasmic volume at the time of granulosa cell removal for IVF or ICSI. Quantification analysis of the mtDNA in blastomeres was performed by real-time PCR at the 7-8 cell stage of the cleaved embryos at 72 h after oocyte retrieval. We calculated the cytoplasmic volume of the blastomeres. RESULT Our studies showed a significantly lower mtDNA copy number in unfertilized oocytes and uncleaved embryos in women who were older than 40 years of age (p < 0.05). The larger ooplasmic volume was also associated with earlier and more rapid cleavage (p < 0.05). The ooplasmic volume was also significantly larger in the group achieving pregnancy. We found a significant positive correlation between blastomere volume and the number of mtDNA copies (r = 0.76, p < 0.01, from Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient). CONCLUSIONS We have shown that blastomere volume is directly proportional to the number of mtDNA copies. Therefore, larger cytoplasmic volume, with earlier cleavage speed, implies more mtDNA copies. Evaluation of mtDNA quantification and the measurement of ooplasmic and blastomere volume may be useful for selection of high quality embryo and pregnancy outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukitaka Murakoshi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35, Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan,
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11
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Cannon MV, Takeda K, Pinkert CA. Mitochondrial biology in reproduction. Reprod Med Biol 2011; 10:251-258. [PMID: 29662358 DOI: 10.1007/s12522-011-0101-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2011] [Accepted: 06/22/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial biology plays an important role in the reproductive process, with influence on germ cell development and quality as well as embryonic development and reproductive success. This review outlines the role of mitochondrial genetics and function in reproductive biology, including a discussion of general mitochondrial function, genetics and germline transmission. Also highlighted are the mitochondrial morphologic changes that occur during oogenesis and the role these changes play in the mitochondrial bottleneck that influences the distribution of deleterious mitochondrial genomes to offspring. The review covers the influence of mitochondria in embryonic stem cell and induced pluripotent stem cell biology and development. Lastly, the role of mitochondrial biology in assisted reproductive techniques is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kumiko Takeda
- National Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, NARO Tsukuba Japan
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