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Lima DF, Gonçalves TS, Pestana IA, Di Beneditto APM, Franco RWDA. Elemental Concentrations in the Shells of the Mussel Perna perna: Discrimination of Origin. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024; 202:1279-1287. [PMID: 37344682 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03734-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
The potential use of elemental concentrations and element:calcium (Ca) ratios as indicators of provenance for bivalve mollusks on the Brazilian coast is evaluated herein for the first time. The approach was applied to shells of the mussel Perna perna (target of extractive fisheries) from geographically close areas but under distinct environmental and anthropogenic influences. Both concentrations of the elements normalized by Ca and the total concentrations can be applied to discriminate the mussels' origin. However, the canonical approach using the total concentrations indicated variations regarding the discriminatory power, and the concentrations of the elements normalized by Ca were more robust in differentiating the provenance of the shells. The origin of mussels was better discriminated by six elementary ratios: Al:Ca, Fe:Ca, K:Ca, Mg:Ca, Mn:Ca and Na:Ca. Thus, monitoring studies aiming to discriminate the origin of P. perna individuals along their distribution based on these elementary ratios of the shell are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dayvison Felismindo Lima
- Laboratório de Ciências Físicas, Universidade Estadual Do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Av. Alberto Lamego, 2000, Campos Dos Goytacazes, RJ, 28013-602, Brazil
| | - Thaluana Silva Gonçalves
- Laboratório de Ciências Físicas, Universidade Estadual Do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Av. Alberto Lamego, 2000, Campos Dos Goytacazes, RJ, 28013-602, Brazil
| | - Inácio Abreu Pestana
- Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, Universidade Estadual Do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Av. Alberto Lamego, 2000, Campos Dos Goytacazes, RJ, 28013-602, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Madeira Di Beneditto
- Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, Universidade Estadual Do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Av. Alberto Lamego, 2000, Campos Dos Goytacazes, RJ, 28013-602, Brazil
| | - Roberto Weider de Assis Franco
- Laboratório de Ciências Físicas, Universidade Estadual Do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Av. Alberto Lamego, 2000, Campos Dos Goytacazes, RJ, 28013-602, Brazil.
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Corrochano-Fraile A, Carboni S, Green DM, Taggart JB, Adams TP, Aleynik D, Bekaert M. Estimating blue mussel (Mytilus edulis) connectivity and settlement capacity in mid-latitude fjord regions. Commun Biol 2024; 7:166. [PMID: 38337015 PMCID: PMC10858254 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-05498-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The mussel industry faces challenges such as low and inconsistent levels of larvae settlement and poor-quality spat, leading to variable production. However, mussel farming remains a vital sustainable and environmentally responsible method for producing protein, fostering ecological responsibility in the aquaculture sector. We investigate the population connectivity and larval dispersion of blue mussels (Mytilus edulis) in Scottish waters, as a case study, using a multidisciplinary approach that combined genetic data and particle modelling. This research allows us to develop a thorough understanding of blue mussel population dynamics in mid-latitude fjord regions, to infer gene-flow patterns, and to estimate population divergence. Our findings reveal a primary south-to-north particle transport direction and the presence of five genetic clusters. We discover a significant and continuous genetic material exchange among populations within the study area, with our biophysical model's outcomes aligning with our genetic observations. Additionally, our model reveals a robust connection between the southwest coast and the rest of the west coast. This study will guide the preservation of mussel farming regions, ensuring sustainable populations that contribute to marine ecosystem health and resilience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Corrochano-Fraile
- Institute of Aquaculture, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK
| | - Stefano Carboni
- Institute of Aquaculture, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK
- Fondazione IMC, Torre Grande, Oristano, Italy
| | - Darren M Green
- Institute of Aquaculture, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK
| | - John B Taggart
- Institute of Aquaculture, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK
| | - Thomas P Adams
- Scottish Sea Farms Limited, Barcaldine Hatchery, Argyll, UK
| | | | - Michaël Bekaert
- Institute of Aquaculture, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK.
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3
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Nakata NN, Emlet RB. Having cake and eating too: The benefits of an intermediate larval form in a brittle star Amphiodia sp. opaque (Ophiuroidea). Ecol Evol 2023; 13:e10298. [PMID: 37470028 PMCID: PMC10352130 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.10298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Most marine invertebrate larvae either obligately feed or depend on maternally provided reserves during planktonic development. A small number of species have the capacity to do both, in a mode of development known as facultative planktotrophy. We describe facultative feeding in a larva from the Oregon coast, and identify it as being an undescribed species in the genus Amphiodia, which we refer to as Amphiodia sp. opaque. We quantified the effects of food on larval and juvenile quality by culturing larvae, collected as embryos, with and without microalgal food at 15°C. The resulting juveniles were monitored under conditions of starvation. A cohort of juveniles of larvae caught as plankton was subjected to the same starvation treatment for comparison with our laboratory-reared larvae. We observed benefits to offspring that received food: larvae provided with microalgae developed more quickly and metamorphosed at higher rates. Furthermore, juveniles resulting from fed larvae were larger and were able to avoid starvation for longer after metamorphosis. Our results varied across two experimental years, suggesting that provisions provided by parents vary between populations and years. Juveniles from planktonic larvae exhibited sizes not statistically different from larvae cultured in the absence of food, but died from starvation more quickly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole N. Nakata
- Oregon Institute of Marine Biology, University of OregonCharlestonOregonUSA
| | - Richard B. Emlet
- Oregon Institute of Marine Biology, University of OregonCharlestonOregonUSA
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Lu J, Chen Y, Wang Z, Zhao F, Zhong Y, Zeng C, Cao L. Larval Dispersal Modeling Reveals Low Connectivity among National Marine Protected Areas in the Yellow and East China Seas. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:biology12030396. [PMID: 36979088 PMCID: PMC10044727 DOI: 10.3390/biology12030396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
Marine protected areas (MPAs) are vital for protecting biodiversity, maintaining ecosystem integrity, and tackling future climate change. The effectiveness of MPA networks relies on connectivity, yet connectivity assessments are often skipped in the planning process. Here we employed a multi-species biophysical model to examine the connectivity patterns formed among the 21 national MPAs in the Yellow and East China Seas. We simulated the potential larval dispersal of 14 oviparous species of five classes. Larvae of non-migratory species with pelagic larval duration (PLD) were assumed to be passive floating particles with no explicit vertical migration. A total of 217,000 particles were released according to spawning period, living depth, and species distribution, and they were assumed to move with currents during the PLD. Most larvae were dispersed around the MPAs (0–60 m isobaths) and consistent with the currents. Larval export increased with PLD and current velocity, but if PLD was too long, few larvae survived due to high daily mortality during pelagic dispersal. The overall connectivity pattern exhibited a north-to-south dispersal trend corresponding to coastal currents. Our results indicated that the national MPAs in the Yellow and East China Seas did not form a well-connected network and nearly 30% of them were isolated. These MPAs formed three distinct groups, one in the Yellow Sea ecoregion and two in the East China Sea ecoregion. Four MPAs (all in coastal Zhejiang) emerged as key nodes for ensuring multi-generational connectivity. Under the pressure of future climate change, high self-recruitment and low connectivity present significant challenges for building well-connected MPA networks. We suggest adding new protected areas as stepping stones for bioecological corridors. Focused protection of the Yellow Sea ecoregion could have a good effect on the southern part of the population recruitment downstream. Conservation management should be adjusted according to the life cycles and distributions of vulnerable species, as well as seasonal changes in coastal currents. This study provides a scientific basis for improving ecological connectivity and conservation effectiveness of MPAs in the Yellow and East China Seas.
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Doropoulos C, Roff G. Coloring coral larvae allows tracking of local dispersal and settlement. PLoS Biol 2022; 20:e3001907. [PMID: 36472995 PMCID: PMC9725161 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3001907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Quantifying patterns of dispersal and settlement in marine benthic invertebrates is challenging, largely due the complexity of life history traits, small sizes of larvae (<1 mm), and potential for large-scale dispersal (>100 km) in the marine environment. Here, we develop a novel method that allows for immediate differentiation and visual tracking of large numbers of coral larvae (106 to 109) from dispersal to settlement. Neutral red and Nile blue stains were extremely effective in coloring larvae, with minimal impacts on survival and settlement following optimization of incubation times and stain concentrations. Field validation to wild-captured larvae from the Great Barrier Reef demonstrates the efficacy of staining across diverse taxa. The method provides a simple, rapid (<60 minutes), low-cost (approximately USD$1 per 105 larva) tool to color coral larvae that facilitates a wide range of de novo laboratory and field studies of larval behavior and ecology with potential applications for conservation planning and understanding patterns of connectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - George Roff
- CSIRO Oceans & Atmosphere, St Lucia, Australia
- * E-mail: (CD); (GR)
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Tamaki A. Applicability of the source–sink population concept to marine intertidal macro‐invertebrates with planktonic larval stages. Ecol Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/1440-1703.12362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Akio Tamaki
- Graduate School of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences Nagasaki University Nagasaki Japan
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Genetic Variations and Expansion of the Blue Swimmer Crab (Portunus pelagicus) in Southeast Asia. JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/jmse10081071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Blue swimmer crabs (Portunus pelagicus) primarily inhabit the coastal regions of Southeast Asia. This study aimed to examine their population genetic structure, phylogeography, and historical demography by applying partial sequences to the control region in the mitochondrial DNA. The analysis focused on 6 populations comprising 166 individual samples collected from Taiwan (Kezailiao Kaohsiung (KK) and Penghu (PH)), mainland China (Xiamen (XM) and Hong Kong (HK)), Vietnam (Hanoi (VN)), and Singapore (SGP). The estimated nucleotide diversity (π) for all of the samples was 0.062, with values ranging between 0.018 (PH) and 0.045 (HK). Our study collected 116 haplotypes and classified them into lineages A and B. The XM, HK, VN, and SGP populations made up lineage A, and the PH and KK populations comprised lineage B. For each lineage, the results highlighted indications of demographic expansion. Lineage A can be traced back to the second-to-last interglacial period, while lineage B possibly originated in the last glacial period. There were significant differences in the FST values among the six populations, except for the pairs HK–XM and PH–KK. In conclusion, the phylogeography and genetic structure of P. pelagicus in Southeast Asia were potentially affected by the Pleistocene glacial cycles and human introduction. These findings further highlight the possible dispersal routes of P. pelagicus throughout Southeast Asia.
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Demmer J, Robins P, Malham S, Lewis M, Owen A, Jones T, Neill S. The role of wind in controlling the connectivity of blue mussels (Mytilus edulis L.) populations. MOVEMENT ECOLOGY 2022; 10:3. [PMID: 35063034 PMCID: PMC8783501 DOI: 10.1186/s40462-022-00301-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Larval connectivity between distinct benthic populations is essential for their persistence. Although connectivity is difficult to measure in situ, it can be predicted via models that simulate biophysical interactions between larval behaviour and ocean currents. The blue mussel (Mytilus Edulis L.) is widespread throughout the northern hemisphere and extensively commercialised worldwide. In the Irish Sea, this industry represents ~ 50% of Welsh shellfisheries, where cultivation is mainly based on wild spat. However, the main sources and amount of spat varied interannually (1100 tonnes harvest in 2014 against zero in 2018). The aim of this study is to characterise the structure and dynamics of the blue mussel metapopulation within the northern part of the Irish Sea. METHODS We develop a Lagrangian particle tracking model, driven by a high-resolution (from 30 to 5000 m) validated unstructured coastal hydrodynamic model of the Irish Sea, to simulate spatial and temporal variability of larval dispersal and connectivity between distinct mussel populations and potential settlement areas. RESULTS Our results showed that: (1) larvae positioned near the surface were strongly influenced by wind-driven currents suggesting that connectivity networks had the potential to span hundreds of kilometres; (2) in contrast, larvae positioned deeper in the water column were driven by tidal currents, producing intricate spatial patterns of connectivity between mussel beds over tens of kilometres that were consistent over time. CONCLUSIONS Dispersal of mussel larvae in the tidally energetic Irish Sea during the April-May spawning season is potentially driven by wind-driven surface currents, as confirmed by fisherman observations of inter-annual variability in wild spat collection. These results have important implications for metapopulation dynamics within the context of climate change and sustainable shellfisheries management (i.e. gain and loss of populations and harvest areas according to wind conditions).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Demmer
- School of Ocean Sciences, Bangor University, Askew street, Menai Bridge, LL59 5AB UK
| | - Peter Robins
- School of Ocean Sciences, Bangor University, Askew street, Menai Bridge, LL59 5AB UK
| | - Shelagh Malham
- School of Ocean Sciences, Bangor University, Askew street, Menai Bridge, LL59 5AB UK
| | - Matthew Lewis
- School of Ocean Sciences, Bangor University, Askew street, Menai Bridge, LL59 5AB UK
| | - Aaron Owen
- School of Natural Sciences, Bangor University, Bangor, LL57 2DG UK
| | - Trevor Jones
- Extramussel Limited, Refail Llanffinan, Llangefni, Anglesey, LL77 7SN UK
| | - Simon Neill
- School of Ocean Sciences, Bangor University, Askew street, Menai Bridge, LL59 5AB UK
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9
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Andréfouët S, Le Gendre R, Thomas Y, Lo-Yat A, Reisser CMO. Understanding connectivity of pearl oyster populations within Tuamotu atoll semi-closed lagoons: Cumulative insight from genetics and biophysical modelling approaches. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2021; 167:112324. [PMID: 33839573 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Connectivity affects species demography, (meta)population dynamics, evolution, phylogeny and biogeography. Various methodological approaches are applied to measure connectivity. Biophysical modelling can explore systematically the influence of atmospheric, oceanic and ecological forcing, while genetics measures connectivity patterns within the sampling strategy limit. In the Pacific Ocean pearl farming lagoons, the activity relies on spat collecting of the black lipped pearl oyster Pinctada margaritifera occurring after the larval dispersal phase, which follows spawning from wild or farmed populations. Biophysical 3D modelling and genomic studies have both separately brought insights on within-lagoon connectivity and on the origin of spats. Here, we combined previous genetics results with new realistic biophysical modelling scenarios to elucidate connectivity in Ahe Atoll lagoon. When combined, we identified the weather sequence likely explaining the realized connectivity observations. We discuss the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of combining these two approaches considering specific pearl farming demographic connectivity questions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serge Andréfouët
- UMR-9220 ENTROPIE (Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Université de la Réunion, Ifremer, CNRS, Université de la Nouvelle-Calédonie), 101, promenade Roger-Laroque Anse Vata, BP A5, 98848 Noumea, New Caledonia.
| | - Romain Le Gendre
- IFREMER, UMR-9220 ENTROPIE, IRD, Université de la Réunion, CNRS, Université de la Nouvelle-Calédonie, Campus IRD, BP32078, Nouméa, New Caledonia
| | - Yoann Thomas
- Univ Brest, CNRS, IRD, Ifremer, LEMAR, F-29280 Plouzane, France
| | - Alain Lo-Yat
- UMR EIO, IFREMER Centre du Pacifique, Unité RMPF, BP49, Vairao, Tahiti, French Polynesia
| | - Céline M O Reisser
- UMR EIO, IFREMER Centre du Pacifique, Unité RMPF, BP49, Vairao, Tahiti, French Polynesia; MARBEC, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, IFREMER, IRD, Montpellier, France
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Doldan MS, Oehrens Kissner EM, Kroeck MA, Morsan EM. Population dynamics of the native oyster Ostreapuelchana d'Orbigny, 1842 in north-patagonian gulfs, Argentina: A multiscale spatial approach. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 166:105281. [PMID: 33618178 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2021.105281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Global losses of oyster populations urgently necessitate evaluating the status of underdocumented populations. The north-Patagonian Ostrea puelchana metapopulation changed in recent decades: certain beds grew and expanded; others became depleted by the Bonamia exitiosa epizootic. We surveyed eight oyster beds from the San Matías and San José gulfs; assessing the extension, demographic structure, and density-distribution pattern of each. We integrated biologic and environmental data on different spatial and temporal scales. Beds from the northestern and southern coasts continued expanding; while the northwestern beds- decimated by B. exitiosa in mid-1990-evidenced signs of recovery. We observed an envelope relationship between adult density and carriage incidence, suggesting a density-dependent compensation. Temporal data revealed decreased mean O. puelchana shell heights during recent decades. We discuss the success of extractive closures for long-term management and stress the effectiveness of a multiscale approach to determine the density-dependent processes structuring and driving marine-bivalve-population development.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Doldan
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina; Centro de Investigación Aplicada y Transferencia Tecnológica en Recursos Marinos "Almirante Storni" (CIMAS-CONICET), Güemes 1030, R8520CXV, San Antonio Oeste, Río Negro, Argentina; Escuela Superior de Ciencias Marinas (ESCiMar), Universidad Nacional del Comahue (UNCo), San Martín 224, San Antonio Oeste, Río Negro, Argentina.
| | - E M Oehrens Kissner
- Centro de Investigación Aplicada y Transferencia Tecnológica en Recursos Marinos "Almirante Storni" (CIMAS-CONICET), Güemes 1030, R8520CXV, San Antonio Oeste, Río Negro, Argentina; Escuela Superior de Ciencias Marinas (ESCiMar), Universidad Nacional del Comahue (UNCo), San Martín 224, San Antonio Oeste, Río Negro, Argentina
| | - M A Kroeck
- Centro de Investigación Aplicada y Transferencia Tecnológica en Recursos Marinos "Almirante Storni" (CIMAS-CONICET), Güemes 1030, R8520CXV, San Antonio Oeste, Río Negro, Argentina; Escuela Superior de Ciencias Marinas (ESCiMar), Universidad Nacional del Comahue (UNCo), San Martín 224, San Antonio Oeste, Río Negro, Argentina
| | - E M Morsan
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina; Centro de Investigación Aplicada y Transferencia Tecnológica en Recursos Marinos "Almirante Storni" (CIMAS-CONICET), Güemes 1030, R8520CXV, San Antonio Oeste, Río Negro, Argentina; Escuela Superior de Ciencias Marinas (ESCiMar), Universidad Nacional del Comahue (UNCo), San Martín 224, San Antonio Oeste, Río Negro, Argentina
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Melroy LM, Cohen CS. Temporal and spatial variation in population structure among brooding sea stars in the genus Leptasterias. Ecol Evol 2021; 11:3313-3331. [PMID: 33841786 PMCID: PMC8019026 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.7283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Temporal genetic studies of low-dispersing organisms are rare. Marine invertebrates lacking a planktonic larval stage are expected to have lower dispersal, low gene flow, and a higher potential for local adaptation than organisms with planktonic dispersal. Leptasterias is a genus of brooding sea stars containing several cryptic species complexes. Population genetic methods were used to resolve patterns of fine-scale population structure in central California Leptasterias species using three loci from nuclear and mitochondrial genomes. Historic samples (collected between 1897 and 1998) were compared to contemporary samples (collected between 2008 and 2014) to delineate changes in species distributions in space and time. Phylogenetic analysis of contemporary samples confirmed the presence of a bay-localized clade and revealed the presence of an additional bay-localized and previously undescribed clade of Leptasterias. Analysis of contemporary and historic samples indicates two clades are experiencing a constriction in their southern range limit and suggests a decrease in clade-specific abundance at sites at which they were once prevalent. Historic sampling revealed a dramatically different distribution of diversity along the California coastline compared to contemporary sampling and illustrates the importance of temporal genetic sampling in phylogeographic studies. These samples were collected prior to significant impacts of Sea Star Wasting Disease (SSWD) and represent an in-depth analysis of genetic structure over 117 years prior to the SSWD-associated mass die-off of Leptasterias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura M. Melroy
- Department of BiologyEstuary & Ocean Science CenterSan Francisco State UniversityTiburonCAUSA
| | - C. Sarah Cohen
- Department of BiologyEstuary & Ocean Science CenterSan Francisco State UniversityTiburonCAUSA
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Pineda-Metz SEA, Montiel A. Seasonal dynamics of meroplankton in a sub-Antarctic fjord (Southern Patagonia, Chile). Polar Biol 2021; 44:875-886. [PMID: 33814683 PMCID: PMC8008332 DOI: 10.1007/s00300-021-02823-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Knowledge of seasonal dynamics and composition of meroplankton (larvae of benthic invertebrates) is rather limited for sub-Antarctic regions. We studied the seasonal dynamics of meroplankton in a sub-Antarctic proglacial basin (Gallegos Sound, Chile), by examining changes in the meroplankton community in relation to hydrographic variables along four sampling cruises between early winter 2010 and late winter 2011. The local meroplankton community was composed of 39 larval morphotypes distributed among 11 major taxa, being polychaetes the best represented (15 larvae morphotypes), and bivalve the most abundant. We found distinct seasonal differences in terms of meroplanktonic composition and abundance, with higher abundance and larval morphotype number during austral spring and late winter, and lower in summer and early winter. The pattern observed for meroplankton was directly related to seasonal variations of fluorescence of chlorophyll a and temperature. We found meroplankton abundances lower than those of other sub- and Polar environments. However, meroplanktonic temporal dynamics showed a common pattern for sub- and Polar fjords, suggesting a strong link between benthic spawning and the occurrence of phytoplankton blooms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santiago E A Pineda-Metz
- Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung, D-27568 Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - Américo Montiel
- Laboratorio de Ecología Funcional, Instituto de la Patagonia, Universidad de Magallanes, 6200000 Punta Arenas, Chile
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Global biodiversity and biogeography of mangrove crabs: Temperature, the key driver of latitudinal gradients of species richness. J Therm Biol 2020; 92:102692. [PMID: 32888577 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2020.102692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Mangroves are ideal habitat for a variety of marine species especially brachyuran crabs as the dominant macrofauna. However, the global distribution, endemicity, and latitudinal gradients of species richness in mangrove crabs remains poorly understood. Here, we assessed whether species richness of mangrove crabs decreases towards the higher latitudes and tested the importance of environmental factors such as Sea Surface Temperature (SST) in creating the latitudinal gradients in species richness of mangrove crabs. A total of 8262 distribution records of 481 species belonging to six families of mangrove crabs including Camptandriidae, Dotillidae, Macrophthalmidae, Ocypodidae, Sesarmidae, and Oziidae were extracted from open-access databases or collected by the authors, quality controlled, cleaned, and analyzed. Species richness was plotted against 5° latitudinal bands in relation to environmental factors. The R software and ArcGIS 10.6.1 were used to analyze the species latitudinal range and richness as well as to map the distribution of mangrove forest, endemic species, species geographical distribution records, and biogeographic regions. The Indo-West Pacific showed the highest species richness of mangrove crabs where more than 65% of species were found in the Indian Ocean and along the western Pacific Ocean. Our results showed that there are 11 significantly different biogeographic regions of mangrove crabs. The highest endemicity rate was observed in the NW Pacific Ocean (29%). Latitudinal patterns of species richness in Macrophthalmidae, Ocypodidae, and Sesarmidae showed an increasing trend from the poles toward the intermediate latitudes including one dip near the equator. However, latitudinal gradients in Camptandriidae, Dotillidae, and Oziidae were unimodal increasing from the higher latitudes towards the equator. Species richness per 5° latitudinal bands significantly increased following mean SST mean (°C), calcite, euphotic depth (m), and mangrove area (km2) across all latitudes, and tide average within each hemisphere. Species richness significantly decreased with dissolved O2 (ml l-1) and nitrate (μmol l-1) over all latitudes and in the southern hemisphere. The climax of global latitudinal species richness for some mangrove was observed along latitudes 20° N and 15°-25° S, not at the equator. This can suggest that temperature is probably the key driver of latitudinal gradients of mangrove crabs' species richness. Species richness and mangrove area were also highly correlated.
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Álvarez-Noriega M, Burgess SC, Byers JE, Pringle JM, Wares JP, Marshall DJ. Global biogeography of marine dispersal potential. Nat Ecol Evol 2020; 4:1196-1203. [DOI: 10.1038/s41559-020-1238-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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15
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Lee YH, Jeong CB, Wang M, Hagiwara A, Lee JS. Transgenerational acclimation to changes in ocean acidification in marine invertebrates. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2020; 153:111006. [PMID: 32275552 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The rapid pace of increasing oceanic acidity poses a major threat to the fitness of the marine ecosystem, as well as the buffering capacity of the oceans. Disruption in chemical equilibrium in the ocean leads to decreased carbonate ion precipitation, resulting in calcium carbonate saturation. If these trends continue, calcifying invertebrates will experience difficultly maintaining their calcium carbonate exoskeleton and shells. Because malfunction of exoskeleton formation by calcifiers in response to ocean acidification (OA) will have non-canonical biological cascading results in the marine ecosystem, many studies have investigated the direct and indirect consequences of OA on ecosystem- and physiology-related traits of marine invertebrates. Considering that evolutionary adaptation to OA depends on the duration of OA effects, long-term exposure to OA stress over multi-generations may result in adaptive mechanisms that increase the potential fitness of marine invertebrates in response to OA. Transgenerational studies have the potential to elucidate the roles of acclimation, carryover effects, and evolutionary adaptation within and over generations in response to OA. In particular, understanding mechanisms of transgenerational responses (e.g., antioxidant responses, metabolic changes, epigenetic reprogramming) to changes in OA will enhance our understanding of marine invertebrate in response to rapid climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Hwan Lee
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Chang-Bum Jeong
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea; Department of Marine Science, College of Nature Science, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, South Korea
| | - Minghua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science/College of the Environment & Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 36110, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Coastal Ecology and Environmental Studies, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Atsushi Hagiwara
- Institute of Integrated Science and Technology, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan; Organization for Marine Science and Technology, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
| | - Jae-Seong Lee
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea.
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16
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Zhao L, Milano S, Tanaka K, Liang J, Deng Y, Yang F, Walliser EO, Schöne BR. Trace elemental alterations of bivalve shells following transgenerational exposure to ocean acidification: Implications for geographical traceability and environmental reconstruction. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 705:135501. [PMID: 31846816 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 11/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Trace elements of bivalve shells can potentially record the physical and chemical properties of the ambient seawater during shell formation, thereby providing valuable information on environmental conditions and provenance of the bivalves. In an acidifying ocean, whether and how seawater acidification affects the trace elemental composition of bivalve shells is largely unknown. Here, we investigated the transgenerational effects of OA projected for the end of the 21st century on the incorporation of trace elements into shells of the Manila clam, Ruditapes philippinarum. Neither seawater pH nor transgenerational exposure affected the Mg and Sr composition of the shells. Compared with clams grown under ambient conditions, specimens exposed to elevated CO2 levels incorporated significantly higher amounts of Cu, Zn, Ba and Pb into their shells, in line with the fact that at lower pH, these elements in seawater occur at higher fractions in free forms which are biologically available. Transgenerational effects manifested themselves significantly during the incorporation of Cu and Zn into the shells, most likely because Cu and Zn are biologically essential trace elements for metabolic processes. In addition, the plasticity of metabolism toward energetic efficiency following transgenerational exposure confers the clams enhanced ability to discriminate against Cu and Zn during the uptake from the ambient environment to the site of calcification. In the context of near-future OA scenarios, these findings may provide unique insights into the two primary applications of trace elements of bivalve shells as geographical tracers and proxies of environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqiang Zhao
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; Institute of Geosciences, University of Mainz, Mainz 55128, Germany; Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, Chiba 277-8564, Japan.
| | - Stefania Milano
- Institute of Geosciences, University of Mainz, Mainz 55128, Germany; Department of Human Evolution, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig 04103, Germany
| | - Kentaro Tanaka
- Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, Chiba 277-8564, Japan
| | - Jian Liang
- Department of Fisheries, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Yuewen Deng
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Feng Yang
- College of Life Science and Fisheries, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Eric O Walliser
- Institute of Geosciences, University of Mainz, Mainz 55128, Germany
| | - Bernd R Schöne
- Institute of Geosciences, University of Mainz, Mainz 55128, Germany
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17
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Comparative influence of genetics, ontogeny and the environment on elemental fingerprints in the shell of Perna canaliculus. Sci Rep 2019; 9:8533. [PMID: 31189887 PMCID: PMC6561970 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-44947-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The trace elemental composition of biogenic calcium carbonate (CaCO3) structures is thought to reflect environmental conditions at their time of formation. As CaCO3 structures such as shell are deposited incrementally, sequential analysis of these structures allows reconstructions of animal movements. However, variation driven by genetics or ontogeny may interact with the environment to influence CaCO3 composition. This study examined how genetics, ontogeny, and the environment influence shell composition of the bivalve Perna canaliculus. We cultured genetically distinct families at two sites in situ and in the laboratory. Analyses were performed on shell formed immediately prior to harvest on all animals as well as on shell formed early in life only on animals grown in the laboratory. Discriminant analysis using 8 elements (Co, Ti, Li, Sr, Mn, Ba, Mg, Pb, Ci, Ni) classified 80% of individuals grown in situ to their family and 92% to growth site. Generalised linear models showed genetics influenced all elements, and ontogeny affected seven of eight elements. This demonstrates that although genetics and ontogeny influence shell composition, environmental factors dominate. The location at which shell material formed can be identified if environmental differences exist. Where no environmental differences exist, genetically isolated populations can still be identified.
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18
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Sromek L, Forcioli D, Lasota R, Furla P, Wolowicz M. Next-generation phylogeography of the cockle Cerastoderma glaucum: Highly heterogeneous genetic differentiation in a lagoon species. Ecol Evol 2019; 9:4667-4682. [PMID: 31031934 PMCID: PMC6476780 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.5070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Revised: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Coastal lagoons form an intriguing example of fragmented marine habitats. Restricted gene flow among isolated populations of lagoon species may promote their genetic divergence and may thus provide a first step toward speciation. In the present study, the population genetic structure of the lagoon cockle Cerastoderma glaucum has been investigated to clarify the complex phylogeographic pattern found in previous studies, to localize major genetic breaks, and to discuss their origin and maintenance. LOCATION The Atlantic and Mediterranean coasts, including the Baltic, North Sea, and Black Sea. METHODS A total of 204 C. glaucum individuals from 14 populations were genotyped using restriction site-associated DNA sequencing (RADseq). The genetic diversity, divergence, and structure were analyzed using genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Phylogenetic relationships were inferred under a coalescent model using svdquartets. RESULTS The RADseq approach allowed inferring phylogeographic relationships with an unprecedented resolution. Three deeply divergent lineages were identified within C. glaucum that are separated by many genetic barriers: one lineage in the Aegean-Black Sea region, one in the Ionian Sea, and the last one widely distributed from the Western Mediterranean to the Baltic Sea. The nested branching pattern displayed on the species tree largely agrees with the likely scenario of C. glaucum postglacial expansion from the Mediterranean to the Baltic Sea. MAIN CONCLUSION The genetic differentiations between geographically separated lagoons proved to be strong, highlighting the evolutionary influence of these naturally fragmented habitats. The postglacial expansion created complex patterns of spatial segregation of genetic diversity with allele frequency gradients in many outlier loci, but also discrepancies between the nuclear and mitochondrial genetic markers that probably arose from genetic surfing of mitochondrial variation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludmila Sromek
- Department of Marine Ecosystems Functioning, Institute of Oceanography, Faculty of Oceanography and Geography University of Gdansk Gdynia Poland
- UPMC Université Paris 06, Université Antilles, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, CNRS, Laboratoire Evolution Paris Seine, Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (EPS-IBPS) Sorbonne Universités Paris France
| | - Didier Forcioli
- UPMC Université Paris 06, Université Antilles, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, CNRS, Laboratoire Evolution Paris Seine, Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (EPS-IBPS) Sorbonne Universités Paris France
| | - Rafal Lasota
- Department of Marine Ecosystems Functioning, Institute of Oceanography, Faculty of Oceanography and Geography University of Gdansk Gdynia Poland
| | - Paola Furla
- UPMC Université Paris 06, Université Antilles, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, CNRS, Laboratoire Evolution Paris Seine, Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (EPS-IBPS) Sorbonne Universités Paris France
| | - Maciej Wolowicz
- Department of Marine Ecosystems Functioning, Institute of Oceanography, Faculty of Oceanography and Geography University of Gdansk Gdynia Poland
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19
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Gleason LU, Strand EL, Hizon BJ, Dowd WW. Plasticity of thermal tolerance and its relationship with growth rate in juvenile mussels ( Mytilus californianus). Proc Biol Sci 2019; 285:rspb.2017.2617. [PMID: 29669896 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2017.2617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Complex life cycles characterized by uncertainty at transitions between larval/juvenile and adult environments could favour irreversible physiological plasticity at such transitions. To assess whether thermal tolerance of intertidal mussels (Mytilus californianus) adjusts to post-settlement environmental conditions, we collected juveniles from their thermally buffered microhabitat from high- and low-shore locations at cool (wave-exposed) and warm (wave-protected) sites. Juveniles were transplanted to unsheltered cages at the two low sites or placed in a common garden. Juveniles transplanted to the warm site for one month in summer had higher thermal tolerance, regardless of origin site. By contrast, common-garden juveniles from all sites had lower tolerance indistinguishable from exposed site transplants. After six months in the field plus a common garden period, there was a trend for higher thermal tolerance at the protected site, while reduced thermal tolerance at both sites indicated seasonal acclimatization. Thermal tolerance and growth rate were inversely related after one but not six months; protected-site transplants were more tolerant but grew more slowly. In contrast to juveniles, adults from low-shore exposed and protected sites retained differences in thermal tolerance after common garden treatment in summer. Both irreversible and reversible forms of plasticity must be considered in organismal responses to changing environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lani U Gleason
- Department of Biology, Loyola Marymount University, 1 LMU Drive, Los Angeles, CA 90045, USA .,Department of Biological Sciences, California State University, Sacramento, 6000 J Street, Sacramento, CA 95819, USA
| | - Emma L Strand
- Department of Biology, Loyola Marymount University, 1 LMU Drive, Los Angeles, CA 90045, USA
| | - Brian J Hizon
- Department of Biology, Loyola Marymount University, 1 LMU Drive, Los Angeles, CA 90045, USA
| | - W Wesley Dowd
- Department of Biology, Loyola Marymount University, 1 LMU Drive, Los Angeles, CA 90045, USA.,School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, PO Box 644236, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
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20
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A new species of Parasesarma (Decapoda: Brachyura: Sesarmidae) from northern Australian mangroves and its distinction from morphologically similar species. ZOOL ANZ 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2019.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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21
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Zuercher R, Galloway AWE. Coastal marine ecosystem connectivity: pelagic ocean to kelp forest subsidies. Ecosphere 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.2602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Zuercher
- University of California Santa Cruz Santa Cruz California 95060 USA
| | - Aaron W. E. Galloway
- Oregon Institute of Marine Biology University of Oregon Charleston Oregon 97420 USA
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22
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An Antarctic flock under the Thorson's rule: Diversity and larval development of Antarctic Velutinidae (Mollusca: Gastropoda). Mol Phylogenet Evol 2018; 132:1-13. [PMID: 30502396 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2018.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Revised: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In most marine gastropods, the duration of the larval phase is a key feature, strongly influencing species distribution and persistence. Antarctic lineages, in agreement with Thorson's rule, generally show a short pelagic developmental phase (or lack it completely), with very few exceptions. Among them is the ascidian-feeding gastropod family Velutinidae, a quite understudied group. Based on a multilocus (COI, 16S, 28S and ITS2) dataset for 182 specimens collected in Antarctica and other regions worldwide, we investigated the actual Antarctic velutinid diversity, inferred their larval development, tested species genetic connectivity and produced a first phylogenetic framework of the family. We identified 15 Antarctic Molecular Operational Taxonomic Units (MOTUs), some of which represented undescribed species, which show two different types of larval shell, indicating different duration of the Pelagic Larval Phase (PLD). Antarctic velutinids stand as an independent lineage, sister to the rest of the family, with extensive hidden diversity likely produced by rapid radiation. Our phylogenetic framework indicates that this Antarctic flock underwent repeated events of pelagic phase shortening, in agreement with Thorson's rule, yielding species with restricted geographic ranges.
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23
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Population genomic footprints of environmental pollution pressure in natural populations of the Mediterranean mussel. Mar Genomics 2018; 45:11-15. [PMID: 30447893 DOI: 10.1016/j.margen.2018.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2018] [Revised: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Bivalve molluscs of the genus Mytilus are considered a model organism in ecotoxicology and are known to be well adapted to marine ecosystems affected by multiple anthropogenic factors, including pollution. In order to assess whether pollution interferes with the reproductive success of Mytilus and affects the diversity within and between populations, we sequenced the transcriptomes of 72 individuals from 9 populations of Mytilus galloprovincialis collected along a ca. 130-km north-south transect on the Western coast of the Iberian Peninsula. We found that polluted areas are acting as a barrier to gene flow, potentially because of the detrimental effect of anthropogenic chemicals on larvae carried from more pristine environments. Furthermore, we observed an increase in genetic diversity in populations from polluted site, which could be indicative of higher mutagenicity driven by the environment. We propose that a microevolutionary perspective is essential for a full characterization of human activities on the dispersal of M. galloprovincialis and that it should be incorporated into management, and conservation plans and policies in the context of the effects of pollution on populations.
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24
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Johnson DW, Christie MR, Pusack TJ, Stallings CD, Hixon MA. Integrating larval connectivity with local demography reveals regional dynamics of a marine metapopulation. Ecology 2018; 99:1419-1429. [DOI: 10.1002/ecy.2343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Darren W. Johnson
- Department of Integrative Biology Oregon State University Corvallis Oregon 97331‐2914 USA
- Department of Biological Sciences California State University Long Beach California 90840 USA
| | - Mark R. Christie
- Department of Integrative Biology Oregon State University Corvallis Oregon 97331‐2914 USA
- Department of Biological Sciences & Department of Forestry and Natural Resources Purdue University West Lafayette Indiana 47907 USA
| | - Timothy J. Pusack
- Department of Integrative Biology Oregon State University Corvallis Oregon 97331‐2914 USA
- Williams‐Mystic Maritime Studies Program Williams College Mystic Connecticut 06355 USA
| | - Christopher D. Stallings
- Department of Integrative Biology Oregon State University Corvallis Oregon 97331‐2914 USA
- College of Marine Science University of South Florida St. Petersburg Florida 33701‐5016 USA
| | - Mark A. Hixon
- Department of Integrative Biology Oregon State University Corvallis Oregon 97331‐2914 USA
- Department of Biology University of Hawai'i Honolulu HI 96822‐2216 USA
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25
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Chen K, Marschall EA, Sovic MG, Fries AC, Gibbs HL, Ludsin SA. assign
POP
:
An
r
package for population assignment using genetic, non‐genetic, or integrated data in a machine‐learning framework. Methods Ecol Evol 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/2041-210x.12897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kuan‐Yu Chen
- Aquatic Ecology LaboratoryDepartment of Evolution, Ecology and Organismal BiologyThe Ohio State University Columbus OH USA
| | - Elizabeth A. Marschall
- Aquatic Ecology LaboratoryDepartment of Evolution, Ecology and Organismal BiologyThe Ohio State University Columbus OH USA
| | - Michael G. Sovic
- Department of Evolution, Ecology and Organismal Biology and Ohio Biodiversity Conservation PartnershipThe Ohio State University Columbus OH USA
- Comprehensive Cancer CenterThe Ohio State University Columbus OH USA
| | - Anthony C. Fries
- Department of Evolution, Ecology and Organismal Biology and Ohio Biodiversity Conservation PartnershipThe Ohio State University Columbus OH USA
- United States Air Force School of Aerospace MedicineWright‐Patterson AFB OH USA
| | - H. Lisle Gibbs
- Department of Evolution, Ecology and Organismal Biology and Ohio Biodiversity Conservation PartnershipThe Ohio State University Columbus OH USA
| | - Stuart A. Ludsin
- Aquatic Ecology LaboratoryDepartment of Evolution, Ecology and Organismal BiologyThe Ohio State University Columbus OH USA
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26
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Tethyan changes shaped aquatic diversification. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2017; 93:874-896. [DOI: 10.1111/brv.12376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Revised: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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27
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Cabral RB, Gaines SD, Lim MT, Atrigenio MP, Mamauag SS, Pedemonte GC, Aliño PM. Siting marine protected areas based on habitat quality and extent provides the greatest benefit to spatially structured metapopulations. Ecosphere 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.1533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Reniel B. Cabral
- Sustainable Fisheries GroupBren School of Environmental Science and Management and Marine Science InstituteUniversity of California Santa Barbara California 93106 USA
- National Institute of PhysicsUniversity of the Philippines, Diliman 1101 Quezon City Philippines
- Marine Science InstituteUniversity of the Philippines, Diliman 1101 Quezon City Philippines
| | - Steven D. Gaines
- Sustainable Fisheries GroupBren School of Environmental Science and Management and Marine Science InstituteUniversity of California Santa Barbara California 93106 USA
| | - May T. Lim
- National Institute of PhysicsUniversity of the Philippines, Diliman 1101 Quezon City Philippines
| | - Michael P. Atrigenio
- Marine Science InstituteUniversity of the Philippines, Diliman 1101 Quezon City Philippines
| | - Samuel S. Mamauag
- Marine Science InstituteUniversity of the Philippines, Diliman 1101 Quezon City Philippines
| | - Gerold C. Pedemonte
- National Institute of PhysicsUniversity of the Philippines, Diliman 1101 Quezon City Philippines
| | - Porfirio M. Aliño
- Marine Science InstituteUniversity of the Philippines, Diliman 1101 Quezon City Philippines
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28
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Teske PR, Sandoval-Castillo J, van Sebille E, Waters J, Beheregaray LB. Oceanography promotes self-recruitment in a planktonic larval disperser. Sci Rep 2016; 6:34205. [PMID: 27687507 PMCID: PMC5043232 DOI: 10.1038/srep34205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2016] [Accepted: 09/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The application of high-resolution genetic data has revealed that oceanographic connectivity in marine species with planktonic larvae can be surprisingly limited, even in the absence of major barriers to dispersal. Australia's southern coast represents a particularly interesting system for studying planktonic larval dispersal, as the hydrodynamic regime of the wide continental shelf has potential to facilitate onshore retention of larvae. We used a seascape genetics approach (the joint analysis of genetic data and oceanographic connectivity simulations) to assess population genetic structure and self-recruitment in a broadcast-spawning marine gastropod that exists as a single meta-population throughout its temperate Australian range. Levels of self-recruitment were surprisingly high, and oceanographic connectivity simulations indicated that this was a result of low-velocity nearshore currents promoting the retention of planktonic larvae in the vicinity of natal sites. Even though the model applied here is comparatively simple and assumes that the dispersal of planktonic larvae is passive, we find that oceanography alone is sufficient to explain the high levels of genetic structure and self-recruitment. Our study contributes to growing evidence that sophisticated larval behaviour is not a prerequisite for larval retention in the nearshore region in planktonic-developing species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter R. Teske
- Molecular Ecology Lab, School of Biological Sciences, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia 5001, Australia
- Molecular Zoology Lab, Department of Zoology, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park 2006, South Africa
| | - Jonathan Sandoval-Castillo
- Molecular Ecology Lab, School of Biological Sciences, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia 5001, Australia
| | - Erik van Sebille
- Grantham Institute & Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Climate System Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Jonathan Waters
- Department of Zoology, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Luciano B. Beheregaray
- Molecular Ecology Lab, School of Biological Sciences, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia 5001, Australia
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29
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Fratini S, Ragionieri L, Cannicci S. Demographic History and Reproductive Output Correlates with Intraspecific Genetic Variation in Seven Species of Indo-Pacific Mangrove Crabs. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0158582. [PMID: 27379532 PMCID: PMC4933389 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0158582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Accepted: 06/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The spatial distribution and the amount of intraspecific genetic variation of marine organisms are strongly influenced by many biotic and abiotic factors. Comparing biological and genetic data characterizing species living in the same habitat can help to elucidate the processes driving these variation patterns. Here, we present a comparative multispecies population genetic study on seven mangrove crabs co-occurring in the West Indian Ocean characterized by planktotrophic larvae with similar pelagic larval duration. Our main aim was to investigate whether a suite of biological, behavioural and ecological traits could affect genetic diversities of the study species in combination with historical demographic parameters. As possible current explanatory factors, we used the intertidal micro-habitat colonised by adult populations, various parameters of individual and population fecundity, and the timing of larval release. As the genetic marker, we used partial sequences of cytochrome oxidase subunit I gene. Genetic and ecological data were collected by the authors and/or gathered from primary literature. Permutational multiple regression models and ANOVA tests showed that species density and their reproductive output in combination with historical demographic parameters could explain the intraspecific genetic variation indexes across the seven species. In particular, species producing consistently less eggs per spawning event showed higher values of haplotype diversity. Moreover, Tajima's D parameters well explained the recorded values for haplotype diversity and average γst. We concluded that current intraspecific gene diversities in crabs inhabiting mangrove forests were affected by population fecundity as well as past demographic history. The results were also discussed in terms of management and conservation of fauna in the Western Indian Ocean mangroves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Fratini
- Department of Biology, University of Florence, Firenze, Italy
| | - Lapo Ragionieri
- Institute for Zoology, Functional Peptidomics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Stefano Cannicci
- Department of Biology, University of Florence, Firenze, Italy
- The Swire Institute of Marine Science and the School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
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30
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Baco AR, Etter RJ, Ribeiro PA, von der Heyden S, Beerli P, Kinlan BP. A synthesis of genetic connectivity in deep-sea fauna and implications for marine reserve design. Mol Ecol 2016; 25:3276-98. [PMID: 27146215 DOI: 10.1111/mec.13689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2015] [Revised: 04/12/2016] [Accepted: 05/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
With anthropogenic impacts rapidly advancing into deeper waters, there is growing interest in establishing deep-sea marine protected areas (MPAs) or reserves. Reserve design depends on estimates of connectivity and scales of dispersal for the taxa of interest. Deep-sea taxa are hypothesized to disperse greater distances than shallow-water taxa, which implies that reserves would need to be larger in size and networks could be more widely spaced; however, this paradigm has not been tested. We compiled population genetic studies of deep-sea fauna and estimated dispersal distances for 51 studies using a method based on isolation-by-distance slopes. Estimates of dispersal distance ranged from 0.24 km to 2028 km with a geometric mean of 33.2 km and differed in relation to taxonomic and life-history factors as well as several study parameters. Dispersal distances were generally greater for fishes than invertebrates with the Mollusca being the least dispersive sampled phylum. Species that are pelagic as adults were more dispersive than those with sessile or sedentary lifestyles. Benthic species from soft-substrate habitats were generally less dispersive than species from hard substrate, demersal or pelagic habitats. As expected, species with pelagic and/or feeding (planktotrophic) larvae were more dispersive than other larval types. Many of these comparisons were confounded by taxonomic or other life-history differences (e.g. fishes being more dispersive than invertebrates) making any simple interpretation difficult. Our results provide the first rough estimate of the range of dispersal distances in the deep sea and allow comparisons to shallow-water assemblages. Overall, dispersal distances were greater for deeper taxa, although the differences were not large (0.3-0.6 orders of magnitude between means), and imbalanced sampling of shallow and deep taxa complicates any simple interpretation. Our analyses suggest the scales of dispersal and connectivity for reserve design in the deep sea might be comparable to or slightly larger than those in shallow water. Deep-sea reserve design will need to consider the enormous variety of taxa, life histories, hydrodynamics, spatial configuration of habitats and patterns of species distributions. The many caveats of our analyses provide a strong impetus for substantial future efforts to assess connectivity of deep-sea species from a variety of habitats, taxonomic groups and depth zones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy R Baco
- Department of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, Florida State University, 117 N. Woodward Ave, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA
| | - Ron J Etter
- Biology Department, University of Massachusetts Boston, 100 Morrissey Blvd, Boston, MA, 02125, USA
| | - Pedro A Ribeiro
- Department of Oceanography and Fisheries, MARE- Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre & IMAR- Institute of Marine Research, University of the Azores, 9901-862, Horta, Portugal.,Okeanos- R&D Center, University of the Azores, 9901-862, Horta, Portugal
| | - Sophie von der Heyden
- Evolutionary Genomics Group, Department of Botany and Zoology, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, South Africa
| | - Peter Beerli
- Department of Scientific Computing, Florida State University, 150-T Dirac Science Library, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA
| | - Brian P Kinlan
- NOAA National Ocean Service, National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science, Center for Coastal Monitoring and Assessment, Biogeography Branch, 1305 East-West Hwy, N/SCI-1, Silver Spring, MD, 20910-3281, USA.,CSS-Dynamac Inc., 10301 Democracy Lane, Suite 300, Fairfax, VA, 22030, USA
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Harvest locations of goose barnacles can be successfully discriminated using trace elemental signatures. Sci Rep 2016; 6:27787. [PMID: 27292413 PMCID: PMC4904244 DOI: 10.1038/srep27787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2015] [Accepted: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
European Union regulations state that consumers must be rightfully informed about the provenance of fishery products to prevent fraudulent practices. However, mislabeling of the geographical origin is a common practice. It is therefore paramount to develop forensic methods that allow all players involved in the supply chain to accurately trace the origin of seafood. In this study, trace elemental signatures (TES) of the goose barnacle Pollicipes pollicipes, collected from ten sites along the Portuguese coast, were employed to discriminate individual’s origin. Barium (Ba), boron (B), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), lithium (Li), magnesium (Mg), manganese (Mn), phosphorous (P), lead (Pb), strontium (Sr) and zinc (Zn) - were quantified using Inductively Coupled Plasma−Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). Significant differences were recorded among locations for all elements. A regularized discriminant analysis (RDA) revealed that 83% of all individuals were correctly assigned. This study shows TES can be a reliable tool to confirm the geographic origin of goose barnacles at fine spatial resolution. Although additional studies are required to ascertain the reliability of TES on cooked specimens and the temporal stability of the signature, the approach holds great promise for the management of goose barnacles fisheries, enforcement of conservation policies and assurance in accurate labeling.
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Hardy SM, Smith CR, Thurnherr AM. Can the source-sink hypothesis explain macrofaunal abundance patterns in the abyss? A modelling test. Proc Biol Sci 2016; 282:20150193. [PMID: 25948686 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2015.0193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Low food availability is a major structuring force in deep-sea benthic communities, sustaining only very low densities of organisms in parts of the abyss. These low population densities may result in an Allee effect, whereby local reproductive success is inhibited, and populations are maintained by larval dispersal from bathyal slopes. This slope-abyss source-sink (SASS) hypothesis suggests that the abyssal seafloor constitutes a vast sink habitat with macrofaunal populations sustained only by an influx of larval 'refugees' from source areas on continental slopes, where higher productivity sustains greater population densities. Abyssal macrofaunal population densities would thus be directly related to larval inputs from bathyal source populations. We evaluate three predictions derived from the SASS hypothesis: (i) slope-derived larvae can be passively transported to central abyssal regions within a single larval period, (ii) projected larval export from slopes to the abyss reproduces global patterns of macrofaunal abundance and (iii) macrofaunal abundance decreases with distance from the continental slope. We find that abyssal macrofaunal populations are unlikely to be sustained solely through influx of larvae from slope sources. Rather, local reproduction probably sustains macrofaunal populations in relatively high-productivity abyssal areas, which must also be considered as potential larval source areas for more food-poor abyssal regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah M Hardy
- School of Fisheries and Ocean Sciences, University of Alaska, Fairbanks, PO Box 757220, Fairbanks, AK 99775, USA
| | - Craig R Smith
- Department of Oceanography, University of Hawaii, Manoa, 1000 Pope Road, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
| | - Andreas M Thurnherr
- Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University, 61 Route 9W, Palisades, NY 10964, USA
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Katolikova M, Khaitov V, Väinölä R, Gantsevich M, Strelkov P. Genetic, Ecological and Morphological Distinctness of the Blue Mussels Mytilus trossulus Gould and M. edulis L. in the White Sea. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0152963. [PMID: 27044013 PMCID: PMC4820271 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0152963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2015] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Two blue mussel lineages of Pliocene origin, Mytilus edulis (ME) and M. trossulus (MT), co-occur and hybridize in several regions on the shores of the North Atlantic. The two species were distinguished from each other by molecular methods in the 1980s, and a large amount of comparative data on them has been accumulated since that time. However, while ME and MT are now routinely distinguished by various genetic markers, they tend to be overlooked in ecological studies since morphological characters for taxonomic identification have been lacking, and no consistent habitat differences between lineages have been reported. Surveying a recently discovered area of ME and MT co-occurrence in the White Sea and employing a set of allozyme markers for identification, we address the issue whether ME and MT are true biological species with distinct ecological characteristics or just virtual genetic entities with no matching morphological and ecological identities. We find that: (1) in the White Sea, the occurrence of MT is largely concentrated in harbors, in line with observations from other subarctic regions of Europe; (2) mixed populations of ME and MT are always dominated by purebred individuals, animals classified as hybrids constituting only ca. 18%; (3) in terms of shell morphology, 80% of MT bear a distinct uninterrupted dark prismatic strip under the ligament while 97% of ME lack this character; (4) at sites of sympatry MT is more common on algal substrates while ME mostly lives directly on the bottom. This segregation by the substrate may contribute to maintaining reproductive isolation and decreasing competition between taxa. We conclude that while ME and MT are not fully reproductively isolated, they do represent clearly distinguishable biological, ecological and morphological entities in the White Sea. It remains to be documented whether the observed morphological and ecological differences are of a local character, or whether they have simply been overlooked in other contact zones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Katolikova
- Department of Ichthyology and Hydrobiology, Saint-Petersburg State University, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
- * E-mail:
| | - Vadim Khaitov
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Saint-Petersburg State University, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
- Kandalaksha State Nature Reserve, Kandalaksha, Murmansk Region, Russia
| | - Risto Väinölä
- Finnish Museum of Natural History, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Michael Gantsevich
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Petr Strelkov
- Department of Ichthyology and Hydrobiology, Saint-Petersburg State University, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
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Effects of sample storage and shell orientation on LA-ICPMS trace element measurements on deep-sea mussels. Sci Rep 2015; 5:17793. [PMID: 26643064 PMCID: PMC4672299 DOI: 10.1038/srep17793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2015] [Accepted: 10/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Geochemical markers are being increasingly applied to fundamental questions in population and community ecology in marine habitats because they allow inferences on individuals dispersal, but vital effects, small sample size and instrumental limitation are still challenging particularly in deep-sea studies. Here we use shells of the deep-sea bivalve Idas modiolaeformis to assess potential effects of sample storage, mineralogy, and valve orientation on LA-ICPMS measurements. Trace element concentrations of 24Mg, 43Ca, 88Sr, 137Ba, 208Pb, and 238U are not affected by the two most commonly used storage methods of biologic deep-sea samples (frozen at –20°C and fixed in 95% ethanol); thus combined analysis of differently preserved specimens is possible when the number of individuals is insufficient and distinct sample fixation is needed for multiple purposes. Valve orientation had a strong impact on quantification of trace elements in the calcitic but not in the aragonitic layer of adult shells. Hence, to enable comparisons between adult shells and entirely aragonitic embryonic shells, a reference map of site-specific signatures can potentially be generated using the aragonitic layer of the adult shells. Understanding ontogenetic changes and environmental effects in trace element incorporation is critical before geochemical fingerprinting can be used as a tool for larval dispersal studies in the deep-sea.
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St-Onge P, Tremblay R, Sévigny JM. Tracking larvae with molecular markers reveals high relatedness and early seasonal recruitment success in a partially spawning marine bivalve. Oecologia 2015; 178:733-46. [PMID: 25715923 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-015-3245-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2014] [Accepted: 01/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The partial synchronized spawning strategy adopted by some marine invertebrate broadcast-spawners can lead to the production of many distinct pools of larvae within a single reproductive cycle. Following the fate of these larval groups from birth to settlement with molecular markers might shed light on mechanisms regulating their population recruitment. Larvae and recruits of Mya arenaria, a partially spawning marine bivalve, were monitored and collected over 13 consecutive weeks during an entire reproductive cycle. Each sampled individual (n = 218) was sorted according to size (early veligers, late veligers, post-larval recruits) and genotyped at seven microsatellite loci for comparisons among samples and with adult reference samples (n = 270). While traditional differentiation statistics (e.g., pairwise Δ(ST), allelic richness) suggested the absence of sweepstakes reproductive success, the level of relatedness found within and among larvae and recruit samples suggested otherwise. Four samples out of ten were observed to have higher within-sample relatedness values than randomly expected, including the very first group of early veligers produced in the season (E1) and the last group of post-larvae who survived recruitment (P10). E1 individuals were also found to be more related than randomly expected to individuals of more than 80% of all other samples including the last surviving recruits (P8 and P10). These results suggest that the first larvae produced in the season were the most successful to survive recruitment. Results also show direct evidence for larval retention and demonstrate for the first time larval and post-larval kin aggregation in a marine bivalve.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe St-Onge
- Institut des Sciences de la Mer, Université du Québec à Rimouski, 310 Allée des Ursulines, Rimouski, QC, G5L 3A1, Canada,
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Zhou H, Xu J, Yang M, Wu B, Yan B, Xiong Y. Population genetic diversity of sesarmid crab (Perisesarma bidens) in China based on mitochondrial DNA. Mitochondrial DNA A DNA Mapp Seq Anal 2015; 27:3255-62. [DOI: 10.3109/19401736.2015.1015002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Haolang Zhou
- Guangxi Key Laboratory for Mangrove Conservation and Utilization, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Guangxi Mangrove Research, Beihai, Guangxi, P.R. China and
| | - Jingming Xu
- College of Forestry and Life Science, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Yongchuan, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Mingliu Yang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory for Mangrove Conservation and Utilization, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Guangxi Mangrove Research, Beihai, Guangxi, P.R. China and
| | - Bin Wu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory for Mangrove Conservation and Utilization, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Guangxi Mangrove Research, Beihai, Guangxi, P.R. China and
| | - Bing Yan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory for Mangrove Conservation and Utilization, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Guangxi Mangrove Research, Beihai, Guangxi, P.R. China and
| | - Yingze Xiong
- Guangxi Key Laboratory for Mangrove Conservation and Utilization, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Guangxi Mangrove Research, Beihai, Guangxi, P.R. China and
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Zhang H, Yanagimoto T, Zhang X, Song N, Gao T. Lack of population genetic differentiation of a marine ovoviviparous fish Sebastes schlegelii in Northwestern Pacific. Mitochondrial DNA A DNA Mapp Seq Anal 2014; 27:1748-54. [PMID: 25269000 DOI: 10.3109/19401736.2014.963797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Sebastes schlegelii is one of the fishes that aggregate around drifting seaweed during early development. To examine the population genetic structure of S. schlegelii, a 452-bp fragment of the mtDNA control region was sequenced and used to interpret life history characteristics and larval dispersal strategy. Two-hundred and twenty-one individuals from 13 sites across the entire range of S. schlegelii in China, Japan and Korea were analyzed. A neighbor-joining tree and network showed that there were no significant genealogical structures corresponding to sampling locations. AMOVA, pair-wise FST and exact test revealed no significant genetic differentiation among locations. The migration rate among locations was high based on the result of LAMARC. We conclude that larval dispersal with drifting seaweed and the current environmental factors may play an important role in shaping the contemporary phylogeographic pattern and genetic homogeneity of S. schlegelii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhang
- a Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environment Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Qingdao , P.R. China .,b Fisheries College, Ocean University of China , Qingdao , P.R. China
| | - Takashi Yanagimoto
- c National Research Institute of Fisheries Science , Yokohama , Japan , and
| | - Xiumei Zhang
- b Fisheries College, Ocean University of China , Qingdao , P.R. China
| | - Na Song
- b Fisheries College, Ocean University of China , Qingdao , P.R. China
| | - Tianxiang Gao
- d Fisheries College, Zhejiang Ocean University , Zhoushan , P.R. China
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Cook GS, Parnell PE, Levin LA. Population connectivity shifts at high frequency within an open-coast marine protected area network. PLoS One 2014; 9:e103654. [PMID: 25077486 PMCID: PMC4117510 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0103654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2013] [Accepted: 07/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A complete understanding of population connectivity via larval dispersal is of great value to the effective design and management of marine protected areas (MPA). However empirical estimates of larval dispersal distance, self-recruitment, and within season variability of population connectivity patterns and their influence on metapopulation structure remain rare. We used high-resolution otolith microchemistry data from the temperate reef fish Hypsypops rubicundus to explore biweekly, seasonal, and annual connectivity patterns in an open-coast MPA network. The three MPAs, spanning 46 km along the southern California coastline were connected by larval dispersal, but the magnitude and direction of connections reversed between 2008 and 2009. Self-recruitment, i.e. spawning, dispersal, and settlement to the same location, was observed at two locations, one of which is a MPA. Self-recruitment to this MPA ranged from 50–84%; within the entire 60 km study region, self-recruitment accounted for 45% of all individuals settling to study reefs. On biweekly time scales we observed directional variability in alongshore current data and larval dispersal trajectories; if viewed in isolation these data suggest the system behaves as a source-sink metapopulation. However aggregate biweekly data over two years reveal a reef network in which H. rubicundus behaves more like a well-mixed metapopulation. As one of the few empirical studies of population connectivity within a temperate open coast reef network, this work can inform the MPA design process, implementation of ecosystem based management plans, and facilitate conservation decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geoffrey S. Cook
- Cooperative Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Studies, Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States of America
- Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory, National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration, Miami, FL, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - P. Ed Parnell
- Integrative Oceanography Division, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States of America
| | - Lisa A. Levin
- Integrative Oceanography Division, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States of America
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Frieder CA, Gonzalez JP, Levin LA. Uranium in larval shells as a barometer of molluscan ocean acidification exposure. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2014; 48:6401-6408. [PMID: 24798367 DOI: 10.1021/es500514j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
As the ocean undergoes acidification, marine organisms will become increasingly exposed to reduced pH, yet variability in many coastal settings complicates our ability to accurately estimate pH exposure for those organisms that are difficult to track. Here we present shell-based geochemical proxies that reflect pH exposure from laboratory and field settings in larvae of the mussels Mytilus californianus and M. galloprovincialis. Laboratory-based proxies were generated from shells precipitated at pH 7.51 to 8.04. U/Ca, Sr/Ca, and multielemental signatures represented as principal components varied with pH for both species. Of these, U/Ca was the best predictor of pH and did not vary with larval size, with semidiurnal pH fluctuations, or with oxygen concentration. Field applications of U/Ca were tested with mussel larvae reared in situ at both known and unknown pH conditions. Larval shells precipitated in a region of greater upwelling had higher U/Ca, and these U/Ca values corresponded well with the laboratory-derived U/Ca-pH proxy. Retention of the larval shell after settlement in molluscs allows use of this geochemical proxy to assess ocean acidification effects on marine populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina A Frieder
- Integrative Oceanography Division, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego , 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0218, United States
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Burgess SC, Nickols KJ, Griesemer CD, Barnett LAK, Dedrick AG, Satterthwaite EV, Yamane L, Morgan SG, White JW, Botsford LW. Beyond connectivity: how empirical methods can quantify population persistence to improve marine protected-area design. ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS : A PUBLICATION OF THE ECOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2014; 24:257-70. [PMID: 24689139 DOI: 10.1890/13-0710.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Demographic connectivity is a fundamental process influencing the dynamics and persistence of spatially structured populations. Consequently, quantifying connectivity is essential for properly designing networks of protected areas so that they achieve their core ecological objective of maintaining population persistence. Recently, many empirical studies in marine systems have provided essential, and historically challenging to obtain, data on patterns of larval dispersal and export from marine protected areas (MPAs). Here, we review the empirical studies that have directly quantified the origins and destinations of individual larvae and assess those studies' relevance to the theory of population persistence and MPA design objectives. We found that empirical studies often do not measure or present quantities that are relevant to assessing population persistence, even though most studies were motivated or contextualized by MPA applications. Persistence of spatial populations, like nonspatial populations, depends on replacement, whether individuals reproduce enough in their lifetime to replace themselves. In spatial populations, one needs to account for the effect of larval dispersal on future recruitment back to the local population through local retention and other connectivity pathways. The most commonly reported descriptor of larval dispersal was the fraction of recruitment from local origin (self-recruitment). Self-recruitment does not inform persistence-based MPA design because it is a fraction of those arriving, not a fraction of those leaving (local retention), so contains no information on replacement. Some studies presented connectivity matrices, which can inform assessments of persistence with additional knowledge of survival and fecundity after recruitment. Some studies collected data in addition to larval dispersal that could inform assessments of population persistence but which were not presented in that way. We describe how three pieces of empirical information are needed to fully describe population persistence in a network of MPAs: (1) lifetime fecundity, (2) the proportion of larvae that are locally retained (or the full connectivity matrix), and (3) survival rate after recruitment. We conclude by linking theory and data to provide detailed guidance to empiricists and practitioners on field sampling design and data presentation that better informs the MPA objective of population persistence.
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Sorte CJB, Etter RJ, Spackman R, Boyle EE, Hannigan RE. Elemental fingerprinting of mussel shells to predict population sources and redistribution potential in the Gulf of Maine. PLoS One 2013; 8:e80868. [PMID: 24244724 PMCID: PMC3828252 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0080868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2013] [Accepted: 10/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
As the climate warms, species that cannot tolerate changing conditions will only persist if they undergo range shifts. Redistribution ability may be particularly variable for benthic marine species that disperse as pelagic larvae in ocean currents. The blue mussel, Mytilus edulis, has recently experienced a warming-related range contraction in the southeastern USA and may face limitations to northward range shifts within the Gulf of Maine where dominant coastal currents flow southward. Thus, blue mussels might be especially vulnerable to warming, and understanding dispersal patterns is crucial given the species' relatively long planktonic larval period (>1 month). To determine whether trace elemental “fingerprints” incorporated in mussel shells could be used to identify population sources (i.e. collection locations), we assessed the geographic variation in shell chemistry of blue mussels collected from seven populations between Cape Cod, Massachusetts and northern Maine. Across this ∼500 km of coastline, we were able to successfully predict population sources for over two-thirds of juvenile individuals, with almost 80% of juveniles classified within one site of their collection location and 97% correctly classified to region. These results indicate that significant differences in elemental signatures of mussel shells exist between open-coast sites separated by ∼50 km throughout the Gulf of Maine. Our findings suggest that elemental “fingerprinting” is a promising approach for predicting redistribution potential of the blue mussel, an ecologically and economically important species in the region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cascade J. B. Sorte
- School for the Environment, University of Massachusetts, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Ron J. Etter
- Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Robert Spackman
- University of Great Falls, Great Falls, Montana, United States of America
| | - Elizabeth E. Boyle
- Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Robyn E. Hannigan
- School for the Environment, University of Massachusetts, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
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Nelson TC, Doukakis P, Lindley ST, Schreier AD, Hightower JE, Hildebrand LR, Whitlock RE, Webb MAH. Research tools to investigate movements, migrations, and life history of sturgeons (Acipenseridae), with an emphasis on marine-oriented populations. PLoS One 2013; 8:e71552. [PMID: 23990959 PMCID: PMC3750015 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0071552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2012] [Accepted: 07/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Worldwide, sturgeons (Acipenseridae) are among the most endangered fishes due to habitat degradation, overfishing, and inherent life history characteristics (long life span, late maturation, and infrequent spawning). As most sturgeons are anadromous, a considerable portion of their life history occurs in estuarine and marine environments where they may encounter unique threats (e.g., interception in non-target fisheries). Of the 16 marine-oriented species, 12 are designated as Critically Endangered by the IUCN, and these include species commercially harvested. We review important research tools and techniques (tagging, electronic tagging, genetics, microchemistry, observatory) and discuss the comparative utility of these techniques to investigate movements, migrations, and life-history characteristics of sturgeons. Examples are provided regarding what the applications have revealed regarding movement and migration and how this information can be used for conservation and management. Through studies that include Gulf (Acipenser oxyrinchus desotoi) and Green Sturgeon (A. medirostris), we illustrate what is known about well-studied species and then explore lesser-studied species. A more complete picture of migration is available for North American sturgeon species, while European and Asian species, which are among the most endangered sturgeons, are less understood. We put forth recommendations that encourage the support of stewardship initiatives to build awareness and provide key information for population assessment and monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Troy C. Nelson
- Fraser River Sturgeon Conservation Society, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- * E-mail:
| | - Phaedra Doukakis
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, United States of America
| | - Steven T. Lindley
- National Marine Fisheries Service, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, Santa Cruz, California, United States of America
| | - Andrea D. Schreier
- Department of Animal Science, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Joseph E. Hightower
- U. S. Geological Survey, NC Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, Department of Applied Ecology, NC State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America
| | | | - Rebecca E. Whitlock
- Stanford University, Hopkins Marine Station, Pacific Grove, California, United States of America
| | - Molly A. H. Webb
- U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Bozeman Fish Technology Center, Bozeman, Montana, United States of America
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Štambuk A, Šrut M, Šatović Z, Tkalec M, Klobučar GIV. Gene flow vs. pollution pressure: genetic diversity of Mytilus galloprovincialis in eastern Adriatic. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2013; 136-137:22-31. [PMID: 23639423 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2013.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2013] [Revised: 03/20/2013] [Accepted: 03/23/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Environmental pollution may modify all the evolutionary processes involved in shaping the genetic patterns of exposed populations. In order to evaluate the pollution impact on the genetic diversity of Mediterranean mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis ten populations inhabiting differently polluted sites along the eastern Adriatic coast, from pristine bays to heavily trafficked harbours, were studied. Pollution pressure was assessed through an integrated study of biological effects and responses across different levels of biological organization. Eight microsatellite markers were analysed to assess genetic diversity of investigated populations. Both the principal component analysis (PCA) of the biomarker data set as well as the biomarker response index (BRI) confirmed substantial pollution pressure at the highly polluted sites, and very low pollution exposure at the three reference sites. Very shallow genetic differentiation was found in respect to maritime distances or pollution status, and this was attributed to a high gene flow among the populations. However, populations inhabiting polluted sites exhibited higher levels of genetic diversity and evolutionary mechanisms underlying this phenomenon are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anamaria Štambuk
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Rooseveltov trg 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
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Thomas L, Bell JJ. Testing the consistency of connectivity patterns for a widely dispersing marine species. Heredity (Edinb) 2013; 111:345-54. [PMID: 23820580 DOI: 10.1038/hdy.2013.58] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2013] [Revised: 05/03/2013] [Accepted: 05/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Connectivity is widely recognized as an important component in developing effective management and conservation strategies. Although managers are generally most interested in demographic, rather than genetic connectivity, new analytic approaches are able to provide estimates of both demographic and genetic connectivity measures from genetic data. Combining such genetic data with mathematical models represents a powerful approach for accurately determining patterns of population connectivity. Here, we use microsatellite markers to investigate the genetic population structure of the New Zealand Rock Lobster, Jasus edwardsii, which has one of the longest known larval durations of all marine species (>2 years), a very large geographic range (>5500 km), and has been the subject of extensive dispersal modeling. Despite earlier mitochondrial DNA studies finding homogeneous genetic structure, the mathematical model suggests that there are source-sink dynamics for this species. We found evidence of genetic structure in J. edwardsii populations with three distinct genetic groups across New Zealand and a further Australian group; these groups and patterns of gene flow were generally congruent with the earlier mathematical model. Of particular interest was the consistent identification of a self-recruiting population/region from both modeling and genetic approaches. Although there is the potential for selection and harvesting to influence the patterns we observed, we believe oceanographic processes are most likely responsible for the genetic structure observed in J. edwardsii. Our results, using a species at the extreme end of the dispersal spectrum, demonstrate that source-sink population dynamics may still exist for such species.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Thomas
- 1] School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand [2] The Oceans Institute, School of Plant Biology, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
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Iacchei M, Ben-Horin T, Selkoe KA, Bird CE, García-Rodríguez FJ, Toonen RJ. Combined analyses of kinship and FST suggest potential drivers of chaotic genetic patchiness in high gene-flow populations. Mol Ecol 2013; 22:3476-94. [PMID: 23802550 PMCID: PMC3749441 DOI: 10.1111/mec.12341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2013] [Revised: 03/10/2013] [Accepted: 03/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We combine kinship estimates with traditional F-statistics to explain contemporary drivers of population genetic differentiation despite high gene flow. We investigate range-wide population genetic structure of the California spiny (or red rock) lobster (Panulirus interruptus) and find slight, but significant global population differentiation in mtDNA (ΦST = 0.006, P = 0.001; D(est_Chao) = 0.025) and seven nuclear microsatellites (F(ST) = 0.004, P < 0.001; D(est_Chao) = 0.03), despite the species' 240- to 330-day pelagic larval duration. Significant population structure does not correlate with distance between sampling locations, and pairwise FST between adjacent sites often exceeds that among geographically distant locations. This result would typically be interpreted as unexplainable, chaotic genetic patchiness. However, kinship levels differ significantly among sites (pseudo-F(16,988) = 1.39, P = 0.001), and ten of 17 sample sites have significantly greater numbers of kin than expected by chance (P < 0.05). Moreover, a higher proportion of kin within sites strongly correlates with greater genetic differentiation among sites (D(est_Chao), R(2) = 0.66, P < 0.005). Sites with elevated mean kinship were geographically proximate to regions of high upwelling intensity (R(2) = 0.41, P = 0.0009). These results indicate that P. interruptus does not maintain a single homogenous population, despite extreme dispersal potential. Instead, these lobsters appear to either have substantial localized recruitment or maintain planktonic larval cohesiveness whereby siblings more likely settle together than disperse across sites. More broadly, our results contribute to a growing number of studies showing that low F(ST) and high family structure across populations can coexist, illuminating the foundations of cryptic genetic patterns and the nature of marine dispersal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Iacchei
- Hawai'i Institute of Marine Biology, School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Kāne'ohe, HI 96744, USA.
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Kough AS, Paris CB, Butler MJ. Larval connectivity and the international management of fisheries. PLoS One 2013; 8:e64970. [PMID: 23762273 PMCID: PMC3676408 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0064970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2012] [Accepted: 04/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Predicting the oceanic dispersal of planktonic larvae that connect scattered marine animal populations is difficult, yet crucial for management of species whose movements transcend international boundaries. Using multi-scale biophysical modeling techniques coupled with empirical estimates of larval behavior and gamete production, we predict and empirically verify spatio-temporal patterns of larval supply and describe the Caribbean-wide pattern of larval connectivity for the Caribbean spiny lobster (Panulirus argus), an iconic coral reef species whose commercial value approaches $1 billion USD annually. Our results provide long sought information needed for international cooperation in the management of marine resources by identifying lobster larval connectivity and dispersal pathways throughout the Caribbean. Moreover, we outline how large-scale fishery management could explicitly recognize metapopulation structure by considering larval transport dynamics and pelagic larval sanctuaries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew S Kough
- Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, United States of America.
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Shea K, Metaxas A, Young CR, Fisher CR. Processes and Interactions in Macrofaunal Assemblages at Hydrothermal Vents: A Modeling Perspective. MAGMA TO MICROBE: MODELING HYDROTHERMAL PROCESSES AT OCEAN SPREADING CENTERS 2013. [DOI: 10.1029/178gm13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Neo ML, Erftemeijer PLA, van Beek JKL, van Maren DS, Teo SLM, Todd PA. Recruitment constraints in Singapore's fluted giant clam (Tridacna squamosa) population--a dispersal model approach. PLoS One 2013; 8:e58819. [PMID: 23555597 PMCID: PMC3596324 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0058819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2013] [Accepted: 02/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Recruitment constraints on Singapore's dwindling fluted giant clam, Tridacna squamosa, population were studied by modelling fertilisation, larval transport, and settlement using real-time hydrodynamic forcing combined with knowledge of spawning characteristics, larval development, behaviour, and settlement cues. Larval transport was simulated using a finite-volume advection-diffusion model coupled to a three-dimensional hydrodynamic model. Three recruitment constraint hypotheses were tested: 1) there is limited connectivity between Singapore's reefs and other reefs in the region, 2) there is limited exchange within Singapore's Southern Islands, and 3) there exist low-density constraints to fertilisation efficacy (component Allee effects). Results showed that connectivity among giant clam populations was primarily determined by residual hydrodynamic flows and spawning time, with greatest chances of successful settlement occurring when spawning and subsequent larval dispersal coincided with the period of lowest residual flow. Simulations suggested poor larval transport from reefs located along the Peninsular Malaysia to Singapore, probably due to strong surface currents between the Andaman Sea and South China Sea combined with a major land barrier disrupting larval movement among reefs. The model, however, predicted offshore coral reefs to the southeast of Singapore (Bintan and Batam) may represent a significant source of larvae. Larval exchange within Singapore's Southern Islands varied substantially depending on the locations of source and sink reefs as well as spawning time; but all simulations resulted in low settler densities (2.1-68.6 settled individuals per 10,000 m(2)). Poor fertilisation rates predicted by the model indicate that the low density and scattered distribution of the remaining T. squamosa in Singapore are likely to significantly inhibit any natural recovery of local stocks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Lin Neo
- Experimental Marine Ecology Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Tropical Marine Science Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Paul L. A. Erftemeijer
- Sinclair Knight Merz (SKM), Perth, Australia
- The UWA Oceans Institute, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia
| | | | | | - Serena L-M. Teo
- Tropical Marine Science Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Peter A. Todd
- Experimental Marine Ecology Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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Dunphy BJ, Ragg NLC, Collings MG. Latitudinal comparison of thermotolerance and HSP70 production in F2 larvae of the greenshell mussel (Perna canaliculus). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 216:1202-9. [PMID: 23239885 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.076729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
We report the first measures of thermotolerance (recorded as percentage mortality and induced HSP70 production) for pelagic larvae of three populations of the New Zealand greenshell (green-lipped) mussel Perna canaliculus. Our goal was to determine whether distinct populations of P. canaliculus were more susceptible to predicted climate change than others, and whether such patterns of susceptibility were either genetically controlled (local adaptation of populations) or simply reflect the acclimatory capacity of this species. F2 larvae from three P. canaliculus populations (D'Urville Island, Banks Peninsula and Stewart Island) were subjected to an acute thermal challenge (3 h exposure to a fixed temperature in the range 20-42°C). No latitudinal patterns in either percentage mortality or HSP70 protein production were apparent. For all populations, larval mortality (LT50) was between 32.9 and 33.9°C, with significant amounts of HSP70 induction only occurring in those individuals that experienced temperatures of 40°C or greater. The data presented therefore do not support the hypothesis that genetic adaptation of P. canaliculus to distinct thermal environments will be reflected by a corresponding difference in acute heat tolerance. In fact, the apparently vulnerable veligers show a surprisingly wide thermal safety margin. To develop a comprehensive understanding of the effects of ocean warming upon this species, subsequent studies should consider the impacts of sub-lethal stress upon fitness in addition to chronic thermal challenge and, crucially, the response of sedentary juvenile and adult stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brendon J Dunphy
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
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Marshall DJ, Krug PJ, Kupriyanova EK, Byrne M, Emlet RB. The Biogeography of Marine Invertebrate Life Histories. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ECOLOGY EVOLUTION AND SYSTEMATICS 2012. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-102710-145004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Biologists have long sought to identify and explain patterns in the diverse array of marine life histories. The most famous speculation about such patterns is Gunnar Thorson's suggestion that species producing planktonic larvae are rarer at higher latitudes (Thorson's rule). Although some elements of Thorson's rule have proven incorrect, other elements remain untested. With a wealth of new life-history data, statistical approaches, and remote-sensing technology, new insights into marine reproduction can be generated. We gathered life-history data for more than 1,000 marine invertebrates and examined patterns in the prevalence of different life histories. Systematic patterns in marine life histories exist at a range of scales, some of which support Thorson, whereas others suggest previously unrecognized relationships between the marine environment and the life histories of marine invertebrates. Overall, marine life histories covary strongly with temperature and local ocean productivity, and different regions should be managed accordingly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dustin J. Marshall
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Patrick J. Krug
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State University, Los Angeles, California 90032
| | - Elena K. Kupriyanova
- Marine Invertebrates, Australian Museum, Sydney, New South Wales 2010, Australia
| | - Maria Byrne
- School of Medical and Biological Sciences, The University of Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Richard B. Emlet
- Oregon Institute of Marine Biology, The University of Oregon, Charleston 97420
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