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Ricard A, Restagno F, Jang YH, Lansac Y, Raspaud E. Corrosion-driven droplet wetting on iron nanolayers. Sci Rep 2023; 13:18288. [PMID: 37880431 PMCID: PMC10600194 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45547-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The classical Evans' drop describes a drop of aqueous salt solution, placed on a bulk metal surface where it displays a corrosion pit that grows over time producing further oxide deposits from the metal dissolution. We focus here on the corrosion-induced droplet spreading using iron nanolayers whose semi-transparency allowed us to monitor both iron corrosion propagation and electrolyte droplet behavior by simple optical means. We thus observed that pits grow under the droplet and merge into a corrosion front. This front reached the triple contact line and drove a non radial spreading, until it propagated outside the immobile droplet. Such chemically-active wetting is only observed in the presence of a conductive substrate that provides strong adhesion of the iron nanofilm to the substrate. By revisiting the classic Evan's drop experiment on thick iron film, a weaker corrosion-driven droplet spreading is also identified. These results require further investigations, but they clearly open up new perspectives on substrate wetting by corrosion-like electrochemical reactions at the nanometer scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurelien Ricard
- Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, 91405, Orsay Cedex, France
| | - Frederic Restagno
- Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, 91405, Orsay Cedex, France
| | - Yun Hee Jang
- Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, 91405, Orsay Cedex, France
- GREMAN UMR 7347, CNRS, INSA CVL, Université de Tours, 37200, Tours, France
- Department of Energy Science and Engineering, DGIST, Daegu, 42988, Korea
| | - Yves Lansac
- Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, 91405, Orsay Cedex, France
- GREMAN UMR 7347, CNRS, INSA CVL, Université de Tours, 37200, Tours, France
- Department of Energy Science and Engineering, DGIST, Daegu, 42988, Korea
| | - Eric Raspaud
- Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, 91405, Orsay Cedex, France.
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2
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Kong H, Yao H, Li Y, Wang Q, Qiu X, Yan J, Zhu J, Wang Y. Mixed-Dimensional van der Waals Heterostructures for Boosting Electricity Generation. ACS NANO 2023; 17:18456-18469. [PMID: 37698581 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c06080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
The emerging technology of harvesting environmental energy using hydrovoltaic devices enriches the conversion forms of renewable energy. It provides more concepts for power supply in micro/nano systems, and hydrovoltaic technology with high performance, usability, and integration is essential for achieving sustainable green energy. Comparing the discovery of multiscale nanomaterials, working layers with innovative microstructures have gradually become the dominant trend in the construction of graphene-based hydrovoltaic devices. However, reports on promoting ion/electron redistribution at the solid-liquid interface through the substrate effect of graphene are accompanied by tedious procedures, nondiverse substrates, and monolithic regulation of enhancement mechanisms. Here, the electrophoretic deposition (EPD)-driven SiC whiskers (SiCw)-assisted graphene transfer process is adopted to alleviate the complexity of the device fabrication caused by graphene transfer. The resulting output performance of the graphene/SiCw (GS) mesh films is significantly boosted. The high integrity of graphene and prominent negative surface charge near the graphene-droplet interface are derived from the overlayer and underlayer inside the graphene-based mixed-dimensional van der Waals (vdW) heterostructures, respectively. Additionally, a self-powered desalination-monitoring system is designed based on integrated hydrovoltaic devices. Electricity harvested from the ionic solutions is reused for deionization, representing an efficient strategy for energy conversion and utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoran Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Huiying Yao
- School of Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, P. R. China
| | - Yuting Li
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Qinhuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Xiaopan Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Jin Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Jia Zhu
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Nanoscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Yu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
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3
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Jeong KJ, Jeong S, Lee S, Son CY. Predictive Molecular Models for Charged Materials Systems: From Energy Materials to Biomacromolecules. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2204272. [PMID: 36373701 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202204272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Electrostatic interactions play a dominant role in charged materials systems. Understanding the complex correlation between macroscopic properties with microscopic structures is of critical importance to develop rational design strategies for advanced materials. But the complexity of this challenging task is augmented by interfaces present in the charged materials systems, such as electrode-electrolyte interfaces or biological membranes. Over the last decades, predictive molecular simulations that are founded in fundamental physics and optimized for charged interfacial systems have proven their value in providing molecular understanding of physicochemical properties and functional mechanisms for diverse materials. Novel design strategies utilizing predictive models have been suggested as promising route for the rational design of materials with tailored properties. Here, an overview of recent advances in the understanding of charged interfacial systems aided by predictive molecular simulations is presented. Focusing on three types of charged interfaces found in energy materials and biomacromolecules, how the molecular models characterize ion structure, charge transport, morphology relation to the environment, and the thermodynamics/kinetics of molecular binding at the interfaces is discussed. The critical analysis brings two prominent field of energy materials and biological science under common perspective, to stimulate crossover in both research field that have been largely separated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyeong-Jun Jeong
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 790-784, South Korea
| | - Seungwon Jeong
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 790-784, South Korea
| | - Sangmin Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 790-784, South Korea
| | - Chang Yun Son
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 790-784, South Korea
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4
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Wang X, Lin F, Wang X, Fang S, Tan J, Chu W, Rong R, Yin J, Zhang Z, Liu Y, Guo W. Hydrovoltaic technology: from mechanism to applications. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:4902-4927. [PMID: 35638386 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs00778e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Water is a colossal reservoir of clean energy as it adsorbs thirty-five percent of solar energy reaching the Earth's surface. More than half of the adsorbed energy turns into latent heat for water evaporation, driving the water cycle of the Earth.1 Yet, only very limited energy in the water cycle is harvested by current industrial technologies. The past decade has witnessed the emergence of hydrovoltaic technology, which generates electricity from nanomaterials by direct interaction with water and enables energy harvesting from the water cycle such as from rain, waves, flows, moisture and natural evaporation. Years of efforts have been committed to improve the conversion efficiency of hydrovoltaic devices through chemical synthesis of advanced nanomaterials and innovative design of device structures. Further development of this field, however, still requires in-depth understanding of hydrovoltaic mechanisms and boosting of the electrical outputs for wider applications. Here, we present a tutorial review of different mechanisms of generating electricity from droplets, flows, natural evaporation and ambient moisture by analyzing basic interactions at various water-material interfaces. Key aspects in raising the output power of hydrovoltaic devices are then discussed in terms of material synthesis, structural design, and device optimization. We also provide an outlook on the potential applications of this technology ranging from sensors, power suppliers to multifunctional systems as well as on the scientific and technological challenges in transforming its potential into practical utility. The prospects of this emerging field are considered for future endeavor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofan Wang
- Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, and Institute for Frontier Science, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China.
| | - Fanrong Lin
- Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, and Institute for Frontier Science, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China.
| | - Xiang Wang
- Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, and Institute for Frontier Science, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China.
| | - Sunmiao Fang
- Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, and Institute for Frontier Science, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China.
| | - Jin Tan
- Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, and Institute for Frontier Science, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China.
| | - Weicun Chu
- Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, and Institute for Frontier Science, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China.
| | - Rong Rong
- Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, and Institute for Frontier Science, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China.
| | - Jun Yin
- Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, and Institute for Frontier Science, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China.
| | - Zhuhua Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, and Institute for Frontier Science, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China.
| | - Yanpeng Liu
- Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, and Institute for Frontier Science, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China.
| | - Wanlin Guo
- Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, and Institute for Frontier Science, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China.
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5
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Kong H, Si P, Li M, Qiu X, Liu J, Wang X, Wang Q, Li Y, Wang Y. Enhanced Electricity Generation from Graphene Microfluidic Channels for Self-Powered Flexible Sensors. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:3266-3274. [PMID: 35416042 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c00168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
As a novel energy harvesting method, generating electricity from the interaction of liquid-solid interface has attracted growing interest. Although several functional materials have been carried out to improve the performance of the flow-induced hydrovoltaic generators, there are few reports on influencing the droplet flow behavior to excavate its electricity generation by governing the device structure. Here, the output performance of the graphene microfluidic channel (GMC) structure is ∼13 times higher than that of the flat-open space graphene morphology. The strong slip flow and high surface charge density near the graphene-droplet interface originate from the GMC structure, which produces an effective liquid-solid interaction and rapid relative movement of the droplet. Additionally, based on the GMC structure a self-powered pressure sensor is designed. The droplet motion is regulated by external forces to generate specific voltages, which provide a new approach for the development of wearable self-powered electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoran Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P.R. China
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Pengchao Si
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P.R. China
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Mengqi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P.R. China
| | - Xiaopan Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P.R. China
| | - Jingjing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P.R. China
| | - Xiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P.R. China
| | - Qinhuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P.R. China
| | - Yuting Li
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P.R. China
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Yu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P.R. China
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6
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Microscopic origin of the effect of substrate metallicity on interfacial free energies. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:2108769118. [PMID: 34876519 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2108769118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigate the effect of the metallic character of solid substrates on solid-liquid interfacial thermodynamics using molecular simulations. Building on the recent development of a semiclassical Thomas-Fermi model to tune the metallicity in classical molecular dynamics simulations, we introduce a thermodynamic integration framework to compute the evolution of the interfacial free energy as a function of the Thomas-Fermi screening length. We validate this approach against analytical results for empty capacitors and by comparing the predictions in the presence of an electrolyte with values determined from the contact angle of droplets on the surface. The general expression derived in this work highlights the role of the charge distribution within the metal. We further propose a simple model to interpret the evolution of the interfacial free energy with voltage and Thomas-Fermi length, which allows us to identify the charge correlations within the metal as the microscopic origin of the evolution of the interfacial free energy with the metallic character of the substrate. This methodology opens the door to the molecular-scale study of the effect of the metallic character of the substrate on confinement-induced transitions in ionic systems, as reported in recent atomic force microscopy and surface force apparatus experiments.
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7
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Lherbette M, Regeard C, Marlière C, Raspaud E. Biocorrosion on Nanofilms Induces Rapid Bacterial Motions via Iron Dissolution. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2021; 7:1949-1956. [PMID: 34841065 PMCID: PMC8614109 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.1c01126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Stability and reactivity of solid metal or mineral surfaces in contact with bacteria are critical properties for development of biocorrosion protection and for understanding bacteria-solid environmental interactions. Here, we opted to work with nanosheets of iron nanolayers offering arbitrarily large and stable areas of contact that can be simply monitored by optical means. We focused our study on the sediments' bacteria, the strain Shewanella oneidensis WT MR-1, that served as models for previous research on electroactivity and iron-reduction effects. Data show that a sudden uniform corrosion appeared after an early electroactive period without specific affinities and that iron dissolution induced rapid bacterial motions. By extending the approach to mutant strains and three bacterial species, we established a correlation between corrosion onset and oxygen-depletion combined with iron reduction and demonstrated bacteria's extraordinary ability to transform their solid environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Lherbette
- Université
Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Christophe Regeard
- Institute
for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Christian Marlière
- Université
Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Eric Raspaud
- Université
Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, 91405 Orsay, France
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8
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Jin H, Park J, Yoon SG, Lee WH, Cho YH, Han J, Yin Z, Kim YS. Verification of Carrier Concentration-Dependent Behavior in Water-Infiltration-Induced Electricity Generation by Ionovoltaic Effect. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2103448. [PMID: 34611985 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202103448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Water-infiltration-induced power generation has the renewable characteristic of generating electrical energy from ambient water. Importantly, it is found that the carrier concentration in semiconductor constituting the energy generator seriously affect the electricity generation. Nevertheless, few studies are conducted on the influence of semiconductor carrier concentration, a crucial factor on electricity generation. Due to this, understanding of the energy harvesting mechanism is still insufficient. Herein, the semiconductor carrier concentration-dependent behavior in water-infiltration-induced electricity generation and the energy harvesting mechanism by ionovoltaic effect are comprehensively verified. A clue to enhance the electric power generation efficiency is also proposed. When 20 µL of water (NaCl, 0.1 m) infiltrates into a porous CuO nanowires film (PCNF), electric power of ≈0.5 V and ≈1 µA are produced for 25 min. Moreover, the PCNF shows good practicability by generating electricity using various ambient water, turning on LEDs, and being fabricated as a curved one.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huding Jin
- Program in Nano Science and Technology, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Junwoo Park
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Sun Geun Yoon
- Program in Nano Science and Technology, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Hyung Lee
- Program in Nano Science and Technology, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Hyun Cho
- Program in Nano Science and Technology, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Junghyup Han
- Program in Nano Science and Technology, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Zhenxing Yin
- Department of Chemistry, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, 133002, China
| | - Youn Sang Kim
- Program in Nano Science and Technology, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, and Institute of Chemical Processes, College of Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Advanced Institute of Convergence Technology, Suwon, 16229, Republic of Korea
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9
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Lee WH, Yoon SG, Jin H, Yoo J, Han J, Cho YH, Kim YS. Electron Density-Change in Semiconductor by Ion-Adsorption at Solid-Liquid Interface. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2007581. [PMID: 33538022 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202007581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The change in electrical properties of electrodes by adsorption or desorption at interfaces is a well-known phenomenon required for signal production in electrically transduced sensing technologies. Furthermore, in terms of electrolyte-insulator-semiconductor (EIS) structure, several studies of energy conversion techniques focused on ion-adsorption at the solid-liquid interface have suggested that the electric signal is generated by ionovoltaic phenomena. However, finding substantial clues for the ion-adsorption phenomena in the EIS structure is still a difficult task because direct evidence for carrier accumulation in semiconductors by Coulomb interactions is insufficient. Here, a sophisticated Hall measurement system is demonstrated to quantitatively analyze accumulated electron density-change inside the semiconductor depending on the ion-adsorption at the solid-liquid interface. Also, an enhanced EIS-structured device is designed in an aqueous-soaked system that works with the ionovoltaic principle to monitor the ion-dynamics in liquid electrolyte media, interestingly confirming ion-concentration dependence and ion-specificity by generated peak voltages. This newly introduced peculiar method contributes to an in-depth understanding of the ionovoltaic phenomena in terms of carrier actions in the semiconductors and ionic behaviors in the aqueous-bulk phases, providing informative analysis about interfacial adsorptions that can expand the scope of ion-sensing platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won Hyung Lee
- Program in Nano Science and Technology, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Geun Yoon
- Program in Nano Science and Technology, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Huding Jin
- Program in Nano Science and Technology, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeeyoung Yoo
- School of Energy Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Junghyup Han
- Program in Nano Science and Technology, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Hyun Cho
- Program in Nano Science and Technology, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Youn Sang Kim
- Program in Nano Science and Technology, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Advanced Institute of Convergence Technology, Suwon, 16229, Republic of Korea
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On the Energy Efficiency in the Next Generation of Smart Buildings—Supporting Technologies and Techniques. ENERGIES 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/en12224399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Energy efficiency is one of the most relevant issues that the scientific community, and society in general, must face in the next years. Furthermore, higher energy efficiencies will contribute to worldwide sustainability. Buildings are responsible for 40% of the overall consumed energy. Smart Grids and Smart Buildings are playing an essential role in the definition of the next generation of sustainable Smart Cities. The main goal is reducing the impact of energy consumption on the environment as much as possible. This paper focuses on information communication technologies (ICTs) and techniques, their key characteristics and contribution to obtain higher energy efficiencies in smart buildings. Given that electrical energy is the most used, the investigation mainly centres on this energy. This paper also pays attention to green energies and energy harvesting due to their contribution to energy efficiency by providing additional clean energy. The main contribution of this investigation is pointing out the most relevant existing and emerging ICT technologies and techniques which can be used to optimize the energy efficiency of Smart Buildings. The research puts special attention on available, novel and emerging sensors, communication technologies and standards, intelligence techniques and algorithms, green energies and energy harvesting. All of them enable high-performance intelligent systems to optimize energy consumption and occupants’ comfort. Furthermore, it remarks on the most suitable technologies and techniques, their main features and their applications in Smart Buildings.
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