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Mach KJ, Jagannathan K, Shi L, Turek-Hankins LL, Arnold JR, Brelsford C, Flores AN, Gao J, Martín CE, McCollum DL, Moss R, Niemann J, Rashleigh B, Reed PM. Research to Confront Climate Change Complexity: Intersectionality, Integration, and Innovative Governance. EARTH'S FUTURE 2024; 12:1-17. [PMID: 38993973 PMCID: PMC11235121 DOI: 10.1029/2023ef004392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
Climate impacts increasingly unfold in interlinked systems of people, nature, and infrastructure. The cascading consequences are revealing sometimes surprising connections across sectors and regions, and prospects for climate responses also depend on complex, difficult-to-understand interactions. In this commentary, we build on the innovations of the United States Fifth National Climate Assessment to suggest a framework for understanding and responding to complex climate challenges. This approach involves: (a) integration of disciplines and expertise to understand how intersectionality shapes complex climate impacts and the wide-ranging effects of climate responses, (b) collaborations among diverse knowledge holders to improve responses and better encompass intersectionality, and (c) sustained experimentation with and learning about governance approaches capable of handling the complexity of climate change. Together, these three pillars underscore that usability of climate-relevant knowledge requires transdisciplinary coordination of research and practice. We outline actionable steps for climate research to incorporate intersectionality, integration, and innovative governance, as is increasingly necessary for confronting climate complexity and sustaining equitable, ideally vibrant climate futures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharine J Mach
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, Rosenstiel School of Marine, Atmospheric, and Earth Science, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
- Leonard and Jayne Abess Center for Ecosystem Science and Policy, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA
| | - Kripa Jagannathan
- Earth and Environmental Sciences Area, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Linda Shi
- Department of City and Regional Planning, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Lynée L Turek-Hankins
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, Rosenstiel School of Marine, Atmospheric, and Earth Science, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
- Leonard and Jayne Abess Center for Ecosystem Science and Policy, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA
| | | | - Christa Brelsford
- Geospatial Sciences and Human Security Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
- Analytics, Intelligence, and Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA
| | | | - Jing Gao
- Department of Geography and Spatial Sciences & Data Science Institute, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Carlos E Martín
- Harvard University Joint Center for Housing Studies, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - David L McCollum
- Buildings and Transportation Science Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
- Baker School of Public Policy and Public Affairs, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Richard Moss
- Joint Global Change Research Institute, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jennifer Niemann
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, Rosenstiel School of Marine, Atmospheric, and Earth Science, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
- Leonard and Jayne Abess Center for Ecosystem Science and Policy, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA
| | - Brenda Rashleigh
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Narragansett, RI, USA
| | - Patrick M Reed
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
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McNamara DE, Smith MD, Williams Z, Gopalakrishnan S, Landry CE. Policy and market forces delay real estate price declines on the US coast. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2209. [PMID: 38467636 PMCID: PMC10928214 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46548-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite increasing risks from sea-level rise (SLR) and storms, US coastal communities continue to attract relatively high-income residents, and coastal property values continue to rise. To understand this seeming paradox and explore policy responses, we develop the Coastal Home Ownership Model (C-HOM) and analyze the long-term evolution of coastal real estate markets. C-HOM incorporates changing physical attributes of the coast, economic values of these attributes, and dynamic risks associated with storms and flooding. Resident owners, renters, and non-resident investors jointly determine coastal property values and the policy choices that influence the physical evolution of the coast. In the coupled system, we find that subsidies for coastal management, such as beach nourishment, tax advantages for high-income property owners, and stable or increasing property values outside the coastal zone all dampen the effects of SLR on coastal property values. The effects, however, are temporary and only delay precipitous declines as total inundation approaches. By removing subsidies, prices would more accurately reflect risks from SLR but also trigger more coastal gentrification, as relatively high-income owners enter the market and self-finance nourishment. Our results suggest a policy tradeoff between slowing demographic transitions in coastal communities and allowing property markets to adjust smoothly to risks from climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dylan E McNamara
- Department of Physics and Physical Oceanography, UNC Wilmington, Wilmington, NC, 28403, USA
- Center for Marine Science, UNC Wilmington, Wilmington, NC, 28403, USA
| | - Martin D Smith
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA.
- Department of Economics, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA.
| | - Zachary Williams
- Department of Physics and Physical Oceanography, UNC Wilmington, Wilmington, NC, 28403, USA
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Sathya Gopalakrishnan
- Department of Agricultural, Environmental, and Development Economics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Craig E Landry
- Department of Agricultural and Applied Economics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
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