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Huang B, Yan J, Li Z, Chen L, Shi J. Anode-Electrolyte Interfacial Acidity Regulation Enhances Electrocatalytic Performances of Alcohol Oxidations. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202409419. [PMID: 38975974 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202409419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
The local acidity at the anode surface during electrolysis is apparently stronger than that in bulk electrolyte due to the deprotonation from the reactant, which leads to the deteriorated electrocatalytic performances and product distributions. Here, an anode-electrolyte interfacial acidity regulation strategy has been proposed to inhibit local acidification at the surface of anode and enhance the electrocatalytic activity and selectivity of anodic reactions. As a proof of the concept, CeO2-x Lewis acid component has been employed as a supporter to load Au nanoparticles to accelerate the diffusion and enrichment of OH- toward the anode surface, so as to accelerate the electrocatalytic alcohol oxidation reaction. As the result, Au/CeO2-x exhibits much enhanced lactic acid selectivity of 81 % and electrochemical activity of 693 mA⋅cm-2 current density in glycerol oxidation reaction compared to pure Au. Mechanism investigation reveals that the introduced Lewis acid promotes the mass transport and concentration of OH- on the anode surface, thus promoting the generation of lactic acid through the simultaneous enhancements of Faradaic and non-Faradaic processes. Attractively, the proposed strategy can be used for the electro-oxidation performance enhancements of a variety of alcohols, which thereby provides a new perspective for efficient alcohol electro-oxidations and the corresponding electrocatalyst design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingji Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Molecular and Process engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Jiabiao Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Molecular and Process engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Zhenhua Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Lisong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Molecular and Process engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
- Institute of Eco-Chongming, Shanghai, 202162, China
| | - Jianlin Shi
- Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, P. R. China
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2
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Ge X, Pan R, Xie H, Hu S, Yuan J. Regulating Ru xMo y Nanoalloys Anchored on Porous Nitrogen-Doped Carbon via Domain-Confined Etching Strategy for Neutral Efficient Ammonia Electrosynthesis. NANO LETTERS 2024. [PMID: 39263891 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c03319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/13/2024]
Abstract
Neutral electrochemical nitrate (NO3-) reduction to ammonia involves sluggish and complex kinetics, so developing efficient electrocatalysts at low potential remains challenging. Here, we report a domain-confined etching strategy to construct RuxMoy nanoalloys on porous nitrogen-doped carbon by optimizing the Ru-to-Mo ratio, achieving efficient neutral NH3 electrosynthesis. Combining in situ spectroscopy and theoretical simulations demonstrated a rational synergic effect between Ru and Mo in nanoalloys that reinforces *H adsorption and lowers the energy barrier of NO3- hydrodeoxygenation for NH3 production. The resultant Ru5Mo5-NC surpasses 92.8% for NH3 selectivity at the potential range from -0.25 to -0.45 V vs RHE under neutral electrolyte, particularly achieving a high NH3 selectivity of 98.3% and a corresponding yield rate of 1.3 mg h-1 mgcat-1 at -0.4 V vs RHE. This work provides a synergic strategy that sheds light on a new avenue for developing efficient multicomponent heterogeneous catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Ge
- Department of Polymer Materials and Engineering, College of Materials & Metallurgy, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, Guiyang 550025, P.R. China
| | - Ronglan Pan
- Department of Polymer Materials and Engineering, College of Materials & Metallurgy, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, Guiyang 550025, P.R. China
| | - Haibo Xie
- Department of Polymer Materials and Engineering, College of Materials & Metallurgy, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, Guiyang 550025, P.R. China
| | - Shiwei Hu
- Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P.R. China
| | - Jili Yuan
- Department of Polymer Materials and Engineering, College of Materials & Metallurgy, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, Guiyang 550025, P.R. China
- College of Big Data and Information Engineering, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, Guiyang 550025, P.R. China
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3
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Zhou B, Tong Y, Yao Y, Zhang W, Zhan G, Zheng Q, Hou W, Gu XK, Zhang L. Reversed I 1Cu 4 single-atom sites for superior neutral ammonia electrosynthesis with nitrate. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2405236121. [PMID: 39226362 PMCID: PMC11406288 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2405236121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Electrochemical ammonia (NH3) synthesis from nitrate reduction (NITRR) offers an appealing solution for addressing environmental concerns and the energy crisis. However, most of the developed electrocatalysts reduce NO3- to NH3 via a hydrogen (H*)-mediated reduction mechanism, which suffers from undesired H*-H* dimerization to H2, resulting in unsatisfactory NH3 yields. Herein, we demonstrate that reversed I1Cu4 single-atom sites, prepared by anchoring iodine single atoms on the Cu surface, realized superior NITRR with a superior ammonia yield rate of 4.36 mg h-1 cm-2 and a Faradaic efficiency of 98.5% under neutral conditions via a proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) mechanism, far beyond those of traditional Cu sites (NH3 yield rate of 0.082 mg h-1 cm-2 and Faradaic efficiency of 36.5%) and most of H*-mediated NITRR electrocatalysts. Theoretical calculations revealed that I single atoms can regulate the local electronic structures of adjacent Cu sites in favor of stronger O-end-bidentate NO3- adsorption with dual electron transfer channels and suppress the H* formation from the H2O dissociation, thus switching the NITRR mechanism from H*-mediated reduction to PCET. By integrating the monolithic I1Cu4 single-atom electrode into a flow-through device for continuous NITRR and in situ ammonia recovery, an industrial-level current density of 1 A cm-2 was achieved along with a NH3 yield rate of 69.4 mg h-1 cm-2. This study offers reversed single-atom sites for electrochemical ammonia synthesis with nitrate wastewater and sheds light on the importance of switching catalytic mechanisms in improving the performance of electrochemical reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Environmental & Applied Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, People's Republic of China
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Yawen Tong
- School of Power and Mechanical Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China
| | - Yancai Yao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Weixing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Environmental & Applied Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangming Zhan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Zheng
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Hou
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang-Kui Gu
- School of Power and Mechanical Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China
| | - Lizhi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Environmental & Applied Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, People's Republic of China
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
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4
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Fan J, Arrazolo LK, Du J, Xu H, Fang S, Liu Y, Wu Z, Kim JH, Wu X. Effects of Ionic Interferents on Electrocatalytic Nitrate Reduction: Mechanistic Insight. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:12823-12845. [PMID: 38954631 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.4c03949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Nitrate, a prevalent water pollutant, poses substantial public health concerns and environmental risks. Electrochemical reduction of nitrate (eNO3RR) has emerged as an effective alternative to conventional biological treatments. While extensive lab work has focused on designing efficient electrocatalysts, implementation of eNO3RR in practical wastewater settings requires careful consideration of the effects of various constituents in real wastewater. In this critical review, we examine the interference of ionic species commonly encountered in electrocatalytic systems and universally present in wastewater, such as halogen ions, alkali metal cations, and other divalent/trivalent ions (Ca2+, Mg2+, HCO3-/CO32-, SO42-, and PO43-). Notably, we categorize and discuss the interfering mechanisms into four groups: (1) loss of active catalytic sites caused by competitive adsorption and precipitation, (2) electrostatic interactions in the electric double layer (EDL), including ion pairs and the shielding effect, (3) effects on the selectivity of N intermediates and final products (N2 or NH3), and (4) complications by the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and localized pH on the cathode surface. Finally, we summarize the competition among different mechanisms and propose future directions for a deeper mechanistic understanding of ionic impacts on eNO3RR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinling Fan
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Industrial Boiler & Furnace Flue Gas Pollution Control, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Leslie K Arrazolo
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
| | - Jiaxin Du
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Industrial Boiler & Furnace Flue Gas Pollution Control, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Huimin Xu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Industrial Boiler & Furnace Flue Gas Pollution Control, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Siyu Fang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Industrial Boiler & Furnace Flue Gas Pollution Control, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Liu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Industrial Boiler & Furnace Flue Gas Pollution Control, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongbiao Wu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Industrial Boiler & Furnace Flue Gas Pollution Control, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Jae-Hong Kim
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
| | - Xuanhao Wu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Industrial Boiler & Furnace Flue Gas Pollution Control, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China
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Xiong Y, Wang Y, Tsang CC, Zhou J, Hao F, Liu F, Wang J, Xi S, Zhao J, Fan Z. Metal Doped Unconventional Phase IrNi Nanobranches: Tunable Electrochemical Nitrate Reduction Performance and Pollutants Upcycling. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:10863-10873. [PMID: 38842426 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.4c04014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Electrochemical nitrate reduction (NO3RR) provides a new option to abate nitrate contamination with a low carbon footprint. Restricted by competitive hydrogen evolution, achieving satisfied nitrate reduction performance in neutral media is still a challenge, especially for the regulation of this multielectron multiproton reaction. Herein, facile element doping is adopted to tune the catalytic behavior of IrNi alloy nanobranches with an unconventional hexagonal close-packed (hcp) phase toward NO3RR. In particular, the obtained hcp IrNiCu nanobranches favor the ammonia production and suppress byproduct formation in a neutral electrolyte indicated by in situ differential electrochemical mass spectrometry, with a high Faradaic efficiency (FE) of 85.6% and a large yield rate of 1253 μg cm-2 h-1 at -0.4 and -0.6 V (vs reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE)), respectively. In contrast, the resultant hcp IrNiCo nanobranches promote the formation of nitrite, with a peak FE of 33.1% at -0.1 V (vs RHE). Furthermore, a hybrid electrolysis cell consisting of NO3RR and formaldehyde oxidation is constructed, which are both catalyzed by hcp IrNiCu nanobranches. This electrolyzer exhibits lower overpotential and holds the potential to treat polluted air and wastewater simultaneously, shedding light on green chemical production based on contaminate degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuecheng Xiong
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
- Hong Kong Branch of National Precious Metals Material Engineering Research Center (NPMM), City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Yunhao Wang
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Chi Ching Tsang
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Jingwen Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
- Hong Kong Branch of National Precious Metals Material Engineering Research Center (NPMM), City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Fengkun Hao
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Fu Liu
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Juan Wang
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Shibo Xi
- Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals, Energy and Environment, A*STAR, Singapore 627833, Singapore
| | - Jiong Zhao
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Zhanxi Fan
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
- Hong Kong Branch of National Precious Metals Material Engineering Research Center (NPMM), City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
- Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy (HKICE), City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
- City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518057, China
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6
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Hu L, Zhan G, Zhao L, Dai J, Zou X, Wang J, Hou W, Li H, Yao Y, Zhang L. Monodispersed and Organic Amine Modified La(OH) 3 Nanocrystals for Superior Advanced Phosphate Removal. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2400870. [PMID: 38615262 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202400870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
Advanced phosphate removal is critical for alleviating the serious and widespread aquatic eutrophication, strongly depending on the development of superior adsorption materials to overcome low chemical affinity and sluggish mass transfer at low phosphate concentrations. Herein, the first synthesis of monodispersed and organic amine modified lanthanum hydroxide nanocrystals (OA-La(OH)3) for advanced phosphate removal by modulating inner Helmholtz plane (IHP), is reported. These OA-La(OH)3 nanocrystals with positively charged surfaces and abundant exposed La sites exhibit specific affinity toward phosphate, delivering a maximum adsorption capacity of 168 mg P g⁻1 and a wide pH adaptability from 3.0 to 11.0, as well as a robust anti-interference performance, far surpassing those of documented phosphate removal materials. The superior phosphate removal performance of OA-La(OH)3 is attributed to its protonated organic amine in IHP, which enhances the electrostatic attraction around the adsorbent-solution interface. Impressively, OA-La(OH)3 can treat ≈5 000 and ≈3 200 bed volumes of simulated and real phosphate-containing wastewater to below extremely strict standard (0.1 mg L⁻1) in a fixed-bed adsorption mode, exhibiting great potential for advanced phosphate removal. This study offers a facile modification strategy to improve phosphate removal performance of nanoscale adsorbents, and sheds light on the structure-reactivity relationship of La-based materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lufa Hu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Guangming Zhan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Long Zhao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Jie Dai
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Xingyue Zou
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Jiaxian Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Wei Hou
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Hao Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Yancai Yao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Lizhi Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
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7
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Zhou Y, Zhang L, Zhu Z, Wang M, Li N, Qian T, Yan C, Lu J. Optimizing Intermediate Adsorption over PdM (M=Fe, Co, Ni, Cu) Bimetallene for Boosted Nitrate Electroreduction to Ammonia. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202319029. [PMID: 38449084 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202319029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Electrochemical reduction of nitrate to ammonia (NO3RR) is a promising and eco-friendly strategy for ammonia production. However, the sluggish kinetics of the eight-electron transfer process and poor mechanistic understanding strongly impedes its application. To unveil the internal laws, herein, a library of Pd-based bimetallene with various transition metal dopants (PdM (M=Fe, Co, Ni, Cu)) are screened to learn their structure-activity relationship towards NO3RR. The ultra-thin structure of metallene greatly facilitates the exposure of active sites, and the transition metals dopants break the electronic balance and upshift its d-band center, thus optimizing intermediates adsorption. The anisotropic electronic characteristics of these transition metals make the NO3RR activity in the order of PdCu>PdCo≈PdFe>PdNi>Pd, and a record-high NH3 yield rate of 295 mg h-1 mgcat -1 along with Faradaic efficiency of 90.9 % is achieved in neutral electrolyte on PdCu bimetallene. Detailed studies further reveal that the moderate N-species (*NO3 and *NO2) adsorption ability, enhanced *NO activation, and reduced HER activity facilitate the NH3 production. We believe our results will give a systematic guidance to the future design of NO3RR catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanbo Zhou
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Lifang Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, P. R. China
| | - Zebin Zhu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Mengfan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Core Technology of High Specific Energy Battery and Key Materials for Petroleum and Chemical Industry, College of Energy, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, P. R. China
| | - Najun Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Tao Qian
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, P. R. China
| | - Chenglin Yan
- Key Laboratory of Core Technology of High Specific Energy Battery and Key Materials for Petroleum and Chemical Industry, College of Energy, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, P. R. China
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164, P. R. China
| | - Jianmei Lu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
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8
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Liu Y, Zheng Y, Ren Y, Wang Y, You S, Liu M. Selective Nitrate Electroreduction to Ammonia on CNT Electrodes with Controllable Interfacial Wettability. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:7228-7236. [PMID: 38551367 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.4c01464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/24/2024]
Abstract
The development of electrocatalysts that can efficiently reduce nitrate (NO3-) to ammonia (NH3) has garnered increasing attention due to their potential to reduce carbon emissions and promote environmental protection. Intensive efforts have focused on catalyst development, but a thorough understanding of the effect of the microenvironment around the reactive sites of the catalyst is also crucial to maximize the performance of the electrocatalysts. This study explored an electrocatalytic system that utilized quaternary ammonium surfactants with a range of alkyl chain lengths to modify an electrode made of carbon nanotubes (CNT), with the goal of regulating interfacial wettability toward NO3- reduction. Trimethyltetradecylammonium bromide with a moderate alkyl chain length created a very hydrophobic interface, which led to a high selectivity in the production of NH3 (∼87%). Detailed mechanistic investigations that used operando Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and online differential electrochemical mass spectrometry (DEMS) revealed that the construction of a hydrophobic modified CNT played a synergistic role in suppressing a side reaction involving the generation of hydrogen, which would compete with the reduction of NO3-. This electrocatalytic system led to a favorable process for the reduction of NO3- to NH3 through a direct electron transfer pathway. Our findings underscore the significance of controlling the hydrophobic surface of electrocatalysts as an effective means to enhance electrochemical performance in aqueous media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanbiao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education), Dalian POCT Laboratory, School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Yiqing Zheng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Yifan Ren
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Ying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Shijie You
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Meng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education), Dalian POCT Laboratory, School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
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9
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Liu D, Wang W, Liu D, Gao Z, Wang W. Bubble Turbulent Gas-Permeable Membrane for Ammonia Recovery from Swine Wastewater: Mass Transfer Enhancement and Antifouling Mechanisms. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:6019-6029. [PMID: 38509821 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c07903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Recovering ammonium from swine wastewater employing a gas-permeable membrane (GM) has potential but suffers from the limitations of unattractive mass transfer and poor-tolerance antifouling properties. Turbulence is an effective approach to enhancing the release of volatile ammonia from wastewater while relying on interfacial disturbance to interfere with contaminant adhesion. Herein, we design an innovative gas-permeable membrane coupled with bubble turbulence (BT-GM) that enhances mass transfer while mitigating membrane fouling. Bubbles act as turbulence carriers to accelerate the release and migration of ammonia from the liquid phase, increasing the ammonia concentration gradient at the membrane-liquid interface. In comparison, the ammonium mass transfer rate of the BT-GM process applied to real swine wastewater is 38% higher than that of conventional GM (12 h). Through a computational fluid dynamics simulation, the turbulence kinetic energy of BT-GM system is 3 orders of magnitude higher than that of GM, and the effective mass transfer area is nearly 3 times that of GM. Seven batches of tests confirmed that the BT-GM system exhibits remarkable antifouling ability, broadens its adaptability to complex water quality, and practically promotes the development of sustainable resource recycling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongqing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenhui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongmei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, People's Republic of China
| | - Zibo Gao
- Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering, (Ministry of Education of China), Jilin University, Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China
- College of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, People's Republic of China
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10
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Xiong Y, Wang Y, Zhou J, Liu F, Hao F, Fan Z. Electrochemical Nitrate Reduction: Ammonia Synthesis and the Beyond. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2304021. [PMID: 37294062 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202304021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Natural nitrogen cycle has been severely disrupted by anthropogenic activities. The overuse of N-containing fertilizers induces the increase of nitrate level in surface and ground waters, and substantial emission of nitrogen oxides causes heavy air pollution. Nitrogen gas, as the main component of air, has been used for mass ammonia production for over a century, providing enough nutrition for agriculture to support world population increase. In the last decade, researchers have made great efforts to develop ammonia processes under ambient conditions to combat the intensive energy consumption and high carbon emission associated with the Haber-Bosch process. Among different techniques, electrochemical nitrate reduction reaction (NO3RR) can achieve nitrate removal and ammonia generation simultaneously using renewable electricity as the power, and there is an exponential growth of studies in this research direction. Here, a timely and comprehensive review on the important progresses of electrochemical NO3RR, covering the rational design of electrocatalysts, emerging CN coupling reactions, and advanced energy conversion and storage systems is provided. Moreover, future perspectives are proposed to accelerate the industrialized NH3 production and green synthesis of chemicals, leading to a sustainable nitrogen cycle via prosperous N-based electrochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuecheng Xiong
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, P. R. China
- Hong Kong Branch of National Precious Metals Material Engineering Research Center (NPMM), City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Yunhao Wang
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Jingwen Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, P. R. China
- Hong Kong Branch of National Precious Metals Material Engineering Research Center (NPMM), City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Fu Liu
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Fengkun Hao
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Zhanxi Fan
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, P. R. China
- Hong Kong Branch of National Precious Metals Material Engineering Research Center (NPMM), City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, P. R. China
- City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518057, P. R. China
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11
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Zhang H, Wang H, Cao X, Chen M, Liu Y, Zhou Y, Huang M, Xia L, Wang Y, Li T, Zheng D, Luo Y, Sun S, Zhao X, Sun X. Unveiling Cutting-Edge Developments in Electrocatalytic Nitrate-to-Ammonia Conversion. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2312746. [PMID: 38198832 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202312746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
The excessive enrichment of nitrate in the environment can be converted into ammonia (NH3) through electrochemical processes, offering significant implications for modern agriculture and the potential to reduce the burden of the Haber-Bosch (HB) process while achieving environmentally friendly NH3 production. Emerging research on electrocatalytic nitrate reduction (eNitRR) to NH3 has gained considerable momentum in recent years for efficient NH3 synthesis. However, existing reviews on nitrate reduction have primarily focused on limited aspects, often lacking a comprehensive summary of catalysts, reaction systems, reaction mechanisms, and detection methods employed in nitrate reduction. This review aims to provide a timely and comprehensive analysis of the eNitRR field by integrating existing research progress and identifying current challenges. This review offers a comprehensive overview of the research progress achieved using various materials in electrochemical nitrate reduction, elucidates the underlying theoretical mechanism behind eNitRR, and discusses effective strategies based on numerous case studies to enhance the electrochemical reduction from NO3 - to NH3. Finally, this review discusses challenges and development prospects in the eNitRR field with an aim to guide design and development of large-scale sustainable nitrate reduction electrocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoran Zhang
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Environmental Pollution Control, National Engineering Research Center for Marine Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, 316004, China
| | - Haijian Wang
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Environmental Pollution Control, National Engineering Research Center for Marine Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, 316004, China
| | - Xiqian Cao
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Environmental Pollution Control, National Engineering Research Center for Marine Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, 316004, China
| | - Mengshan Chen
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Environmental Pollution Control, National Engineering Research Center for Marine Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, 316004, China
| | - Yuelong Liu
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650092, China
| | - Yingtang Zhou
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Environmental Pollution Control, National Engineering Research Center for Marine Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, 316004, China
| | - Ming Huang
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610054, China
| | - Lu Xia
- ICFO-Institut de Ciències Fotòniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Castelldefels, Barcelona, 08860, Spain
| | - Yan Wang
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610054, China
| | - Tingshuai Li
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610054, China
| | - Dongdong Zheng
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong, 250014, China
| | - Yongsong Luo
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong, 250014, China
| | - Shengjun Sun
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong, 250014, China
| | - Xue Zhao
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650092, China
| | - Xuping Sun
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610054, China
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong, 250014, China
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12
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Liang S, Teng X, Xu H, Chen L, Shi J. H* Species Regulation by Mn-Co(OH) 2 for Efficient Nitrate Electro-reduction in Neutral Solution. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202400206. [PMID: 38253953 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202400206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
During the electrocatalytic NO3 - reduction reaction (NO3 - RR) under neutral condition, the activation of H2 O to generate H* and the inhibition of inter-H* species binding, are critically important but remain challenging for suppressing the non-desirable hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Here, a Mn-doped Co(OH)2 (named as Mn-Co(OH)2 ) has been synthesized by in situ reconstruction in the electrolyte, which is able to dissociate H2 O molecules but inhibits the binding of H* species between each other owing to the increased interatomic spacing by the Mn-doping. The Mn-Co(OH)2 electrocatalyst offers a faradaic efficiency (FE) of as high as 98.9±1.7% at -0.6 V vs. the reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE) and an energy efficiency (EE) of 49.90±1.03% for NH3 production by NO3 - RR, which are among the highest of the recently reported state-of-the-art catalysts in neutral electrolyte. Moreover, negligible degradation at -200 mA cm-2 has been found for at least 500 h, which is the longest catalytic durations ever reported. This work paves a novel approach for the design and synthesis of efficient NO3 - RR electrocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaozhen Liang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Molecular & Process Engineering, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, P. R. China
| | - Xue Teng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Molecular & Process Engineering, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, P. R. China
| | - Heng Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Molecular & Process Engineering, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, P. R. China
| | - Lisong Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Molecular & Process Engineering, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, P. R. China
- Institute of Eco-Chongming, Shanghai, 202162, P. R. China
| | - Jianlin Shi
- State Key Laboratory of High-Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructures, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, P. R. China
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13
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Liu L, Jia K, Su W, Zhao H, Huang Z, Wang G, Fan W, Zhang R, Bai H. Nitrate Reduction by NiFe-LDH/CeO 2: Understanding the Synergistic Effect between Dual-Metal Sites and Dual Adsorption. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:2756-2765. [PMID: 38252459 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c04266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Electrocatalytic nitrate reduction reaction (EC-NITRR) shows a significant advantage for green reuse of the nitrate (NO3-) pollutant. However, the slow diffusion reaction limits the reaction rate in practical EC-NITRR, causing an unsatisfactory ammonia (NH3) yield. In this work, a multifunctional NiFe-LDH/CeO2 with the dual adsorption effect (physisorption and chemisorption) and dual-metal sites (Ce3+ and Fe2+) was fabricated by the electrodeposition method. NiFe-LDH/CeO2 performed an expected ability of enrichment for NO3- through the pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetic models, and the polymetallic structure provided abundant sites for effective reaction of NO3-. At-0.6 V vs RHE, the ammonia (NH3) yield of NiFe-LDH/CeO2 reached 335.3 μg h-1 cm-2 and the selectivity of NH3 was 24.2 times that of NO2-. The nitrogen source of NH3 was confirmed by 15NO3- isotopic labeling. Therefore, this work achieved the recycling of the NO3- pollutant by synergy of enrichment and catalysis, providing an alternative approach for the recovery of NO3- from wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijing Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, P. R. China
| | - Kangkang Jia
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, P. R. China
| | - Wenyang Su
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, P. R. China
| | - Huaiquan Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, P. R. China
| | - Zhenzhen Huang
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Guanhua Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, P. R. China
| | - Weiqiang Fan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, P. R. China
| | - Rongxian Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, P. R. China
| | - Hongye Bai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, P. R. China
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14
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Zhang HB, Wang HF, Liu JB, Bi Z, Jin RF, Tian T. Anaerobic ammonium oxidation coupled to iron(III) reduction catalyzed by a lithoautotrophic nitrate-reducing iron(II) oxidizing enrichment culture. THE ISME JOURNAL 2024; 18:wrae149. [PMID: 39083023 PMCID: PMC11366258 DOI: 10.1093/ismejo/wrae149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024]
Abstract
The last two decades have seen nitrogen/iron-transforming bacteria at the forefront of new biogeochemical discoveries, such as anaerobic ammonium oxidation coupled to ferric iron reduction (feammox) and lithoautotrophic nitrate-reducing ferrous iron-oxidation (NRFeOx). These emerging findings continue to expand our knowledge of the nitrogen/iron cycle in nature and also highlight the need to re-understand the functional traits of the microorganisms involved. Here, as a proof-of-principle, we report compelling evidence for the capability of an NRFeOx enrichment culture to catalyze the feammox process. Our results demonstrate that the NRFeOx culture predominantly oxidizes NH4+ to nitrogen gas, by reducing both chelated nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA)-Fe(III) and poorly soluble Fe(III)-bearing minerals (γ-FeOOH) at pH 4.0 and 8.0, respectively. In the NRFeOx culture, Fe(II)-oxidizing bacteria of Rhodanobacter and Fe(III)-reducing bacteria of unclassified_Acidobacteriota coexisted. Their relative abundances were dynamically regulated by the supplemented iron sources. Metagenomic analysis revealed that the NRFeOx culture contained a complete set of denitrifying genes along with hao genes for ammonium oxidation. Additionally, numerous genes encoding extracellular electron transport-associated proteins or their homologs were identified, which facilitated the reduction of extracellular iron by this culture. More broadly, this work lightens the unexplored potential of specific microbial groups in driving nitrogen transformation through multiple pathways and highlights the essential role of microbial iron metabolism in the integral biogeochemical nitrogen cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Bin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education, China), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - He-Fei Wang
- National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center, Laboratory of Island Ecological Environment Protection, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Jia-Bo Liu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education, China), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Zhen Bi
- School of Environment Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Ruo-Fei Jin
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education, China), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Tian Tian
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education, China), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
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15
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Sun F, Gao Y, Li M, Wen Y, Fang Y, Meyer TJ, Shan B. Molecular Self-Assembly in Conductive Covalent Networks for Selective Nitrate Electroreduction to Ammonia. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:21491-21501. [PMID: 37733833 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c07320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical nitrate (NO3-) reduction in aqueous media provides a useful approach for ammonia (NH3) synthesis. While efforts are focused on developing catalysts, the local microenvironment surrounding the catalyst centers is of great importance for controlling electrocatalytic performance. Here, we demonstrate that a self-assembled molecular iron catalyst integrated in a free-standing conductive hydrogel is capable of selective production of NH3 from NO3- at efficiencies approaching unity. With the electrocatalytic hydrogel, the NH3 selectivity is consistently high under a range of negative biases, which results from the hydrophobicity increase of the polycarbazole-based electrode substrate. In mildly acidic media, proton reduction is suppressed by electro-dewetting of the hydrogel electrode, enhancing the selectivity of NO3- reduction. The electrocatalytic hydrogel is capable of continuous production of NH3 for at least 100 h with NH3 selectivity of ∼89 to 98% at high current densities. Our results highlight the role of constructing an internal hydrophobic surface for electrocatalysts in controlling selectivity in aqueous media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feiqing Sun
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yifan Gao
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Mengjie Li
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yingke Wen
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yanjie Fang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Thomas J Meyer
- Department of Chemistry, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Bing Shan
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Excited-State Materials of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310058, China
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16
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Zhuang Y, Li P, Shi B. NO 3- Promotes Nitrogen-Containing Disinfection Byproduct Formation in Corroded Iron Drinking Water Pipes. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:11251-11258. [PMID: 37459399 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c02507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen-containing disinfection byproducts (N-DBPs) are highly toxic DBPs in drinking water. Though, under normal conditions, NO3- could not directly participate in disinfection reactions to generate N-DBPs, here, we first found that NO3- could promote the formation of N-DBPs in corroded iron drinking water pipes. The coexistence of corrosion produced Fe(II) and iron oxides is a critical condition for the transformation of N species; meanwhile, most of the newly generated N-DBPs had aromatic fractions. The Fe-O-C bond formed between iron corrosion products and natural organic matter promoted electron transfer for the N transformation with pyrrolic N as the intermediate N species. Density functional calculation confirmed that the coexistence of Fe(II) and iron oxides effectively reduced the Gibbs free energy for NO3- reduction. ΔG of the key rate-determining step from NO* to NOH* decreased from 1.55 eV on FeOOH to 1.35 eV on Fe(II)+FeOOH. In addition, the large decrease of cell viability of the water samples from 74.3% to 45.4% further confirmed the formation of highly toxic N-DBPs. Thus, in a drinking water distribution system with corroded iron pipes, the low toxic NO3- may increase toxicity risks via N-DBP formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhuang
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Penglu Li
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Baoyou Shi
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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