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Chi Y, Zhang H, Chen S, Cheng Y, Zhang X, Jia D, Chen Q, Chen H, Wei T. Leafhopper salivary carboxylesterase suppresses JA-Ile synthesis to facilitate initial arbovirus transmission in rice phloem. PLANT COMMUNICATIONS 2024; 5:100939. [PMID: 38725245 DOI: 10.1016/j.xplc.2024.100939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
Plant jasmonoyl-L-isoleucine (JA-Ile) is a major defense signal against insect feeding, but whether or how insect salivary effectors suppress JA-Ile synthesis and thus facilitate viral transmission in the plant phloem remains elusive. Insect carboxylesterases (CarEs) are the third major family of detoxification enzymes. Here, we identify a new leafhopper CarE, CarE10, that is specifically expressed in salivary glands and is secreted into the rice phloem as a saliva component. Leafhopper CarE10 directly binds to rice jasmonate resistant 1 (JAR1) and promotes its degradation by the proteasome system. Moreover, the direct association of CarE10 with JAR1 clearly impairs JAR1 enzyme activity for conversion of JA to JA-Ile in an in vitro JA-Ile synthesis system. A devastating rice reovirus activates and promotes the co-secretion of virions and CarE10 via virus-induced vesicles into the saliva-storing salivary cavities of the leafhopper vector and ultimately into the rice phloem to establish initial infection. Furthermore, a virus-mediated increase in CarE10 secretion or overexpression of CarE10 in transgenic rice plants causes reduced levels of JAR1 and thus suppresses JA-Ile synthesis, promoting host attractiveness to insect vectors and facilitating initial viral transmission. Our findings provide insight into how the insect salivary protein CarE10 suppresses host JA-Ile synthesis to promote initial virus transmission in the rice phloem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunhua Chi
- Vector-borne Virus Research Center, Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Plant Virology, Institute of Plant Virology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Hongxiang Zhang
- Vector-borne Virus Research Center, Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Plant Virology, Institute of Plant Virology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Siyu Chen
- Vector-borne Virus Research Center, Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Plant Virology, Institute of Plant Virology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Yu Cheng
- Vector-borne Virus Research Center, Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Plant Virology, Institute of Plant Virology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Xiaofeng Zhang
- Vector-borne Virus Research Center, Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Plant Virology, Institute of Plant Virology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Dongsheng Jia
- Vector-borne Virus Research Center, Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Plant Virology, Institute of Plant Virology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Qian Chen
- Vector-borne Virus Research Center, Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Plant Virology, Institute of Plant Virology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Hongyan Chen
- Vector-borne Virus Research Center, Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Plant Virology, Institute of Plant Virology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Taiyun Wei
- Vector-borne Virus Research Center, Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Plant Virology, Institute of Plant Virology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China.
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Zhang H, Chi Y, Chen S, Lv X, Jia D, Chen Q, Wei T. Scavenging H 2O 2 of plant host by saliva catalase of leafhopper vector benefits viral transmission. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2024; 243:2368-2384. [PMID: 39075808 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024]
Abstract
Catalase (CAT) is the main reactive oxygen species (ROS)-scavenging enzyme in plants and insects. However, it remains elusive whether and how insect saliva CAT suppresses ROS-mediated plant defense, thereby promoting initial virus transmission by insect vectors. Here, we investigated how leafhopper Recilia dorsalis catalase (RdCAT) was secreted from insect salivary glands into rice phloem, and how it was perceived by rice chaperone NO CATALASE ACTIVITY1 (OsNCA1) to scavenge excessive H2O2 during insect-to-plant virus transmission. We found that the interaction of OsNCA1 with RdCAT activated its enzymatic activity to decompose H2O2 in rice plants during leafhopper feeding. However, initial insect feeding did not significantly change rice CATs transcripts. Knockout of OsNCA1 in transgenic lines decreased leafhopper feeding-activated CAT activity and caused higher H2O2 accumulation. A devastating rice reovirus activated RdCAT expression and promoted the cosecretion of virions and RdCAT into leafhopper salivary cavities and ultimately into the phloem. Virus-mediated increase of RdCAT secretion suppressed excessive H2O2, thereby promoting host attractiveness to insect vectors and initial virus transmission. Our findings provide insights into how insect saliva CAT is secreted and perceived by plant chaperones to suppress the early H2O2 burst during insect feeding, thereby facilitating viral transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxiang Zhang
- Vector-borne Virus Research Center, Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Plant Virology, Institute of Plant Virology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Yunhua Chi
- Vector-borne Virus Research Center, Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Plant Virology, Institute of Plant Virology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Siyu Chen
- Vector-borne Virus Research Center, Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Plant Virology, Institute of Plant Virology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Xinwei Lv
- Vector-borne Virus Research Center, Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Plant Virology, Institute of Plant Virology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Dongsheng Jia
- Vector-borne Virus Research Center, Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Plant Virology, Institute of Plant Virology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Qian Chen
- Vector-borne Virus Research Center, Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Plant Virology, Institute of Plant Virology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Taiyun Wei
- Vector-borne Virus Research Center, Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Plant Virology, Institute of Plant Virology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
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3
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Huang S, Wang C, Wang L, Li S, Wang T, Tao Z, Zhao Y, Ma J, Zhao M, Zhang X, Wang L, Xie C, Li P. Loss-of-function of LIGULELESS1 activates the jasmonate pathway and promotes maize resistance to corn leaf aphids. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2024. [PMID: 39145425 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.14451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 07/27/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
Corn leaf aphids (Rhopalosiphum maidis) are highly destructive pests of maize (Zea mays) that threaten growth and seed yield, but resources for aphid resistance are scarce. Here, we identified an aphid-resistant maize mutant, resistance to aphids 1 (rta1), which is allelic to LIGULELESS1 (LG1). We confirmed LG1's role in aphid resistance using the independent allele lg1-2, allelism tests and LG1 overexpression lines. LG1 interacts with, and increases the stability of ZINC-FINGER PROTEIN EXPRESSED IN INFLORESCENCE MERISTEM (ZIM1), a central component of the jasmonic acid (JA) signalling pathway, by disturbing its interaction with the F-box protein CORONATINE INSENSITIVE 1a (COI1a). Natural variation in the LG1 promoter was associated with aphid resistance among inbred lines. Moreover, a loss-of-function mutant in the LG1-related gene SPL8 in the dicot Arabidopsis thaliana conferred aphid resistance. This study revealed the aphid resistance mechanism of lg1, providing a theoretical basis and germplasm for breeding aphid-resistant crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijie Huang
- The National Key Engineering Lab of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, The School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
- Center for Crop Pest Detection and Control, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Chuanhong Wang
- The National Key Engineering Lab of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, The School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
- Center for Crop Pest Detection and Control, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Ling Wang
- The National Key Engineering Lab of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, The School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
- Center for Crop Pest Detection and Control, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Shuai Li
- The National Key Engineering Lab of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, The School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
- Center for Crop Pest Detection and Control, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Tengyue Wang
- The National Key Engineering Lab of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, The School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
- Center for Crop Pest Detection and Control, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Zhen Tao
- The National Key Engineering Lab of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, The School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
- Center for Crop Pest Detection and Control, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Yibing Zhao
- The National Key Engineering Lab of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, The School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
- Center for Crop Pest Detection and Control, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Jing Ma
- The National Key Engineering Lab of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, The School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
- Center for Crop Pest Detection and Control, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Mengjie Zhao
- The National Key Engineering Lab of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, The School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
- Center for Crop Pest Detection and Control, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Xinqiao Zhang
- The National Key Engineering Lab of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, The School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
- Center for Crop Pest Detection and Control, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Lei Wang
- The National Key Engineering Lab of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, The School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
- Center for Crop Pest Detection and Control, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Chuanxiao Xie
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Beijing, China
| | - Peijin Li
- The National Key Engineering Lab of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, The School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
- Center for Crop Pest Detection and Control, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
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Pavithran S, Murugan M, Mannu J, Sathyaseelan C, Balasubramani V, Harish S, Natesan S. Salivary gland transcriptomics of the cotton aphid Aphis gossypii and comparative analysis with other sap-sucking insects. ARCHIVES OF INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 116:e22123. [PMID: 38860775 DOI: 10.1002/arch.22123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Aphids are sap-sucking insects responsible for crop losses and a severe threat to crop production. Proteins in the aphid saliva are integral in establishing an interaction between aphids and plants and are responsible for host plant adaptation. The cotton aphid, Aphis gossypii (Hemiptera: Aphididae) is a major pest of Gossypium hirsutum. Despite extensive studies of the salivary proteins of various aphid species, the components of A. gossypii salivary glands are unknown. In this study, we identified 123,008 transcripts from the salivary gland of A. gossypii. Among those, 2933 proteins have signal peptides with no transmembrane domain known to be secreted from the cell upon feeding. The transcriptome includes proteins with more comprehensive functions such as digestion, detoxification, regulating host defenses, regulation of salivary glands, and a large set of uncharacterized proteins. Comparative analysis of salivary proteins of different aphids and other insects with A. gossypii revealed that 183 and 88 orthologous clusters were common in the Aphididae and non-Aphididae groups, respectively. The structure prediction for highly expressed salivary proteins indicated that most possess an intrinsically disordered region. These results provide valuable reference data for exploring novel functions of salivary proteins in A. gossypii with their host interactions. The identified proteins may help develop a sustainable way to manage aphid pests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanmugasundram Pavithran
- Department of Agricultural Entomology, Centre for Plant Protection Studies, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, India
| | - Marimuthu Murugan
- Department of Agricultural Entomology, Centre for Plant Protection Studies, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, India
| | - Jayakanthan Mannu
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology and Bioinformatics, Centre for Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, India
| | - Chakkarai Sathyaseelan
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology and Bioinformatics, Centre for Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, India
- Livestrong Cancer Institutes, Department of Oncology, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Venkatasamy Balasubramani
- Department of Agricultural Entomology, Centre for Plant Protection Studies, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, India
| | - Sankarasubramanian Harish
- Department of Plant Pathology, Centre for Plant Protection Studies, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, India
| | - Senthil Natesan
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology and Bioinformatics, Centre for Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, India
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Wang XJ, Li Q, Ye ZX, Huang HJ. A pipeline contributes to efficient identification of salivary proteins in short-headed planthopper, Epeurysa nawaii. Sci Rep 2024; 14:6225. [PMID: 38486094 PMCID: PMC10940699 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-56896-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Saliva, an oral secretion primarily originating from salivary glands (SGs), exert critical roles in the ongoing evolutionary interaction between insects and plants. However, identifying insect salivary components poses challenges due to the tiny size of insects, low secretion amounts, and the propensity for degradation after secretion. In this study, we developed a transcriptome-based approach to comprehensively analyze the salivary proteins of the short-headed planthopper, Epeurysa nawaii, a species with unique feeding habits on bamboo. A total of 165 salivary proteins were identified, with 114 secretory genes highly and specifically expressed in SGs. Consistent with most phloem-feeding insects, digestive enzymes, calcium-binding proteins, oxidoreductases, and a few previously reported salivary effectors were ubiquitously distributed in E. nawaii saliva. However, we also identified a substantial portion of salivary proteins exhibiting taxonomy specificity, including 60 E. nawaii-specific and 62 Delphacidae-specific proteins. These taxonomy-restricted proteins potentially play a role in insect adaptation to specific host plants. Our study provides an efficient pipeline for salivary protein identification and serves as a valuable resource for the functional characterization of effectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Jing Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Qiao Li
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Service, Technology Center of Wuhan Customs District, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhuang-Xin Ye
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Hai-Jian Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Service, Technology Center of Wuhan Customs District, Wuhan, China.
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6
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Bleau JR, Gaur N, Fu Y, Bos JIB. Unveiling the Slippery Secrets of Saliva: Effector Proteins of Phloem-Feeding Insects. MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS : MPMI 2024; 37:211-219. [PMID: 38148271 DOI: 10.1094/mpmi-10-23-0167-fi] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Phloem-feeding insects include many important agricultural pests that cause crop damage globally, either through feeding-related damage or upon transmission of viruses and microbes that cause plant diseases. With genetic crop resistances being limited to most of these pests, control relies on insecticides, which are costly and damaging to the environment and to which insects can develop resistance. Like other plant parasites, phloem-feeding insects deliver effectors inside their host plants to promote susceptibility, most likely by a combination of suppressing immunity and promoting nutrient availability. The recent emergence of the effector paradigm in plant-insect interactions is highlighted by increasing availability of effector repertoires for a range of species and a broadening of our knowledge concerning effector functions. Here, we focus on recent progress made toward identification of effector repertoires from phloem-feeding insects and developments in effector biology that will advance functional characterization studies. Importantly, identification of effector activities from herbivorous insects promises to provide new avenues toward development of crop protection strategies. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY 4.0 International license.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jade R Bleau
- Division of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD2 5DA, U.K
| | - Namami Gaur
- Division of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD2 5DA, U.K
| | - Yao Fu
- Division of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD2 5DA, U.K
| | - Jorunn I B Bos
- Division of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD2 5DA, U.K
- Cell and Molecular Sciences, The James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee, DD2 5DA, U.K
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Wu J, Zhang Y, Li F, Zhang X, Ye J, Wei T, Li Z, Tao X, Cui F, Wang X, Zhang L, Yan F, Li S, Liu Y, Li D, Zhou X, Li Y. Plant virology in the 21st century in China: Recent advances and future directions. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 66:579-622. [PMID: 37924266 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
Plant viruses are a group of intracellular pathogens that persistently threaten global food security. Significant advances in plant virology have been achieved by Chinese scientists over the last 20 years, including basic research and technologies for preventing and controlling plant viral diseases. Here, we review these milestones and advances, including the identification of new crop-infecting viruses, dissection of pathogenic mechanisms of multiple viruses, examination of multilayered interactions among viruses, their host plants, and virus-transmitting arthropod vectors, and in-depth interrogation of plant-encoded resistance and susceptibility determinants. Notably, various plant virus-based vectors have also been successfully developed for gene function studies and target gene expression in plants. We also recommend future plant virology studies in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianguo Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Ecological Pest Control of Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Vector-borne Virus Research Center, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Yongliang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience and Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Fangfang Li
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xiaoming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jian Ye
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Taiyun Wei
- State Key Laboratory for Ecological Pest Control of Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Vector-borne Virus Research Center, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Zhenghe Li
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xiaorong Tao
- Department of Plant Pathology, The Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Feng Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xianbing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience and Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Lili Zhang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Fei Yan
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Shifang Li
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yule Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Center for Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Dawei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience and Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xueping Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yi Li
- State Key Laboratory for Ecological Pest Control of Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Vector-borne Virus Research Center, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
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8
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An X, Gu Q, Wang J, Chang T, Zhang W, Wang JJ, Niu J. Insect-specific RNA virus affects the stylet penetration activity of brown citrus aphid (Aphis citricidus) to facilitate its transmission. INSECT SCIENCE 2024; 31:255-270. [PMID: 37358052 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.13242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
Sap-sucking insects often transmit plant viruses but also carry insect viruses, which infect insects but not plants. The impact of such insect viruses on insect host biology and ecology is largely unknown. Here, we identified a novel insect-specific virus carried by brown citrus aphid (Aphis citricidus), which we tentatively named Aphis citricidus picornavirus (AcPV). Phylogenetic analysis discovered a monophyletic cluster with AcPV and other unassigned viruses, suggesting that these viruses represent a new family in order Picornavirales. Systemic infection with AcPV triggered aphid antiviral immunity mediated by RNA interference, resulting in asymptomatic tolerance. Importantly, we found that AcPV was transmitted horizontally by secretion of the salivary gland into the feeding sites of plants. AcPV influenced aphid stylet behavior during feeding and increased the time required for intercellular penetration, thus promoting its transmission among aphids with plants as an intermediate site. The gene expression results suggested that this mechanism was linked with transcription of salivary protein genes and plant defense hormone signaling. Together, our results show that the horizontal transmission of AcPV in brown citrus aphids evolved in a manner similar to that of the circulative transmission of plant viruses by insect vectors, thus providing a new ecological perspective on the activity of insect-specific viruses found in aphids and improving the understanding of insect virus ecology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin An
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Academy of Agricultural Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qiaoying Gu
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Academy of Agricultural Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Academy of Agricultural Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Tengyu Chang
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Academy of Agricultural Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Academy of Agricultural Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jin-Jun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Academy of Agricultural Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jinzhi Niu
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Academy of Agricultural Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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9
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Yang L, Qin CY, Chen Y, Wang ZG, Chen RY, Niu J, Wang JJ. Fusion dsRNA in targeting salivary protein genes enhance the RNAi-based aphid control. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 197:105645. [PMID: 38072520 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2023.105645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
RNA interference (RNAi) is a promising tool for pest control and relies on sequence-specific gene silencing. Salivary proteins are cooperatively secreted into plants to guarantee the feeding of aphids; thus they have potential to develop as selective targets for RNAi-based pest control strategy. For this purpose, we firstly analyzed 18 salivary proteomes of various aphid species, and these salivary proteins can be mainly categorized into seven functional groups. Secondly, we created a work-flow for fusion dsRNA design that can target multiple genes but were selectively safe to beneficial insects. Based on this approach, seven fusion dsRNAs were designed to feed the green peach aphid, which induced a significant reduction in aphid fitness. Among them, ingestion of dsperoxidase induced the highest mortality in aphids, which was also significantly higher than that of traditional dsRNAs in targeting three peroxidases separately. In addition, dsperoxidase-fed green peach aphids triggered the highest H2O2 content of host plants as well as the attraction to natural enemies (ladybeetle and parasitic wasp) but repellent to other control aphids. Our results indicate that the fusion dsRNA design approach can improve aphid control capacity, and the fusion dsRNA targeting salivary protein-encoding genes can enhance the direct and indirect defenses of host plants, thus providing a new strategy for RNAi-based aphid control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Yang
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China; Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Cong-Yan Qin
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China; Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China; Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Zi-Guo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China; Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Ruo-Yu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China; Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Jinzhi Niu
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China; Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Jin-Jun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China; Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
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Kim H, Masuta C. VIGS as a strategy to reverse aphid wing induction by Y-satellite RNA of cucumber mosaic virus. FEBS Open Bio 2023; 13:2005-2019. [PMID: 37596957 PMCID: PMC10626274 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Y-satellite RNA (Y-sat) of cucumber mosaic virus upregulates the expression of the aphid ABCG4 gene, which promotes aphid wing formation. We used ABCG4 virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) to prevent the wing-induction mechanism of Y-sat and thus inhibited aphid wing formation. Of the aphids on plants with VIGS of ABCG4, only about 30% had wings, and 60-70% of the winged aphids were small and likely impaired in flying ability. In addition, we showed that double-stranded RNAs (dsRNAs) and small RNAs were transferred from the plant to the aphid to adequately silence aphid genes. Supplying ABCG4 dsRNA by VIGS to aphids is thus a potential strategy to inhibit aphid wing formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hangil Kim
- Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Chikara Masuta
- Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
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11
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Gutiérrez-Jara JP, Vogt-Geisse K, Correa MCG, Vilches-Ponce K, Pérez LM, Chowell G. Modeling the Impact of Agricultural Mitigation Measures on the Spread of Sharka Disease in Sweet Cherry Orchards. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3442. [PMID: 37836182 PMCID: PMC10575084 DOI: 10.3390/plants12193442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Sharka is a disease affecting stone fruit trees. It is caused by the Plum pox virus (PPV), with Myzus persicae being one of the most efficient aphid species in transmitting it within and among Prunus orchards. Other agricultural management strategies are also responsible for the spread of disease among trees, such as grafting and pruning. We present a mathematical model of impulsive differential equations to represent the dynamics of Sharka disease in the tree and vector population. We consider three transmission routes: grafting, pruning, and through aphid vectors. Grafting, pruning, and vector control occur as pulses at specific instants. Within the model, human risk perception towards disease influences these agricultural management strategies. Model results show that grafting with infected biological material has a significant impact on the spread of the disease. In addition, detecting infectious symptomatic and asymptomatic trees in the short term is critical to reduce disease spread. Furthermore, vector control to prevent aphid movement between trees is crucial for disease mitigation, as well as implementing awareness campaigns for Sharka disease in agricultural communities that provide a long-term impact on responsible pruning, grafting, and vector control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Pablo Gutiérrez-Jara
- Centro de Investigación de Estudios Avanzados del Maule (CIEAM), Vicerrectoría de Investigación y Postgrado, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca 3480112, Chile;
| | - Katia Vogt-Geisse
- Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Unidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Diagonal Las Torres 2640, Peñalolén, Santiago 7941169, Chile
| | - Margarita C. G. Correa
- Centro de Investigación de Estudios Avanzados del Maule (CIEAM), Vicerrectoría de Investigación y Postgrado, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca 3480112, Chile;
| | - Karina Vilches-Ponce
- Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Católica del Maule, Avenida San Miguel 3605, Talca 3480112, Chile;
| | - Laura M. Pérez
- Departamento de Física, Universidad de Tarapacá, Casilla 7D, Arica 1000000, Chile;
| | - Gerardo Chowell
- School of Public Health, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA;
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12
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Lin DJ, Zhang YX, Fang Y, Gao SJ, Wang R, Wang JD. The effect of chlorogenic acid, a potential botanical insecticide, on gene transcription and protein expression of carboxylesterases in the armyworm (Mythimna separata). PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 195:105575. [PMID: 37666601 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2023.105575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Chlorogenic acid (CGA) is a potential botanical insecticide metabolite that naturally occurs in various plants. Our previous studies revealed CGA is sufficient to control the armyworm Mythimna separata. In this study, we conducted a proteomic analysis of saliva collected from M. separata following exposure to CGA and found that differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) treated with CGA for 6 h and 24 h were primarily enriched in glutathione metabolism and the pentose phosphate pathway. Notably, we observed six carboxylesterase (CarE) proteins that were enriched at both time points. Additionally, these corresponding genes were expressed at levels 5.05 to 130.25 times higher in our laboratory-selected resistance strains. We also noted a significant increase in the enzyme activity of carboxylesterase following treatments with varying CGA concentrations. Finally, we confirmed that knockdown of MsCarE14, MsCarE28, and MsCCE001h decreased the susceptibility to CGA in resistance strain, indicating three CarE genes play crucial roles in CGA detoxification. This study presents the first report on the salivary proteomics of M. separata, offering valuable insights into the role of salivary proteins. Moreover, the determination of CarE mediated susceptibility change to CGA provides new targets for agricultural pest control and highlights the potential insecticide resistance mechanism for pest resistance management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Jiang Lin
- National Engineering Research Center for Sugarcane, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Ya-Xin Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center for Sugarcane, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yong Fang
- Hunan Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute, Hunan Academy of Agriculture Science, Changsha 410125, China
| | - San-Ji Gao
- National Engineering Research Center for Sugarcane, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Ran Wang
- Institute of Plant Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China.
| | - Jin-da Wang
- National Engineering Research Center for Sugarcane, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
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