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Wu YX, Li MJ, Liu Y, Guo M, Lan MN, Zheng HJ. ASPG and DAD1 are potential placental-derived biomarkers for ASD-like symptom severity levels in male/female offspring. Placenta 2024; 155:78-87. [PMID: 39154487 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2024.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Revised: 07/28/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION An early evaluating system for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) severity is crucial. Questionnaire survey is challenging for accurately assessing the severity levels for ASD in children. METHODS Offspring with ASD-like phenotypes were induced by treating pregnant mice with Poly (I:C) at GD12.5 and the placentae corresponding to the offspring were obtained by caesarean. The autism severity composite score (ASCS) for offspring was calculated through behavioral tests. HE staining and immunohistochemistry were used to observe the morphology of placenta. Candidate biomarkers were identified by weighted protein co-expression network analysis (WPCNA) combined with machine learning and further validated by ELISA. Sperman's was used to analyze the correlation between biomarkers and metabolome. RESULTS The placental weight and mean vascular area of male offspring with ASD-like phenotypes were significantly decreased compared with typical mice. According to the WPCNA, four modules were identified and significantly correlated with ASCS of offspring. Two biomarkers (ASPG and DAD1) with high correlation with ASCS in offspring were identified. DISCUSSION VEGF pathway may contribute to sexual dimorphism in placental morphology within mice with ASD-like phenotypes in term. The placental ASPG and DAD1 levels could reflect ASD-like symptom severity levels in male/female mice offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Xiao Wu
- Shanghai-MOST Key Laboratory of Health and Disease Genomics, NHC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation, Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Ming-Jie Li
- Shanghai-MOST Key Laboratory of Health and Disease Genomics, NHC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation, Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China; College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Yue Liu
- Shanghai-MOST Key Laboratory of Health and Disease Genomics, NHC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation, Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Min Guo
- Shanghai-MOST Key Laboratory of Health and Disease Genomics, NHC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation, Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Meng-Ning Lan
- Shanghai-MOST Key Laboratory of Health and Disease Genomics, NHC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation, Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Hua-Jun Zheng
- Shanghai-MOST Key Laboratory of Health and Disease Genomics, NHC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation, Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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Ikhlef L, Ratti N, Durand S, Formento R, Daverat H, Boutaud M, Guillou C, Dmytruk N, Gachard N, Cosette P, Jauberteau MO, Gallet PF. Extracellular vesicles from type-2 macrophages increase the survival of chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells ex vivo. Cancer Gene Ther 2024; 31:1164-1176. [PMID: 38918490 PMCID: PMC11327105 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-024-00802-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
The resistance of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) B-cells to cell death is mainly attributed to interactions within their microenvironment, where they interact with various types of cells. Within this microenvironment, CLL-B-cells produce and bind cytokines, growth factors, and extracellular vesicles (EVs). In the present study, EVs purified from nurse-like cells and M2-polarized THP1 cell (M2-THP1) cultures were added to CLL-B-cells cultures. EVs were rapidly internalized by B-cells, leading to a decrease in apoptosis (P = 0.0162 and 0.0469, respectively) and an increased proliferation (P = 0.0335 and 0.0109). Additionally, they induced an increase in the resistance of CLL-B-cells to Ibrutinib, the Bruton kinase inhibitor in vitro (P = 0.0344). A transcriptomic analysis showed an increase in the expression of anti-apoptotic gene BCL-2 (P = 0.0286) but not MCL-1 and an increase in the expression of proliferation-inducing gene APRIL (P = 0.0286) following treatment with EVs. Meanwhile, an analysis of apoptotic protein markers revealed increased amounts of IGFBP-2 (P = 0.0338), CD40 (P = 0.0338), p53 (P = 0.0219) and BCL-2 (P = 0.0338). Finally, exploration of EVs protein content by mass spectrometry revealed they carry various proteins involved in known oncogenic pathways and the RNAseq analysis of CLL-B-cells treated or not with NLCs EVs show various differentially expressed genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Léa Ikhlef
- University of Limoges, UMR INSERM 1308, CAPTuR, Limoges, France
| | - Nina Ratti
- University of Limoges, UMR INSERM 1308, CAPTuR, Limoges, France
| | | | - Rémy Formento
- University of Limoges, UMR INSERM 1308, CAPTuR, Limoges, France
| | - Héloïse Daverat
- University of Limoges, UMR INSERM 1308, CAPTuR, Limoges, France
| | - Marie Boutaud
- University of Limoges, UMR INSERM 1308, CAPTuR, Limoges, France
| | - Clément Guillou
- PISSARO Proteomics Platform, Mont-Saint-Aignan Campus, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | - Natalya Dmytruk
- Department of Clinical Hematology, University Hospital of Limoges, Limoges, France
| | - Nathalie Gachard
- Hematology laboratory, UMR CNRS7276/ INSERM 1262, University Hospital of Limoges, Limoges, France
| | - Pascal Cosette
- Polymers, Biopolymers, Surface Laboratory, UMR 6270 CNRS, Normandie University, UNIROUEN, INSA Rouen, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
- HeRacLeS-PISSARO, INSERM US 51, CNRS UAR 2026, Normandie University, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | - Marie-Odile Jauberteau
- University of Limoges, UMR INSERM 1308, CAPTuR, Limoges, France
- Immunology laboratory, University Hospital of Limoges, Limoges, France
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Ahmed MZ, Alqahtani AS. Cell surface expression of Ribophorin I, an endoplasmic reticulum protein, over different cell types. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 264:130278. [PMID: 38373565 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Ribophorin-1 serves as one of the subunits of the oligosaccharyltransferase (OST) complex located in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Until now, RPN-1 was considered an ER protein. However, our findings reveal that a minor fraction of RPN-1 escapes from the lumen of the ER and is ectopically expressed on the surface of different cell lines. The precise mechanism of protein translocation is unknown. The expression of RPN-1 was demonstrated through the isolation of membrane proteins using surface biotinylation and sucrose density gradient techniques. The confirmation of RPN-1 was obtained through surface staining using a specific antibody, revealing its expression on various cell lines. Additionally, we examined the expression of RPN-1 in different populations of PBMCs and observed a differential regulation of RPN-1 within PBMC subpopulations. Notably, there was a significant expression of RPN-1 on monocytes and B cells, but there was little to no population of T cells expressing RPN-1. We confirmed the expression of RPN-1 on THP-1, U937, and Jurkat cells. We also confirmed their surface expression through si-RNA knockdown. Our study shows RPN-1 expression on various cell surfaces, suggesting varied regulation among cell types. In the future, we may uncover its roles in immune function, signaling, and differentiation/proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Z Ahmed
- King Saud University College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ali S Alqahtani
- King Saud University College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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4
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Tang D, Yan Y, Li Y, Li Y, Tian J, Yang L, Ding H, Bashir G, Zhou H, Ding Q, Tao R, Zhang S, Wang Z, Wu S. Targeting DAD1 gene with CRISPR-Cas9 system transmucosally delivered by fluorinated polylysine nanoparticles for bladder cancer intravesical gene therapy. Theranostics 2024; 14:203-219. [PMID: 38164146 PMCID: PMC10750211 DOI: 10.7150/thno.88550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Intravesical chemotherapy is highly recommended after transurethral resection of bladder tumor for patients with bladder cancer (BCa). However, this localized adjuvant therapy has drawbacks of causing indiscriminate damage and inability to penetrate bladder mucosal. Methods: Fluorinated polylysine micelles (PLLF) were synthesized by reacting polylysine (PLL) with heptafluorobutyrate anhydride. Anti-apoptotic gene defender against cell death 1 (DAD1) was selected by different gene expression analysis between BCa patients and healthy individuals and identified by several biological function assays. The gene transfection ability of PLLF was verified by multiple in vitro and in vivo assays. The therapeutic efficiency of PLLF nanoparticles (NPs) targeting DAD1 were confirmed by intravesical administration using an orthotopic BCa mouse model. Results: Decorated with fluorinated chains, PLL can self-assemble to form NPs and condense plasmids with excellent gene transfection efficiency in vitro. Loading with the CRISPR-Cas9 system designed to target DAD1 (Cas9-sgDAD1), PLLF/Cas9-sgDAD1 NPs strongly inhibited the expression of DAD1 in BCa cells and induced BCa cell apoptosis through the MAPK signaling pathway. Furthermore, intravesical administration of PLLF/Cas9-sgDAD1 NPs resulted in significant therapeutic outcomes without systemic toxicity in vivo. Conclusion: The synthetized PLLF can transmucosally deliver the CRISPR-Cas9 system into orthotopic BCa tissues to improve intravesical instillation therapy for BCa. This work presents a new strategy for targeting DAD1 gene in the intravesical therapy for BCa with high potential for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongdong Tang
- Department of Urology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, China
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University (Luohu Hospital Group), Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518000, China
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Yang Yan
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University (Luohu Hospital Group), Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518000, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Yangyang Li
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University (Luohu Hospital Group), Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Yuqing Li
- Department of Urology, South China Hospital, Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Junqiang Tian
- Department of Urology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Li Yang
- Department of Urology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Hui Ding
- Department of Urology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Ghassan Bashir
- Department of Urology, South China Hospital, Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Houhong Zhou
- Department of Urology, South China Hospital, Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Qiuxia Ding
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University (Luohu Hospital Group), Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Ran Tao
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University (Luohu Hospital Group), Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Shaohua Zhang
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University (Luohu Hospital Group), Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518000, China
- Department of Urology, South China Hospital, Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Zhiping Wang
- Department of Urology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Song Wu
- Department of Urology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, China
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University (Luohu Hospital Group), Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518000, China
- Department of Urology, South China Hospital, Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518000, China
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Biomarkers for Early Detection, Prognosis, and Therapeutics of Esophageal Cancers. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043316. [PMID: 36834728 PMCID: PMC9968115 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Esophageal cancer (EC) is the deadliest cancer worldwide, with a 92% annual mortality rate per incidence. Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) are the two major types of ECs, with EAC having one of the worst prognoses in oncology. Limited screening techniques and a lack of molecular analysis of diseased tissues have led to late-stage presentation and very low survival durations. The five-year survival rate of EC is less than 20%. Thus, early diagnosis of EC may prolong survival and improve clinical outcomes. Cellular and molecular biomarkers are used for diagnosis. At present, esophageal biopsy during upper endoscopy and histopathological analysis is the standard screening modality for both ESCC and EAC. However, this is an invasive method that fails to yield a molecular profile of the diseased compartment. To decrease the invasiveness of the procedures for diagnosis, researchers are proposing non-invasive biomarkers for early diagnosis and point-of-care screening options. Liquid biopsy involves the collection of body fluids (blood, urine, and saliva) non-invasively or with minimal invasiveness. In this review, we have critically discussed various biomarkers and specimen retrieval techniques for ESCC and EAC.
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Luo Y, Wu Y, Huang H, Yi N, Chen Y. Emerging role of BAD and DAD1 as potential targets and biomarkers in cancer. Oncol Lett 2021; 22:811. [PMID: 34671425 PMCID: PMC8503815 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.13072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
As key regulators of apoptosis, BAD and defender against apoptotic cell death 1 (DAD1) are associated with cancer initiation and progression. Multiple studies have demonstrated that BAD and DAD1 serve critical roles in several types of cancer and perform various functions, such as participating in cellular apoptosis, invasion and chemosensitivity, as well as their role in diagnostic/prognostic judgement, etc. Investigating the detailed mechanisms of the cancerous effects of the two proteins will contribute to enriching the options for targeted therapy, and may improve clinical treatment of cancer. The present review summarizes research advances regarding the associations of BAD and DAD1 with cancer, and a hypothesis on the feasible relationship and interaction mechanism between the two proteins is proposed. Furthermore, the present review highlights the potential of the two proteins as therapeutic targets and valuable diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulou Luo
- First Clinical Medical College, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region 830054, P.R. China
| | - You Wu
- Nursing College, Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou, Shandong 264003, P.R. China
| | - Hai Huang
- First Clinical Medical College, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region 830054, P.R. China
| | - Na Yi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region 830017, P.R. China
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region 830017, P.R. China
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7
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Kuo EY, Lee TM. Molecular Mechanisms Underlying the Acclimation of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii Against Nitric Oxide Stress. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:690763. [PMID: 34421944 PMCID: PMC8374494 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.690763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The acclimation mechanism of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii to nitric oxide (NO) was studied by exposure to S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine (SNAP), a NO donor. Treatment with 0.1 or 0.3 mM SNAP transiently inhibited photosynthesis within 1 h, followed by a recovery, while 1.0 mM SNAP treatment caused irreversible photosynthesis inhibition and mortality. The SNAP effects are avoided in the presence of the NO scavenger, 2-(4-carboxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-l-oxyl-3-oxide (cPTIO). RNA-seq, qPCR, and biochemical analyses were conducted to decode the metabolic shifts under NO stress by exposure to 0.3 mM SNAP in the presence or absence of 0.4 mM cPTIO. These findings revealed that the acclimation to NO stress comprises a temporally orchestrated implementation of metabolic processes: (1). modulation of NADPH oxidase (respiratory burst oxidase-like 2, RBOL2) and ROS signaling pathways for downstream mechanism regulation, (2). trigger of NO scavenging elements to reduce NO level; (3). prevention of photo-oxidative risk through photosynthesis inhibition and antioxidant defense system induction; (4). acclimation to nitrogen and sulfur shortage; (5). attenuation of transcriptional and translational activity together with degradation of damaged proteins through protein trafficking machinery (ubiquitin, SNARE, and autophagy) and molecular chaperone system for dynamic regulation of protein homeostasis. In addition, the expression of the gene encoding NADPH oxidase, RBOL2, showed a transient increase while that of RBOL1 was slightly decreased after NO challenge. It reflects that NADPH oxidase, a regulator in ROS-mediated signaling pathway, may be involved in the responses of Chlamydomonas to NO stress. In conclusion, our findings provide insight into the molecular events underlying acclimation mechanisms in Chlamydomonas to NO stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva YuHua Kuo
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Tse-Min Lee
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Doctoral Degree Program in Marine Biotechnology, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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8
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Huang W, Liao CC, Han Y, Lv J, Lei M, Li Y, Lv Q, Dong D, Zhang S, Pan YH, Luo J. Co-activation of Akt, Nrf2, and NF-κB signals under UPR ER in torpid Myotis ricketti bats for survival. Commun Biol 2020; 3:658. [PMID: 33177645 PMCID: PMC7658203 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-020-01378-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Bats hibernate to survive stressful conditions. Examination of whole cell and mitochondrial proteomes of the liver of Myotis ricketti revealed that torpid bats had endoplasmic reticulum unfolded protein response (UPRER), global reduction in glycolysis, enhancement of lipolysis, and selective amino acid metabolism. Compared to active bats, torpid bats had higher amounts of phosphorylated serine/threonine kinase (p-Akt) and UPRER markers such as PKR-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK) and activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4). Torpid bats also had lower amounts of the complex of Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1), nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), and nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) (p65)/I-κBα. Cellular redistribution of 78 kDa glucose-regulated protein (GRP78) and reduced binding between PERK and GRP78 were also seen in torpid bats. Evidence of such was not observed in fasted, cold-treated, or normal mice. These data indicated that bats activate Akt, Nrf2, and NF-κB via the PERK-ATF4 regulatory axis against endoplasmic reticulum stresses during hibernation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Huang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Chen-Chung Liao
- Proteomics Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, 11221, Taiwan
| | - Yijie Han
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Junyan Lv
- Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics (Ministry of Education and Shanghai), Institute of Brain Functional Genomics, School of Life Sciences and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Ming Lei
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Yangyang Li
- Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics (Ministry of Education and Shanghai), Institute of Brain Functional Genomics, School of Life Sciences and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Qingyun Lv
- Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics (Ministry of Education and Shanghai), Institute of Brain Functional Genomics, School of Life Sciences and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Dong Dong
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Shuyi Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Yi-Husan Pan
- Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics (Ministry of Education and Shanghai), Institute of Brain Functional Genomics, School of Life Sciences and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China.
| | - Jian Luo
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China.
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9
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He CH, Lee CG, Ma B, Kamle S, Choi AMK, Elias JA. N-Glycosylation Regulates Chitinase 3-like-1 and IL-13 Ligand Binding to IL-13 Receptor α2. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2020; 63:386-395. [PMID: 32402213 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2019-0446oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Chitinase 3-like-1 (Chi3l1) and IL-13 are both ligands of IL-13 receptor α2 (IL-13Rα2). The binding of the former activates mitogen-activated protein kinase, AKT, and Wnt/β-catenin signaling, and plays important roles in innate and adaptive immunity, cellular apoptosis, oxidative injury, allergic inflammation, tumor metastasis and wound healing, fibrosis, and repair in the lung. In contrast, the latter binding is largely a decoy event that diminishes the effects of IL-13. Here, we demonstrate that IL-13Rα2 N-glycosylation is a critical determinant of which ligand binds. Structure-function evaluations demonstrated that Chi3l1-IL-13Rα2 binding was increased when sites of N-glycosylation are mutated, and studies with tunicamycin and Peptide:N-glycosidase F (PNGase F) demonstrated that Chi3l1-IL-13Rα2 binding and signaling were increased when N-glycosylation was diminished. In contrast, structure-function experiments demonstrated that IL-13 binding to IL-13Rα2 was dependent on each of the four sites of N-glycosylation in IL-13Rα2, and experiments with tunicamycin and PNGase F demonstrated that IL-13-IL-13Rα2 binding was decreased when IL-13Rα2 N-glycosylation was diminished. Studies with primary lung epithelial cells also demonstrated that Chi3l1 inhibited, whereas IL-13 stimulated, N-glycosylation as evidenced by the ability of Chi3l1 to inhibit and IL-13 to stimulate the subunits of the oligosaccharide complex A and B (STT3A and STT3B). These studies demonstrate that N-glycosylation is a critical determinant of Chi3l1 and IL-13 binding to IL-13Rα2, and highlight the ability of Chi3l1 and IL-13 to alter key elements of the N-glycosylation apparatus in a manner that would augment their respective binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan Hua He
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology and
| | - Chun Geun Lee
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology and
| | - Bing Ma
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology and
| | | | - Augustine M K Choi
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Jack A Elias
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology and.,Department of Medicine, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island; and
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10
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Wang X, Shen X, Weil BR, Young RF, Canty JM, Qu J. Quantitative proteomic and phosphoproteomic profiling of ischemic myocardial stunning in swine. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2020; 318:H1256-H1271. [PMID: 32223553 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00713.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Despite decades of research on the pathophysiology of myocardial stunning, protein changes and/or phosphorylation status underlying alterations in cardiac function/structure remain inadequately understood. Here, we utilized comprehensive and quantitative proteomic and phosphoproteomic approaches to explore molecular mechanisms of myocardial stunning in swine. The closed-chest swine (n = 5 pigs) were subjected to a 10-min left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) occlusion producing regional myocardial stunning. Tissues from the ischemic LAD region and a remote nonischemic area of the left ventricle were collected 1 h after reperfusion. Ion current-based proteomics (IonStar) and quantitative phosphoproteomics were employed in parallel to identify alterations in protein level and site-specific phosphorylation changes. A novel swine heart protein database exhibiting high accuracy and low redundancy was developed here to facilitate comprehensive study. Further informatic investigations identified potential protein-protein interactions in stunned myocardium. In total, we quantified 2,099 protein groups and 4,699 phosphorylation sites with only 0.4% missing values. Proteomic analyses revealed downregulation of contractile function and extracellular matrix remodeling. Meanwhile, alterations in phosphorylation linked with contractile dysfunction and apoptotic cell death were uncovered. NetworKIN/STRING analysis predicted regulatory kinases responsible for altered phosphosites, such as protein kinase C-mediated phosphorylation of cardiac troponin I-S199 and CaMKII-mediated phosphorylation of phospholamban-T17. In summary, the ion current-based proteomics and phosphoproteomics reliably identified novel alterations in protein content and phosphorylation contributing to contractile dysfunction, extracellular matrix (ECM) damage, and programmed cell death in stunned myocardium, which corroborate well with our physiological observations. Moreover, this work developed a comprehensive database of the swine heart proteome, a highly valuable resource for future translational research in porcine models with cardiovascular diseases.NEW & NOTEWORTHY We first used ion current-based proteomics and phosphoproteomics to reliably identify novel alterations in protein expression and phosphorylation contributing to contractile dysfunction, extracellular matrix (ECM) damage, and programmed cell death in stunned myocardium and developed a comprehensive swine heart-specific proteome database, which provides a valuable resource for future research in porcine models of cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Wang
- Department of Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York.,New York State Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics and Life Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York
| | - Xiaomeng Shen
- New York State Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics and Life Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York.,Department of Biochemistry, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York
| | - Brian R Weil
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York
| | - Rebeccah F Young
- Clinical and Translational Research Center, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York.,Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York
| | - John M Canty
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York.,Veterans Affairs Western New York Healthcare System, Buffalo, New York.,Clinical and Translational Research Center, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York.,Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York
| | - Jun Qu
- Department of Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York.,New York State Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics and Life Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York.,Department of Biochemistry, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York
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11
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Zhou Z, Li Y, Kuang M, Wang X, Jia Q, Cao J, Hu J, Wu S, Wang Z, Xiao J. The CD24 + cell subset promotes invasion and metastasis in human osteosarcoma. EBioMedicine 2020; 51:102598. [PMID: 31901872 PMCID: PMC6948162 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.102598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2018] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteosarcoma is the most common primary aggressive bone tumor affecting children and young adolescents. Metastases are often resistant to conventional chemotherapy and mean short-term survival. Development of valuable diagnostic indicators and targeting agents will have important implications for clinical diagnosis by the identification and characterization of molecules that contribute to its aggressive behavior. METHODS We examined differential expression levels of common stem cell markers in osteosarcoma parental and sphere cells. In addition, we further analyzed the changes of candidate common stem cell markers before and after in vitro chemotherapy of osteosarcoma cells. The biological functions of CD24+ subpopulation in osteosarcoma such as proliferation, migration, invasion, tumorigenesis and metastasis were systematically investigated, and the correlations of CD24 levels with prognosis in patients with osteosarcoma were analyzed. FINDINGS CD24+ Cells presented characteristics of TICs and resist drug-induced apoptosis. The prevention of tumor formation and metastasis by CD24 knockdown highlights the potential of CD24 as a therapeutic target for osteosarcoma. Moreover, the levels of CD24 in osteosarcoma samples were significantly correlated with the prognosis of patients. INTERPRETATION CD24+ cell subset played an important role in osteosarcoma invasion and metastasis. FUNDING National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.81772857); Shanghai Science and Technology Commission (18140902000); Shanghai Municipal Health Commission (2017ZZ01017; 17411950301).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhua Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedic Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University (The Second Military Medical University), Shanghai, 200003,China
| | - Yan Li
- Cancer Institute, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032,China
| | - Muyu Kuang
- Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai,200040, China
| | - Xudong Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University (The Second Military Medical University), Shanghai, 200003,China
| | - Qi Jia
- Department of Orthopaedic Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University (The Second Military Medical University), Shanghai, 200003,China
| | - Jiashi Cao
- Department of Orthopaedic Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University (The Second Military Medical University), Shanghai, 200003,China
| | - Jingjing Hu
- Clinical Research Center, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University (The Second Military Medical University), Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Sujia Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Region, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210002, China
| | - Zhiwei Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University (The Second Military Medical University), Shanghai, 200433, China.
| | - Jianru Xiao
- Department of Orthopaedic Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University (The Second Military Medical University), Shanghai, 200003,China.
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12
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Harada Y, Ohkawa Y, Kizuka Y, Taniguchi N. Oligosaccharyltransferase: A Gatekeeper of Health and Tumor Progression. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20236074. [PMID: 31810196 PMCID: PMC6929149 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20236074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Oligosaccharyltransferase (OST) is a multi-span membrane protein complex that catalyzes the addition of glycans to selected Asn residues within nascent polypeptides in the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum. This process, termed N-glycosylation, is a fundamental post-translational protein modification that is involved in the quality control, trafficking of proteins, signal transduction, and cell-to-cell communication. Given these crucial roles, N-glycosylation is essential for homeostasis at the systemic and cellular levels, and a deficiency in genes that encode for OST subunits often results in the development of complex genetic disorders. A growing body of evidence has also demonstrated that the expression of OST subunits is cell context-dependent and is frequently altered in malignant cells, thus contributing to tumor cell survival and proliferation. Importantly, a recently developed inhibitor of OST has revealed this enzyme as a potential target for the treatment of incurable drug-resistant tumors. This review summarizes our current knowledge regarding the functions of OST in the light of health and tumor progression, and discusses perspectives on the clinical relevance of inhibiting OST as a tumor treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoichiro Harada
- Department of Glyco-Oncology and Medical Biochemistry, Osaka International Cancer Institute, 3-1-69 Otemae, Chuo-ku, Osaka 541-8567, Japan; (Y.H.); (Y.O.)
| | - Yuki Ohkawa
- Department of Glyco-Oncology and Medical Biochemistry, Osaka International Cancer Institute, 3-1-69 Otemae, Chuo-ku, Osaka 541-8567, Japan; (Y.H.); (Y.O.)
| | - Yasuhiko Kizuka
- Center for Highly Advanced Integration of Nano and Life Sciences (G-CHAIN), Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan;
| | - Naoyuki Taniguchi
- Department of Glyco-Oncology and Medical Biochemistry, Osaka International Cancer Institute, 3-1-69 Otemae, Chuo-ku, Osaka 541-8567, Japan; (Y.H.); (Y.O.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-6-6945-1181
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13
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Kanaki N, Matsuda A, Dejima K, Murata D, Nomura KH, Ohkura T, Gengyo-Ando K, Yoshina S, Mitani S, Nomura K. UDP-N-acetylglucosamine-dolichyl-phosphate N-acetylglucosaminephosphotransferase is indispensable for oogenesis, oocyte-to-embryo transition, and larval development of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Glycobiology 2019; 29:163-178. [PMID: 30445613 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwy104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
N-linked glycosylation of proteins is the most common post-translational modification of proteins. The enzyme UDP-N-acetylglucosamine-dolichyl-phosphate N-acetylglucosaminephosphotransferase (DPAGT1) catalyses the first step of N-glycosylation, and DPAGT1 knockout is embryonic lethal in mice. In this study, we identified the sole orthologue (algn-7) of the human DPAGT1 in the nematode C. elegans. The gene activity was disrupted by RNAi and deletion mutagenesis, which resulted in larval lethality, defects in oogenesis and oocyte-to-embryo transition. Endomitotic oocytes, abnormal fusion of pronuclei, abnormal AB cell rotation, disruption of permeation barriers of eggs, and abnormal expression of chitin and chitin synthase in oocytes and eggs were the typical phenotypes observed. The results indicate that N-glycosylation is indispensable for these processes. We further screened an N-glycosylated protein database of C. elegans, and identified 456 germline-expressed genes coding N-glycosylated proteins. By examining RNAi phenotypes, we identified five germline-expressed genes showing similar phenotypes to the algn-7 (RNAi) animals. They were ribo-1, stt-3, ptc-1, ptc-2, and vha-19. We identified known congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) genes (ribo-1 and stt-3) and a recently found CDG gene (vha-19). The results show that phenotype analyses using the nematode could be a powerful tool to detect new CDG candidate genes and their associated gene networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanako Kanaki
- Department of Systems Life Sciences, Kyushu University Graduate School, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Ayako Matsuda
- Department of Systems Life Sciences, Kyushu University Graduate School, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Katsufumi Dejima
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.,Department of Physiology, Tokyo Women's Medical University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daisuke Murata
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kazuko H Nomura
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takashi Ohkura
- Department of Reproductive Biology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiko Gengyo-Ando
- Department of Physiology, Tokyo Women's Medical University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sawako Yoshina
- Department of Physiology, Tokyo Women's Medical University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shohei Mitani
- Department of Physiology, Tokyo Women's Medical University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuya Nomura
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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14
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Rodriguez CM, Chun SY, Mills RE, Todd PK. Translation of upstream open reading frames in a model of neuronal differentiation. BMC Genomics 2019; 20:391. [PMID: 31109297 PMCID: PMC6528255 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-019-5775-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Upstream open reading frames (uORFs) initiate translation within mRNA 5' leaders, and have the potential to alter main coding sequence (CDS) translation on transcripts in which they reside. Ribosome profiling (RP) studies suggest that translating ribosomes are pervasive within 5' leaders across model systems. However, the significance of this observation remains unclear. To explore a role for uORF usage in a model of neuronal differentiation, we performed RP on undifferentiated and differentiated human neuroblastoma cells. RESULTS Using a spectral coherence algorithm (SPECtre), we identify 4954 consistently translated uORFs across 31% of all neuroblastoma transcripts. These uORFs predominantly utilize non-AUG initiation codons and exhibit translational efficiencies (TE) comparable to annotated coding regions. On a population basis, the global impact of both AUG and non-AUG initiated uORFs on basal CDS translation were small, even when analysis is limited to conserved and consistently translated uORFs. However, uORFs did alter the translation of a subset of genes, including the Diamond-Blackfan Anemia associated ribosomal gene RPS24. With retinoic acid induced differentiation, we observed an overall positive correlation in translational shifts between uORF/CDS pairs. However, CDSs downstream of uORFs show smaller shifts in TE with differentiation relative to CDSs without a predicted uORF, suggesting that uORF translation buffers cell state dependent fluctuations in CDS translation. CONCLUSION This work provides insights into the dynamic relationships and potential regulatory functions of uORF/CDS pairs in a model of neuronal differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin M Rodriguez
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Sang Y Chun
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Ryan E Mills
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
| | - Peter K Todd
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
- VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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15
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Guo J, Cui L, Lu Q, Zhang Y, Liu Q, Wang X, Wang Y, Liu Z, Yuan Z, Dai M. Cyadox regulates the transcription of different genes by activation of the PI3K signaling pathway in porcine primary hepatocytes. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:7623-7634. [PMID: 30417433 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Cyadox, a new derivative of quinoxalines, has been ascertained as an antibiotic with significant growth promoting, low poison, quick absorption, swift elimination, brief residual period, and noncumulative effect. Seven differential expressed genes, including Insulin-like Growth Factor-1 ( IGF-1), Epidermal Growth Factor ( EGF), Poly ADP-ribose polymerase ( PARP), the Defender Against Apoptotic Death 1 ( DAD1), Complement Component 3 ( C3), Transketolase ( TK) and a New gene, were induced by cyadox in swine liver tissues by messenger RNA differential display reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (DDRT-PCR) in our laboratory. However, the signal mechanism that cyadox altered these genes expression is not completely elucidated. The signaling pathways involved in the expressions of seven genes induced by cyadox were determined in porcine primary hepatocytes by RT-qPCR and the application of various signal pathway inhibitors. 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay revealed that cyadox could stimulate proliferation of porcine primary hepatocytes in a time-dependent manner. In porcine primary cultured hepatocytes, phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signal pathways were the main signal pathways involved in the expressions of seven genes induced by cyadox. Taken together, these results demonstrate for the first time that seven cyadox-related genes expressions in porcine primary hepatocytes treated with cyadox are mediated mainly through the PI3K signaling pathway, potentially leading to enhanced cell growth and cell immunity. EGF might be the early response gene of cyadox, and a primary regulator of the other gene expressions such as IGF-1 and DAD1, playing an important role in cell proliferation promoted by cyadox.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Guo
- MOA Key Laboratory of Food Safety Evaluation/National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residue (HZAU), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Luqing Cui
- MOA Key Laboratory of Food Safety Evaluation/National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residue (HZAU), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qirong Lu
- MOA Key Laboratory of Food Safety Evaluation/National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residue (HZAU), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yinfeng Zhang
- MOA Key Laboratory of Food Safety Evaluation/National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residue (HZAU), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qianying Liu
- MOA Key Laboratory of Food Safety Evaluation/National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residue (HZAU), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xu Wang
- MOA Key Laboratory of Food Safety Evaluation/National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residue (HZAU), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yulian Wang
- MOA Key Laboratory of Food Safety Evaluation/National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residue (HZAU), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhenli Liu
- MOA Key Laboratory of Food Safety Evaluation/National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residue (HZAU), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zonghui Yuan
- MOA Key Laboratory of Food Safety Evaluation/National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residue (HZAU), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Menghong Dai
- MOA Key Laboratory of Food Safety Evaluation/National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residue (HZAU), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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16
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Yan Q, Si J, Cui X, Peng H, Jing M, Chen X, Xing H, Dou D. GmDAD1, a Conserved Defender Against Cell Death 1 ( DAD1) From Soybean, Positively Regulates Plant Resistance Against Phytophthora Pathogens. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:107. [PMID: 30800138 PMCID: PMC6376896 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Initially identified as a mammalian apoptosis suppressor, defender against apoptotic death 1 (DAD1) protein has conserved plant orthologs acting as negative regulators of cell death. The potential roles and action mechanisms of plant DADs in resistance against Phytophthora pathogens are still unknown. Here, we cloned GmDAD1 from soybean and performed functional dissection. GmDAD1 expression can be induced by Phytophthora sojae infection in both compatible and incompatible soybean varieties. By manipulating GmDAD1 expression in soybean hairy roots, we showed that GmDAD1 transcript accumulations are positively correlated with plant resistance levels against P. sojae. Heterologous expression of GmDAD1 in Nicotiana benthamiana enhanced its resistance to Phytophthora parasitica. NbDAD1 from N. benthamiana was shown to have similar role in conferring Phytophthora resistance. As an endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-localized protein, GmDAD1 was demonstrated to be involved in ER stress signaling and to affect the expression of multiple defense-related genes. Taken together, our findings reveal that GmDAD1 plays a critical role in defense against Phytophthora pathogens and might participate in the ER stress signaling pathway. The defense-associated characteristic of GmDAD1 makes it a valuable working target for breeding Phytophthora resistant soybean varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Yan
- Institute of Industrial Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Nanjing, China
- Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jierui Si
- Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoxia Cui
- Institute of Industrial Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Nanjing, China
| | - Hao Peng
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States
| | - Maofeng Jing
- Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Institute of Industrial Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Nanjing, China
| | - Han Xing
- National Center for Soybean Improvement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Daolong Dou
- Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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17
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Yu R, Zhang Y, Lu Q, Cui L, Wang Y, Wang X, Cheng G, Liu Z, Dai M, Yuan Z. Differentially expressed genes in response to cyadox in swine liver analyzed by DDRT-PCR. Res Vet Sci 2018; 118:72-78. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2018.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2017] [Revised: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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18
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Repka V, Fiala R, Čiamporová M, Pavlovkin J. Effects of ZnCl2 on ROS generation, plasma membrane properties, and changes in protein expression in grapevine root explants. Biologia (Bratisl) 2016. [DOI: 10.1515/biolog-2016-0063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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19
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Zheng J, Mao Y, Su Y, Wang J. Effects of nitrite stress on mRNA expression of antioxidant enzymes, immune-related genes and apoptosis-related proteins in Marsupenaeus japonicus. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 58:239-252. [PMID: 27582290 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2016.08.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2016] [Revised: 08/23/2016] [Accepted: 08/26/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Nitrite accumulation in aquaculture systems is a potential risk factor that may trigger stress responses in aquatic organisms. However, the mechanisms regulating the responses of shrimp to nitrite stress remain unclear. In this study, full-length cDNA sequences of two apoptosis-related genes, caspase-3 and defender against apoptotic death (DAD-1), were cloned from Marsupenaeus japonicus for the first time, and their expression levels and tissue distribution were analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). The full lengths of Mjcaspase-3 and MjDAD-1 were 1203 bp and 640 bp respectively, with deduced amino acid (AA) sequences of 321 and 114 AA. Mjcaspase-3 was predominantly expressed in haemocytes and weakly expressed in the seven other tissues tested. MjDAD-1 was mainly expressed in the defense and digestive tissues, especially in the hepatopancreas and hemocytes. To explore the influence of nitrite stress on the genetic response of antioxidant enzymes, immune-related genes and apoptosis-related proteins, the mRNA expression profiles of MjCAT, MjMnSOD, Mj-ilys, Mj-sty, Mjcaspase-3 and MjDAD-1 in response to nitrite stress were analyzed by qRT-PCR. The mRNA levels of MjCAT, MjMnSOD, Mj-ilys, Mj-sty, Mjcaspase-3 and MjDAD-1 show both time- and dose-dependent changes in response to nitrite stress. The mRNA expression levels of MjCAT and MjSOD peaked at 6 h for all nitrite concentrations tested (p < 0.05) and the up-regulated of MjCAT and MjSOD exhibited a positive correlation with the nitrite concentration. The mRNA expression levels of Mj-ilys and Mj-sty gradually decreased during the experiment period. Mjcaspase-3 mRNA level reached a maximum at 6 h (p < 0.05), and MjDAD-1 reached its peak at 12 h and 48 h in 10 mg/L and 20 mg/L nitrite, respectively. In addition, CAT and SOD activity showed changes in response to nitrite stress that mirrored the induced expression of MjCAT and MjMnSOD, and prolonged nitrite exposure reduced the activity of CAT. This study provided basic data for further elucidating the responses of shrimp to nitrite stress at the molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinbin Zheng
- College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Yong Mao
- College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China.
| | - Yongquan Su
- College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Jun Wang
- College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
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20
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The defender against apoptotic cell death 1 gene is required for tissue growth and efficient N-glycosylation in Drosophila melanogaster. Dev Biol 2016; 420:186-195. [PMID: 27693235 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2016.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Revised: 09/14/2016] [Accepted: 09/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
How organ growth is regulated in multicellular organisms is a long-standing question in developmental biology. It is known that coordination of cell apoptosis and proliferation is critical in cell number and overall organ size control, while how these processes are regulated is still under investigation. In this study, we found that functional loss of a gene in Drosophila, named Drosophila defender against apoptotic cell death 1 (dDad1), leads to a reduction of tissue growth due to increased apoptosis and lack of cell proliferation. The dDad1 protein, an orthologue of mammalian Dad1, was found to be crucial for protein N-glycosylation in developing tissues. Our study demonstrated that loss of dDad1 function activates JNK signaling and blocking the JNK pathway in dDad1 knock-down tissues suppresses cell apoptosis and partially restores organ size. In addition, reduction of dDad1 triggers ER stress and activates unfolded protein response (UPR) signaling, prior to the activation of JNK signaling. Furthermore, Perk-Atf4 signaling, one branch of UPR pathways, appears to play a dual role in inducing cell apoptosis and mediating compensatory cell proliferation in this dDad1 knock-down model.
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21
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Mammalian cells lacking either the cotranslational or posttranslocational oligosaccharyltransferase complex display substrate-dependent defects in asparagine linked glycosylation. Sci Rep 2016; 6:20946. [PMID: 26864433 PMCID: PMC4750078 DOI: 10.1038/srep20946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Accepted: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Asparagine linked glycosylation of proteins is an essential protein modification reaction in most eukaryotic organisms. Metazoan organisms express two oligosaccharyltransferase complexes that are composed of a catalytic subunit (STT3A or STT3B) assembled with a shared set of accessory subunits and one to two complex specific subunits. siRNA mediated knockdowns of STT3A and STT3B in HeLa cells have shown that the two OST complexes have partially non-overlapping roles in N-linked glycosylation. However, incomplete siRNA mediated depletion of STT3A or STT3B reduces the impact of OST complex loss, thereby complicating the interpretation of experimental results. Here, we have used the CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technology to create viable HEK293 derived cells lines that are deficient for a single catalytic subunit (STT3A or STT3B) or two STT3B-specific accessory subunits (MagT1 and TUSC3). Analysis of protein glycosylation in the STT3A, STT3B and MagT1/TUSC3 null cell lines revealed that these cell lines are superior tools for investigating the in vivo role and substrate preferences of the STT3A and STT3B complexes.
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22
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Ho CL, Tan YC, Yeoh KA, Ghazali AK, Yee WY, Hoh CC. De novo transcriptome analyses of host-fungal interactions in oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.). BMC Genomics 2016; 17:66. [PMID: 26781612 PMCID: PMC4717632 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-016-2368-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2015] [Accepted: 01/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Basal stem rot (BSR) is a fungal disease in oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) which is caused by hemibiotrophic white rot fungi belonging to the Ganoderma genus. Molecular responses of oil palm to these pathogens are not well known although this information is crucial to strategize effective measures to eradicate BSR. In order to elucidate the molecular interactions between oil palm and G. boninense and its biocontrol fungus Trichoderma harzianum, we compared the root transcriptomes of untreated oil palm seedlings with those inoculated with G. boninense and T. harzianum, respectively. Results Differential gene expression analyses revealed that jasmonate (JA) and salicylate (SA) may act in an antagonistic manner in affecting the hormone biosynthesis, signaling, and downstream defense responses in G. boninense-treated oil palm roots. In addition, G. boninense may compete with the host to control disease symptom through the transcriptional regulation of ethylene (ET) biosynthesis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and scavenging. The strengthening of host cell walls and production of pathogenesis-related proteins as well as antifungal secondary metabolites in host plants, are among the important defense mechanisms deployed by oil palm against G. boninense. Meanwhile, endophytic T. harzianum was shown to improve the of nutrition status and nutrient transportation in host plants. Conclusion The findings of this analysis have enhanced our understanding on the molecular interactions of G. boninense and oil palm, and also the biocontrol mechanisms involving T. harzianum, thus contributing to future formulations of better strategies for prevention and treatment of BSR. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-016-2368-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chai-Ling Ho
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM-Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia. .,Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM-Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Yung-Chie Tan
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM-Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Keat-Ai Yeoh
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM-Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Ahmad-Kamal Ghazali
- Codon Genomics S/B, 26, Jalan Dutamas 7, Taman Dutamas Balakong, 43200 Seri Kembangan, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Wai-Yan Yee
- Codon Genomics S/B, 26, Jalan Dutamas 7, Taman Dutamas Balakong, 43200 Seri Kembangan, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Chee-Choong Hoh
- Codon Genomics S/B, 26, Jalan Dutamas 7, Taman Dutamas Balakong, 43200 Seri Kembangan, Selangor, Malaysia.
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23
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Abstract
Secretion is the cellular process present in every organism that delivers soluble proteins and cargoes to the extracellular space. In eukaryotes, conventional protein secretion (CPS) is the trafficking route that secretory proteins undertake when are transported from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to the Golgi apparatus (GA), and subsequently to the plasma membrane (PM) via secretory vesicles or secretory granules. This book chapter recalls the fundamental steps in cell biology research contributing to the elucidation of CPS; it describes the most prominent examples of conventionally secreted proteins in eukaryotic cells and the molecular mechanisms necessary to regulate each step of this process.
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24
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Costa GNO, Dudbridge F, Fiaccone RL, da Silva TM, Conceição JS, Strina A, Figueiredo CA, Magalhães WCS, Rodrigues MR, Gouveia MH, Kehdy FSG, Horimoto ARVR, Horta B, Burchard EG, Pino-Yanes M, Del Rio Navarro B, Romieu I, Hancock DB, London S, Lima-Costa MF, Pereira AC, Tarazona E, Rodrigues LC, Barreto ML. A genome-wide association study of asthma symptoms in Latin American children. BMC Genet 2015; 16:141. [PMID: 26635092 PMCID: PMC4669662 DOI: 10.1186/s12863-015-0296-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2015] [Accepted: 11/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Asthma is a chronic disease of the airways and, despite the advances in the knowledge of associated genetic regions in recent years, their mechanisms have yet to be explored. Several genome-wide association studies have been carried out in recent years, but none of these have involved Latin American populations with a high level of miscegenation, as is seen in the Brazilian population. Methods 1246 children were recruited from a longitudinal cohort study in Salvador, Brazil. Asthma symptoms were identified in accordance with an International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) questionnaire. Following quality control, 1 877 526 autosomal SNPs were tested for association with childhood asthma symptoms by logistic regression using an additive genetic model. We complemented the analysis with an estimate of the phenotypic variance explained by common genetic variants. Replications were investigated in independent Mexican and US Latino samples. Results Two chromosomal regions reached genome-wide significance level for childhood asthma symptoms: the 14q11 region flanking the DAD1 and OXA1L genes (rs1999071, MAF 0.32, OR 1.78, 95 % CI 1.45–2.18, p-value 2.83 × 10−8) and 15q22 region flanking the FOXB1 gene (rs10519031, MAF 0.04, OR 3.0, 95 % CI 2.02–4.49, p-value 6.68 × 10−8 and rs8029377, MAF 0.03, OR 2.49, 95 % CI 1.76–3.53, p-value 2.45 × 10−7). eQTL analysis suggests that rs1999071 regulates the expression of OXA1L gene. However, the original findings were not replicated in the Mexican or US Latino samples. Conclusions We conclude that the 14q11 and 15q22 regions may be associated with asthma symptoms in childhood. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12863-015-0296-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo N O Costa
- Instituto de Saúde Coletiva, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil.
| | - Frank Dudbridge
- Department of Non-communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
| | | | - Thiago M da Silva
- Instituto de Saúde Coletiva, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil.
| | | | - Agostino Strina
- Instituto de Saúde Coletiva, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil.
| | - Camila A Figueiredo
- Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil.
| | - Wagner C S Magalhães
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
| | - Maira R Rodrigues
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
| | - Mateus H Gouveia
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
| | - Fernanda S G Kehdy
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
| | | | - Bernardo Horta
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Epidemiologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil.
| | | | - Maria Pino-Yanes
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, USA.
| | - Blanca Del Rio Navarro
- Department of Health and Human Services, Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA.
| | | | - Dana B Hancock
- Behavioral and Urban Health Program, Research Triangle Institute (RTI) International, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA.
| | - Stephanie London
- Department of Health and Human Services, Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA.
| | | | - Alexandre C Pereira
- Instituto de Pesquisas Rene Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
| | - Eduardo Tarazona
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
| | - Laura C Rodrigues
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
| | - Mauricio L Barreto
- Instituto de Saúde Coletiva, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil. .,Centro de Pesquisa Gonçalo Muniz, Fundação Osvaldo Cruz, Salvador, Brazil.
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25
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Blanco-Herrera F, Moreno AA, Tapia R, Reyes F, Araya M, D'Alessio C, Parodi A, Orellana A. The UDP-glucose: glycoprotein glucosyltransferase (UGGT), a key enzyme in ER quality control, plays a significant role in plant growth as well as biotic and abiotic stress in Arabidopsis thaliana. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2015; 15:127. [PMID: 26017403 PMCID: PMC4465474 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-015-0525-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2014] [Accepted: 05/18/2015] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND UDP-glucose: glycoprotein glucosyltransferase (UGGT) is a key player in the quality control mechanism (ER-QC) that newly synthesized glycoproteins undergo in the ER. It has been shown that the UGGT Arabidopsis orthologue is involved in ER-QC; however, its role in plant physiology remains unclear. RESULTS Here, we show that two mutant alleles in the At1g71220 locus have none or reduced UGGT activity. In wild type plants, the AtUGGT transcript levels increased upon activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR). Interestingly, mutants in AtUGGT exhibited an endogenous up-regulation of genes that are UPR targets. In addition, mutants in AtUGGT showed a 30% reduction in the incorporation of UDP-Glucose into the ER suggesting that this enzyme drives the uptake of this substrate for the CNX/CRT cycle. Plants deficient in UGGT exhibited a delayed growth rate of the primary root and rosette as well as an alteration in the number of leaves. These mutants are more sensitive to pathogen attack as well as heat, salt, and UPR-inducing stressors. Additionally, the plants showed impairment in the establishment of systemic acquired resistance (SAR). CONCLUSIONS These results show that a lack of UGGT activity alters plant vegetative development and impairs the response to several abiotic and biotic stresses. Moreover, our results uncover an unexpected role of UGGT in the incorporation of UDP-Glucose into the ER lumen in Arabidopsis thaliana.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisca Blanco-Herrera
- Centro de Biotecnología Vegetal, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Andrés Bello, Avenida República 217, Santiago, 837-0146, RM, Chile.
| | - Adrián A Moreno
- Centro de Biotecnología Vegetal, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Andrés Bello, Avenida República 217, Santiago, 837-0146, RM, Chile.
- FONDAP Center for Genome Regulation, Santiago, RM, Chile.
| | - Rodrigo Tapia
- Centro de Biotecnología Vegetal, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Andrés Bello, Avenida República 217, Santiago, 837-0146, RM, Chile.
| | - Francisca Reyes
- Centro de Biotecnología Vegetal, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Andrés Bello, Avenida República 217, Santiago, 837-0146, RM, Chile.
- FONDAP Center for Genome Regulation, Santiago, RM, Chile.
| | - Macarena Araya
- Centro de Biotecnología Vegetal, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Andrés Bello, Avenida República 217, Santiago, 837-0146, RM, Chile.
| | - Cecilia D'Alessio
- Fundación Instituto Leloir and IIBBA, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
- School of Sciences, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Armando Parodi
- Fundación Instituto Leloir and IIBBA, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Ariel Orellana
- Centro de Biotecnología Vegetal, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Andrés Bello, Avenida República 217, Santiago, 837-0146, RM, Chile.
- FONDAP Center for Genome Regulation, Santiago, RM, Chile.
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26
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Mueller S, Wahlander A, Selevsek N, Otto C, Ngwa EM, Poljak K, Frey AD, Aebi M, Gauss R. Protein degradation corrects for imbalanced subunit stoichiometry in OST complex assembly. Mol Biol Cell 2015; 26:2596-608. [PMID: 25995378 PMCID: PMC4501358 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e15-03-0168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2015] [Accepted: 05/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A combination of SILAC and targeted mass spectrometry provides a sensitive method to measure protein half-lives in yeast. Degradation rates are generally low in wild-type cells; however, ERAD is important to correct for imbalanced subunit stoichiometry. This approach is used to establish an assembly model for the OST complex. Protein degradation is essential for cellular homeostasis. We developed a sensitive approach to examining protein degradation rates in Saccharomyces cerevisiae by coupling a SILAC approach to selected reaction monitoring (SRM) mass spectrometry. Combined with genetic tools, this analysis made it possible to study the assembly of the oligosaccharyl transferase complex. The ER-associated degradation machinery compensated for disturbed homeostasis of complex components by degradation of subunits in excess. On a larger scale, protein degradation in the ER was found to be a minor factor in the regulation of protein homeostasis in exponentially growing cells, but ERAD became relevant when the gene dosage was affected, as demonstrated in heterozygous diploid cells. Hence the alleviation of fitness defects due to abnormal gene copy numbers might be an important function of protein degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Mueller
- Institute of Microbiology, Department of Biology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Asa Wahlander
- Functional Genomics Center Zurich, UZH/ETH Zurich, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nathalie Selevsek
- Functional Genomics Center Zurich, UZH/ETH Zurich, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Claudia Otto
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zürich, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Elsy Mankah Ngwa
- Institute of Microbiology, Department of Biology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Kristina Poljak
- Institute of Microbiology, Department of Biology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Alexander D Frey
- Department of Biotechnology and Chemical Technology, Aalto University, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Markus Aebi
- Institute of Microbiology, Department of Biology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Robert Gauss
- Institute of Microbiology, Department of Biology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
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Cherepanova NA, Shrimal S, Gilmore R. Oxidoreductase activity is necessary for N-glycosylation of cysteine-proximal acceptor sites in glycoproteins. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 206:525-39. [PMID: 25135935 PMCID: PMC4137057 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201404083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Stabilization of protein tertiary structure by disulfides can interfere with glycosylation of acceptor sites (NXT/S) in nascent polypeptides. Here, we show that MagT1, an ER-localized thioredoxin homologue, is a subunit of the STT3B isoform of the oligosaccharyltransferase (OST). The lumenally oriented active site CVVC motif in MagT1 is required for glycosylation of STT3B-dependent acceptor sites including those that are closely bracketed by disulfides or contain cysteine as the internal residue (NCT/S). The MagT1- and STT3B-dependent glycosylation of cysteine-proximal acceptor sites can be reduced by eliminating cysteine residues. The predominant form of MagT1 in vivo is oxidized, which is consistent with transient formation of mixed disulfides between MagT1 and a glycoprotein substrate to facilitate access of STT3B to unmodified acceptor sites. Cotranslational N-glycosylation by the STT3A isoform of the OST, which lacks MagT1, allows efficient modification of acceptor sites in cysteine-rich protein domains before disulfide bond formation. Thus, mammalian cells use two mechanisms to achieve N-glycosylation of cysteine proximal acceptor sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia A Cherepanova
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605
| | - Shiteshu Shrimal
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605
| | - Reid Gilmore
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605
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28
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Ding Y, Dellisanti CD, Ko MH, Czajkowski C, Puglielli L. The endoplasmic reticulum-based acetyltransferases, ATase1 and ATase2, associate with the oligosaccharyltransferase to acetylate correctly folded polypeptides. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:32044-32055. [PMID: 25301944 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.585547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) has two membrane-bound acetyltransferases responsible for the endoluminal N(ϵ)-lysine acetylation of ER-transiting and -resident proteins. Mutations that impair the ER-based acetylation machinery are associated with developmental defects and a familial form of spastic paraplegia. Deficient ER acetylation in the mouse leads to defects of the immune and nervous system. Here, we report that both ATase1 and ATase2 form homo- and heterodimers and associate with members of the oligosaccharyltransferase (OST) complex. In contrast to the OST, the ATases only modify correctly folded polypetides. Collectively, our studies suggest that one of the functions of the ATases is to work in concert with the OST and "select" correctly folded from unfolded/misfolded transiting polypeptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Ding
- Departments of Medicine and University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53705; Departments of Neuroscience Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53705 and
| | - Cosma D Dellisanti
- Departments of Neuroscience and University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53705
| | - Mi Hee Ko
- Departments of Medicine and University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53705
| | - Cynthia Czajkowski
- Departments of Neuroscience Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53705 and; Departments of Neuroscience and University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53705
| | - Luigi Puglielli
- Departments of Medicine and University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53705; Departments of Neuroscience Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53705 and; Geriatric Research Education Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Madison, Wisconsin 53705.
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29
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Pérez-Martín M, Pérez-Pérez ME, Lemaire SD, Crespo JL. Oxidative stress contributes to autophagy induction in response to endoplasmic reticulum stress in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2014; 166:997-1008. [PMID: 25143584 PMCID: PMC4213124 DOI: 10.1104/pp.114.243659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The accumulation of unfolded/misfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) results in the activation of stress responses, such as the unfolded protein response or the catabolic process of autophagy to ultimately recover cellular homeostasis. ER stress also promotes the production of reactive oxygen species, which play an important role in autophagy regulation. However, it remains unknown whether reactive oxygen species are involved in ER stress-induced autophagy. In this study, we provide evidence connecting redox imbalance caused by ER stress and autophagy activation in the model unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Treatment of C. reinhardtii cells with the ER stressors tunicamycin or dithiothreitol resulted in up-regulation of the expression of genes encoding ER resident endoplasmic reticulum oxidoreductin1 oxidoreductase and protein disulfide isomerases. ER stress also triggered autophagy in C. reinhardtii based on the protein abundance, lipidation, cellular distribution, and mRNA levels of the autophagy marker ATG8. Moreover, increases in the oxidation of the glutathione pool and the expression of oxidative stress-related genes were detected in tunicamycin-treated cells. Our results revealed that the antioxidant glutathione partially suppressed ER stress-induced autophagy and decreased the toxicity of tunicamycin, suggesting that oxidative stress participates in the control of autophagy in response to ER stress in C. reinhardtii In close agreement, we also found that autophagy activation by tunicamycin was more pronounced in the C. reinhardtii sor1 mutant, which shows increased expression of oxidative stress-related genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Pérez-Martín
- Instituto de Bioquímica Vegetal y Fotosíntesis, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad de Sevilla, 41092 Seville, Spain (M.P.-M., J.L.C.); andCentre National de la Recherche Scientifique (M.E.P.-P.; S.D.L.) andSorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, University of Paris 06 (M.E.P.-P.; S.D.L.), Unité Mixte de Recherche 8226, Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire des Eucaryotes, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, 75005 Paris, France
| | - María Esther Pérez-Pérez
- Instituto de Bioquímica Vegetal y Fotosíntesis, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad de Sevilla, 41092 Seville, Spain (M.P.-M., J.L.C.); andCentre National de la Recherche Scientifique (M.E.P.-P.; S.D.L.) andSorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, University of Paris 06 (M.E.P.-P.; S.D.L.), Unité Mixte de Recherche 8226, Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire des Eucaryotes, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Stéphane D Lemaire
- Instituto de Bioquímica Vegetal y Fotosíntesis, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad de Sevilla, 41092 Seville, Spain (M.P.-M., J.L.C.); andCentre National de la Recherche Scientifique (M.E.P.-P.; S.D.L.) andSorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, University of Paris 06 (M.E.P.-P.; S.D.L.), Unité Mixte de Recherche 8226, Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire des Eucaryotes, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, 75005 Paris, France
| | - José L Crespo
- Instituto de Bioquímica Vegetal y Fotosíntesis, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad de Sevilla, 41092 Seville, Spain (M.P.-M., J.L.C.); andCentre National de la Recherche Scientifique (M.E.P.-P.; S.D.L.) andSorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, University of Paris 06 (M.E.P.-P.; S.D.L.), Unité Mixte de Recherche 8226, Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire des Eucaryotes, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, 75005 Paris, France
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30
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Comparative Analysis of Protein Glycosylation Pathways in Humans and the Fungal Pathogen Candida albicans. Int J Microbiol 2014; 2014:267497. [PMID: 25104959 PMCID: PMC4106090 DOI: 10.1155/2014/267497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2014] [Accepted: 06/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein glycosylation pathways are present in all kingdoms of life and are metabolic pathways found in all the life kingdoms. Despite sharing commonalities in their synthesis, glycans attached to glycoproteins have species-specific structures generated by the presence of different sets of enzymes and acceptor substrates in each organism. In this review, we present a comparative analysis of the main glycosylation pathways shared by humans and the fungal pathogen Candida albicans: N-linked glycosylation, O-linked mannosylation and glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchorage. The knowledge of similarities and divergences between these metabolic pathways could help find new pharmacological targets for C. albicans infection.
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31
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Chen CM, Tseng CN, Cho JJ, Lee YZ, Kao CL, Cheng YB, Hong YR, Cho CL. Heat shock induces expression of OSTC/DC2, a novel subunit of oligosaccharyltransferase, in vitro and in vivo. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2014; 30:219-23. [PMID: 24751383 DOI: 10.1016/j.kjms.2014.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2013] [Accepted: 09/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammalian oligosaccharyltransferase complex subunit OSTC/DC2 protein has recently been shown to be a new subunit of the oligosaccharyltransferase; however, its physiological role is still unclear. Here, we report the expression pattern of OSTC/DC2 protein in the context of heat shock stress. Its upregulation was detected both in cells treated with heat shock in vitro and in an animal model of heat shock in vivo. Northern blot analysis indicated that OSTC/DC2 mRNA is ubiquitously expressed in various human tissues, with abundant expression in the placenta and liver. The temporal changes of OSTC/DC2 protein expression following acute heat shock in human malignant glioblastoma cell line U87MG and mice were analyzed by Western blot assay. In general, expression of OSTC/DC2 protein was elevated after heat shock; however, the time courses of the change of OSTC/DC2 protein expression varied in different tissues. In the cerebellum, heat shock induction of OSTC/DC2 protein and activation of AKT, a key regulator of stress response, followed a similar time course. These results suggest that the upregulation of OSTC/DC2, a novel component of the oligosaccharyltransferase complex, is part of the mammalian heat shock response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Ming Chen
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Neng Tseng
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jonathan J Cho
- Center for Immunology and Microbial Diseases, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Ya-Zhe Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chiu-Li Kao
- Tzu Hui Institute of Technology, Pingtung County, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Bin Cheng
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ren Hong
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Lung Cho
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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Ott C, Jacobs K, Haucke E, Navarrete Santos A, Grune T, Simm A. Role of advanced glycation end products in cellular signaling. Redox Biol 2014; 2:411-29. [PMID: 24624331 PMCID: PMC3949097 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2013.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 854] [Impact Index Per Article: 77.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2013] [Accepted: 12/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Improvements in health care and lifestyle have led to an elevated lifespan and increased focus on age-associated diseases, such as neurodegeneration, cardiovascular disease, frailty and arteriosclerosis. In all these chronic diseases protein, lipid or nucleic acid modifications are involved, including cross-linked and non-degradable aggregates, such as advanced glycation end products (AGEs). Formation of endogenous or uptake of dietary AGEs can lead to further protein modifications and activation of several inflammatory signaling pathways. This review will give an overview of the most prominent AGE-mediated signaling cascades, AGE receptor interactions, prevention of AGE formation and the impact of AGEs during pathophysiological processes.
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Key Words
- ADAMST, a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with a thrombospondin type 1 motif
- AGE, advanced glycation end products
- AGE-receptors
- Advanced glycation end products
- Age-associated diseases
- Aggregates
- Aging
- E, from embryonic day
- EGFR, epidermal growth factor receptor
- ERK, extracellular-signal regulated kinase
- F3NK, fructosamine 3-phosphokinase
- FKHRL1, forkhead transcription factor
- HDL, high density lipoprotein
- HMGB1, high-mobility-group-protein B1
- HNE, 4-hydroxy-trans-2-nonenal
- Jak1/2, Janus kinase 1/2
- LDL, low density lipoprotein
- MDA, malondialdehyde
- MEKK, mitogen-activated protein/ERK kinase kinases
- MnSOD, manganese superoxide dismutase
- NF-κB
- Nf-κB, nuclear factor-light-chain-enhancer of activated B
- Oxidative stress
- PIK3, phosphoinositol 3 kinase
- RAGE
- RAGE, receptor of AGEs
- RCC, reactive carbonyl compounds
- Reactive carbonyl compounds
- S100B, S100 calcium binding protein B
- SIRt1, NAD+-dependent deacetylase and survival factor 1
- SR-A, scavenger receptor class A
- Signaling
- Stat 1/2, signal transducers and activators of transcription 1/2
- VSMC, vascular smooth muscle cells
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Affiliation(s)
- Christiane Ott
- Department of Nutritional Toxicology, Institute of Nutrition, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Kathleen Jacobs
- Clinic for Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Hospital Halle (Saale), Martin-Luther-University of Halle-Wittenberg, Ernst-Grube Strasse 40, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Elisa Haucke
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Martin-Luther-University of Halle-Wittenberg, 06108 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Anne Navarrete Santos
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Martin-Luther-University of Halle-Wittenberg, 06108 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Tilman Grune
- Department of Nutritional Toxicology, Institute of Nutrition, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Andreas Simm
- Clinic for Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Hospital Halle (Saale), Martin-Luther-University of Halle-Wittenberg, Ernst-Grube Strasse 40, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
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33
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Effect of glucose feeding on the glycosylation quality of antibody produced by a human cell line, F2N78, in fed-batch culture. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2014; 98:3509-15. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-013-5462-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2013] [Revised: 12/03/2013] [Accepted: 12/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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N-glycosylation is required for secretion and mitosis in C. elegans. PLoS One 2013; 8:e63687. [PMID: 23691084 PMCID: PMC3653792 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0063687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2012] [Accepted: 04/04/2013] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
N-glycosylation of proteins is an essential process, and N-glucans serve as important beacons in protein folding and ER associated degradation. More importantly, N-glycosylation increases the structural repertoire of proteins because the addition of the N-glucan on proteins will serve as a base for further sugar additions in the Golgi apparatus, and hence complex three-dimensional structures can be build. N-glycosylation is mediated by the ER-resident OST complex, which is essential throughout eukaryotes. Partial knockdown of conserved OST complex members, such as C. elegans RIBO-1, led to an embryonic lethal phenotype. Although the ER morphology was not grossly altered in ribo-1(RNAi) oocytes and embryos, secretion of yolk and of the yolk receptor RME-2 was perturbed in those worms. Perhaps as a consequence of reduced arrival of N-glycosylated proteins at the plasma membrane, cytokinesis occurred less efficiently leading to multinuclear cells. Unexpectedly, we detected a chromosome segregation defect in ribo-1(RNAi) embryos suggesting an essential role of at least one N-glycosylated protein in metaphase-anaphase transition.
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Dumax-Vorzet A, Roboti P, High S. OST4 is a subunit of the mammalian oligosaccharyltransferase required for efficient N-glycosylation. J Cell Sci 2013; 126:2595-606. [PMID: 23606741 PMCID: PMC3687696 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.115410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The eukaryotic oligosaccharyltransferase (OST) is a membrane-embedded protein complex that catalyses the N-glycosylation of nascent polypeptides in the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), a highly conserved biosynthetic process that enriches protein structure and function. All OSTs contain a homologue of the catalytic STT3 subunit, although in many cases this is assembled with several additional components that influence function. In S. cerevisiae, one such component is Ost4p, an extremely small membrane protein that appears to stabilise interactions between subunits of assembled OST complexes. OST4 has been identified as a putative human homologue, but to date neither its relationship to the OST complex, nor its role in protein N-glycosylation, have been directly addressed. Here, we establish that OST4 is assembled into native OST complexes containing either the catalytic STT3A or STT3B isoforms. Co-immunoprecipitation studies suggest that OST4 associates with both STT3 isoforms and with ribophorin I, an accessory subunit of mammalian OSTs. These presumptive interactions are perturbed by a single amino acid change in the transmembrane region of OST4. Using siRNA knockdowns and native gel analysis, we show that OST4 plays an important role in maintaining the stability of native OST complexes. Hence, upon OST4 depletion well-defined OST complexes are partially destabilised and a novel ribophorin I-containing subcomplex can be detected. Strikingly, cells depleted of either OST4 or STT3A show a remarkably similar defect in the N-glycosylation of endogenous prosaposin. We conclude that OST4 most likely promotes co-translational N-glycosylation by stabilising STT3A-containing OST isoforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Dumax-Vorzet
- Faculty of Life Sciences, The University of Manchester, Michael Smith Building, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
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Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is of considerable interest to plant biologists because it occurs in plants subjected to adverse environmental conditions. ER stress responses mitigate the damage caused by stress and confer levels of stress tolerance to plants. ER stress is activated by misfolded proteins that accumulate in the ER under adverse environmental conditions. Under these conditions, the demand for protein folding exceeds the capacity of the system, which sets off the unfolded protein response (UPR). Two arms of the UPR signaling pathway have been described in plants: one that involves two ER membrane-associated transcription factors (bZIP17 and bZIP28) and another that involves a dual protein kinase (RNA-splicing factor IRE1) and its target RNA (bZIP60). Under mild or short-term stress conditions, signaling from IRE1 activates autophagy, a cell survival response. But under severe or chronic stress conditions, ER stress can lead to cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen H Howell
- Plant Sciences Institute and Department of Genetics, Development, and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA.
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Abstract
UNLABELLED Identification of common molecular mechanisms is needed to facilitate the development of new treatment options for patients with ileal carcinoids. PURPOSE OF REVIEW Recent profiling studies on ileal carcinoids were examined to obtain a comprehensive view of risk factors, genetic aberrations, and transcriptional alterations. Special attention was paid to mechanisms that could provide novel targets for therapy. RESULTS Genome-wide association studies have shown that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at IL12A and DAD1 are associated with an increased risk of ileal carcinoids. Genomic profiling revealed distinct patterns of copy-number alterations in ileal carcinoids. Two groups of carcinoids could be identified by hierarchical clustering. A major group of tumors was characterized by loss on chromosome 18 followed by additional losses on chromosomes 3p, 11q, and 13. Three minimal common regions of deletions were identified at 18q21.1-q21.31, 18q22.1-q22.2, and 18q22.3-q23. A minor group of tumors was characterized by clustered gains on chromosomes 4, 5, 7, 14, and 20. Expression profiling identified three groups of ileal carcinoids by principal component analysis. Tumor progression was associated with changes in gene expression including downregulation of MIR133A. Candidate genes for targeted therapy included ERBB2/HER2, DAD1, PRKCA, RYBP, CASP1, CASP4, CASP5, VMAT1, RET, APLP1, OR51E1, GPR112, SPOCK1, RUNX1, and MIR133A. CONCLUSION Profiling of ileal carcinoids has revealed recurrent genetic alterations and distinct patterns of gene expression. Frequent alterations in cellular pathways and genes were identified, suggesting novel targets for therapy. Translational studies are needed to validate suggested molecular targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ola Nilsson
- Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden.
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Roboti P, High S. The oligosaccharyltransferase subunits OST48, DAD1 and KCP2 function as ubiquitous and selective modulators of mammalian N-glycosylation. J Cell Sci 2012; 125:3474-84. [PMID: 22467853 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.103952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein N-glycosylation is an essential modification that occurs in all eukaryotes and is catalysed by the oligosaccharyltransferase (OST) in the endoplasmic reticulum. Comparative studies have clearly shown that eukaryotic STT3 proteins alone can fulfil the enzymatic requirements for N-glycosylation, yet in many cases STT3 homologues form stable complexes with a variety of non-catalytic OST subunits. Whereas some of these additional components might play a structural role, others appear to increase or modulate N-glycosylation efficiency for certain precursors. Here, we have analysed the roles of three non-catalytic mammalian OST components by studying the consequences of subunit-specific knockdowns on the stability and enzymatic activity of the OST complex. Our results demonstrate that OST48 and DAD1 are required for the assembly of both STT3A- and STT3B-containing OST complexes. The structural perturbations of these complexes we observe in OST48- and DAD1-depleted cells underlie their pronounced hypoglycosylation phenotypes. Thus, OST48 and DAD1 are global modulators of OST stability and hence N-glycosylation. We show that KCP2 also influences protein N-glycosylation, yet in this case, the effect of its depletion is substrate specific, and is characterised by the accumulation of a novel STT3A-containing OST subcomplex. Our results suggest that KCP2 acts to selectively enhance the OST-dependent processing of specific protein precursors, most likely co-translational substrates of STT3A-containing complexes, highlighting the potential for increased complexity of OST subunit composition in higher eukaryotes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peristera Roboti
- Faculty of Life Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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Roboti P, High S. Keratinocyte-associated protein 2 is a bona fide subunit of the mammalian oligosaccharyltransferase. J Cell Sci 2012; 125:220-32. [PMID: 22266900 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.094599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The oligosaccharyltransferase (OST) complex catalyses the N-glycosylation of polypeptides entering the endoplasmic reticulum, a process essential for the productive folding and trafficking of many secretory and membrane proteins. In eukaryotes, the OST typically comprises a homologous catalytic STT3 subunit complexed with several additional components that are usually conserved, and that often function to modulate N-glycosylation efficiency. By these criteria, the status of keratinocyte-associated protein 2 (KCP2) was unclear: it was found to co-purify with the canine OST suggesting it is part of the complex but, unlike most other subunits, no potential homologues are apparent in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. In this study we have characterised human KCP2 and show that the predominant species results from an alternative initiation of translation to form an integral membrane protein with three transmembrane spans. KCP2 localises to the endoplasmic reticulum, consistent with a role in protein biosynthesis, and has a functional KKxx retrieval signal at its cytosolic C-terminus. Native gel analysis suggests that the majority of KCP2 assembles into a distinct ~500 kDa complex that also contains several bona fide OST subunits, most notably the catalytic STT3A isoform. Co-immunoprecipitation studies confirmed a robust and specific physical interaction between KCP2 and STT3A, and revealed weaker associations with both STT3B and OST48. Taken together, these data strongly support the proposal that KCP2 is a newly identified subunit of the N-glycosylation machinery present in a subset of eukaryotes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peristera Roboti
- Faculty of Life Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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Della Beffa C, Klawonn F, Menetski JP, Schumacher HR, Pessler F. Evaluation of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate, prolylpeptidyl isomerase A, and a set of stably expressed genes as reference mRNAs in urate crystal inflammation. BMC Res Notes 2011; 4:443. [PMID: 22023915 PMCID: PMC3213070 DOI: 10.1186/1756-0500-4-443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2011] [Accepted: 10/25/2011] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The murine air pouch membrane represents an easily accessible tissue for studies on gene regulation in acute inflammation. Considering that acute inflammation may affect expression of molecular reference genes, we evaluated the expression of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) and prolylpeptidyl isomerase A (PPIA) in the air pouch membrane during a complete time course of urate crystal inflammation and correlated the results with expression of interleukin (IL)-1β and hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)-1α. In addition, we aimed to identify alternate potential reference genes. Methods Using custom microfluidic real-time PCR arrays, the expression of 96 genes including GAPDH, PPIA, IL-1β, and HIF-1α was determined in dissected air pouch membranes 1, 4, 9, 18, 27, and 50 hours (h) after injecting monosodium urate (MSU) crystals into the pouch. One-way ANOVA was used to detect differential gene expression throughout the time course. Using the genes on these arrays as a convenience sample, alternate candidate reference genes were sought (1) with a biostatistical approach and (2) using the geNorm software tool. Results Pouch leukocytes peaked at t = 9h and declined toward t = 50h. PPIA expression was not differentially regulated (p = 0.52, ANOVA). In contrast, GAPDH mRNA increased steadily after crystal injection, reaching a maximal 2.8-fold increase at t = 18h (p = 0.0006, t test), which followed a marked induction of IL-1β (max., 208-fold at t = 4h, p = 8.4 × 10-5, t test) and HIF-1α (max., 6.6-fold at t = 4h, p = 0.00025, t test). Fifteen genes were artifactually identified as "significantly regulated" when Ct values were normalized against GAPDH expression. The biostatistical approach and the geNorm analysis identified overlapping sets of candidate reference genes. Both ranked PPIA as the best candidate, followed by defender against cell death 1 (DAD1) and high-mobility group B1 (HMGB1). Conclusions GAPDH mRNA expression is up-regulated in urate crystal inflammation, possibly due to inflammation-associated hypoxia. Using GAPDH mRNA for molecular normalization resulted in significant artifacts in the calculated expression of the target mRNAs. PPIA and other stably expressed genes promise to be more appropriate reference genes in this model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Della Beffa
- Department of Infection Genetics, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Inhoffenstr, 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany.
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Medeiros MN, Logullo R, Ramos IB, Sorgine MHF, Paiva-Silva GO, Mesquita RD, Machado EA, Coutinho MA, Masuda H, Capurro ML, Ribeiro JM, Cardoso Braz GR, Oliveira PL. Transcriptome and gene expression profile of ovarian follicle tissue of the triatomine bug Rhodnius prolixus. INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2011; 41:823-31. [PMID: 21736942 PMCID: PMC3740404 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2011.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2011] [Revised: 06/13/2011] [Accepted: 06/16/2011] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Insect oocytes grow in close association with the ovarian follicular epithelium (OFE), which escorts the oocyte during oogenesis and is responsible for synthesis and secretion of the eggshell. We describe a transcriptome of OFE of the triatomine bug Rhodnius prolixus, a vector of Chagas disease, to increase our knowledge of the role of FE in egg development. Random clones were sequenced from a cDNA library of different stages of follicle development. The transcriptome showed high commitment to transcription, protein synthesis, and secretion. The most abundant cDNA was a secreted (S) small, proline-rich protein with maximal expression in the vitellogenic follicle, suggesting a role in oocyte maturation. We also found Rp45, a chorion protein already described, and a putative chitin-associated cuticle protein that was an eggshell component candidate. Six transcripts coding for proteins related to the unfolded-protein response (UPR) by were chosen and their expression analyzed. Surprisingly, transcripts related to UPR showed higher expression during early stages of development and downregulation during late stages, when transcripts coding for S proteins participating in chorion formation were highly expressed. Several transcripts with potential roles in oogenesis and embryo development are also discussed. We propose that intense protein synthesis at the FE results in reticulum stress (RS) and that lowering expression of a set of genes related to cell survival should lead to degeneration of follicular cells at oocyte maturation. This paradoxical suppression of UPR suggests that ovarian follicles may represent an interesting model for studying control of RS and cell survival in professional S cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo N. Medeiros
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Entomologia Molecular, Brasil
| | - Raquel Logullo
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Entomologia Molecular, Brasil
| | - Isabela B. Ramos
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Entomologia Molecular, Brasil
| | - Marcos H. F. Sorgine
- Instituto de Bioquímica Médica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Entomologia Molecular, Brasil
| | - Gabriela O. Paiva-Silva
- Instituto de Bioquímica Médica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Entomologia Molecular, Brasil
| | - Rafael D. Mesquita
- Instituto Federal de Educação do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Entomologia Molecular, Brasil
| | - Ednildo Alcantara Machado
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Entomologia Molecular, Brasil
| | - Maria Alice Coutinho
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Entomologia Molecular, Brasil
| | - Hatisaburo Masuda
- Instituto de Bioquímica Médica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Entomologia Molecular, Brasil
| | - Margareth L. Capurro
- Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo; São Paulo; SP
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Entomologia Molecular, Brasil
| | - José M.C. Ribeiro
- Section of Vector Biology, Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, 12735 Twinbrook Parkway, Room 2E32, Rockville MD 20852 USA
| | - Glória Regina Cardoso Braz
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Entomologia Molecular, Brasil
| | - Pedro L Oliveira
- Instituto Federal de Educação do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Entomologia Molecular, Brasil
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Mohorko E, Glockshuber R, Aebi M. Oligosaccharyltransferase: the central enzyme of N-linked protein glycosylation. J Inherit Metab Dis 2011; 34:869-78. [PMID: 21614585 DOI: 10.1007/s10545-011-9337-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2010] [Revised: 04/01/2011] [Accepted: 04/07/2011] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
N-linked glycosylation is one of the most abundant modifications of proteins in eukaryotic organisms. In the central reaction of the pathway, oligosaccharyltransferase (OST), a multimeric complex located at the membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum, transfers a preassembled oligosaccharide to selected asparagine residues within the consensus sequence asparagine-X-serine/threonine. Due to the high substrate specificity of OST, alterations in the biosynthesis of the oligosaccharide substrate result in the hypoglycosylation of many different proteins and a multitude of symptoms observed in the family of congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) type I. This review covers our knowledge of human OST and describes enzyme composition. The Stt3 subunit of OST harbors the catalytic center of the enzyme, but the function of the other, highly conserved, subunits are less well defined. Some components seem to be involved in the recognition and utilization of glycosylation sites in specific glycoproteins. Indeed, mutations in the subunit paralogs N33/Tusc3 and IAP do not yield the pleiotropic phenotypes typical for CDG type I but specifically result in nonsyndromic mental retardation, suggesting that the oxidoreductase activity of these subunits is required for glycosylation of a subset of proteins essential for brain development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Mohorko
- Department of Biology, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, ETH Zürich, Schafmatt 20, CH, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
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Wilson CM, Magnaudeix A, Yardin C, Terro F. DC2 and keratinocyte-associated protein 2 (KCP2), subunits of the oligosaccharyltransferase complex, are regulators of the gamma-secretase-directed processing of amyloid precursor protein (APP). J Biol Chem 2011; 286:31080-91. [PMID: 21768116 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.249748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The oligosaccharyltransferase complex catalyzes the transfer of oligosaccharide from a dolichol pyrophosphate donor en bloc onto a free asparagine residue of a newly synthesized nascent chain during the translocation in the endoplasmic reticulum lumen. The role of the less known oligosaccharyltransferase (OST) subunits, DC2 and KCP2, recently identified still remains to be determined. Here, we have studied DC2 and KCP2, and we have established that DC2 and KCP2 are substrate-specific, affecting amyloid precursor protein (APP), indicating that they are not core components required for N-glycosylation and OST activity per se. We show for the first time that DC2 and KCP2 depletion affects APP processing, leading to an accumulation of C-terminal fragments, both C99 and C83, and a reduction in full-length mature APP. This reduction in mature APP levels was not due to a block in secretion because the levels of sAPPα secreted into the media were unaffected. We discover that DC2 and KCP2 depletion affects only the γ-secretase complex, resulting in a reduction of the PS1 active fragment blocking Aβ production. Conversely, we show that the overexpression of DC2 and KCP2 causes an increase in the active γ-secretase complex, particularly the N-terminal fragment of PS1 that is generated by endoproteolysis, leading to a stimulation of Aβ production upon overexpression of DC2 and KCP2. Our findings reveal that components of the OST complex for the first time can interact with the γ-secretase and affect the APP processing pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cornelia M Wilson
- Université de Limoges, Groupe de Neurobiologie Cellulaire-EA3842 Homéostasie Cellulaire et Pathologies, Faculté de Médecine, 2 Rue du Dr. Raymond Marcland, 87025 Limoges Cedex, France.
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Kuga A, Ohsawa Y, Okada T, Kanda F, Kanagawa M, Toda T, Sunada Y. Endoplasmic reticulum stress response in P104L mutant caveolin-3 transgenic mice. Hum Mol Genet 2011; 20:2975-83. [DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddr201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Dondero F, Banni M, Negri A, Boatti L, Dagnino A, Viarengo A. Interactions of a pesticide/heavy metal mixture in marine bivalves: a transcriptomic assessment. BMC Genomics 2011; 12:195. [PMID: 21496282 PMCID: PMC3094310 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-12-195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2010] [Accepted: 04/16/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mixtures of chemicals present in aquatic environments may elicit toxicity due to additive or synergistic effects among the constituents or, vice versa, the adverse outcome may be reduced by antagonistic interactions. Deviations from additivity should be explained either by the perturbations of toxicokinetic parameters and/or chemical toxicodynamics. We addressed this important question in marine mussels exposed subchronically to a binary mixture made of two wide-spread pollutants: the heavy metal nickel and the organic phosphorus pesticide Chlorpyrifos. To this aim, we carried out in tissues of Mytius galloprovincialis (Lam) a systems approach based on the evaluation and integration of different disciplines, i.e. high throughput gene expression profiling, functional genomics, stress biomakers and toxicokinetics. RESULTS Cellular and tissue biomarkers, viz. digestive gland lysosomal membrane stability, lysosomal/cytosol volume ratio, neutral lipid content and gill acetylcholinesterase activity were, in general, altered by either the exposure to nickel and Chlorpyrifos. However, their joint action rendered (i) an overall decrease of the stress syndrome level, as evaluated through an expert system integrating biomarkers and (ii) statistically significant antagonistic deviations from the reference model systems to predict mixture toxicity. While toxicokinetic modeling did not explain mixture interactions, gene expression profiling and further Gene Ontology-based functional genomics analysis provided clues that the decrement of toxicity may arise from the development of specific toxicodynamics. Multivariate statistics of microarray data (238 genes in total, representing about 14% of the whole microarray catalogue) showed two separate patterns for the single chemicals: the one belonging to the heavy metal -135 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) was characterized by the modulation of transcript levels involved in nucleic acid metabolism, cell proliferation and lipid metabolic processes. Chlorpyrifos exposure (43 DEGs) yielded a molecular signature which was biased towards carbohydrate catabolism (indeed, chitin metabolism) and developmental processes. The exposure to the mixture (103 DEGs) elicited a composite complex profile which encompassed the core properties of the pesticide but also a relevant set of unique features. Finally, the relative mRNA abundance of twelve genes was followed by Q-PCR to either confirm or complement microarray data. These results, in general, were compatible with those from arrays and indeed confirmed the association of the relative abundance of two GM-2 ganglioside activator genes in the development of the hyperlipidosis syndrome observed in digestive gland lysosomes of single chemical exposed mussels. CONCLUSION The transcriptomic assessment fitted with biological data to indicate the occurrence of different toxicodynamic events and, in general, a decrease of toxicity, driven by the mitigation or even abolition of lysosomal responses. Furthermore, our results emphasized the importance of the application of mechanistic approaches and the power of systems assessment to study toxicological responses in ecologically relevant organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Dondero
- Department of Environmental and Life Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale Amedeo Avogadro, Alessandria, Italy.
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Yoon J, Kim ES, Lee SJ, Park CW, Cha HJ, Hong BH, Choi KY. Apoptosis-related mRNA expression profiles of ovarian cancer cell lines following cisplatin treatment. J Gynecol Oncol 2010; 21:255-61. [PMID: 21278888 DOI: 10.3802/jgo.2010.21.4.255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2010] [Revised: 11/11/2010] [Accepted: 11/18/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to identify apoptosis-related genes of ovarian cancer cell lines following cisplatin treatment. METHODS We used IC(50) values and fluorescence-activated cell sorting analysis to compare cell death in 2 ovarian cancer cell lines, namely, SKOV-3 and OVCAR-3, upon treatment with cisplatin. Moreover, the change in transcriptional levels of apoptosis-associated genes was measured with a dendron-modified DNA microarray. RESULTS The protein levels for the up-regulated genes in each cell line were validated to identify the molecules that may determine the cellular behavior of cisplatin resistance. Eight genes were over-expressed in the 2 cell lines. The cisplatin-induced up-regulation of DAD1 in transcriptional and protein levels contributed to the cisplatin resistance of OVCAR-3, and the up-regulation of FASTK and TNFRSF11A in SKOV-3 resulted in its higher sensitivity to cisplatin than that of OVCAR-3. CONCLUSION In the present study, we have identified a set of genes responsible for apoptosis following cisplatin treatment in ovarian cancer cell lines. These genes may give information about the understanding of cisplatin-induced apoptosis in ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joohee Yoon
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, St. Vincent's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Suwon, Korea
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Vento MT, Zazzu V, Loffreda A, Cross JR, Downward J, Stoppelli MP, Iaccarino I. Praf2 is a novel Bcl-xL/Bcl-2 interacting protein with the ability to modulate survival of cancer cells. PLoS One 2010; 5:e15636. [PMID: 21203533 PMCID: PMC3006391 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0015636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2010] [Accepted: 11/18/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased expression of Bcl-xL in cancer has been shown to confer resistance to a broad range of apoptotic stimuli and to modulate a number of other aspects of cellular physiology, including energy metabolism, cell cycle, autophagy, mitochondrial fission/fusion and cellular adhesion. However, only few of these activities have a mechanistic explanation. Here we used Tandem Affinity purification to identify novel Bcl-xL interacting proteins that could explain the pleiotropic effects of Bcl-xL overexpression. Among the several proteins co-purifying with Bcl-xL, we focused on Praf2, a protein with a predicted role in trafficking. The interaction of Praf2 with Bcl-xL was found to be dependent on the transmembrane domain of Bcl-xL. We found that Bcl-2 also interacts with Praf2 and that Bcl-xL and Bcl-2 can interact also with Arl6IP5, an homologue of Praf2. Interestingly, overexpression of Praf2 results in the translocation of Bax to mitochondria and the induction of apoptotic cell death. Praf2 dependent cell death is prevented by the co-transfection of Bcl-xL but not by its transmembrane domain deleted mutant. Accordingly, knock-down of Praf2 increases clonogenicity of U2OS cells following etoposide treatment by reducing cell death. In conclusion a screen for Bcl-xL-interacting membrane proteins let us identify a novel proapoptotic protein whose activity is strongly counteracted exclusively by membrane targeted Bcl-xL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Teresa Vento
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics “Adriano Buzzati-Traverso,” Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Naples, Italy
| | - Valeria Zazzu
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics “Adriano Buzzati-Traverso,” Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Naples, Italy
| | - Alessia Loffreda
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics “Adriano Buzzati-Traverso,” Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Naples, Italy
| | - Justin R. Cross
- Signal Transduction Laboratory, Cancer Research UK, London Research Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - Julian Downward
- Signal Transduction Laboratory, Cancer Research UK, London Research Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Patrizia Stoppelli
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics “Adriano Buzzati-Traverso,” Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Naples, Italy
| | - Ingram Iaccarino
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics “Adriano Buzzati-Traverso,” Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Naples, Italy
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Wang L, Zi XD, Zhong JC. Molecular Cloning and Characterization of a Defender Against Cell Death 1 Gene Homologue in Yak (Bos grunniens). JOURNAL OF APPLIED ANIMAL RESEARCH 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/09712119.2010.10539514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Cacas JL. Devil inside: does plant programmed cell death involve the endomembrane system? PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2010; 33:1453-1473. [PMID: 20082668 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3040.2010.02117.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Eukaryotic cells have to constantly cope with environmental cues and integrate developmental signals. Cell survival or death is the only possible outcome. In the field of animal biology, tremendous efforts have been put into the understanding of mechanisms underlying cell fate decision. Distinct organelles have been proven to sense a broad range of stimuli and, if necessary, engage cell death signalling pathway(s). Over the years, forward and reverse genetic screens have uncovered numerous regulators of programmed cell death (PCD) in plants. However, to date, molecular networks are far from being deciphered and, apart from the autophagic compartment, no organelles have been assigned a clear role in the regulation of cellular suicide. The endomembrane system (ES) seems, nevertheless, to harbour a significant number of cell death mediators. In this review, the involvement of this system in the control of plant PCD is discussed in-depth, as well as compared and contrasted with what is known in animal and yeast systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Luc Cacas
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Equipe 2, Mécanismes des Résistances, Montpellier Cedex 5, France.
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Flanagan L, Whyte L, Chatterjee N, Tenniswood M. Effects of clusterin over-expression on metastatic progression and therapy in breast cancer. BMC Cancer 2010; 10:107. [PMID: 20307318 PMCID: PMC2856549 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-10-107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2009] [Accepted: 03/22/2010] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Clusterin is a secreted glycoprotein that is upregulated in a variety of cell lines in response to stress, and enhances cell survival. A second nuclear isoform of clusterin that is associated with cell death has also been identified. The aim of this study was to determine the role(s) of the secretory isoform in breast tumor progression and metastasis. Methods To investigate the role of secretory clusterin in the biology of breast cancer tumor growth and resistance to therapy we have engineered an MCF-7 cell line (MCF-7CLU) that over-expresses clusterin. We have measured the in vitro effects of clusterin over-expression on cell cycle, cell death, and sensitivity to TNFalpha and tamoxifen. Using an orthotopic model of breast cancer, we have also determined the effects of over-expression of clusterin on tumor growth and metastatic progression. Results In vitro, over-expression of secretory clusterin alters the cell cycle kinetics and decreases the rate of cell death, resulting in the enhancement of cell growth. Over-expression of secretory clusterin also blocks the TNFalpha-mediated induction of p21 and abrogates the cleavage of Bax to t-Bax, rendering the MCF-7CLU cells significantly more resistant to the cytokine than the parental cells. Orthotopic primary tumors derived from MCF-7CLU cells grow significantly more rapidly than tumors derived from parental MCF-7 cells and, unlike the parental cells, metastasize frequently to the lungs. Conclusions These data suggest that secretory clusterin, which is frequently up-regulated in breast cancers by common therapies, including anti-estrogens, may play a significant role in tumor growth, metastatic progression and subsequent drug resistance in surviving cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Flanagan
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
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