1
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Brunetti-Pierri N. Liver gene therapy: The magic bullet for the sick lung. Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev 2022; 26:72-73. [PMID: 35782595 PMCID: PMC9207603 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2022.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Brunetti-Pierri
- Department of Translational Medicine, Section of Pediatrics, Federico II University, Naples, Italy.,Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy.,Scuola Superiore Meridionale, School for Advanced Studies, Naples, Italy
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2
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Neill T, Iozzo RV. The Role of Decorin Proteoglycan in Mitophagy. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14030804. [PMID: 35159071 PMCID: PMC8834502 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14030804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The eminent rise of extracellular matrix constituents, chiefly hailing from the proteoglycan gene family, has revolutionized our understanding of how intracellular catabolism is regulated at the intersection of autophagy and breast cancer. In this review, we examine the mechanisms of decorin, a small leucine-rich proteoglycan, as it relates to autophagy and mitochondrial autophagy (mitophagy). In each case, decorin signals via a unique cell surface receptor tyrosine kinase to evoke autophagy (VEGFR2) or mitophagy (MET receptor) that converges on a novel tumor suppressor gene. The downstream function of either Peg3 or mitostatin in response to decorin manifests as potent means to subdue breast cancer development and progression. Abstract Proteoglycans are emerging as critical regulators of intracellular catabolism. This rise in prominence has transformed our basic understanding and alerted us to the existence of non-canonical pathways, independent of nutrient deprivation, that potently control the autophagy downstream of a cell surface receptor. As a member of the small leucine-rich proteoglycan gene family, decorin has single-handedly pioneered the connection between extracellular matrix signaling and autophagy regulation. Soluble decorin evokes protracted endothelial cell autophagy via Peg3 and breast carcinoma cell mitophagy via mitostatin by interacting with VEGFR2 or the MET receptor tyrosine kinase, respectively. In this paper, we give a mechanistic perspective of the vital factors underlying the nutrient-independent, SLRP-dependent programs utilized for autophagic and/or mitophagic progression in breast cancer. Future protein therapies based on decorin (or fellow proteoglycan members) will represent a quantum leap forward in transforming autophagic progression into a powerful tool to control intracellular cell catabolism from the outside.
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3
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Song R, Lei H, Feng L, Cheng W, Li Y, Yao LL, Liu J. TFEB insufficiency promotes cardiac hypertrophy by blocking autophagic degradation of GATA4. J Biol Chem 2021; 297:101189. [PMID: 34517007 PMCID: PMC8498468 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.101189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagosome-lysosome pathway (ALP) insufficiency has been suggested to play a critical role in the pathogenesis of cardiac hypertrophy. However, the mechanisms underlying ALP insufficiency remain largely unknown, and strategies to specifically manipulate ALP insufficiency for treating cardiac hypertrophy are lacking. Transcription factor EB (TFEB), as a master regulator of ALP, regulates the generation and function of autophagosomes and lysosomes. We found that TFEB was significantly decreased, whereas autophagosome markers were increased in phenylephrine (PE)-induced and transverse aortic constriction-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and failing hearts from patients with dilated cardiomyopathy. Knocking down TFEB induced ALP insufficiency, as indicated by increased autophagosome markers, decreased light chain 3II flux, and cardiomyocyte hypertrophy manifested through increased levels of atrial natriuretic peptide and β-myosin heavy chain and enlarged cell size. The effects of TFEB knockdown were abolished by promoting autophagy. TFEB overexpression improved autophagic flux and attenuated PE-stimulated cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and transverse aortic constriction-induced hypertrophic remodeling, fibrosis, and cardiac dysfunction. Curcumin analog compound C1, a specific TFEB activator, similarly attenuated PE-induced ALP insufficiency and cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. TFEB knockdown increased the accumulation of GATA4, a transcription factor for several genes causing cardiac hypertrophy by blocking autophagic degradation of GATA4, whereas knocking down GATA4 attenuated TFEB downregulation-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. Both TFEB overexpression and C1 promoted GATA4 autophagic degradation and alleviated PE-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. In conclusion, TFEB downregulation plays a vital role in the development of pressure overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy by causing ALP insufficiency and blocking autophagic degradation. Activation of TFEB represents a potential therapeutic strategy for treating cardiac hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Song
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Genome Stability and Human Disease Prevention, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China; College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Han Lei
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Feng
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan People's Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wanwen Cheng
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Genome Stability and Human Disease Prevention, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Genome Stability and Human Disease Prevention, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ling Ling Yao
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong College of Pharmacy, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Genome Stability and Human Disease Prevention, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China.
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4
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Neill T, Buraschi S, Kapoor A, Iozzo RV. Proteoglycan-driven Autophagy: A Nutrient-independent Mechanism to Control Intracellular Catabolism. J Histochem Cytochem 2020; 68:733-746. [PMID: 32623955 PMCID: PMC7649965 DOI: 10.1369/0022155420937370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Proteoglycans are rapidly emerging as versatile regulators of intracellular catabolic pathways. This is predominantly achieved via the non-canonical induction of autophagy, a fundamentally and evolutionarily conserved eukaryotic pathway necessary for maintaining organismal homeostasis. Autophagy facilitated by either decorin, a small leucine-rich proteoglycan, or perlecan, a basement membrane heparan sulfate proteoglycan, proceeds independently of ambient nutrient conditions. We found that soluble decorin evokes endothelial cell autophagy and breast carcinoma cell mitophagy by directly interacting with vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2) or the Met receptor tyrosine kinase, respectively. Endorepellin, a soluble, proteolytic fragment of perlecan, induces autophagy and endoplasmic reticulum stress within the vasculature, downstream of VEGFR2. These potent matrix-derived cues transduce key biological information via receptor binding to converge upon a newly discovered nexus of core autophagic machinery comprised of Peg3 (paternally expressed gene 3) for autophagy or mitostatin for mitophagy. Here, we give a mechanistic overview of the nutrient-independent, proteoglycan-driven programs utilized for autophagic or mitophagic progression. We propose that catabolic control of cell behavior is an underlying basis for proteoglycan versatility and may provide novel therapeutic targets for the treatment of human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Neill
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy & Cell Biology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Simone Buraschi
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy & Cell Biology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Aastha Kapoor
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy & Cell Biology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Renato V Iozzo
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy & Cell Biology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
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5
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Fan J, Shi Y, Peng Y. Autophagy and Liver Diseases. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1207:497-528. [PMID: 32671772 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-15-4272-5_37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy plays an important role in the physiology and pathology of the liver. It is involved in the development of many liver diseases such as α-1-antitrypsin deficiency, chronic hepatitis virus infection, alcoholic liver disease, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and liver cancer. Autophagy has thus become a new target for the treatment of liver diseases. How to treat liver diseases by regulating autophagy has been a hot topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Fan
- Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 FengLin Road, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yinghong Shi
- Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 FengLin Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanfei Peng
- Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 FengLin Road, Shanghai, China
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6
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Vece TJ, Wambach JA, Hagood JS. Childhood rare lung disease in the 21st century: "-omics" technology advances accelerating discovery. Pediatr Pulmonol 2020; 55:1828-1837. [PMID: 32533908 PMCID: PMC8711209 DOI: 10.1002/ppul.24809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Childhood rare lung diseases comprise a large number of heterogeneous respiratory disorders that are individually rare but are collectively associated with substantial morbidity, mortality, and healthcare resource utilization. Although the genetic mechanisms for several of these disorders have been elucidated, the pathogenesis mechanisms for others remain poorly understood and treatment options remain limited. Childhood rare lung diseases are enriched for genetic etiologies; identification of the disease mechanisms underlying these rare disorders can inform the biology of normal human lung development and has implications for the treatment of more common respiratory diseases in children and adults. Advances in "-omics" technology, such as genomic sequencing, clinical phenotyping, biomarker discovery, genome editing, in vitro and model organism disease modeling, single-cell analyses, cellular imaging, and high-throughput drug screening have enabled significant progress for diagnosis and treatment of rare childhood lung diseases. The most striking example of this progress has been realized for patients with cystic fibrosis for whom effective, personalized therapies based on CFTR genotype are now available. In this chapter, we focus on recent technology advances in childhood rare lung diseases, acknowledge persistent challenges, and identify promising new technologies that will impact not only biological discovery, but also improve diagnosis, therapies, and survival for children with these rare disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy J. Vece
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Program for Rare and Interstitial Lung Disease, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Jennifer A. Wambach
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Edward Mallinckrodt Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - James S. Hagood
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Program for Rare and Interstitial Lung Disease, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
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7
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Janssen-Heininger Y, Reynaert NL, van der Vliet A, Anathy V. Endoplasmic reticulum stress and glutathione therapeutics in chronic lung diseases. Redox Biol 2020; 33:101516. [PMID: 32249209 PMCID: PMC7251249 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2020.101516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yvonne Janssen-Heininger
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont, Larner College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA.
| | - Niki L Reynaert
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Albert van der Vliet
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont, Larner College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA
| | - Vikas Anathy
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont, Larner College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA
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8
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Pei F, Li H, Liu B, Bahar I. Quantitative Systems Pharmacological Analysis of Drugs of Abuse Reveals the Pleiotropy of Their Targets and the Effector Role of mTORC1. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:191. [PMID: 30906261 PMCID: PMC6418047 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Existing treatments against drug addiction are often ineffective due to the complexity of the networks of protein-drug and protein-protein interactions (PPIs) that mediate the development of drug addiction and related neurobiological disorders. There is an urgent need for understanding the molecular mechanisms that underlie drug addiction toward designing novel preventive or therapeutic strategies. The rapidly accumulating data on addictive drugs and their targets as well as advances in machine learning methods and computing technology now present an opportunity to systematically mine existing data and draw inferences on potential new strategies. To this aim, we carried out a comprehensive analysis of cellular pathways implicated in a diverse set of 50 drugs of abuse using quantitative systems pharmacology methods. The analysis of the drug/ligand-target interactions compiled in DrugBank and STITCH databases revealed 142 known and 48 newly predicted targets, which have been further analyzed to identify the KEGG pathways enriched at different stages of drug addiction cycle, as well as those implicated in cell signaling and regulation events associated with drug abuse. Apart from synaptic neurotransmission pathways detected as upstream signaling modules that “sense” the early effects of drugs of abuse, pathways involved in neuroplasticity are distinguished as determinants of neuronal morphological changes. Notably, many signaling pathways converge on important targets such as mTORC1. The latter emerges as a universal effector of the persistent restructuring of neurons in response to continued use of drugs of abuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fen Pei
- Department of Computational and Systems Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Hongchun Li
- Department of Computational and Systems Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Bing Liu
- Department of Computational and Systems Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Ivet Bahar
- Department of Computational and Systems Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
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9
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Bajaj L, Lotfi P, Pal R, di Ronza A, Sharma J, Sardiello M. Lysosome biogenesis in health and disease. J Neurochem 2019; 148:573-589. [PMID: 30092616 PMCID: PMC6368902 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Revised: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
This review focuses on the pathways that regulate lysosome biogenesis and that are implicated in numerous degenerative storage diseases, including lysosomal storage disorders and late-onset neurodegenerative diseases. Lysosomal proteins are synthesized in the endoplasmic reticulum and trafficked to the endolysosomal system through the secretory route. Several receptors have been characterized that execute post-Golgi trafficking of lysosomal proteins. Some of them recognize their cargo proteins based on specific amino acid signatures, others based on a particular glycan modification that is exclusively found on lysosomal proteins. Nearly all receptors serving lysosome biogenesis are under the transcriptional control of transcription factor EB (TFEB), a master regulator of the lysosomal system. TFEB coordinates the expression of lysosomal hydrolases, lysosomal membrane proteins, and autophagy proteins in response to pathways sensing lysosomal stress and the nutritional conditions of the cell among other stimuli. TFEB is primed for activation in lysosomal storage disorders but surprisingly its function is impaired in some late-onset neurodegenerative storage diseases like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's, because of specific detrimental interactions that limit TFEB expression or activation. Thus, disrupted TFEB function presumably plays a role in the pathogenesis of these diseases. Multiple studies in animal models of degenerative storage diseases have shown that exogenous expression of TFEB and pharmacological activation of endogenous TFEB attenuate disease phenotypes. These results highlight TFEB-mediated enhancement of lysosomal biogenesis and function as a candidate strategy to counteract the progression of these diseases. This article is part of the Special Issue "Lysosomal Storage Disorders".
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Affiliation(s)
- Lakshya Bajaj
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX 77030 USA
| | - Parisa Lotfi
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX 77030 USA
| | - Rituraj Pal
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX 77030 USA
| | - Alberto di Ronza
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX 77030 USA
| | - Jaiprakash Sharma
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX 77030 USA
| | - Marco Sardiello
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX 77030 USA
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10
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Bodas M, Vij N. Adapting Proteostasis and Autophagy for Controlling the Pathogenesis of Cystic Fibrosis Lung Disease. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:20. [PMID: 30774592 PMCID: PMC6367269 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF), a fatal genetic disorder predominant in the Caucasian population, is caused by mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (Cftr) gene. The most common mutation is the deletion of phenylalanine from the position-508 (F508del-CFTR), resulting in a misfolded-CFTR protein, which is unable to fold, traffic and retain its plasma membrane (PM) localization. The resulting CFTR dysfunction, dysregulates variety of key cellular mechanisms such as chloride ion transport, airway surface liquid (ASL) homeostasis, mucociliary-clearance, inflammatory-oxidative signaling, and proteostasis that includes ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) and autophagy. A collective dysregulation of these key homoeostatic mechanisms contributes to the development of chronic obstructive cystic fibrosis lung disease, instead of the classical belief focused exclusively on ion-transport defect. Hence, therapeutic intervention(s) aimed at rescuing chronic CF lung disease needs to correct underlying defect that mediates homeostatic dysfunctions and not just chloride ion transport. Since targeting all the myriad defects individually could be quite challenging, it will be prudent to identify a process which controls almost all disease-promoting processes in the CF airways including underlying CFTR dysfunction. There is emerging experimental and clinical evidence that supports the notion that impaired cellular proteostasis and autophagy plays a central role in regulating pathogenesis of chronic CF lung disease. Thus, correcting the underlying proteostasis and autophagy defect in controlling CF pulmonary disease, primarily via correcting the protein processing defect of F508del-CFTR protein has emerged as a novel intervention strategy. Hence, we discuss here both the rationale and significant therapeutic utility of emerging proteostasis and autophagy modulating drugs/compounds in controlling chronic CF lung disease, where targeted delivery is a critical factor-influencing efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manish Bodas
- Department of Medicine, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - Neeraj Vij
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonary Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States.,4Dx Limited, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,VIJ Biotech LLC, Baltimore, MD, United States
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11
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Nureki SI, Tomer Y, Venosa A, Katzen J, Russo SJ, Jamil S, Barrett M, Nguyen V, Kopp M, Mulugeta S, Beers MF. Expression of mutant Sftpc in murine alveolar epithelia drives spontaneous lung fibrosis. J Clin Invest 2018; 128:4008-4024. [PMID: 29920187 PMCID: PMC6118576 DOI: 10.1172/jci99287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial cell dysfunction is postulated as an important component in the pathogenesis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Mutations in the surfactant protein C (SP-C) gene (SFTPC), an alveolar type II (AT2) cell-restricted protein, have been found in sporadic and familial IPF. To causally link these events, we developed a knockin mouse model capable of regulated expression of an IPF-associated isoleucine-to-threonine substitution at codon 73 (I73T) in Sftpc (SP-CI73T). Tamoxifen-treated SP-CI73T cohorts developed rapid increases in SftpcI73T mRNA and misprocessed proSP-CI73T protein accompanied by increased early mortality (days 7-14). This acute phase was marked by diffuse parenchymal lung injury, tissue infiltration by monocytes, polycellular alveolitis, and elevations in bronchoalveolar lavage and AT2 mRNA content of select inflammatory cytokines. Resolution of alveolitis (2-4 weeks), commensurate with a rise in TGF-β1, was followed by aberrant remodeling marked by collagen deposition, AT2 cell hyperplasia, α-smooth muscle actin-positive (α-SMA-positive) cells, and restrictive lung physiology. The translational relevance of the model was supported by detection of multiple IPF biomarkers previously reported in human cohorts. These data provide proof of principle that mutant SP-C expression in vivo causes spontaneous lung fibrosis, strengthening the role of AT2 cell dysfunction as a key upstream driver of IPF pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin-Ichi Nureki
- Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Division, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Oita University, Yufu, Japan
| | - Yaniv Tomer
- Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Division, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Alessandro Venosa
- Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Division, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jeremy Katzen
- Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Division, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Scott J. Russo
- Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Division, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Sarita Jamil
- Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Division, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Matthew Barrett
- Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Division, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Vivian Nguyen
- Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Division, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Meghan Kopp
- Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Division, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Surafel Mulugeta
- Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Division, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Penn Center for Pulmonary Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Michael F. Beers
- Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Division, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Penn Center for Pulmonary Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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12
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Pan B, Zhang H, Cui T, Wang X. TFEB activation protects against cardiac proteotoxicity via increasing autophagic flux. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2017; 113:51-62. [PMID: 28993153 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2017.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2017] [Revised: 09/25/2017] [Accepted: 10/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Insufficient lysosomal removal of autophagic cargoes in cardiomyocytes has been suggested as a main cause for the impairment of the autophagic-lysosomal pathway (ALP) in many forms of heart disease including cardiac proteinopathy and may play an important pathogenic role; however, the molecular basis and the correcting strategy for the cardiac ALP insufficiency require further investigation. The present study was sought to determine whether myocardial expression and activity of TFEB, the recently identified ALP master regulator, are impaired in a cardiac proteinopathy mouse model and to determine the effect of genetic manipulation of TFEB expression on autophagy and proteotoxicity in a cardiomyocyte model of proteinopathy. We found that increased myocardial TFEB mRNA levels and a TFEB protein isoform switch were associated with marked decreases in the mRNA levels of representative TFEB target genes and increased mTORC1 activation, in mice with cardiac transgenic expression of a missense (R120G) mutant αB-crystallin (CryABR120G), a well-established model of cardiac proteinopathy. Using neonatal rat ventricular cardiomyocyte cultures, we demonstrated that downregulation of TFEB decreased autophagic flux in cardiomyocytes both at baseline and during CryABR120G overexpression and increased CryABR120G protein aggregates. Conversely, forced TFEB overexpression increased autophagic flux and remarkably attenuated the CryABR120G overexpression-induced accumulation of ubiquitinated proteins, caspase 3 cleavage, LDH leakage, and decreases in cell viability. Moreover, these protective effects of TFEB were dramatically diminished by inhibiting autophagy. We conclude that myocardial TFEB signaling is impaired in cardiac proteinopathy and forced TFEB overexpression protects against proteotoxicity in cardiomyocytes through improving ALP activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Pan
- Division of Basic Biomedical sciences, University of South Dakota Sanford School of Medicine, Vermillion, SD 57069, USA
| | - Hanming Zhang
- Division of Basic Biomedical sciences, University of South Dakota Sanford School of Medicine, Vermillion, SD 57069, USA
| | - Taixing Cui
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC 29209, USA
| | - Xuejun Wang
- Division of Basic Biomedical sciences, University of South Dakota Sanford School of Medicine, Vermillion, SD 57069, USA.
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13
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Bodas M, Patel N, Silverberg D, Walworth K, Vij N. Master Autophagy Regulator Transcription Factor EB Regulates Cigarette Smoke-Induced Autophagy Impairment and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-Emphysema Pathogenesis. Antioxid Redox Signal 2017; 27:150-167. [PMID: 27835930 PMCID: PMC5510670 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2016.6842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2016] [Revised: 11/06/2016] [Accepted: 11/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Recent studies have shown that cigarette smoke (CS)-induced oxidative stress impairs autophagy, resulting in aggresome-formation that correlates with severity of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)-emphysema, although the specific step in autophagy pathway that is impaired is unknown. Hence, in this study, we aimed to evaluate the role of master autophagy transcription factor EB (TFEB) in CS-induced COPD-emphysema pathogenesis. RESULTS We first observed that TFEB accumulates in perinuclear spaces as aggresome-bodies in COPD lung tissues of tobacco smokers and severe emphysema subjects, compared with non-emphysema or nonsmoker controls. Next, Beas2b cells and C57BL/6 mice were exposed to either cigarette smoke extract (CSE) or subchronic-CS (sc-CS), followed by treatment with potent TFEB-inducing drug, gemfibrozil (GEM, or fisetin as an alternate), to experimentally verify the role of TFEB in COPD. Our in vitro results indicate that GEM/fisetin-mediated TFEB induction significantly (p < 0.05) decreases CSE-induced autophagy-impairment (Ub/LC3B reporter and autophagy flux assay) and resulting aggresome-formation (Ub/p62 coexpression/accumulation; immunoblotting and staining) by controlling reactive oxygen species (ROS) activity. Intriguingly, we observed that CS induces TFEB accumulation in the insoluble protein fractions of Beas2b cells, which shows a partial rescue with GEM treatment. Moreover, TFEB knockdown induces oxidative stress, autophagy-impairment, and senescence, which can all be mitigated by GEM-mediated TFEB induction. Finally, in vivo studies were used to verify that CS-induced autophagy-impairment (increased Ub, p62, and valosin-containing protein in the insoluble protein fractions of lung/cell lysates), inflammation (interleukin-6 [IL-6] levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and iNOS expression in lung sections), apoptosis (caspase-3/7), and resulting emphysema (hematoxylin and eosin [H&E]) can be controlled by GEM-mediated TFEB induction (p < 0.05). INNOVATION CS exposure impairs autophagy in COPD-emphysema by inducing perinuclear localization of master autophagy regulator, TFEB, to aggresome-bodies. CONCLUSION TFEB-inducing drug(s) can control CS-induced TFEB/autophagy-impairment and COPD-emphysema pathogenesis. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 27, 150-167.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manish Bodas
- College of Medicine, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, Michigan
| | - Neel Patel
- College of Medicine, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, Michigan
| | - David Silverberg
- College of Medicine, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, Michigan
| | - Kyla Walworth
- College of Medicine, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, Michigan
| | - Neeraj Vij
- College of Medicine, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, Michigan
- Department of Pediatrics and Pulmonary Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
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14
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Wang X, Cui T. Autophagy modulation: a potential therapeutic approach in cardiac hypertrophy. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2017; 313:H304-H319. [PMID: 28576834 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00145.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Revised: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 05/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved process used by the cell to degrade cytoplasmic contents for quality control, survival for temporal energy crisis, and catabolism and recycling. Rapidly increasing evidence has revealed an important pathogenic role of altered activity of the autophagosome-lysosome pathway (ALP) in cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure. Although an early study suggested that cardiac autophagy is increased and that this increase is maladaptive to the heart subject to pressure overload, more recent reports have overwhelmingly supported that myocardial ALP insufficiency results from chronic pressure overload and contributes to maladaptive cardiac remodeling and heart failure. This review examines multiple lines of preclinical evidence derived from recent studies regarding the role of autophagic dysfunction in pressure-overloaded hearts, attempts to reconcile the discrepancies, and proposes that resuming or improving ALP flux through coordinated enhancement of both the formation and the removal of autophagosomes would benefit the treatment of cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure resulting from chronic pressure overload.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejun Wang
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, University of South Dakota Sanford School of Medicine, Vermillion, South Dakota; and
| | - Taixing Cui
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, South Carolina
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15
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Zhang H, Luo J, Alcorn JF, Chen K, Fan S, Pilewski J, Liu A, Chen W, Kolls JK, Wang J. AIM2 Inflammasome Is Critical for Influenza-Induced Lung Injury and Mortality. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 198:4383-4393. [PMID: 28424239 PMCID: PMC5439025 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1600714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2) inflammasome plays an important role in many viral and bacterial infections, but very little is known about its role in RNA virus infection, including influenza A virus (IAV). In this study, we have designed in vivo and in vitro studies to determine the role of AIM2 in infections with lethal doses of IAVs A/PR8/34 and A/California/07/09. In wild-type mice, IAV infection enhanced AIM2 expression, induced dsDNA release, and stimulated caspase-1 activation and release of cleaved IL-1β in the lung, which was significantly reduced in AIM2-deficient mice. Interestingly, AIM2 deficiency did not affect the transcription of caspase-1 and IL-1β. In addition, AIM2-deficient mice exhibited attenuated lung injury and significantly improved survival against IAV challenges, but did not alter viral burden in the lung. However, AIM2 deficiency did not seem to affect adaptive immune response against IAV infections. Furthermore, experiments with AIM2-specific small interfering RNA-treated and AIM2-deficient human and mouse lung alveolar macrophages and type II cells indicated a macrophage-specific function of AIM2 in regulation of IAV-stimulated proinflammatory response. Collectively, our results demonstrate that influenza infection activates the AIM2 inflammasome, which plays a critical role in IAV-induced lung injury and mortality. AIM2 might serve as a therapeutic target for combating influenza-associated morbidity and mortality without compromising the host antiviral responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbo Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15224
| | - Jiadi Luo
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15224.,Department of Pathology, Second Affiliated Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - John F Alcorn
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15224
| | - Kong Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15224
| | - Songqing Fan
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15224.,Department of Pathology, Second Affiliated Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Joseph Pilewski
- Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15224; and
| | - Aizhong Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15224
| | - Jay K Kolls
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15224
| | - Jieru Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15224;
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16
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Perlmutter DH. α1-antitrypsin Deficiency: A Misfolded Secretory Protein Variant with Unique Effects on the Endoplasmic Reticulum. ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM STRESS IN DISEASES 2016; 3:63-72. [PMID: 28217691 PMCID: PMC5310618 DOI: 10.1515/ersc-2016-0004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
In the classical form of α1-antitrypsin deficiency (ATD) a point mutation leads to accumulation of a misfolded secretory glycoprotein in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of liver cells and so ATD has come to be considered a prototypical ER storage disease. It is associated with two major types of clinical disorders, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) by loss-of-function mechanisms and hepatic cirrhosis and carcinogenesis by gain-of-function mechanisms. The lung disease predominantly results from proteolytic damage to the pulmonary connective tissue matrix because of reduced levels of protease inhibitor activity of α1-anitrypsin (AT) in the circulating blood and body fluids. Cigarette smoking is a powerful disease-promoting modifier but other modifiers are known to exist because variation in the lung disease phenotype is still found in smoking and non-smoking homozygotes. The liver disease is highly likely to be caused by the proteotoxic effects of intracellular misfolded protein accumulation and a high degree of variation in the hepatic phenotype among affected homozygotes has been hypothetically attributed to genetic and environmental modifiers that alter proteostasis responses. Liver biopsies of homozygotes show intrahepatocytic inclusions with dilation and expansion of the ER and recent studies of iPS-derived hepatocyte-like cells from individuals with ATD indicate that the changes in the ER directly vary with the hepatic phenotype i.e there is much lesser alteration in the ER in cells derived from homozygotes that do not have clinically significant liver disease. From a signaling perspective, studies in mammalian cell line and animal models expressing the classical α1-antitrypsin Z variant (ATZ) have found that ER signaling is perturbed in a relatively unique way with powerful activation of autophagy and the NFκB pathway but relatively limited, if any, UPR signaling. It is still not known how much these unique structural and functional changes and the variation among affected homozygotes relate to the tendency of this variant to polymerize and aggregate and/or to the repertoire of proteostasis mechanisms that are activated.
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Affiliation(s)
- David H Perlmutter
- Corresponding author: David H Perlmutter, School of Medicine, Washington University in St Louis, 660 South Euclid Boulevard, St Louis, Missouri 63130, 314-362-6827,
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17
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Disrupted autophagy undermines skeletal muscle adaptation and integrity. Mamm Genome 2016; 27:525-537. [PMID: 27484057 PMCID: PMC5110612 DOI: 10.1007/s00335-016-9659-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
This review assesses the importance of proteostasis in skeletal muscle maintenance with a specific emphasis on autophagy. Skeletal muscle appears to be particularly vulnerable to genetic defects in basal and induced autophagy, indicating that autophagy is co-substantial to skeletal muscle maintenance and adaptation. We discuss emerging evidence that tension-induced protein unfolding may act as a direct link between mechanical stress and autophagic pathways. Mechanistic links between protein damage, autophagy and muscle hypertrophy, which is also induced by mechanical stress, are still poorly understood. However, some mouse models of muscle disease show ameliorated symptoms upon effective targeting of basal autophagy. These findings highlight the importance of autophagy as therapeutic target and suggest that elucidating connections between protein unfolding and mTOR-dependent or mTOR-independent hypertrophic responses is likely to reveal specific therapeutic windows for the treatment of muscle wasting disorders.
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18
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O'Dwyer DN, Ashley SL, Moore BB. Influences of innate immunity, autophagy, and fibroblast activation in the pathogenesis of lung fibrosis. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2016; 311:L590-601. [PMID: 27474089 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00221.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2016] [Accepted: 07/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive interstitial lung disease characterized by accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) and impaired gas exchange. The pathobiological mechanisms that account for disease progression are poorly understood but likely involve alterations in innate inflammatory cells, epithelial cells, and fibroblasts. Thus we seek to review the most recent literature highlighting the complex roles of neutrophils and macrophages as both promoters of fibrosis and defenders against infection. With respect to epithelial cells and fibroblasts, we review the data suggesting that defective autophagy promotes the fibrogenic potential of both cell types and discuss new evidence related to matrix metalloproteinases, growth factors, and cellular metabolism in the form of lactic acid generation that may have consequences for promoting fibrogenesis. We discuss potential cross talk between innate and structural cell types and also highlight literature that may help explain the limitations of current IPF therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- David N O'Dwyer
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Shanna L Ashley
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Graduate Program in Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; and
| | - Bethany B Moore
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
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19
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Aggarwal S, Mannam P, Zhang J. Differential regulation of autophagy and mitophagy in pulmonary diseases. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2016; 311:L433-52. [PMID: 27402690 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00128.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2016] [Accepted: 07/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Lysosomal-mediated degradation of intracellular lipids, proteins and organelles, known as autophagy, represents a inducible adaptive response to lung injury resulting from exposure to insults, such as hypoxia, microbes, inflammation, ischemia-reperfusion, pharmaceuticals (e.g., bleomycin), or inhaled xenobiotics (i.e., air pollution, cigarette smoke). This process clears damaged or toxic cellular constituents and facilitates cell survival in stressful environments. Autophagic degradation of dysfunctional or damaged mitochondria is termed mitophagy. Enhanced mitophagy is usually an early response to promote survival. However, overwhelming or prolonged mitochondrial damage can induce excessive/pathological levels of mitophagy, thereby promoting cell death and tissue injury. Autophagy/mitophagy is therefore an important modulator in human pulmonary diseases and a potential therapeutic target. This review article will summarize the most recent studies highlighting the role of autophagy/mitophagy and its molecular pathways involved in stress response in pulmonary pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saurabh Aggarwal
- Division of Molecular and Translational Biomedicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Praveen Mannam
- Department of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut; and
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
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20
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Pabon MA, Ma KC, Choi AMK. Autophagy and Obesity-Related Lung Disease. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2016; 54:636-46. [PMID: 26900794 PMCID: PMC5455357 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2016-0045ps] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity-related disease is a significant source of premature death and economic burden globally. It is also a common comorbidity in patients suffering from lung disease, affecting both severity and treatment success. However, this complex association between obesity and the lung is poorly understood. Autophagy is a self-recycling homeostatic process that has been linked to beneficial or deleterious effects, depending on the specific lung disease. Obesity affects autophagy in a tissue-specific manner, activating autophagy in adipocytes and impairing autophagy in hepatocytes, immune cells, and pancreatic β-cells, among others. Obesity is also characterized by chronic low-grade inflammation that can be modulated by the pro- and antiinflammatory effects of the autophagic machinery. Scant evidence exists regarding the impact of autophagy in obesity-related lung diseases, but there are communal pathways that could be related to disease pathogenesis. Important signaling molecules in obesity, including IL-17, leptin, adiponectin, NLRP3 inflammasome, and TLR-4, have been implicated in the pathogenesis of lung disease. These mediators are known to be modulated by autophagy activity. In this perspective, we highlight the recent advances in the understanding of autophagy in obesity-related conditions, as well as the potential mechanisms that can link autophagy and obesity in the pathogenesis of lung disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria A Pabon
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Kevin C Ma
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Augustine M K Choi
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
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21
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Sardiello M. Transcription factor EB: from master coordinator of lysosomal pathways to candidate therapeutic target in degenerative storage diseases. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2016; 1371:3-14. [PMID: 27299292 PMCID: PMC5032832 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.13131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2016] [Revised: 05/15/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The lysosome is the main catabolic hub of the cell. Owing to its role in fundamental processes such as autophagy, plasma membrane repair, mTOR signaling, and maintenance of cellular homeostasis, the lysosome has a profound influence on cellular metabolism and human health. Indeed, inefficient or impaired lysosomal function has been implicated in the pathogenesis of a number of degenerative diseases affecting various organs and tissues, most notably the brain, liver, and muscle. The discovery of the coordinated lysosomal expression and regulation (CLEAR) genetic program and its master controller, transcription factor EB (TFEB), has provided an unprecedented tool to study and manipulate lysosomal function. Most lysosome-based processes-including macromolecule degradation, autophagy, lysosomal exocytosis, and proteostasis-are under the transcriptional control of TFEB. Interestingly, impaired TFEB signaling has been suggested to be a contributing factor in the pathogenesis of several degenerative storage diseases. Preclinical studies based on TFEB exogenous expression to reinstate TFEB activity or promote CLEAR network-based lysosomal enhancement have highlighted TFEB as a candidate therapeutic target for the treatment of various degenerative storage diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Sardiello
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, and Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute at Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas
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