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Milunovic MNM, Ohui K, Besleaga I, Petrasheuskaya TV, Dömötör O, Enyedy ÉA, Darvasiova D, Rapta P, Barbieriková Z, Vegh D, Tóth S, Tóth J, Kucsma N, Szakács G, Popović-Bijelić A, Zafar A, Reynisson J, Shutalev AD, Bai R, Hamel E, Arion VB. Copper(II) Complexes with Isomeric Morpholine-Substituted 2-Formylpyridine Thiosemicarbazone Hybrids as Potential Anticancer Drugs Inhibiting Both Ribonucleotide Reductase and Tubulin Polymerization: The Morpholine Position Matters. J Med Chem 2024. [PMID: 38771959 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c00259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
The development of copper(II) thiosemicarbazone complexes as potential anticancer agents, possessing dual functionality as inhibitors of R2 ribonucleotide reductase (RNR) and tubulin polymerization by binding at the colchicine site, presents a promising avenue for enhancing therapeutic effectiveness. Herein, we describe the syntheses and physicochemical characterization of four isomeric proligands H2L3-H2L6, with the methylmorpholine substituent at pertinent positions of the pyridine ring, along with their corresponding Cu(II) complexes 3-6. Evidently, the position of the morpholine moiety and the copper(II) complex formation have marked effects on the in vitro antiproliferative activity in human uterine sarcoma MES-SA cells and the multidrug-resistant derivative MES-SA/Dx5 cells. Activity correlated strongly with quenching of the tyrosyl radical (Y•) of mouse R2 RNR protein, inhibition of RNR activity in the cancer cells, and inhibition of tubulin polymerization. Insights into the mechanism of antiproliferative activity, supported by experimental results and molecular modeling calculations, are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Katerina Ohui
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna A-1090, Austria
| | - Iuliana Besleaga
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna A-1090, Austria
| | - Tatsiana V Petrasheuskaya
- Department of Molecular and Analytical Chemistry, Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, University of Szeged, Dóm tér 7-8, Szeged H-6720, Hungary
- MTA-SZTE Lendület Functional Metal Complexes Research Group, University of Szeged, Dóm tér 7, Szeged H-6720, Hungary
| | - Orsolya Dömötör
- Department of Molecular and Analytical Chemistry, Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, University of Szeged, Dóm tér 7-8, Szeged H-6720, Hungary
- MTA-SZTE Lendület Functional Metal Complexes Research Group, University of Szeged, Dóm tér 7, Szeged H-6720, Hungary
| | - Éva A Enyedy
- Department of Molecular and Analytical Chemistry, Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, University of Szeged, Dóm tér 7-8, Szeged H-6720, Hungary
- MTA-SZTE Lendület Functional Metal Complexes Research Group, University of Szeged, Dóm tér 7, Szeged H-6720, Hungary
| | - Denisa Darvasiova
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Chemical Physics, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Bratislava SK-81237, Slovakia
| | - Peter Rapta
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Chemical Physics, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Bratislava SK-81237, Slovakia
| | - Zuzana Barbieriková
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Chemical Physics, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Bratislava SK-81237, Slovakia
| | - Daniel Vegh
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Bratislava SK-81237, Slovakia
| | - Szilárd Tóth
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Research Network, Magyar Tudósok körútja 2, Budapest H-1117, Hungary
| | - Judit Tóth
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Research Network, Magyar Tudósok körútja 2, Budapest H-1117, Hungary
| | - Nóra Kucsma
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Research Network, Magyar Tudósok körútja 2, Budapest H-1117, Hungary
| | - Gergely Szakács
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Research Network, Magyar Tudósok körútja 2, Budapest H-1117, Hungary
- Center for Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna A-1090, Austria
| | - Ana Popović-Bijelić
- Faculty of Physical Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Belgrade 11158, Serbia
| | - Ayesha Zafar
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Jóhannes Reynisson
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Newcastle-under-Lyme, Staffordshire ST5 5BG, United Kingdom
| | - Anatoly D Shutalev
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Ruoli Bai
- Molecular Pharmacology Branch, Developmental Therapeutics Program, Division of Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment, National Cancer Institute, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
| | - Ernest Hamel
- Molecular Pharmacology Branch, Developmental Therapeutics Program, Division of Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment, National Cancer Institute, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
| | - Vladimir B Arion
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna A-1090, Austria
- Inorganic Polymers Department, "Petru Poni" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Aleea Gr. Ghica Voda 41 A, Iasi 700487, Romania
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2
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Chen B, Zhang Y, Niu Y, Wang Y, Liu Y, Ji H, Han R, Tian Y, Liu X, Kang X, Li Z. RRM2 promotes the proliferation of chicken myoblasts, inhibits their differentiation and muscle regeneration. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103407. [PMID: 38198913 PMCID: PMC10825555 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.103407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
During myogenesis and regeneration, the proliferation and differentiation of myoblasts play key regulatory roles and may be regulated by many genes. In this study, we analyzed the transcriptomic data of chicken primary myoblasts at different periods of proliferation and differentiation with protein‒protein interaction network, and the results indicated that there was an interaction between cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1) and ribonucleotide reductase regulatory subunit M2 (RRM2). Previous studies in mammals have a role for RRM2 in skeletal muscle development as well as cell growth, but the role of RRM2 in chicken is unclear. In this study, we investigated the effects of RRM2 on skeletal muscle development and regeneration in chickens in vitro and in vivo. The interaction between RRM2 and CDK1 was initially identified by co-immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry. Through a dual luciferase reporter assay and quantitative real-time PCR, we identified the core promoter region of RRM2, which is regulated by the SP1 transcription factor. In this study, through cell counting kit-8 assays, 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine incorporation assays, flow cytometry, immunofluorescence staining, and Western blot analysis, we demonstrated that RRM2 promoted the proliferation and inhibited the differentiation of myoblasts. In vivo studies showed that RRM2 reduced the diameter of muscle fibers and slowed skeletal muscle regeneration. In conclusion, these data provide preliminary insights into the biological functions of RRM2 in chicken muscle development and skeletal muscle regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingjie Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Yushi Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Yufang Niu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Yanxing Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Yang Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Haigang Ji
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Ruili Han
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China; Henan Key Laboratory for Innovation and Utilization of Chicken Germplasm Resources, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Yadong Tian
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China; Henan Key Laboratory for Innovation and Utilization of Chicken Germplasm Resources, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Xiaojun Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China; Henan Key Laboratory for Innovation and Utilization of Chicken Germplasm Resources, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Xiangtao Kang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China; Henan Key Laboratory for Innovation and Utilization of Chicken Germplasm Resources, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Zhuanjian Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China; Henan Key Laboratory for Innovation and Utilization of Chicken Germplasm Resources, Zhengzhou 450046, China.
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3
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Shakeri M, Kong B, Zhuang H, Bowker B. Potential Role of Ribonucleotide Reductase Enzyme in Mitochondria Function and Woody Breast Condition in Broiler Chickens. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:2038. [PMID: 37370548 DOI: 10.3390/ani13122038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The cellular events leading to the development of the woody breast myopathy in broiler breast muscle are unclear. Affected woody breast muscle exhibits muscle fiber degeneration/regeneration, connective tissue accumulation, and adverse morphological changes in mitochondria. Ribonucleotide reductase (RNR) is an enzyme for the synthesis of dNTP, which is important for mitochondria DNA content (mtDNA). RNR consists of two subunits: RRM1/RRM2. A decrease in RRM2 is associated with a decrease in mtDNA and mitochondria proteins, leading to impaired ATP production. The objective of this study was to investigate potential RNR differences between woody breast (WB) and normal (N) breast muscle by examining RRM2 expression and associated pathways. Gene expression and enzyme activities were examined by qPCR and commercial kits. Results showed that RRM2 expression reduced for WB (p = 0.01) and genes related to mitochondria, including ATP6 (p = 0.03), COX1 (p = 0.001), CYTB (p = 0.07), ND2 (p = 0.001) and ND4L (p = 0.03). Furthermore, NDUFB7 and COX 14, which are related to mitochondria and ATP synthesis, tended to be reduced in WB. Compared to N, GLUT1 reduced for WB (p = 0.05), which is responsible for glucose transport in cells. Consequently, PDK4 (p = 0.0001) and PPARG (p = 0.008) increased in WB, suggesting increased fatty acid oxidation. Citric synthase activity and the NAD/NADH ratio (p = 0.02) both reduced for WB, while WB increased CHRND expression (p = 0.001), which is a possible indicator of high reactive oxygen species levels. In conclusion, a reduction in RRM2 impaired mitochondria function, potentially ATP synthesis in WB, by increasing fibrosis and the down-regulation of several genes related to mitochondria function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majid Shakeri
- U.S. National Poultry Research Center, USDA-ARS, Athens, GA 30605, USA
| | - Byungwhi Kong
- U.S. National Poultry Research Center, USDA-ARS, Athens, GA 30605, USA
| | - Hong Zhuang
- U.S. National Poultry Research Center, USDA-ARS, Athens, GA 30605, USA
| | - Brian Bowker
- U.S. National Poultry Research Center, USDA-ARS, Athens, GA 30605, USA
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Molina-Granada D, González-Vioque E, Dibley MG, Cabrera-Pérez R, Vallbona-Garcia A, Torres-Torronteras J, Sazanov LA, Ryan MT, Cámara Y, Martí R. Most mitochondrial dGTP is tightly bound to respiratory complex I through the NDUFA10 subunit. Commun Biol 2022; 5:620. [PMID: 35739187 PMCID: PMC9226000 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03568-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Imbalanced mitochondrial dNTP pools are known players in the pathogenesis of multiple human diseases. Here we show that, even under physiological conditions, dGTP is largely overrepresented among other dNTPs in mitochondria of mouse tissues and human cultured cells. In addition, a vast majority of mitochondrial dGTP is tightly bound to NDUFA10, an accessory subunit of complex I of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. NDUFA10 shares a deoxyribonucleoside kinase (dNK) domain with deoxyribonucleoside kinases in the nucleotide salvage pathway, though no specific function beyond stabilizing the complex I holoenzyme has been described for this subunit. We mutated the dNK domain of NDUFA10 in human HEK-293T cells while preserving complex I assembly and activity. The NDUFA10E160A/R161A shows reduced dGTP binding capacity in vitro and leads to a 50% reduction in mitochondrial dGTP content, proving that most dGTP is directly bound to the dNK domain of NDUFA10. This interaction may represent a hitherto unknown mechanism regulating mitochondrial dNTP availability and linking oxidative metabolism to DNA maintenance.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Molina-Granada
- Research Group on Neuromuscular and Mitochondrial Disorders, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Biomedical Network Research Centre on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Emiliano González-Vioque
- Research Group on Neuromuscular and Mitochondrial Disorders, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Biomedical Network Research Centre on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Hospital Universitario Puerta del Hierro-Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marris G Dibley
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Raquel Cabrera-Pérez
- Research Group on Neuromuscular and Mitochondrial Disorders, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Biomedical Network Research Centre on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antoni Vallbona-Garcia
- Research Group on Neuromuscular and Mitochondrial Disorders, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Javier Torres-Torronteras
- Research Group on Neuromuscular and Mitochondrial Disorders, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Biomedical Network Research Centre on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Leonid A Sazanov
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria, Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Michael T Ryan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Yolanda Cámara
- Research Group on Neuromuscular and Mitochondrial Disorders, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
- Biomedical Network Research Centre on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Ramon Martí
- Research Group on Neuromuscular and Mitochondrial Disorders, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
- Biomedical Network Research Centre on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
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5
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Tarangelo A, Rodencal J, Kim JT, Magtanong L, Long JZ, Dixon SJ. Nucleotide biosynthesis links glutathione metabolism to ferroptosis sensitivity. Life Sci Alliance 2022; 5:5/4/e202101157. [PMID: 35074928 PMCID: PMC8807879 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202101157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The tumor suppressor protein p53 inhibits ferroptosis by reducing the consumption of glutathione in nucleotide biosynthesis. Nucleotide synthesis is a metabolically demanding process essential for DNA replication and other processes in the cell. Several anticancer drugs that inhibit nucleotide metabolism induce apoptosis. How inhibition of nucleotide metabolism impacts non-apoptotic cell death is less clear. Here, we report that inhibition of nucleotide metabolism by the p53 pathway is sufficient to suppress the non-apoptotic cell death process of ferroptosis. Mechanistically, stabilization of wild-type p53 and induction of the p53 target gene CDKN1A (p21) leads to decreased expression of the ribonucleotide reductase (RNR) subunits RRM1 and RRM2. RNR is the rate-limiting enzyme of de novo nucleotide synthesis that reduces ribonucleotides to deoxyribonucleotides in a glutathione-dependent manner. Direct inhibition of RNR results in conservation of intracellular glutathione, limiting the accumulation of toxic lipid peroxides and preventing the onset of ferroptosis in response to cystine deprivation. These results support a mechanism linking p53-dependent regulation of nucleotide metabolism to non-apoptotic cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Tarangelo
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Jason Rodencal
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Joon Tae Kim
- Department of Pathology and Stanford, Chemistry, Engineering and Medicine for Human Health (ChEM-H), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | - Jonathan Z Long
- Department of Pathology and Stanford, Chemistry, Engineering and Medicine for Human Health (ChEM-H), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Scott J Dixon
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
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6
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De novo deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis regulates cell growth and tumor progression in small-cell lung carcinoma. Sci Rep 2021; 11:13474. [PMID: 34188151 PMCID: PMC8242079 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-92948-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis from ribonucleotides supports the growth of active cancer cells by producing building blocks for DNA. Although ribonucleotide reductase (RNR) is known to catalyze the rate-limiting step of de novo deoxyribonucleotide triphosphate (dNTP) synthesis, the biological function of the RNR large subunit (RRM1) in small-cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) remains unclear. In this study, we established siRNA-transfected SCLC cell lines to investigate the anticancer effect of silencing RRM1 gene expression. We found that RRM1 is required for the full growth of SCLC cells both in vitro and in vivo. In particular, the deletion of RRM1 induced a DNA damage response in SCLC cells and decreased the number of cells with S phase cell cycle arrest. We also elucidated the overall changes in the metabolic profile of SCLC cells caused by RRM1 deletion. Together, our findings reveal a relationship between the deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis axis and key metabolic changes in SCLC, which may indicate a possible link between tumor growth and the regulation of deoxyribonucleotide metabolism in SCLC.
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7
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Purhonen J, Banerjee R, McDonald AE, Fellman V, Kallijärvi J. A sensitive assay for dNTPs based on long synthetic oligonucleotides, EvaGreen dye and inhibitor-resistant high-fidelity DNA polymerase. Nucleic Acids Res 2020; 48:e87. [PMID: 32573728 PMCID: PMC7470940 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkaa516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 278] [Impact Index Per Article: 69.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates (dNTPs) are vital for the biosynthesis and repair of DNA. Their cellular concentration peaks during the S phase of the cell cycle. In non-proliferating cells, dNTP concentrations are low, making their reliable quantification from tissue samples of heterogeneous cellular composition challenging. Partly because of this, the current knowledge related to the regulation of and disturbances in cellular dNTP concentrations derive mostly from cell culture experiments with little corroboration at the tissue or organismal level. Here, we fill the methodological gap by presenting a simple non-radioactive microplate assay for the quantification of dNTPs with a minimum requirement of 4-12 mg of biopsy material. In contrast to published assays, this assay is based on long synthetic single-stranded DNA templates (50-200 nucleotides), an inhibitor-resistant high-fidelity DNA polymerase, and the double-stranded-DNA-binding EvaGreen dye. The assay quantified reliably less than 50 fmol of each of the four dNTPs and discriminated well against ribonucleotides. Additionally, thermostable RNAse HII-mediated nicking of the reaction products and a subsequent shift in their melting temperature allowed near-complete elimination of the interfering ribonucleotide signal, if present. Importantly, the assay allowed measurement of minute dNTP concentrations in mouse liver, heart and skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janne Purhonen
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland.,Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Rishi Banerjee
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland.,Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Vineta Fellman
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland.,Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund, Pediatrics, Lund University, Sweden.,Children's Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital, Finland
| | - Jukka Kallijärvi
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland.,Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Finland
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Song Y, Shvartsman SY. Chemical Embryology Redux: Metabolic Control of Development. Trends Genet 2020; 36:577-586. [PMID: 32532533 PMCID: PMC10947471 DOI: 10.1016/j.tig.2020.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
New studies of metabolic reactions and networks in embryos are making important additions to regulatory models of development, so far dominated by genes and signals. Metabolic control of development is not a new idea and can be traced back to Joseph Needham's 'Chemical Embryology', published in the 1930s. Even though Needham's ideas fell by the wayside with the advent of genetic studies of embryogenesis, they demonstrated that embryos provide convenient models for addressing fundamental questions in biochemistry and are now experiencing a comeback, enabled by the powerful merger of detailed mechanistic studies and systems-level techniques. Here we review recent results from studies that quantified the energy budget of embryogenesis in Drosophila and started to untangle the intricate connections between core anabolic processes and developmental transitions. Dynamic coordination of metabolic, genetic, and signaling networks appears to be essential for seamless progression of development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghyun Song
- Computational Sciences Department, Korea Institute for Advanced Study, Seoul 02455, Republic of Korea
| | - Stanislav Y Shvartsman
- The Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA; Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA; Center for Computational Biology, Flatiron Institute - Simons Foundation, New York, NY 10010, USA.
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9
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Mathews CK. Deoxyribonucleotide salvage falls short in whole animals. J Biol Chem 2020; 294:15898-15899. [PMID: 31676554 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.h119.011335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Ribonucleotide reductase (RNR) catalyzes the first committed reaction in DNA synthesis. Most of what we know about RNR regulation comes from studies with cultured cells and with purified proteins. In this study, Tran et al. use Cre-Lox technology to inactivate RNR large subunit expression in heart and skeletal muscle of mouse embryos. Analysis of these mutants paints a picture of dNTP regulation in whole animals quite different from that seen in studies of purified proteins and cultured cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher K Mathews
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331
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10
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Nguyen JH, Chung JD, Lynch GS, Ryall JG. The Microenvironment Is a Critical Regulator of Muscle Stem Cell Activation and Proliferation. Front Cell Dev Biol 2019; 7:254. [PMID: 31737625 PMCID: PMC6828616 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2019.00254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle has a remarkable capacity to regenerate following injury, a property conferred by a resident population of muscle stem cells (MuSCs). In response to injury, MuSCs must double their cellular content to divide, a process requiring significant new biomass in the form of nucleotides, phospholipids, and amino acids. This new biomass is derived from a series of intracellular metabolic cycles and alternative routing of carbon. In this review, we examine the link between metabolism and skeletal muscle regeneration with particular emphasis on the role of the cellular microenvironment in supporting the production of new biomass and MuSC proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- John H Nguyen
- Department of Physiology, Centre for Muscle Research, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Jin D Chung
- Department of Physiology, Centre for Muscle Research, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Gordon S Lynch
- Department of Physiology, Centre for Muscle Research, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - James G Ryall
- Department of Physiology, Centre for Muscle Research, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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