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Cowling CL, Homayouni AL, Callwood JB, McReynolds MR, Khor J, Ke H, Draves MA, Dehesh K, Walley JW, Strader LC, Kelley DR. ZmPILS6 is an auxin efflux carrier required for maize root morphogenesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2313216121. [PMID: 38781209 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2313216121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Plant root systems play a pivotal role in plant physiology and exhibit diverse phenotypic traits. Understanding the genetic mechanisms governing root growth and development in model plants like maize is crucial for enhancing crop resilience to drought and nutrient limitations. This study focused on identifying and characterizing ZmPILS6, an annotated auxin efflux carrier, as a key regulator of various crown root traits in maize. ZmPILS6-modified roots displayed reduced network area and suppressed lateral root formation, which are desirable traits for the "steep, cheap, and deep" ideotype. The research revealed that ZmPILS6 localizes to the endoplasmic reticulum and plays a vital role in controlling the spatial distribution of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA or "auxin") in primary roots. The study also demonstrated that ZmPILS6 can actively efflux IAA when expressed in yeast. Furthermore, the loss of ZmPILS6 resulted in significant proteome remodeling in maize roots, particularly affecting hormone signaling pathways. To identify potential interacting partners of ZmPILS6, a weighted gene coexpression analysis was performed. Altogether, this research contributes to the growing knowledge of essential genetic determinants governing maize root morphogenesis, which is crucial for guiding agricultural improvement strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Craig L Cowling
- Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011
| | | | - Jodi B Callwood
- Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011
| | - Maxwell R McReynolds
- Department of Plant Pathology, Entomology and Microbiology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011
| | - Jasper Khor
- Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011
| | - Haiyan Ke
- Botany and Plant Sciences Department, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521
| | - Melissa A Draves
- Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011
| | - Katayoon Dehesh
- Botany and Plant Sciences Department, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521
| | - Justin W Walley
- Department of Plant Pathology, Entomology and Microbiology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011
| | | | - Dior R Kelley
- Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011
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2
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Jobert F, Yadav S, Robert S. Auxin as an architect of the pectin matrix. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2023; 74:6933-6949. [PMID: 37166384 PMCID: PMC10690733 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erad174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Auxin is a versatile plant growth regulator that triggers multiple signalling pathways at different spatial and temporal resolutions. A plant cell is surrounded by the cell wall, a complex and dynamic network of polysaccharides. The cell wall needs to be rigid to provide mechanical support and protection and highly flexible to allow cell growth and shape acquisition. The modification of the pectin components, among other processes, is a mechanism by which auxin activity alters the mechanical properties of the cell wall. Auxin signalling precisely controls the transcriptional output of several genes encoding pectin remodelling enzymes, their local activity, pectin deposition, and modulation in different developmental contexts. This review examines the mechanism of auxin activity in regulating pectin chemistry at organ, cellular, and subcellular levels across diverse plant species. Moreover, we ask questions that remain to be addressed to fully understand the interplay between auxin and pectin in plant growth and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- François Jobert
- Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), 90183, Umeå, Sweden
- CRRBM, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, 80000, Amiens, France
| | - Sandeep Yadav
- Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), 90183, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Stéphanie Robert
- Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), 90183, Umeå, Sweden
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3
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Dash L, Swaminathan S, Šimura J, Gonzales CLP, Montes C, Solanki N, Mejia L, Ljung K, Zabotina OA, Kelley DR. Changes in cell wall composition due to a pectin biosynthesis enzyme GAUT10 impact root growth. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 193:2480-2497. [PMID: 37606259 PMCID: PMC10663140 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) root development is regulated by multiple dynamic growth cues that require central metabolism pathways such as β-oxidation and auxin. Loss of the pectin biosynthesizing enzyme GALACTURONOSYLTRANSFERASE 10 (GAUT10) leads to a short-root phenotype under sucrose-limited conditions. The present study focused on determining the specific contributions of GAUT10 to pectin composition in primary roots and the underlying defects associated with gaut10 roots. Using live-cell microscopy, we determined reduced root growth in gaut10 is due to a reduction in both root apical meristem size and epidermal cell elongation. In addition, GAUT10 was required for normal pectin and hemicellulose composition in primary Arabidopsis roots. Specifically, loss of GAUT10 led to a reduction in galacturonic acid and xylose in root cell walls and altered the presence of rhamnogalacturonan-I (RG-I) and homogalacturonan (HG) polymers in the root. Transcriptomic analysis of gaut10 roots compared to wild type uncovered hundreds of genes differentially expressed in the mutant, including genes related to auxin metabolism and peroxisome function. Consistent with these results, both auxin signaling and metabolism were modified in gaut10 roots. The sucrose-dependent short-root phenotype in gaut10 was linked to β-oxidation based on hypersensitivity to indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) and an epistatic interaction with TRANSPORTER OF IBA1 (TOB1). Altogether, these data support a growing body of evidence suggesting that pectin composition may influence auxin pathways and peroxisome activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linkan Dash
- Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Iowa City, IA 50011, USA
| | - Sivakumar Swaminathan
- Roy J Carver Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Molecular Biology, Iowa State University, Iowa City, IA 50011, USA
| | - Jan Šimura
- Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science Centre, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå 901 83, Sweden
| | - Caitlin Leigh P Gonzales
- Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Iowa City, IA 50011, USA
| | - Christian Montes
- Department of Plant Pathology, Entomology, and Microbiology, Iowa State University, Iowa City, IA 50011, USA
| | - Neel Solanki
- Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Iowa City, IA 50011, USA
| | - Ludvin Mejia
- Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Iowa City, IA 50011, USA
| | - Karin Ljung
- Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science Centre, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå 901 83, Sweden
| | - Olga A Zabotina
- Roy J Carver Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Molecular Biology, Iowa State University, Iowa City, IA 50011, USA
| | - Dior R Kelley
- Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Iowa City, IA 50011, USA
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4
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Tivendale ND, Millar AH. How is auxin linked with cellular energy pathways to promote growth? THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2022; 233:2397-2404. [PMID: 34984715 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Auxin is the 'growth hormone' and modulation of its concentration correlates with changes in photosynthesis and respiration, influencing the cellular energy budget for biosynthesis and proliferation. However, the relative importance of mechanisms by which auxin directly influences photosynthesis and respiration, or vice versa, are unclear. Here we bring together recent evidence linking auxin with photosynthesis, plastid biogenesis, mitochondrial metabolism and retrograde signalling and through it we propose three hypotheses to test to unify current findings. These require delving into the control of auxin conjugation to primary metabolic intermediates, translational control under auxin regulation and post-translational influences of auxin on primary metabolic processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan D Tivendale
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - A Harvey Millar
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
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McReynolds MR, Dash L, Montes C, Draves MA, Lang MG, Walley JW, Kelley DR. Temporal and spatial auxin responsive networks in maize primary roots. QUANTITATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 3:e21. [PMID: 37077976 PMCID: PMC10095944 DOI: 10.1017/qpb.2022.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Auxin is a key regulator of root morphogenesis across angiosperms. To better understand auxin-regulated networks underlying maize root development, we have characterized auxin-responsive transcription across two time points (30 and 120 min) and four regions of the primary root: the meristematic zone, elongation zone, cortex and stele. Hundreds of auxin-regulated genes involved in diverse biological processes were quantified in these different root regions. In general, most auxin-regulated genes are region unique and are predominantly observed in differentiated tissues compared with the root meristem. Auxin gene regulatory networks were reconstructed with these data to identify key transcription factors that may underlie auxin responses in maize roots. Additionally, Auxin-Response Factor subnetworks were generated to identify target genes that exhibit tissue or temporal specificity in response to auxin. These networks describe novel molecular connections underlying maize root development and provide a foundation for functional genomic studies in a key crop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxwell R. McReynolds
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa50011, USA
| | - Linkan Dash
- Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa50011, USA
| | - Christian Montes
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa50011, USA
| | - Melissa A. Draves
- Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa50011, USA
| | - Michelle G. Lang
- Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa50011, USA
- Corteva Agriscience, Johnston, Iowa50131, USA
| | - Justin W. Walley
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa50011, USA
- Authors for correspondence: D. R. Kelley and J. W. Walley, E-mail: ;
| | - Dior R. Kelley
- Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa50011, USA
- Authors for correspondence: D. R. Kelley and J. W. Walley, E-mail: ;
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Guo H, Xiao C, Liu Q, Li R, Yan Z, Yao X, Hu H. Two galacturonosyltransferases function in plant growth, stomatal development, and dynamics. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 187:2820-2836. [PMID: 34890462 PMCID: PMC8644590 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiab432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The mechanical properties of guard cell (GC) walls are important for stomatal development and stomatal response to external stimuli. However, the molecular mechanisms of pectin synthesis and pectin composition controlling stomatal development and dynamics remain poorly explored. Here, we characterized the role of two Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) galacturonosyltransferases, GAUT10 and GAUT11, in plant growth, stomatal development, and stomatal dynamics. GAUT10 and GAUT11 double mutations reduced pectin synthesis and promoted homogalacturonan (HG) demethylesterification and demethylesterified HG degradation, resulting in larger stomatal complexes and smaller pore areas, increased stomatal dynamics, and enhanced drought tolerance of plants. In contrast, increased GAUT10 or GAUT11 expression impaired stomatal dynamics and drought sensitivity. Genetic interaction analyses together with immunolabeling analyses suggest that the methylesterified HG level is important in stomatal dynamics, and pectin abundance with the demethylesterified HG level controls stomatal dimension and stomatal size. Our results provide insight into the molecular mechanism of GC wall properties in stomatal dynamics, and highlight the role of GAUT10 and GAUT11 in stomatal dimension and dynamics through modulation of pectin biosynthesis and distribution in GC walls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Guo
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Chuanlei Xiao
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Qing Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Ruiying Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zhiqiang Yan
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xuan Yao
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Honghong Hu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
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7
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The Arabidopsis Root Tip (Phospho)Proteomes at Growth-Promoting versus Growth-Repressing Conditions Reveal Novel Root Growth Regulators. Cells 2021; 10:cells10071665. [PMID: 34359847 PMCID: PMC8303113 DOI: 10.3390/cells10071665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Auxin plays a dual role in growth regulation and, depending on the tissue and concentration of the hormone, it can either promote or inhibit division and expansion processes in plants. Recent studies have revealed that, beyond transcriptional reprogramming, alternative auxin-controlled mechanisms regulate root growth. Here, we explored the impact of different concentrations of the synthetic auxin NAA that establish growth-promoting and -repressing conditions on the root tip proteome and phosphoproteome, generating a unique resource. From the phosphoproteome data, we pinpointed (novel) growth regulators, such as the RALF34-THE1 module. Our results, together with previously published studies, suggest that auxin, H+-ATPases, cell wall modifications and cell wall sensing receptor-like kinases are tightly embedded in a pathway regulating cell elongation. Furthermore, our study assigned a novel role to MKK2 as a regulator of primary root growth and a (potential) regulator of auxin biosynthesis and signalling, and suggests the importance of the MKK2 Thr31 phosphorylation site for growth regulation in the Arabidopsis root tip.
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8
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Dash L, McEwan RE, Montes C, Mejia L, Walley JW, Dilkes BP, Kelley DR. slim shady is a novel allele of PHYTOCHROME B present in the T-DNA line SALK_015201. PLANT DIRECT 2021; 5:e00326. [PMID: 34136747 PMCID: PMC8197431 DOI: 10.1002/pld3.326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Auxin is a hormone that is required for hypocotyl elongation during seedling development. In response to auxin, rapid changes in transcript and protein abundance occur in hypocotyls, and some auxin responsive gene expression is linked to hypocotyl growth. To functionally validate proteomic studies, a reverse genetics screen was performed on mutants in auxin-regulated proteins to identify novel regulators of plant growth. This uncovered a long hypocotyl mutant, which we called slim shady, in an annotated insertion line in IMMUNOREGULATORY RNA-BINDING PROTEIN (IRR). Overexpression of the IRR gene failed to rescue the slim shady phenotype and characterization of a second T-DNA allele of IRR found that it had a wild-type (WT) hypocotyl length. The slim shady mutant has an elevated expression of numerous genes associated with the brassinosteroid-auxin-phytochrome (BAP) regulatory module compared to WT, including transcription factors that regulate brassinosteroid, auxin, and phytochrome pathways. Additionally, slim shady seedlings fail to exhibit a strong transcriptional response to auxin. Using whole genome sequence data and genetic complementation analysis with SALK_015201C, we determined that a novel single nucleotide polymorphism in PHYTOCHROME B was responsible for the slim shady phenotype. This is predicted to induce a frameshift and premature stop codon at leucine 1125, within the histidine kinase-related domain of the carboxy terminus of PHYB, which is required for phytochrome signaling and function. Genetic complementation analyses with phyb-9 confirmed that slim shady is a mutant allele of PHYB. This study advances our understanding of the molecular mechanisms in seedling development, by furthering our understanding of how light signaling is linked to auxin-dependent cell elongation. Furthermore, this study highlights the importance of confirming the genetic identity of research material before attributing phenotypes to known mutations sourced from T-DNA stocks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linkan Dash
- Department of GeneticsDevelopment and Cell BiologyIowa State UniversityAmesIAUSA
| | - Robert E. McEwan
- Center for Plant BiologyPurdue UniversityWest LafayettINUSA
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape ArchitecturePurdue UniversityWest LafayettINUSA
| | - Christian Montes
- Department of Plant Pathology and MicrobiologyIowa State UniversityAmesIAUSA
| | - Ludvin Mejia
- Department of GeneticsDevelopment and Cell BiologyIowa State UniversityAmesIAUSA
| | - Justin W. Walley
- Department of Plant Pathology and MicrobiologyIowa State UniversityAmesIAUSA
| | - Brian P. Dilkes
- Center for Plant BiologyPurdue UniversityWest LafayettINUSA
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape ArchitecturePurdue UniversityWest LafayettINUSA
- Department of BiochemistryPurdue UniversityWest LafayettINUSA
| | - Dior R. Kelley
- Department of GeneticsDevelopment and Cell BiologyIowa State UniversityAmesIAUSA
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Gigli-Bisceglia N, Engelsdorf T, Hamann T. Plant cell wall integrity maintenance in model plants and crop species-relevant cell wall components and underlying guiding principles. Cell Mol Life Sci 2020; 77:2049-2077. [PMID: 31781810 PMCID: PMC7256069 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-019-03388-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2019] [Revised: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The walls surrounding the cells of all land-based plants provide mechanical support essential for growth and development as well as protection from adverse environmental conditions like biotic and abiotic stress. Composition and structure of plant cell walls can differ markedly between cell types, developmental stages and species. This implies that wall composition and structure are actively modified during biological processes and in response to specific functional requirements. Despite extensive research in the area, our understanding of the regulatory processes controlling active and adaptive modifications of cell wall composition and structure is still limited. One of these regulatory processes is the cell wall integrity maintenance mechanism, which monitors and maintains the functional integrity of the plant cell wall during development and interaction with environment. It is an important element in plant pathogen interaction and cell wall plasticity, which seems at least partially responsible for the limited success that targeted manipulation of cell wall metabolism has achieved so far. Here, we provide an overview of the cell wall polysaccharides forming the bulk of plant cell walls in both monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous plants and the effects their impairment can have. We summarize our current knowledge regarding the cell wall integrity maintenance mechanism and discuss that it could be responsible for several of the mutant phenotypes observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora Gigli-Bisceglia
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, 6708 PB, The Netherlands
| | - Timo Engelsdorf
- Division of Plant Physiology, Department of Biology, Philipps University of Marburg, 35043, Marburg, Germany
| | - Thorsten Hamann
- Institute for Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 5 Høgskoleringen, 7491, Trondheim, Norway.
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The dynamic response of the Arabidopsis root metabolome to auxin and ethylene is not predicted by changes in the transcriptome. Sci Rep 2020; 10:679. [PMID: 31959762 PMCID: PMC6971091 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-57161-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
While the effects of phytohormones on plant gene expression have been well characterized, comparatively little is known about how hormones influence metabolite profiles. This study examined the effects of elevated auxin and ethylene on the metabolome of Arabidopsis roots using a high-resolution 24 h time course, conducted in parallel to time-matched transcriptomic analyses. Mass spectrometry using orthogonal UPLC separation strategies (reversed phase and HILIC) in both positive and negative ionization modes was used to maximize identification of metabolites with altered levels. The findings show that the root metabolome responds rapidly to hormone stimulus and that compounds belonging to the same class of metabolites exhibit similar changes. The responses were dominated by changes in phenylpropanoid, glucosinolate, and fatty acid metabolism, although the nature and timing of the response was unique for each hormone. These alterations in the metabolome were not directly predicted by the corresponding transcriptome data, suggesting that post-transcriptional events such as changes in enzyme activity and/or transport processes drove the observed changes in the metabolome. These findings underscore the need to better understand the biochemical mechanisms underlying the temporal reconfiguration of plant metabolism, especially in relation to the hormone-metabolome interface and its subsequent physiological and morphological effects.
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Clark NM, Shen Z, Briggs SP, Walley JW, Kelley DR. Auxin Induces Widespread Proteome Remodeling in Arabidopsis Seedlings. Proteomics 2019; 19:e1900199. [DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201900199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Natalie M. Clark
- Department of Plant Pathology and MicrobiologyIowa State University Ames IA 92093 USA
| | - Zhouxin Shen
- Section of Cell and Developmental BiologyUniversity of CaliforniaSan Diego La Jolla CA 92093 USA
| | - Steven P. Briggs
- Section of Cell and Developmental BiologyUniversity of CaliforniaSan Diego La Jolla CA 92093 USA
| | - Justin W. Walley
- Department of Plant Pathology and MicrobiologyIowa State University Ames IA 92093 USA
| | - Dior R. Kelley
- Department of Genetics, Development and Cell BiologyIowa State University Ames IA 50011 USA
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