Congenital orbito-palpebral cyst in a case of Fraser syndrome

Congenital anophthalmia and microphthalmia: epidemiology and orbitofacial rehabilitation

Objective

To describe the prevalence of congenital anophthalmia and microphthalmia in Hospital Universitario La Paz, and to identify associated risk factors and evaluate cosmetic results in treated and nontreated patients.

Methods

A retrospective, descriptive, cross-sectional study of patients treated with orbital expanding techniques (cases) and nontreated patients (controls) was carried out as a comparative case series study. A total of 36 patients with unilateral or bilateral anophthalmia or microphthalmia as main diagnosis were included; 52 epidemiological and management variables for each patient were analyzed. The study evaluated orbital growth and facial symmetry.

Results

The overall cosmetic result in the study’s group of patients was satisfactory: 66.7% showed good or very good orbital growth, and 75% showed good or very good facial symmetry. Controls had better cosmetic outcome but showed more cataracts (P = 0.05), inferior colobomas (P = 0.026), and family history (P = 0.056) than the cases. Controls also showed significantly better orbital growth (P = 0.042) and facial symmetry (P = 0.014) than the cases.

Conclusion

This study suggests that the mere presence of a globe (controls) still provides better orbitofacial development than the artificial stimulation (cases) currently available for patients with congenital anophthalmia and microphthalmia, who receive internal and external orbital rehabilitation.

Bilateral orbito-palpebral cysts in a case of cryptophthalmos associated with Fraser syndrome

A 15-month-old girl was referred for evaluation of congenital absence of both eyelids. Clinical evaluation revealed bilateral total cryptophthalmos and enlarged globes in addition to genitourinary anomalies, umbilical hernia, renal agenesis, and facial anomalies. The clinical findings were consistent with Fraser syndrome. Magnetic resonance imaging of the orbits revealed dysplastic globes that were characterized by cystic expansions that extended laterally anterior to the lateral orbital rim. Bilateral orbito-palpebral cysts that communicate with a dysplastic globe and extend beyond the orbital cavity may be a rare presenting feature of Fraser syndrome.