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Li Z, Zhang C, Li B, Zhang S, Haj FG, Zhang G, Lee Y. The modulatory effects of alfalfa polysaccharide on intestinal microbiota and systemic health of Salmonella serotype (ser.) Enteritidis-challenged broilers. Sci Rep 2021; 11:10910. [PMID: 34035347 PMCID: PMC8149654 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-90060-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Salmonella serotype (ser.) Enteritidis infection in broilers is a main foodborne illness that substantially threatens food security. This study aimed to examine the effects of a novel polysaccharide isolated from alfalfa (APS) on the intestinal microbiome and systemic health of S. ser. Enteritidis-infected broilers. The results indicated that broilers receiving the APS-supplemented diet had the improved (P < 0.05) growth performance and gut health than those fed no APS-supplemented diet. Supplementation with APS enhanced (P < 0.05) the richness of gut beneficial microbes such as Bacteroidetes, Barnesiella, Parabacteroides, Butyricimonas, and Prevotellaceae, while decreased (P < 0.05) the abundance of facultative anaerobic bacteria including Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Ruminococcaceae, Lachnospiraceae, and Burkholderiaceae in the S. ser. Enteritidis-infected broilers. The Bacteroides and Odoribacter were identified as the two core microbes across all treatments and combined with their syntrophic microbes formed the hub in co-occurrence networks linking microbiome structure to performance of broilers. Taken together, dietary APS supplementation improved the systemic health of broilers by reshaping the intestinal microbiome regardless of whether S. ser. Enteritidis infection was present. Therefore, APS can be employed as a potential functional additives to inhibit the S. ser. Enteritidis and enhance the food safety in poultry farming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zemin Li
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Taian City, 271018, China
| | - Chongyu Zhang
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Taian City, 271018, China
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Taian City, 271018, China
| | - Shimin Zhang
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Taian City, 271018, China
| | - Fawaz G Haj
- Department of Nutrition, University of California Davis, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Guiguo Zhang
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Taian City, 271018, China. .,Department of Nutrition, University of California Davis, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
| | - Yunkyoung Lee
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, and Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Advanced Convergence Technology and Science, Jeju National University, Jeju, 63243, South Korea.
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Overexpressing ovotransferrin and avian β-defensin-3 improves antimicrobial capacity of chickens and poultry products. Transgenic Res 2018; 28:51-76. [PMID: 30374651 DOI: 10.1007/s11248-018-0101-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Zoonotic and foodborne diseases pose a significant burden, decreasing both human and animal health. Modifying chickens to overexpress antimicrobials has the potential to decrease bacterial growth on poultry products and boost chicken innate immunity. Chickens overexpressing either ovotransferrin or avian β-defensin-3 (AvβD3) were generated using Tol-2 transposons. Transgene expression at the RNA and protein level was seen in egg white, breast muscle, and serum. There were significant differences in the immune cell populations in the blood, bursa, and spleen associated with transgene expression including an increased proportion of CD8+ cells in the blood of ovotransferrin and AvβD3 transgenic birds. Expression of the antimicrobials inhibited the in vitro growth of human and chicken bacterial pathogens and spoilage bacteria. For example, transgene expression significantly reduced growth of aerobic and coliform bacteria in breast muscle and decreased the growth of Salmonella enterica in egg white. Overall these results indicate that overexpression of antimicrobials in the chicken can impact the immune system and increase the antimicrobial capacity of poultry products.
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