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Romano I, Bodenhausen N, Basch G, Soares M, Faist H, Trognitz F, Sessitsch A, Doubell M, Declerck S, Symanczik S. Impact of conservation tillage on wheat performance and its microbiome. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1211758. [PMID: 37670872 PMCID: PMC10475739 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1211758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
Winter wheat is an important cereal consumed worldwide. However, current management practices involving chemical fertilizers, irrigation, and intensive tillage may have negative impacts on the environment. Conservation agriculture is often presented as a sustainable alternative to maintain wheat production, favoring the beneficial microbiome. Here, we evaluated the impact of different water regimes (rainfed and irrigated), fertilization levels (half and full fertilization), and tillage practices (occasional tillage and no-tillage) on wheat performance, microbial activity, and rhizosphere- and root-associated microbial communities of four winter wheat genotypes (Antequera, Allez-y, Apache, and Cellule) grown in a field experiment. Wheat performance (i.e., yield, plant nitrogen concentrations, and total nitrogen uptake) was mainly affected by irrigation, fertilization, and genotype, whereas microbial activity (i.e., protease and alkaline phosphatase activities) was affected by irrigation. Amplicon sequencing data revealed that habitat (rhizosphere vs. root) was the main factor shaping microbial communities and confirmed that the selection of endophytic microbial communities takes place thanks to specific plant-microbiome interactions. Among the experimental factors applied, the interaction of irrigation and tillage influenced rhizosphere- and root-associated microbiomes. The findings presented in this work make it possible to link agricultural practices to microbial communities, paving the way for better monitoring of these microorganisms in the context of agroecosystem sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ida Romano
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Division of Microbiology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Natacha Bodenhausen
- Department of Soil Sciences, Research Institute of Organic Agriculture (FiBL), Frick, Switzerland
| | - Gottlieb Basch
- MED – Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development, University of Évora, Évora, Portugal
| | - Miguel Soares
- MED – Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development, University of Évora, Évora, Portugal
| | - Hanna Faist
- AIT Austrian Institute of Technology, Tulln, Austria
| | | | | | - Marcé Doubell
- Mycology, Earth and Life Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Stéphane Declerck
- Mycology, Earth and Life Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Sarah Symanczik
- Department of Soil Sciences, Research Institute of Organic Agriculture (FiBL), Frick, Switzerland
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Steinrucken TV, Vitelli JS, Holdom DG, Tan YP. The diversity of microfungi associated with grasses in the Sporobolus indicus complex in Queensland, Australia. FRONTIERS IN FUNGAL BIOLOGY 2022; 3:956837. [PMID: 37746236 PMCID: PMC10512349 DOI: 10.3389/ffunb.2022.956837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
There are five closely related Sporobolus species, collectively known as weedy Sporobolus grasses (WSG) or the rat's tail grasses. They are fast growing, highly competitive, unpalatable weeds of pastures, roadsides and woodlands. An effective biological control agent would be a welcomed alternative to successive herbicide application and manual removal methods. This study describes the initial exploratory phase of isolating and identifying native Australian microfungi associated with WSG, prior to evaluating their efficacy as inundative biological control agents. Accurate species-level identification of plant-pathogenic microfungi associated with WSG is an essential first step in the evaluation and prioritisation of pathogenicity bioassays. Starting with more than 79 unique fungal morphotypes isolated from diseased Sporobolus grasses in Queensland, Australia, we employed multi-locus phylogenetic analyses to classify these isolates into 54 fungal taxa. These taxa belong to 22 Ascomycete families (12 orders), of which the majority fall within the Pleosporales (>24 taxa in 7 families). In the next phase of the study, the putative species identities of these taxa will allow us to prioritise those which are likely to be pathogenic based on existing literature and their known ecological roles. This study represents the first step in a systematic, high-throughput approach to finding potential plant pathogenic biological control agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracey V. Steinrucken
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Joseph S. Vitelli
- Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, Biosecurity Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - David G. Holdom
- Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, Biosecurity Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Yu Pei Tan
- Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, Plant Pathology Herbarium, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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Morpho-Molecular Characterization of Microfungi Associated with Phyllostachys (Poaceae) in Sichuan, China. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:jof8070702. [PMID: 35887458 PMCID: PMC9325152 DOI: 10.3390/jof8070702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, we surveyed the ascomycetes from bamboo of Phyllostachys across Sichuan Province, China. A biphasic approach based on morphological characteristics and multigene phylogeny confirmed seven species, including one new genus, two new species, and five new host record species. A novel genus Paralloneottiosporina is introduced to accommodate Pa. sichuanensis that was collected from leaves of Phyllostachys violascens. Moreover, the newly introduced species Bifusisporella sichuanensis was isolated from leaves of P. edulis, and five species were newly recorded on bamboos, four species belonging to Apiospora, viz. Ap. yunnana, Ap. neosubglobosa, Ap. jiangxiensis, and Ap. hydei, and the last species, Seriascoma yunnanense, isolated from dead culms of P. heterocycla. Morphologically similar and phylogenetically related taxa were compared. Comprehensive descriptions, color photo plates of micromorphology are provided.
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Aime MC, Miller AN, Aoki T, Bensch K, Cai L, Crous PW, Hawksworth DL, Hyde KD, Kirk PM, Lücking R, May TW, Malosso E, Redhead SA, Rossman AY, Stadler M, Thines M, Yurkov AM, Zhang N, Schoch CL. How to publish a new fungal species, or name, version 3.0. IMA Fungus 2021; 12:11. [PMID: 33934723 PMCID: PMC8091500 DOI: 10.1186/s43008-021-00063-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
It is now a decade since The International Commission on the Taxonomy of Fungi (ICTF) produced an overview of requirements and best practices for describing a new fungal species. In the meantime the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (ICNafp) has changed from its former name (the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature) and introduced new formal requirements for valid publication of species scientific names, including the separation of provisions specific to Fungi and organisms treated as fungi in a new Chapter F. Equally transformative have been changes in the data collection, data dissemination, and analytical tools available to mycologists. This paper provides an updated and expanded discussion of current publication requirements along with best practices for the description of new fungal species and publication of new names and for improving accessibility of their associated metadata that have developed over the last 10 years. Additionally, we provide: (1) model papers for different fungal groups and circumstances; (2) a checklist to simplify meeting (i) the requirements of the ICNafp to ensure the effective, valid and legitimate publication of names of new taxa, and (ii) minimally accepted standards for description; and, (3) templates for preparing standardized species descriptions.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Catherine Aime
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.
| | - Andrew N Miller
- Illinois Natural History Survey, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, 61820, USA
| | - Takayuki Aoki
- Genetic Resources Center, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 2-1-2 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8602, Japan
| | - Konstanze Bensch
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584CT, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Lei Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, NO.1 Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Pedro W Crous
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584CT, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - David L Hawksworth
- Comparative Plant and Fungal Biology, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Surrey, TW9 3DS, UK.,Department of Life Sciences, The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London, SW7 5BD, UK.,Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin Province, China
| | - Kevin D Hyde
- Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100, Thailand
| | - Paul M Kirk
- Biodiversity Informatics & Spatial Analysis, Royal Botanic Garden Kew, Richmond, London, TW9 3AE, UK
| | - Robert Lücking
- Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Str. 6-8, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tom W May
- Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria, Birdwood Avenue, Melbourne, Victoria, 3004, Australia
| | - Elaine Malosso
- Departamento de Micologia, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, 50740-600, Brazil
| | - Scott A Redhead
- Ottawa Research and Development Centre, Science and Technology Branch, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, K1A 0C6, Canada
| | - Amy Y Rossman
- Botany and Plant Pathology Department, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97333, USA
| | - Marc Stadler
- Department Microbial Drugs, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Inhoffenstrasse 7, 38124, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Marco Thines
- Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Ecology, Evolution and Diversity, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 13, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre, Senckenberganlage 25, 60325, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Andrey M Yurkov
- Leibniz Institute DSMZ-German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Ning Zhang
- Department of Plant Biology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | - Conrad L Schoch
- National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, 45 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
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