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Caiado F, Pietras EM, Manz MG. Inflammation as a regulator of hematopoietic stem cell function in disease, aging, and clonal selection. J Exp Med 2021; 218:212381. [PMID: 34129016 PMCID: PMC8210622 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20201541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is an evolutionarily selected defense response to infection or tissue damage that involves activation and consumption of immune cells in order to reestablish and maintain organismal integrity. In this process, hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are themselves exposed to inflammatory cues and via proliferation and differentiation, replace mature immune cells in a demand-adapted fashion. Here, we review how major sources of systemic inflammation act on and subsequently shape HSC fate and function. We highlight how lifelong inflammatory exposure contributes to HSC inflamm-aging and selection of premalignant HSC clones. Finally, we explore emerging areas of interest and open questions remaining in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Caiado
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.,University of Zürich, Comprehensive Cancer Center Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Eric M Pietras
- Division of Hematology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - Markus G Manz
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.,University of Zürich, Comprehensive Cancer Center Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
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Rundberg Nilsson A, Soneji S, Adolfsson S, Bryder D, Pronk CJ. Human and Murine Hematopoietic Stem Cell Aging Is Associated with Functional Impairments and Intrinsic Megakaryocytic/Erythroid Bias. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0158369. [PMID: 27368054 PMCID: PMC4930192 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0158369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2015] [Accepted: 06/14/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging within the human hematopoietic system associates with various deficiencies and disease states, including anemia, myeloid neoplasms and reduced adaptive immune responses. Similar phenotypes are observed in mice and have been linked to alterations arising at the hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) level. Such an association is, however, less established in human hematopoiesis and prompted us here to detail characteristics of the most primitive human hematopoietic compartments throughout ontogeny. In addition, we also attempted to interrogate similarities between aging human and murine hematopoiesis. Coupled to the transition from human cord blood (CB) to young and aged bone marrow (BM), we observed a gradual increase in frequency of candidate HSCs. This was accompanied by functional impairments, including decreased lymphoid output and reduced proliferative potential. Downstream of human HSCs, we observed decreasing levels of common lymphoid progenitors (CLPs), and increasing frequencies of megakaryocyte/erythrocyte progenitors (MEPs) with age, which could be linked to changes in lineage-affiliated gene expression patterns in aged human HSCs. These findings were paralleled in mice. Therefore, our data support the notion that age-related changes also in human hematopoiesis involve the HSC pool, with a prominent skewing towards the megakaryocytic/erythroid lineages, and suggests conserved mechanisms underlying aging of the blood cell system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Rundberg Nilsson
- Medical Faculty, Division of Molecular Hematology, Institution for Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Medical Faculty, Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Shamit Soneji
- Medical Faculty, Division of Molecular Hematology, Institution for Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Medical Faculty, Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Sofia Adolfsson
- Medical Faculty, Division of Molecular Hematology, Institution for Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Medical Faculty, Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - David Bryder
- Medical Faculty, Division of Molecular Hematology, Institution for Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Medical Faculty, Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Cornelis Jan Pronk
- Medical Faculty, Division of Molecular Hematology, Institution for Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Medical Faculty, Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
- * E-mail:
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Kresnik PK, Krasna M, Rozman P, Vrtovec B, Malicev E. Collection and immunoselection of CD34+ cells: the impact of age, sex, and diabetes in patients with chronic heart failure. Transfusion 2016; 56:1792-800. [PMID: 27185200 DOI: 10.1111/trf.13646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2015] [Revised: 03/29/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mobilized peripheral blood is the most common source of CD34+ cells intended for transplantations. The collection and enrichment of CD34+ cells could be affected by various factors and there are some controversies regarding the effects of patient-related factors. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of age, sex, and diabetes on the CD34+ cell grafts in patients with chronic heart failure. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Cell grafts from 100 adult patients scheduled for autologous CD34+ cell transplantation were investigated. The CD34+ cells were collected using leukapheresis after granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor mobilization and further enriched using the immunomagnetic CD34+ selection. The number of CD34+ cells and their viability were determined by flow cytometry. RESULTS Older patients had significantly lower CD34+ cell counts than younger patients. The differences between men and women were not found. There was a trend toward an inverse relationship between diabetes and the CD34+ cell count, however, without any significance. No differences in the CD34+ cell viability (97.6% before and 97.9% after selection) were found. The mean CD34+ cell recovery was 59.7% and was not statistically different between age groups, sex, and diabetic patients. CONCLUSION Before the CD34+ cells are collected the patient's age should be considered. The study did not demonstrate a significant impact of sex and diabetes on the CD34+ cell count. While age and sex did not affect the immunoselection process, diabetes slightly reduced cell recovery. Cell viabilities before and after the cell enrichment were comparable between the tested samples.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Metka Krasna
- Blood Transfusion Centre of Slovenia, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Primoz Rozman
- Blood Transfusion Centre of Slovenia, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Bojan Vrtovec
- Advanced Heart Failure and Transplantation Centre, UMC Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Elvira Malicev
- Blood Transfusion Centre of Slovenia, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Sestier B. [Hematopoietic stem cell exhaustion and advanced glycation end-products in the unexplained anemia of the elderly]. Rev Esp Geriatr Gerontol 2015; 50:223-231. [PMID: 26100032 DOI: 10.1016/j.regg.2015.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2014] [Accepted: 03/27/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION More than 10% of the aged 65 years and over in the western world suffers anemia and in one third of them the cause of the anemia remains obscure. The unexplained anemia of the elderly (UAE) is considered an exclusion diagnosis, without the existence of a clear consensus to its clinical or experimental approach. There is an association between aging and anemia in studies performed in animals and in humans. OBJECTIVES To determine if there is evidence in the literature that supports hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) exhaustion and the advanced glycation end-products (AGE's) as a cause of UAE. METHOD A total of 32 combined texts (28 for HSC exhaustion and 4 for AGEs) were selected after an intensive review. Conclusions were associated with causes and effects of the HSC exhaustion and circulating AGE's over aging and anemia. RESULTS Only three works try to establish an association between UAE and HSC exhaustion, two of them disagreed in their conclusions, with the third one differing in the type of study. There is a relationship between anemia and AGEs increase and accumulation. CONCLUSIONS There is evidence in the literature that links the aging molecular and cellular mechanisms with the HSC exhaustion and the increase of AGE's. Furthermore; there is some evidence that both conditions determine the emergence of anemia associated with age in animals and in humans. There is little evidence in the literature to clarify the relationship between aging and UAE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernard Sestier
- Servicio Médico, Residencia Gerontológica Casaverde, Guardamar del Segura, Alicante, España.
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Ascione R, Rowlinson J, Avolio E, Katare R, Meloni M, Spencer HL, Mangialardi G, Norris C, Kränkel N, Spinetti G, Emanueli C, Madeddu P. Migration towards SDF-1 selects angiogenin-expressing bone marrow monocytes endowed with cardiac reparative activity in patients with previous myocardial infarction. Stem Cell Res Ther 2015; 6:53. [PMID: 25889213 PMCID: PMC4440500 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-015-0028-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2014] [Revised: 07/04/2014] [Accepted: 02/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Chemokine-directed migration is crucial for homing of regenerative cells to the infarcted heart and correlates with outcomes of cell therapy trials. Hence, transplantation of chemokine-responsive bone marrow cells may be ideal for treatment of myocardial ischemia. To verify the therapeutic activity of bone marrow mononuclear cells (BM-MNCs) selected by in vitro migration towards the chemokine stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) in a mouse model of myocardial infarction (MI), we used BM-MNCs from patients with previous large MI recruited in the TransACT-1&2 cell therapy trials. Methods Unfractioned BM-MNCs, SDF-1-responsive, and SDF-1-nonresponsive BM-MNCs isolated by patients recruited in the TransACT-1&2 cell therapy trials were tested in Matrigel assay to evaluate angiogenic potential. Secretome and antigenic profile were characterized by flow cytometry. Angiogenin expression was measured by RT-PCR. Cells groups were also intramyocardially injected in an in vivo model of MI (8-week-old immune deficient CD1-FOXN1nu/nu mice). Echocardiography and hemodynamic measurements were performed before and at 14 days post-MI. Arterioles and capillaries density, infiltration of inflammatory cells, interstitial fibrosis, and cardiomyocyte proliferation and apoptosis were assessed by immunohistochemistry. Results In vitro migration enriched for monocytes, while CD34+ and CD133+ cells and T lymphocytes remained mainly confined in the non-migrated fraction. Unfractioned total BM-MNCs promoted angiogenesis on Matrigel more efficiently than migrated or non-migrated cells. In mice with induced MI, intramyocardial injection of unfractionated or migrated BM-MNCs was more effective in preserving cardiac contractility and pressure indexes than vehicle or non-migrated BM-MNCs. Moreover, unfractioned BM-MNCs enhanced neovascularization, whereas the migrated fraction was unique in reducing the infarct size and interstitial fibrosis. In vitro studies on isolated cardiomyocytes suggest participation of angiogenin, a secreted ribonuclease that inhibits protein translation under stress conditions, in promotion of cardiomyocyte survival by migrated BM-MNCs. Conclusions Transplantation of bone marrow cells helps post-MI healing through distinct actions on vascular cells and cardiomyocytes. In addition, the SDF-1-responsive fraction is enriched with angiogenin-expressing monocytes, which may improve cardiac recovery through activation of cardiomyocyte response to stress. Identification of factors linking migratory and therapeutic outcomes could help refine regenerative approaches. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13287-015-0028-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raimondo Ascione
- Bristol Heart Institute, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Upper Maudlin Road, Bristol, BS2 8HW, UK.
| | - Jonathan Rowlinson
- Bristol Heart Institute, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Upper Maudlin Road, Bristol, BS2 8HW, UK.
| | - Elisa Avolio
- Bristol Heart Institute, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Upper Maudlin Road, Bristol, BS2 8HW, UK.
| | - Rajesh Katare
- Bristol Heart Institute, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Upper Maudlin Road, Bristol, BS2 8HW, UK.
| | - Marco Meloni
- Bristol Heart Institute, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Upper Maudlin Road, Bristol, BS2 8HW, UK.
| | - Helen L Spencer
- Bristol Heart Institute, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Upper Maudlin Road, Bristol, BS2 8HW, UK.
| | - Giuseppe Mangialardi
- Bristol Heart Institute, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Upper Maudlin Road, Bristol, BS2 8HW, UK.
| | - Caroline Norris
- Bristol Heart Institute, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Upper Maudlin Road, Bristol, BS2 8HW, UK.
| | | | | | - Costanza Emanueli
- Bristol Heart Institute, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Upper Maudlin Road, Bristol, BS2 8HW, UK.
| | - Paolo Madeddu
- Bristol Heart Institute, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Upper Maudlin Road, Bristol, BS2 8HW, UK.
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Golpanian S, El-Khorazaty J, Mendizabal A, DiFede DL, Suncion VY, Karantalis V, Fishman JE, Ghersin E, Balkan W, Hare JM. Effect of aging on human mesenchymal stem cell therapy in ischemic cardiomyopathy patients. J Am Coll Cardiol 2015; 65:125-32. [PMID: 25593053 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2014.10.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2014] [Revised: 09/21/2014] [Accepted: 10/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of patient age in the efficacy of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy in ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM) is controversial. OBJECTIVES This study sought to determine whether the therapeutic effect of culture-expanded MSCs persists, even in older subjects. METHODS Patients with ICM who received MSCs via transendocardial stem cell injection (TESI) as part of the TAC-HFT (Transendocardial Autologous Cells in Ischemic Heart Failure) (n = 19) and POSEIDON (Percutaneous Stem Cell Injection Delivery Effects on Neomyogenesis) (n = 30) clinical trials were divided into 2 age groups: younger than 60 and 60 years of age and older. Functional capacity was measured by 6-min walk distance (6MWD) and quality of life using the Minnesota Living With Heart Failure Questionnaire (MLHFQ) score, measured at baseline, 6 months, and 1 year post-TESI. Various cardiac imaging parameters, including absolute scar size, were compared at baseline and 1 year post-TESI. RESULTS The mean 6MWD was similar at baseline and increased at 1 year post-TESI in both groups: 48.5 ± 14.6 m (p = 0.001) for the younger and 35.9 ± 18.3 m (p = 0.038) for the older participants (p = NS between groups). The older group exhibited a significant reduction in MLHFQ score (-7.04 ± 3.54; p = 0.022), whereas the younger than 60 age group had a borderline significant reduction (-11.22 ± 5.24; p = 0.058) from baseline (p = NS between groups). Although there were significant reductions in absolute scar size from baseline to 1 year post-TESI, the effect did not differ by age. CONCLUSIONS MSC therapy with TESI in ICM patients improves 6MWD and MLHFQ score and reduces myocardial infarction size. Importantly, older individuals did not have an impaired response to MSC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Golpanian
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | | | | | - Darcy L DiFede
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Viky Y Suncion
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Vasileios Karantalis
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Joel E Fishman
- Department of Radiology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Eduard Ghersin
- Department of Radiology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Wayne Balkan
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Joshua M Hare
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida.
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McKerrell T, Park N, Moreno T, Grove CS, Ponstingl H, Stephens J, Crawley C, Craig J, Scott MA, Hodkinson C, Baxter J, Rad R, Forsyth DR, Quail MA, Zeggini E, Ouwehand W, Varela I, Vassiliou GS. Leukemia-associated somatic mutations drive distinct patterns of age-related clonal hemopoiesis. Cell Rep 2015; 10:1239-45. [PMID: 25732814 PMCID: PMC4542313 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2015.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 382] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2014] [Revised: 01/19/2015] [Accepted: 01/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Clonal hemopoiesis driven by leukemia-associated gene mutations can occur without evidence of a blood disorder. To investigate this phenomenon, we interrogated 15 mutation hot spots in blood DNA from 4,219 individuals using ultra-deep sequencing. Using only the hot spots studied, we identified clonal hemopoiesis in 0.8% of individuals under 60, rising to 19.5% of those ≥90 years, thus predicting that clonal hemopoiesis is much more prevalent than previously realized. DNMT3A-R882 mutations were most common and, although their prevalence increased with age, were found in individuals as young as 25 years. By contrast, mutations affecting spliceosome genes SF3B1 and SRSF2, closely associated with the myelodysplastic syndromes, were identified only in those aged >70 years, with several individuals harboring more than one such mutation. This indicates that spliceosome gene mutations drive clonal expansion under selection pressures particular to the aging hemopoietic system and explains the high incidence of clonal disorders associated with these mutations in advanced old age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas McKerrell
- Haematological Cancer Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Naomi Park
- Sequencing Research Group, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Thaidy Moreno
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria (CSIC-UC-Sodercan), Departamento de Biología Molecular, Universidad de Cantabria, 39011 Santander, Spain
| | - Carolyn S Grove
- Haematological Cancer Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Hannes Ponstingl
- Haematological Cancer Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Jonathan Stephens
- Department of Haematology, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK; NHS Blood and Transplant, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0PT, UK
| | | | - Charles Crawley
- Department of Haematology, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Jenny Craig
- Department of Haematology, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Mike A Scott
- Department of Haematology, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Clare Hodkinson
- Department of Haematology, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK; Cambridge Blood and Stem Cell Biobank, Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK
| | - Joanna Baxter
- Department of Haematology, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK; Cambridge Blood and Stem Cell Biobank, Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK
| | - Roland Rad
- Department of Medicine II, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, 81675 München, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Duncan R Forsyth
- Department of Medicine for the Elderly, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Michael A Quail
- Sequencing Research Group, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK
| | | | - Willem Ouwehand
- Department of Haematology, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK; NHS Blood and Transplant, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0PT, UK; Human Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Ignacio Varela
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria (CSIC-UC-Sodercan), Departamento de Biología Molecular, Universidad de Cantabria, 39011 Santander, Spain
| | - George S Vassiliou
- Haematological Cancer Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK; Department of Haematology, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK; Department of Haematology, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK.
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Abstract
The thymus is one of the cornerstones of an effective immune system. It produces new T-cells for the naïve T-cell pool, thus refreshing the peripheral repertoire. As we age, the thymus atrophies and there is a decrease in the area of active T-cell production. A decline in the output of the thymus eventually leads to changes in the peripheral T-cell pool which includes increases in the number of cells at or near their replicative limit and contraction of the repertoire. Debate about the age-associated changes in the thymus leading to functional decline centres on whether this is due to problems with the environment provided by the thymus or with defects in the progenitor cell compartment. In mice, the evidence points towards problems in the epithelial component of the thymus and the production of IL-7 (interleukin 7). But there are discussions about how appropriate mouse models are for human aging. We have developed a simple system that utilizes both human keratinocyte and fibroblast cell lines arrayed on a synthetic tantalum-coated matrix to provide a permissive environment for the maturation of human CD34+ haemopoietic progenitor cells into mature CD4+ or CD8+ T-lymphocytes. We have characterized the requirements for differentiation within these cultures and used this system to compare the ability of CD34+ cells derived from different sources to produce mature thymocytes. The TREC (T-cell receptor excision circle) assay was used as a means of identifying newly produced thymocytes.
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Font de Mora J, Díez Juan A. The decay of stem cell nourishment at the niche. Rejuvenation Res 2014; 16:487-94. [PMID: 23937078 DOI: 10.1089/rej.2013.1440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the main features of human aging is the loss of adult stem cell homeostasis. Organs that are very dependent on adult stem cells show increased susceptibility to aging, particularly organs that present a vascular stem cell niche. Reduced regenerative capacity in tissues correlates with reduced stem cell function, which parallels a loss of microvascular density (rarefraction) and plasticity. Moreover, the age-related loss of microvascular plasticity and rarefaction has significance beyond metabolic support for tissues because stem cell niches are regulated co-ordinately with the vascular cells. In addition, microvascular rarefaction is related to increased inflammatory signals that may negatively regulate the stem cell population. Thus, the processes of microvascular rarefaction, adult stem cell dysfunction, and inflammation underlie the cycle of physiological decline that we call aging. Observations from new mouse models and humans are discussed here to support the vascular aging theory. We develop a novel theory to explain the complexity of aging in mammals and perhaps in other organisms. The connection between vascular endothelial tissue and organismal aging provides a potential evolutionary conserved mechanism that is an ideal target for the development of therapies to prevent or delay age-related processes in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaime Font de Mora
- 1 Fundación para la Investigación Hospital La Fe and Instituto Valenciano de Patología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Católica de Valencia San Vicente Mártir , Valencia, Spain
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10
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Aging Impairs Long-Term Hematopoietic Regeneration after Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2014; 20:865-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2014.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2014] [Accepted: 03/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Farrell TL, McGuire TR, Bilek LD, Brusnahan SK, Jackson JD, Lane JT, Garvin KL, O'Kane BJ, Berger AM, Tuljapurkar SR, Kessinger MA, Sharp JG. Changes in the frequencies of human hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells with age and site. Exp Hematol 2014; 42:146-54. [PMID: 24246745 PMCID: PMC3944726 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2013.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2013] [Revised: 09/24/2013] [Accepted: 11/06/2013] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
This study enumerated CD45(hi)/CD34(+) and CD45(hi)/CD133(+) human hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and progenitor granulocyte-macrophage colony forming cells (GM-CFCs) in blood and trochanteric and femoral bone marrow in 233 individuals. Stem cell frequencies were determined with multiparameter flow cytometry and using an internal control to determine the intrinsic variance of the assays. Progenitor cell frequency was determined using a standard colony assay technique. The frequency of outliers from undetermined methodological causes was highest for blood, but less than 5% for all values. The frequency of CD45(hi)/CD133(+) cells correlated highly with the frequency of CD45(hi)/CD34(+) cells in trochanteric and femoral bone marrow. The frequency of these HSC populations in trochanteric and femoral bone marrow rose significantly with age. In contrast, there was no significant trend of either of these cell populations with age in the blood. Trochanteric marrow progenitor GM-CFCs showed no significant trends with age, but femoral marrow GM-CFCs trended downward with age, potentially because of the reported conversion of red marrow at this site to fat with age. Hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells exhibited changes in frequencies with age that differed between blood and bone marrow. We previously reported that side population (SP) multipotential HSC, which includes the precursors of CD45(hi)/CD133(+) and CD45(hi)/CD34(+), decline with age. Potentially the increases in stem cell frequencies in the intermediate compartment between SP and GM progenitor cells observed in this study represent a compensatory increase for the loss of more potent members of the HSC hierarchy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracy L Farrell
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Timothy R McGuire
- Pharmacy Practice, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Laura D Bilek
- School of Allied Health Professions, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Susan K Brusnahan
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - John D Jackson
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Judy T Lane
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Kevin L Garvin
- Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | | | - Ann M Berger
- Adult Health and Illness, College of Nursing, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Sonal R Tuljapurkar
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - M Anne Kessinger
- Internal Medicine Oncology/Hematology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - John Graham Sharp
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myung Geun Shin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical School, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
- Center for Creative Biomedical Scientists, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
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13
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Heinbokel T, Elkhal A, Liu G, Edtinger K, Tullius SG. Immunosenescence and organ transplantation. Transplant Rev (Orlando) 2013; 27:65-75. [PMID: 23639337 PMCID: PMC3718545 DOI: 10.1016/j.trre.2013.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2012] [Revised: 12/17/2012] [Accepted: 03/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Increasing numbers of elderly transplant recipients and a growing demand for organs from older donors impose pressing challenges on transplantation medicine. Continuous and complex modifications of the immune system in parallel to aging have a major impact on transplant outcome and organ quality. Both, altered alloimmune responses and increased immunogenicity of organs present risk factors for inferior patient and graft survival. Moreover, a growing body of knowledge on age-dependent modifications of allorecognition and alloimmune responses may require age-adapted immunosuppression and organ allocation. Here, we summarize relevant aspects of immunosenescence and their possible clinical impact on organ transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timm Heinbokel
- Division of Transplant Surgery and Transplant Surgery Research Laboratory, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Abdallah Elkhal
- Division of Transplant Surgery and Transplant Surgery Research Laboratory, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Guangxiang Liu
- Division of Transplant Surgery and Transplant Surgery Research Laboratory, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Karoline Edtinger
- Division of Transplant Surgery and Transplant Surgery Research Laboratory, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Stefan G. Tullius
- Division of Transplant Surgery and Transplant Surgery Research Laboratory, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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14
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Heinbokel T, Hock K, Liu G, Edtinger K, Elkhal A, Tullius SG. Impact of immunosenescence on transplant outcome. Transpl Int 2012. [DOI: 10.1111/tri.12013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Guangxiang Liu
- Transplant Surgery Research Laboratory and Division of Transplant Surgery; Brigham and Women's Hospital; Harvard Medical School; Boston; MA; USA
| | - Karoline Edtinger
- Transplant Surgery Research Laboratory and Division of Transplant Surgery; Brigham and Women's Hospital; Harvard Medical School; Boston; MA; USA
| | - Abdallah Elkhal
- Transplant Surgery Research Laboratory and Division of Transplant Surgery; Brigham and Women's Hospital; Harvard Medical School; Boston; MA; USA
| | - Stefan G. Tullius
- Transplant Surgery Research Laboratory and Division of Transplant Surgery; Brigham and Women's Hospital; Harvard Medical School; Boston; MA; USA
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15
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Human bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells are increased in frequency and myeloid-biased with age. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2011; 108:20012-7. [PMID: 22123971 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1116110108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 622] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
In the human hematopoietic system, aging is associated with decreased bone marrow cellularity, decreased adaptive immune system function, and increased incidence of anemia and other hematological disorders and malignancies. Recent studies in mice suggest that changes within the hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) population during aging contribute significantly to the manifestation of these age-associated hematopoietic pathologies. Though the mouse HSC population has been shown to change both quantitatively and functionally with age, changes in the human HSC and progenitor cell populations during aging have been incompletely characterized. To elucidate the properties of an aged human hematopoietic system that may predispose to age-associated hematopoietic dysfunction, we evaluated immunophenotypic HSC and other hematopoietic progenitor populations from healthy, hematologically normal young and elderly human bone marrow samples. We found that aged immunophenotypic human HSC increase in frequency, are less quiescent, and exhibit myeloid-biased differentiation potential compared with young HSC. Gene expression profiling revealed that aged immunophenotypic human HSC transcriptionally up-regulate genes associated with cell cycle, myeloid lineage specification, and myeloid malignancies. These age-associated alterations in the frequency, developmental potential, and gene expression profile of human HSC are similar to those changes observed in mouse HSC, suggesting that hematopoietic aging is an evolutionarily conserved process.
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16
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Woolthuis CM, de Haan G, Huls G. Aging of hematopoietic stem cells: Intrinsic changes or micro-environmental effects? Curr Opin Immunol 2011; 23:512-7. [PMID: 21664115 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2011.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2011] [Revised: 05/18/2011] [Accepted: 05/19/2011] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
During development hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) expand in number and persist throughout life by undergoing self-renewing divisions. Nevertheless, the hematopoietic system does not escape the negative effects of aging, suggesting that self-renewal is not complete. A fundamental issue in stem cell biology relates to such age-dependent loss of stem cell activity. Both stem cell intrinsic factors and extrinsic factors associated with an aging micro-environment could contribute to aging of the hematopoietic system. Recently, changes in the clonal composition of the HSC compartment during aging have been put forward as a key factor. Here, we discuss these recent developments and speculate how they may be of clinical relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolien M Woolthuis
- Department of Hematology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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17
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Kuranda K, Vargaftig J, de la Rochere P, Dosquet C, Charron D, Bardin F, Tonnelle C, Bonnet D, Goodhardt M. Age-related changes in human hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells. Aging Cell 2011; 10:542-6. [PMID: 21418508 DOI: 10.1111/j.1474-9726.2011.00675.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Adult stem cells are critical for maintaining cellular homeostasis throughout life, yet the effects of age on their regenerative capacity are poorly understood. All lymphoid and myeloid blood cell lineages are continuously generated from hematopoietic stem cells present in human bone marrow. With age, significant changes in the function and composition of mature blood cells are observed. In this study, we report that age-related changes also occur in the human hematopoietic stem cell compartment. We find that the proportion of multipotent CD34(+) CD38(-) cells increases in the bone marrow of elderly (>70 years) individuals. CD34(+) CD38(+) CD90(-) CD45RA(+/-) CD10(-) and CD34(+) CD33(+) myeloid progenitors persist at the same level in the bone marrow, while the frequency of early CD34(+) CD38(+) CD90(-) CD45RA(+) CD10(+) and committed CD34(+) CD19(+) B-lymphoid progenitors decreases with age. In contrast to mice models of aging, transplantation experiments with immunodeficient NOD/SCID/IL-2Rγ null (NSG) mice showed that the frequency of NSG repopulating cells does not change significantly with age, and there is a decrease in myeloid lineage reconstitution. An age-related decrease in the capacity of CD34(+) cells to generate myeloid cells was also seen in colony-forming assays in vitro. Thus, with increasing age, human hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells undergo quantitative changes as well as functional modifications.
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18
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Abstract
The function of adult tissue-specific stem cells declines with age, which may contribute to the physiological decline in tissue homeostasis and the increased risk of neoplasm during aging. Old stem cells can be 'rejuvenated' by environmental stimuli in some cases, raising the possibility that a subset of age-dependent stem cell changes is regulated by reversible mechanisms. Epigenetic regulators are good candidates for such mechanisms, as they provide a versatile checkpoint to mediate plastic changes in gene expression and have recently been found to control organismal longevity. Here, we review the importance of chromatin regulation in adult stem cell compartments. We particularly focus on the roles of chromatin-modifying complexes and transcription factors that directly impact chromatin in aging stem cells. Understanding the regulation of chromatin states in adult stem cells is likely to have important implications for identifying avenues to maintain the homeostatic balance between sustained function and neoplastic transformation of aging stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- E A Pollina
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, CA, USA
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19
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Stem cells and the aging hematopoietic system. Curr Opin Immunol 2010; 22:500-6. [PMID: 20650622 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2010.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2010] [Accepted: 06/15/2010] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Advancing age is accompanied by a number of clinically significant conditions arising in the hematopoietic system that include: diminution and decreased competence of the adaptive immune system, elevated incidence of certain autoimmune diseases, increased hematological malignancies, and elevated incidence of age-associated anemia. As with most tissues, the aged hematopoietic system also exhibits a reduced capacity to regenerate and return to normal homeostasis after injury or stress. Evidence suggests age-dependent functional alterations within the hematopoietic stem cell compartment significantly contribute to many of these pathophysiologies. Recent developments have shed light on how aging of the hematopoietic stem cell compartment contributes to hematopoietic decline through diverse mechanisms.
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Povsic TJ, Zhou J, Adams SD, Bolognesi MP, Attarian DE, Peterson ED. Aging is not associated with bone marrow-resident progenitor cell depletion. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2010; 65:1042-50. [PMID: 20591876 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glq110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Changes in progenitor cell biology remain at the forefront of many theories of biologic aging, but there are limited studies evaluating this in humans. Aging has been associated with a progressive depletion of circulating progenitor cells, but age-related bone marrow-resident progenitor cell depletion has not been systematically determined in humans. Patients undergoing total hip replacement were consented, and bone marrow and peripheral progenitor cells were enumerated based on aldehyde dehydrogenase activity and CD34 and CD133 expression. Circulating progenitors demonstrated an age-dependent decline. In contrast, marrow-resident progenitor cell content demonstrated no age association with any progenitor cell subtype. In humans, aging is associated with depletion of circulating, but not marrow-resident, progenitors. This finding has impact on the mechanism(s) responsible for age-related changes in circulating stem cells and important implications for the use of autologous marrow for the treatment of age-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas J Povsic
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27705, USA.
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