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Horiuchi S, Nakano R, Nakano A, Hishiya N, Uno K, Suzuki Y, Kakuta N, Kakuta R, Tsubaki K, Jojima N, Yano H. Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori among residents and their environments in the Nara prefecture, Japan. J Infect Public Health 2021; 14:271-275. [PMID: 33508684 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2020.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic infection with Helicobacter pylori, specifically cagA-positive strains, is associated with gastric cancer. Thus, measures to prevent H. pylori infection are required. This study was conducted to clarify the prevalence of H. pylori in the community to identify the infection source and comprehensively assess the risk of H. pylori infection. METHODS We collected 90 human faecal samples and 73 environmental samples (water, vegetable, and animal faecal samples) from the residents in an area with a high incidence of gastric cancer in Japan. Polymerase chain reaction assay was performed to detect the glmM housekeeping gene and the cagA virulence gene of H. pylori. A questionnaire survey was conducted, and the responses were analyzed statistically. RESULTS The glmM gene was detected in 18 of 90 (20%) faecal samples obtained from residents; among them, the cagA gene was detected in 33.3% (6/18), and in all who had undergone eradication therapy. H. pylori was not detected in environmental samples. However, contact with dogs (OR 3.89, 95% CI 1.15-13.15, P < 0.05) was associated with higher odds for glmM gene positivity in the questionnaire survey. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of H. pylori and cagA-positive strains among the residents was low. However, the study results suggest a correlation between recurrent infection and cagA-positive H. pylori strains. Although H. pylori genes were not detected in living environments, an association between contact with dogs and a glmM positive status was revealed. Further investigations targeting community-dwelling healthy people and their living environments would be required for H. pylori infection control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saori Horiuchi
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-Cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan; Department of Public Health Nursing, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-Cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Ryuichi Nakano
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-Cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan.
| | - Akiyo Nakano
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-Cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Naokuni Hishiya
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Minami-Nara General Medical Center, 8-1 Fukugami, Oyodo, Yoshino-gun, Nara 638-8551, Japan
| | - Kenji Uno
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Minami-Nara General Medical Center, 8-1 Fukugami, Oyodo, Yoshino-gun, Nara 638-8551, Japan
| | - Yuki Suzuki
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-Cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Naoki Kakuta
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-Cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Risako Kakuta
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan
| | - Kohsuke Tsubaki
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-Cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Noriko Jojima
- Department of Public Health Nursing, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-Cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Hisakazu Yano
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-Cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan
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Ozbey G, Dogan Y, Demiroren K, Ozercan IH. Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori in children in eastern Turkey and molecular typing of isolates. Braz J Microbiol 2015; 46:505-11. [PMID: 26273266 PMCID: PMC4507543 DOI: 10.1590/s1517-838246220140234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2013] [Accepted: 09/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The objectives of the present study were to determine Helicobacter
pylori via culture, polymerase chain reaction and histopathological
diagnosis in 101 children ranging in age from 4 to 18 years, to identify the
association among restriction fragment length polymorphism types and clinical
disease and to investigate the relationships among different isolates of
H. pylori in different age groups. We observed a high
prevalence of H. pylori infections in children between the ages
of 13 and 18 (75.8%), while children aged 4 to 6 years had the lowest prevalence
of infection (40%). H. pylori was detected in 30.7% (31 of
101), 66.3% (67 of 101) and 63.2% (60 of 95) of children as determined by
culture methods, PCR and histological examination, respectively. H.
pylori isolates with RFLP types I and III were the most common
among children with antral nodularity, whereas RFLP types II and IV were the
least detected types. Interestingly, all isolates from peptic ulcer patients
were type III. Although our results show a high prevalence of H.
pylori infections in the pediatric population in eastern Turkey, no
association was identified between H. pylori infection with
antral nodularity and recurring abdominal pain. In addition, we found low
genetic variation among H. pylori isolates from children and no
association between RFLP types and antral nodularity (p > 0.05).
Additionally, we found that H. pylori isolates with specific
RFLP types were predominant in different age groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gokben Ozbey
- Firat University, Vocational School of Health Services, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey, Vocational School of Health Services, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Yasar Dogan
- Firat University, Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey, Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Kaan Demiroren
- Firat University, Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey, Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Ibrahim Hanifi Ozercan
- Firat University, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
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Kõljalg S, Truusalu K, Stsepetova J, Pai K, Vainumäe I, Sepp E, Mikelsaar M. TheEscherichia coliphylogenetic group B2 with integrons prevails in childhood recurrent urinary tract infections. APMIS 2013; 122:452-8. [DOI: 10.1111/apm.12167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2012] [Accepted: 07/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Siiri Kõljalg
- Department of Microbiology; University of Tartu; Tartu
| | - Kai Truusalu
- Department of Microbiology; University of Tartu; Tartu
| | | | - Kristiine Pai
- Department of Microbiology; University of Tartu; Tartu
| | - Inga Vainumäe
- Department ofPediatrics; University of Tartu; Tartu Estonia
| | - Epp Sepp
- Department of Microbiology; University of Tartu; Tartu
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Abstract
Although Helicobacter pylori infection is both a common and a serious bacterial infection, antimicrobial therapies have rarely been optimized, are prescribed empirically, and provide inferior results compared with antimicrobial therapies for other common infectious diseases. The effectiveness of many of the frequently recommended H. pylori infection treatment regimens has been increasingly compromised by antimicrobial resistance. Regional data on the susceptibility of strains of H. pylori to available antimicrobials are sorely needed. Noninvasive molecular methods are possible to assess clarithromycin susceptibility in isolates obtained from stool specimens. As a general rule, clinicians should prescribe therapeutic regimens that have a ≥90% or, preferably, ≥95% eradication rate locally. If no available regimen can achieve a ≥90% eradication rate, clinicians should use the most effective regimen(s) available locally. Eradication of infection should always be confirmed after treatment in order to provide feedback regarding local effectiveness and an early warning of increasing resistance. In most regions of the world, four-drug treatment regimens, including a PPI plus three antimicrobials (clarithromycin, metronidazole/tinidazole and amoxicillin), or a PPI plus a bismuth plus tetracycline and metronidazole provide the best results. Standard triple therapy (a PPI, amoxicillin and clarithromycin) should now be avoided owing to increasing resistance to this treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emiko Rimbara
- Department of Medicine, Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center and Baylor College of Medicine, 2002 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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Torab FC, Amer M, Abu-Zidan FM, Branicki FJ. Perforated peptic ulcer: different ethnic, climatic and fasting risk factors for morbidity in Al-ain medical district, United Arab Emirates. Asian J Surg 2009; 32:95-101. [PMID: 19423456 DOI: 10.1016/s1015-9584(09)60018-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To evaluate risk factors, morbidity and mortality rates of perforated peptic ulcer (PPU) and to investigate factors affecting postoperative complications of PPU. BACKGROUND The incidence of PPU has remained constant, simple closure with omental patch repair being the mainstay of treatment. PATIENTS AND METHODS One hundred and nineteen patients admitted to Al-Ain Hospital with PPU between January 2000 and March 2004 was studied retrospectively; two with deficient data were excluded from the analysis. Logistic regression was used to define factors affecting postoperative complications. RESULTS The mean age of patients was 35.3 years (range, 20-65). 45.7% of patients were Bangladeshi, and 85.3% originated from the Indian subcontinent. One patient, subsequently found to have a perforated gastric cancer, died. In 116 patients, 26 complications were recorded in 20 patients (17.2%). Common risk factors for perforation were smoking, history of peptic ulcer disease (PUD) and use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). A significantly increased risk of perforation was evident during the daytime fasting month of Ramadan. An increase in the acute physiology and chronic health evaluation (APACHE) II score (p = 0.047) and a reduced white blood cell count (0.04) were highly significant for the prediction of postoperative complications. CONCLUSION Patients with dyspeptic symptoms and a history of previous PUD should be considered for prophylactic treatment to prevent ulcer recurrence during prolonged daytime fasting in Ramadan, especially during the winter time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fawaz Chikh Torab
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, UAE University, UAE
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