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Leena SS, Akhir A, Saxena D, Maitra R, Chopra S, Deepthi A. Synthesis of tryptanthrin appended dispiropyrrolidine oxindoles and their antibacterial evaluation. RSC Med Chem 2023; 14:1165-1171. [PMID: 37360391 PMCID: PMC10285769 DOI: 10.1039/d3md00017f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The synthesis of sixteen tryptanthrin appended dispiropyrrolidine oxindoles, employing [3 + 2] cycloaddition of tryptanthrin-derived azomethine ylides with isatilidenes, and their detailed antibacterial evaluation is described. The in vitro antibacterial activities of the compounds were evaluated against ESKAPE pathogens and clinically relevant drug-resistant MRSA/VRSA strains, from which the bromo-substituted dispiropyrrolidine oxindole 5b (MIC = 0.125 μg mL-1) was found to be a potent molecule against S. aureus ATCC 29213 with a good selectivity index.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Abdul Akhir
- Division of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute Sector 10, Janakipuram Extension, Sitapur Road Lucknow-226031 Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Deepanshi Saxena
- Division of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute Sector 10, Janakipuram Extension, Sitapur Road Lucknow-226031 Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Rahul Maitra
- Division of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute Sector 10, Janakipuram Extension, Sitapur Road Lucknow-226031 Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Sidharth Chopra
- Division of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute Sector 10, Janakipuram Extension, Sitapur Road Lucknow-226031 Uttar Pradesh India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad 201002 India
| | - Ani Deepthi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kerala Kariavattom Trivandrum-695581 India
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2
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Regioselective synthesis of spirooxindole-pyrolidine via (GAP) chemistry process: Experimental and DFT study. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.133891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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3
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Recent update on the role of N-methyl glycine as a building block for the construction of N-heterocyclic frameworks. Tetrahedron 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2022.133096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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4
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Marques CS, Carreiro EP, Teixeira APS. Multicomponent Synthesis of Heterocycles. HETEROCYCLES 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/9783527832002.ch7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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5
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Wang KK, Li YL, Chen R, Wang ZY, Li NB, Zhang LL, Gu S. Substrate-Controlled Regioselectivity Switchable [3 + 2] Annulations To Access Spirooxindole Skeletons. J Org Chem 2022; 87:8158-8169. [PMID: 35675122 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c00892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The additive-free [3 + 2] annulation from isatins, amino acids with 2-styrylbenzoxazoles, was described, providing a series of functional and structurally complex 3,3'-pyrrolidinyl-spirooxindole derivatives containing four contiguous and two quaternary stereogenic centers in high yields (up to 95%) and excellent diastereoselectivities (up to >25:1 dr). Interestingly, the reaction exhibits switchable regioselectivity depending on the substrate of amino acids. With proline or thioproline as the substrate, the reaction afforded α-regioselective spirooxindole skeletons. In contrast, when piperidine acid is the substrate, the reaction provided γ-regioselective spirooxindole skeletons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Kai Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang University, Xinxiang, Henan 453000, P. R. China
| | - Yan-Li Li
- Medical College, Xinxiang University, Xinxiang, Henan 453000, P. R. China
| | - Rongxiang Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang University, Xinxiang, Henan 453000, P. R. China
| | - Zhan-Yong Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang University, Xinxiang, Henan 453000, P. R. China
| | - Ning-Bo Li
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang University, Xinxiang, Henan 453000, P. R. China
| | - Lu Lu Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang University, Xinxiang, Henan 453000, P. R. China
| | - Shan Gu
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang University, Xinxiang, Henan 453000, P. R. China
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6
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Wang K, Li Y, Chen R, Sun A, Wang Z, Zhao Y, Wang M, Sheng S. Substrate‐Controlled Regioselectivity Switch in a Three‐Component 1,3‐Dipolar Cycloaddition Reaction to Access 3,3′‐Pyrrolidinyl‐Spirooxindoles Derivatives. Adv Synth Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202200269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kai‐Kai Wang
- School of Pharmacy Xinxiang University Xinxiang 453000 People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Nano-carbon Modified Film Technology Engineering of Henan Province Xinxiang 453000 People's Republic of China
| | - Yan‐Li Li
- Medical College Xinxiang University Xinxiang 453000 People's Republic of China
| | - Rong‐Xiang Chen
- School of Pharmacy Xinxiang University Xinxiang 453000 People's Republic of China
| | - Ai‐Li Sun
- Key Laboratory of Nano-carbon Modified Film Technology Engineering of Henan Province Xinxiang 453000 People's Republic of China
| | - Zhan‐Yong Wang
- School of Pharmacy Xinxiang University Xinxiang 453000 People's Republic of China
| | - Ying‐Chao Zhao
- School of Pharmacy Xinxiang University Xinxiang 453000 People's Republic of China
| | - Ming‐Yue Wang
- School of Pharmacy Xinxiang University Xinxiang 453000 People's Republic of China
| | - Shi Sheng
- School of Pharmacy Xinxiang University Xinxiang 453000 People's Republic of China
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Nasri S, Bayat M, Mirzaei F. Recent Strategies in the Synthesis of Spiroindole and Spirooxindole Scaffolds. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2021; 379:25. [PMID: 34002298 DOI: 10.1007/s41061-021-00337-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Spiroindole and spirooxindole scaffolds are very important spiro-heterocyclic compounds in drug design processes. Significant attention has been directed at obtaining molecules based on spiroindole and spirooxindole derivatives that have bioactivity against cancer cells, microbes, and different types of disease affecting the human body. Due to their inherent three-dimensional nature and ability to project functionalities in all three dimensions, they have become biological targets. Considering reports on spiroindole and spirooxindole-containing scaffolds in the past decades, introducing novel synthetic procedures has been an active research field of organic chemistry for well over a century and will be useful in creating new therapeutic agents. This review summarizes the pharmacological significance of spiroindole and spirooxindole scaffolds and highlights the latest strategies for their synthesis, focusing particularly on the past 2 years with typical examples. The spiroindole and spirooxindoles in this review are divided by the type and ring size of the spirocycle that is fused to indole or oxindole. Summarizing these procedures will be very beneficial for discovering novel therapeutic candidate molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shima Nasri
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Mohammad Bayat
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran.
| | - Faezeh Mirzaei
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran
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8
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Brandão P, Marques CS, Carreiro EP, Pineiro M, Burke AJ. Engaging Isatins in Multicomponent Reactions (MCRs) - Easy Access to Structural Diversity. CHEM REC 2021; 21:924-1037. [PMID: 33599390 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202000167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Multicomponent reactions (MCRs) are a valuable tool in diversity-oriented synthesis. Its application to privileged structures is gaining relevance in the fields of organic and medicinal chemistry. Isatin, due to its unique reactivity, can undergo different MCRs, affording multiple interesting scaffolds, namely oxindole-derivatives (including spirooxindoles, bis-oxindoles and 3,3-disubstituted oxindoles) and even, under certain conditions, ring-opening reactions occur that leads to other heterocyclic compounds. Over the past few years, new methodologies have been described for the application of this important and easily available starting material in MCRs. In this review, we explore these novelties, displaying them according to the structure of the final products obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Brandão
- University of Coimbra, CQC and Department of Chemistry, 3004-535, Coimbra, Portugal.,LAQV-REQUIMTE, University of Évora, Rua Romão Ramalho, 59, 7000, Évora, Portugal
| | - Carolina S Marques
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, University of Évora, Rua Romão Ramalho, 59, 7000, Évora, Portugal
| | - Elisabete P Carreiro
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, University of Évora, Rua Romão Ramalho, 59, 7000, Évora, Portugal
| | - M Pineiro
- University of Coimbra, CQC and Department of Chemistry, 3004-535, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Anthony J Burke
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, University of Évora, Rua Romão Ramalho, 59, 7000, Évora, Portugal.,University of Evora, Department of Chemistry, Rua Romão Ramalho, 59, 7000, Évora, Portugal
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Bora D, Kaushal A, Shankaraiah N. Anticancer potential of spirocompounds in medicinal chemistry: A pentennial expedition. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 215:113263. [PMID: 33601313 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Spirocompounds constitute an important class of organic frameworks enveloping numerous pharmacological activities, among them, the promising anticancer potential of spirocompounds have enthused medicinal chemists to explore new spiro derivatives with significantly improved pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic profile along with their mechanism of action. The current review intends to provide a sketch of the anticancer activity of various spirocompounds like spirooxindole, spiroisoxazole, spiroindole etc, from the past five years unfolding various aspects of pharmacological activities and their structure-activity relationships (SARs). This literature analysis may provide future direction for the efficient design of novel spiromolecules with enhanced safety and efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darshana Bora
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, 500037, India
| | - Anjali Kaushal
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, 500037, India
| | - Nagula Shankaraiah
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, 500037, India.
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Acharjee N, Mohammad‐Salim HA, Chakraborty M, Rao MP, Ganesh M. Unveiling the high regioselectivity and stereoselectivity within the synthesis of spirooxindolenitropyrrolidine: A molecular electron density theory perspective. J PHYS ORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.4189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mrinmoy Chakraborty
- Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Dr. B. C. Roy Engineering College Durgapur India
| | - Madhuri P. Rao
- Department of Chemistry B.M.S College of Engineering Bengaluru India
| | - Madhu Ganesh
- Department of Chemistry B.M.S College of Engineering Bengaluru India
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research Hyderabad India
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Sathi V, Thomas NV, Deepthi A. Stereoselective synthesis of dispiro heterocycles by [3 + 2] cycloaddition of azomethine ylides with a thiazolo[3,2- a]indole derivative. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:7822-7826. [PMID: 32986053 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob01559h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
A green one pot three component [3 + 2] cycloaddition of a thiazolo[3,2-a]indole derivative (generated by the reaction of thieno[2,3-b]indole-2,3-dione and dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate) with isatin derived azomethine ylides is reported here. An eco-friendly acetyl choline iodide-ethylene glycol (ACI/EG)-mediated deep eutectic solvent system was adopted for the reaction. Spiropyrrolidine oxindoles incorporating multiple stereocenters were obtained in a highly diastereoselective manner in excellent yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vidya Sathi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kerala, Kariavattom, Thiruvananthapuram, 695581, Kerala State, India.
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12
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Thomas NV, Sathi V, Deepthi A, Leena S, Chopra S. Engaging thieno[2,3‐b]indole‐2,3‐dione for the efficient synthesis of spiro[indoline‐3,4′‐thiopyrano[2,3‐b]indole] by reaction with
N
‐substituted isatilidenes. J Heterocycl Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.4147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Noble V. Thomas
- Department of Chemistry University of Kerala Thiruvananthapuram India
| | - Vidya Sathi
- Department of Chemistry University of Kerala Thiruvananthapuram India
| | - Ani Deepthi
- Department of Chemistry University of Kerala Thiruvananthapuram India
| | - Sruthi Leena
- Department of Chemistry University of Kerala Thiruvananthapuram India
| | - Sidharth Chopra
- Division of Microbiology CSIR‐Central Drug Research Institute Lucknow India
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Deepthi A, V. Thomas N, Sathi V. Green Protocols for the Synthesis of 3,3’-spirooxindoles – 2016- mid 2019. CURRENT GREEN CHEMISTRY 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/2213346106666191019144116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Spirooxindoles, particularly 3,3’-spirooxindoles constitute a privileged structural scaffold owing to the intensive biological activities which they possess. Because of this over the last twenty years, a large number of methods were devised for their synthesis and some of these molecules have entered pre-clinical trials. Of late, methods for spirooxindole synthesis using green protocols have developed rapidly. Reactions based on multicomponent strategies using non-catalytic / biocatalytic pathways and those done in aqueous media have been largely employed for the synthesis of 3,3’- spirooxindoles. This review focusses on the synthesis of 3,3’-spirooxindoles via green protocols and covers the literature from 2016 onwards (2016 - mid 2019); a review on the same topic has appeared in 2016. The green methods discussed here include reactions done in aqueous media, multicomponent strategies, alternate solvents and photocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ani Deepthi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram 695581, Kerala, India
| | - Noble V. Thomas
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram 695581, Kerala, India
| | - Vidya Sathi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram 695581, Kerala, India
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