Synthesis, characterization, semi-empirical study, and biological activities of organotin(IV) and transition metal complexes with o-methyl carbonodithioate

Zinc Ortho Methyl Carbonodithioate Improved Pre and Post-Synapse Memory Impairment via SIRT1/p-JNK Pathway against Scopolamine in Adult Mice

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is globally recognized as a prominent cause of dementia for which efficient treatment is still lacking. New candidate compounds that are biologically potent are regularly tested. We, therefore, hypothesized to study the neuroprotective potential of Zinc Ortho Methyl Carbonodithioate (thereafter called ZOMEC) against Scopolamine (SCOP) induced Alzheimer's disease (AD) model using adult albino mice. We post-administered ZOMEC (30 mg/Kg) into two group of mice for three weeks on daily basis that received either 0.9% saline or SCOP (1 mg/Kg) for initial two weeks. The other two groups of mice received 0.9% saline and SCOP (1 mg/Kg) respectively. After memory related behavioral analysis the brain homogenates were evaluated for the antioxidant potential of ZOMEC and multiple protein markers were examined through western blotting. Our results provide enough evidences that ZOMEC decrease oxidative stress by increasing catalase (CAT) and glutathione S transferase (GST) and decreasing the lipid peroxidation (LPO). The SIRT1 and pre and post synaptic marker proteins, synaptophysin (SYP) as well as post synaptic density protein (PSD-95) expression were also enhanced upon ZOMEC treatment. Furthermore, memory impairment was rescued and ZOMEC appreciably abrogated the Aβ accumulation, BACE1 expression C and the p-JNK pathway. The inflammatory protein markers, NF-kβ and IL-1β in ZOMEC treated mice were also comparable with control group. The predicted interaction of ZOMEC with SIRT1 was further confirmed by molecular docking. These findings thus provide initial reports on efficacy of ZOMEC in SCOP induced AD model.

Synthesis of an amantadine-based novel Schiff base and its transition metal complexes as potential ALP, α-amylase, and α-glucosidase inhibitors

A Schiff base ligand HL, (E)-2-((adamantan-1-ylimino)methyl)-6-allylphenol, was synthesized by condensation of amantadine with 3-allyl-2-hydroxybenzaldehyde, followed by the synthesis of its Zn(ii), Co(ii), Cr(iii), and VO(iv) complexes under reflux conditions. The synthesized compounds were comprehensively elucidated by using different spectroscopic and analytical techniques: UV-Vis, ¹H and ¹³C-NMR, FT-IR, ESI-MS, thermal, and single-crystal XRD analysis. The chemical composition of the synthesized compounds was also verified by molar conductance and elemental analysis. An octahedral geometry for Cr(iii) and Co(ii) complexes, tetrahedral for Zn(ii) complex, and square pyramidal geometry have been proposed for VO(iv) complexes. The antidiabetic activities of the synthesized compounds were also evaluated by performing in vitro α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition studies. The Co(ii) complex exhibited the highest α-glucosidase inhibitory activity, whereas oxovanadium(iv) and zinc(ii) complexes were also found to be effective against α-amylase. In alkaline phosphatase (ALP) inhibition studies, the HL was found to be inactive, while the complexes showed remarkable enzyme inhibition in the following order: VO > Zn > Co, in a concentration-dependent manner.

ZOMEC via the p-Akt/Nrf2 Pathway Restored PTZ-Induced Oxidative Stress-Mediated Memory Dysfunction in Mouse Model

A new mechanistic approach to overcome the neurodegenerative disorders caused by oxidative stress in Alzheimer's disease (AD) is highly stressed in this article. Thus, a newly formulated drug (zinc ortho-methyl carbonodithioate (ZOMEC)) was investigated for five weeks on seven-week-old BALB/c male mice. ZOMEC 30 mg/kg was postadministered intraperitoneally during the third week of pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) injection. The brain homogenates of the mice were evaluated for their antioxidant potential for ZOMEC. The results including catalase (CAT), glutathione S transferase (GST), and lipid peroxidation (LPO) demonstrated that ZOMEC significantly reverted the oxidative stress stimulated by PTZ in the mouse brain. ZOMEC upregulated p-Akt/Nrf-2 pathways (also supported by molecular docking methods) to revoke PTZ-induced apoptotic protein markers. ZOMEC reversed PTZ-induced neuronal synapse deficits, improved oxidative stress-aided memory impairment, and inhibited the amyloidogenic pathway in mouse brains. The results suggested the potential of ZOMEC as a new, safe, and neurotherapeutic agent to cure neurodegenerative disorders by decreasing AD-like neuropathology in the animal PTZ model.

Syntheses, structures, and1H,13C{1H} and119Sn{1H} NMR chemical shifts of a family of trimethyltin alkoxide, amide, halide and cyclopentadienyl compounds

The synthesis and full characterization by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (¹H,¹³C{¹H} and¹¹⁹Sn{¹H}) of eleven Me₃SnX complexes in six common organic solvents is presented.