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Birks M, Harrison H, Zhao L, Wright H, Tie YC, Rathnayaka N. Nursing students' experience of bullying and/or harassment during clinical placement. NURSE EDUCATION TODAY 2024; 136:106151. [PMID: 38479329 DOI: 10.1016/j.nedt.2024.106151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
PROBLEM OR BACKGROUND Bullying is a recognised problem in nursing. Nursing students are particularly vulnerable. Bullying and harassment of nursing students can be detrimental to both students and recipients of care. AIM This study aims to identify the incidence and nature of bullying and/or harassment experienced by nursing students in Sri Lanka. METHODS A cross-sectional survey consisting of eight demographic questions and 15 items specific to the experience of bullying and harassment was administered to nursing students online. FINDINGS A total of 656 students from 26 nursing education institutions in Sri Lanka participated. The majority were female with a mean age of 24.4 years. More than a quarter of respondents reported that they had experienced bullying and/or harassment while on clinical placement, with a further 16.7 % being unsure. Most bullying or harassment (55 %) occurred in hospitals with 29 % experienced in community settings. Registered nurses, including nurse managers and clinical facilitators were the most common perpetrators. Verbal abuse was the most frequent type of behaviour reported. DISCUSSION These findings support existing literature that indicates that bullying of nursing students is an international phenomenon. The context of this study provides clues as to how culture may influence the problem. There is a need to better understand bullying and harassment in the environments in which it occurs, in order to identify strategies that can bridge cultures and settings. CONCLUSION The incidence of bullying and harassment of nursing students in Sri Lanka is concerning. Further research is needed to identify and evaluate targeted strategies to help prevent negative outcomes in all nursing contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Birks
- Nursing and Midwifery, College of Healthcare Sciences, James Cook University, Douglas 4811, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Helena Harrison
- Nursing and Midwifery, College of Healthcare Sciences, James Cook University, Douglas 4811, Queensland, Australia
| | - Lin Zhao
- Discipline of Nursing, School of Health & Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora 3083, Victoria, Australia
| | - Helen Wright
- Nursing and Midwifery, College of Healthcare Sciences, James Cook University, Douglas 4811, Queensland, Australia
| | - Ylona Chun Tie
- Nursing and Midwifery, College of Healthcare Sciences, James Cook University, Douglas 4811, Queensland, Australia
| | - Nadun Rathnayaka
- Academic Department, International Institute of Health Sciences Multiveristy, Welisara 71722, Columbo, Sri Lanka
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Tungsupreechameth A, Tanpowpong P, Puranitee P. Mistreatment in paediatric residency programs in Thailand: a national survey. MEDICAL EDUCATION ONLINE 2023; 28:2220176. [PMID: 37270793 DOI: 10.1080/10872981.2023.2220176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Mistreatment in the learning environment is associated with adverse outcomes for residents. Most studies with that regard have been performed in western countries which may have different socio-cultural background and educational and training systems than the non-Western Asian countries. This study aimed (1) to determine the national prevalence of mistreatment in Thai paediatric residents and a correlation with the risk for burnout and other factors and (2) to launch a mistreatment awareness program (MAP) in our training program. METHODS The study was divided into two phases. Phase 1, an online survey of mistreatment-related questions, was sent to current paediatric residents across the country. Burnout and depression were also self-evaluated by formal screening questions. The results were categorized by the Negative Acts Questionnaire-Revised into five domains of mistreatment: workplace learning-related bullying (WLRB), person-related bullying (PRB), physically intimidating bullying, sexual harassment, and ethnic harassment. Frequent mistreated exposure was defined as if mistreatment occurred >1/week. Phase 2, MAP was conducted by distributing the results of the first phase with some examples of mistreatment events and mistreatment-related videos. After 3 months, at our centre, the survey was resent to evaluate mistreatment. RESULTS The response rate was 27% (n = 140). We found that 91% experienced ≥1 mistreated situation in the prior 6 months. Most mistreatment domains were WLRB and PRB, and residents were commonly instigated by clinical faculty and nurses. Most (84%) mistreated residents did not report the events. An association between frequent mistreated exposure and burnout was also found (P < 0.001). For Phase 2, the mistreated situations especially the WLRB and PRB domains dropped after the launch of MAP. CONCLUSIONS Thai paediatric residents frequently perceive mistreatment in their learning environment. Specific aspects of mistreatment, such as WLRB and PRB, should be carefully explored and managed through particular groups of instigators.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pornthep Tanpowpong
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Pongtong Puranitee
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Xia G, Zhang Y, Dong L, Huang F, Pu Y, Luo J, Chen YP, Lei Z. The mediating role of organizational commitment between workplace bullying and turnover intention among clinical nurses in China: a cross-sectional study. BMC Nurs 2023; 22:360. [PMID: 37803355 PMCID: PMC10559583 DOI: 10.1186/s12912-023-01547-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Workplace bullying experienced by clinical nurses is a critical and pervasive issue that not only detrimentally impacts nurses but also poses a significant threat to the overall quality of nursing services and patient care. This study aimed to determine the mediating role of organizational commitment in the relationship between workplace bullying and turnover intention among clinical nurses in China. METHODS Participants were recruited from 40 hospitals in various provinces of China from December 2, 2021 to February 25, 2023, using convenience sampling. After obtaining hospital ethical approval and participants' informed consent, clinical nurses (n = 585) from different nursing departments in different hospitals completed the questionnaire. The Socio-demographic Questionnaire, Negative Acts Qestionnaire, Chinese Workers' Organizational Commitment Scale and Turnover Intention Questionnaire were used to collect general demographic data of nurses and assess workplace bullying they experienced, their level of organizational commitment and turnover intention. Descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation analyses and structural equation model were adopted to analyze the data. RESULTS Pearson's correlation analysis showed that that workplace bullying was significantly negatively correlated with organizational commitment (r = - 0.512, P<0.01) and significantly positively correlated with turnover intention (r = 0.558, P<0.01), organizational commitment was significantly negatively correlated with turnover intention (r = - 0.539, P<0.01). Mediation analysis indicated organizational commitment partially mediated the association between workplace bullying and turnover intention. The total effect (β = 0.69) of workplace bullying on turnover intention consisted of its direct effect (β = 0.41) and the indirect effect mediated through organizational commitment (β = 0.280), with the mediating effect accounting for 40.58% of the total effect. CONCLUSION Organizational commitment mediated the associations of workplace bullying and turnover intention. Therefore, healthcare organizations and nursing managers should develop appropriate strategies to enhance nurses' organizational commitment in order to reduce their turnover intention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guili Xia
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Oral Health Research & Xiangya Stomatological Hospital & Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Ling Dong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Fengtao Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yao Pu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiang Luo
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Oral Health Research & Xiangya Stomatological Hospital & Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Yi-Ping Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
| | - Zhengxia Lei
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
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Domínguez LC, Torregrosa L, Cuevas L, Peña L, Sánchez S, Pedraza M, Sanabria Á. Workplace bullying and sexual harassment among general surgery residents in Colombia. BIOMEDICA : REVISTA DEL INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE SALUD 2023; 43:252-260. [PMID: 37433160 PMCID: PMC10531255 DOI: 10.7705/biomedica.6915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Workplace bullying and sexual harassment are concerns among general surgery residents in Colombia. OBJETIVE To explore the prevalence and impact of workplace bullying and sexual harassment incidents among general surgery residents in Colombia. MATERIALS AND METHODS This nationwide study was conducted in 2020. Residents selfrated their exposure to workplace bullying and to sexual harassment in the forms of gender harassment, unwanted sexual attention, and sexual coercion. We analyzed demographic variables, perpetrator’s characteristics, and differences between victims and non-victims. RESULTS The study included 302 residents. It found that 49% of general surgery residents in Colombia suffered from workplace bullying and 14.9% experienced sexual harassment. The main forms of sexual harassment were gender harassment (47%) and unwanted sexual attention (47%). Women reported significantly higher rates of being sexually harassed. Surgeons were the main perpetrators of sexual harassment. CONCLUSIONS Workplace bullying and sexual harassment are frequent events in general surgery residency in Colombia. These findings suggest the need for interventions to improve the educational culture of surgical departments and decrease the prevalence of these behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lilian Torregrosa
- Departamento de Cirugía, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, D. C., Colombia.
| | - Liliana Cuevas
- Departamento de Cirugía, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, D. C., Colombia.
| | - Laura Peña
- Departamento de Cirugía, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, D. C., Colombia.
| | - Sebastián Sánchez
- Departamento de Cirugía, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, D. C., Colombia.
| | - Mauricio Pedraza
- Departamento de Cirugía, Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá, D. C., Colombia.
| | - Álvaro Sanabria
- Departamento de Cirugía, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia.
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Naothavorn W, Puranitee P, Kaewpila W, Sumrithe S, Heeneman S, van Mook WNKA, Busari JO. An exploratory university-based cross-sectional study of the prevalence and reporting of mistreatment and student-related factors among Thai medical students. BMC MEDICAL EDUCATION 2023; 23:473. [PMID: 37365553 DOI: 10.1186/s12909-023-04462-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mistreatment is a behavior that reflects disrespect for the dignity of others. Mistreatment can be intentional or unintentional, and can interfere with the process of learning and perceived well-being. This study explored the prevalence and characteristics of mistreatment, mistreatment reporting, student-related factors, and consequences among medical students in Thai context. METHODS We first developed a Thai version of the Clinical Workplace Learning Negative Acts Questionnaire-Revised (NAQ-R) using a forward-back translation process with quality analysis. The design was a cross-sectional survey study, using the Thai Clinical Workplace Learning NAQ-R, Thai Maslach Burnout Inventory-Student Survey, Thai Patient Health Questionnaire (to assess depression risk), demographic information, mistreatment characteristics, mistreatment reports, related factors, and consequences. Descriptive and correlational analyses using multivariate analysis of variance were conducted. RESULTS In total, 681 medical students (52.4% female, 54.6% in the clinical years) completed the surveys (79.1% response rate). The reliability of the Thai Clinical Workplace Learning NAQ-R was high (Cronbach's alpha 0.922), with a high degree of agreement (83.9%). Most participants (n = 510, 74.5%) reported that they had experienced mistreatment. The most common type of mistreatment was workplace learning-related bullying (67.7%), and the most common source was attending staff or teachers (31.6%). People who mistreated preclinical medical students were most often senior students or peers (25.9%). People who mistreated clinical students were most commonly attending staff (57.5%). Only 56 students (8.2%) reported these instances of mistreatment to others. Students' academic year was significantly related to workplace learning-related bullying (r = 0.261, p < 0.001). Depression and burnout risk were significantly associated with person-related bullying (depression: r = 0.20, p < 0.001, burnout: r = 0.20, p = 0.012). Students who experienced person-related bullying were more often the subject of filed unprofessional behavior reports, concerning conflict or arguments with colleagues, being absent from class or work without reasonable cause, and mistreatment of others. CONCLUSIONS Mistreatment of medical students was evident in medical school and was related to the risk for depression and burnout, as well as the risk of unprofessional behavior. TRIAL REGISTRATION TCTR20230107006(07/01/2023).
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Affiliation(s)
- Waravudh Naothavorn
- Chakri Naruebodindra Medical Institute, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Samut Prakan, Thailand
| | - Pongtong Puranitee
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
| | - Winitra Kaewpila
- Chakri Naruebodindra Medical Institute, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Samut Prakan, Thailand
| | - Sutida Sumrithe
- Chakri Naruebodindra Medical Institute, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Samut Prakan, Thailand
| | - Sylvia Heeneman
- Department of Pathology, School of Health Professions Education, Faculty of Health, Medicine & Life Sciences (FHML), Maastricht University (UM), Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Walther N K A van Mook
- Department of Intensive Care, and Academy for Postgraduate Medical Training, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, and School of Health Professions Education, Faculty of Health, Medicine & Life Sciences (FHML), Maastricht University (UM), Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Jamiu O Busari
- Department of Educational Development & Research, Faculty of Health, Medicine & Life Sciences (FHML), Maastricht University (UM), Maastricht, The Netherlands and Department of Pediatrics and HOH Academy, Horacio Oduber Hospital, Oranjestad, Aruba
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DiFiori MM, Gupta SS, Cannada LK, Pei KY, Stamm MA, Mulcahey MK. Bullying in Orthopaedic Surgery: A Survey of US Orthopaedic Trainees and Attending Surgeons. J Am Acad Orthop Surg Glob Res Rev 2023; 7:01979360-202305000-00006. [PMID: 37141506 PMCID: PMC10155897 DOI: 10.5435/jaaosglobal-d-23-00007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Bullying is a notable problem in surgery, creating a hostile environment for surgeons and trainees, and may negatively affect patient care. However, specific details regarding bullying in orthopaedic surgery are lacking. The primary aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and nature of bullying within orthopaedic surgery in the United States. METHODS A deidentified survey was developed using the survey created by the Royal College of Australasian Surgeons and the validated Negative Acts Questionnaire-Revised survey tool. This survey was distributed to orthopaedic trainees and attending surgeons in April 2021. RESULTS Of the 105 survey respondents, 60 (60.6%) were trainees and 39 (39.4%) were attending surgeons. Although 21 respondents (24.7%) stated they had been bullied, 16 victims (28.1%) did not seek to address this behavior. Perpetrators of bullying were most commonly male (49/71, 67.2%) and the victims' superior (36/82, 43.9%). Five bullying victims (8.8%) reported the behavior, despite 46 respondents (92.0%) stating that their institution has a specific policy against bullying. CONCLUSION Bullying behavior occurs in orthopaedic surgery, with perpetrators being most commonly male and the victims' superiors. Despite the fact that an overwhelming majority of institutions have policies against bullying, the reporting of such behavior is lacking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica M DiFiori
- From the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Sports Medicine, Temple University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA, (Dr. DiFiori); Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA (Ms. Gupta); Department of Orthopaedics, University of North Carolina and Novant Health Orthopaedic Fracture Clinic, Hughston Clinic, Jacksonville, FL (Dr. Cannada); Graduate Medical Education, Parkview Health, Fort Wayne, Indiana (Dr. Pei); Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA (Dr. Stamm and Dr. Mulcahey)
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Rashid S, Ullah A, Satti DI, Malik J, Iqbal H, Mehmoodi A, Ashraf W. Bullying in Cardiology: Pakistan's Perspective. Curr Probl Cardiol 2023; 48:101691. [PMID: 36921651 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2023.101691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This survey aimed to investigate the extent of bullying among junior physicians in cardiology departments, by way of an anonymous web-based questionnaire in Pakistan METHODS: A survey of Pakistan cardiology trainees was piloted as a cross-sectional qualitative survey of junior cardiologists (including resident physicians and senior registrars) from teaching institutes all over Pakistan. Negative Acts Questionnaire-Revised (NAQ-R) was used as the tool for monitoring and reporting bullying nationwide. RESULTS Of 1,852 trainees, bullying was reported by 10.2% of males and 13.4% of females. Women had higher odds of reporting being bullied (OR (95%CI): 1.42 (1.07 - 2.36); P-value = 0.018), and the religious minority group (Hindu) reported more bullying (OR (95%CI): 3.27 (2.16 - 4.73); P-value < 0.001). Women were more likely than men to report sexist language (24.1% vs. 7.5%; P-value < 0.001) while men reported more racist language (4.2% vs. 16.5%; P-value < 0.001). Consultants in cardiology (75.4%) and other specialties (68.3%) commonly perpetrated bullying on cardiology trainees. CONCLUSION Bullying in cardiology is a common finding and proportionally affects both males and females, religious minorities, and trainees working in tertiary care hospitals. In addition, females are reporting more sexist language being used by consultants as the majority.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarim Rashid
- Department of General Surgery, Eash Lancashire NHS Hospital, Burnley, UK
| | - Asif Ullah
- Department of Cardiology, Kkhyber Medical University Institute of Medical Sciences, Kohat, Pakistan
| | - Danish Iltaf Satti
- Department of Medicine, Shifa Tameer e Millat University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Jahanzeb Malik
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cardiovascular Analytics Group, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Hamid Iqbal
- Department of Cardiology, Federal Government Poly Clinic, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Amin Mehmoodi
- Department of Medicine, Ibn e Seena Hospital, Kabul, Afghanistan
| | - Waheed Ashraf
- Department of Cardiology, Abbas Institute of Medical Sciences
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Garnett PB, Douglas SG, Riley RH, Roberts LJ. The Bullying in Anaesthesia Registrars Survey (BARS): Does a validated questionnaire improve our understanding of bullying in Australian and New Zealand anaesthesia trainees? Anaesth Intensive Care 2023; 51:199-206. [PMID: 36855897 DOI: 10.1177/0310057x221138584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have established that bullying is a pervasive problem in healthcare. However, most investigations of bullying in anaesthesia use self-labelled survey questions in which respondents' subjective perceptions of bullying are central in defining prevalence. This study applied the validated revised Negative Acts Questionnaire (NAQ-r) for a more objective assessment of bullying prevalence and types of negative behaviours experienced by anaesthesia trainees in Australia and New Zealand.An online questionnaire was distributed by the Australian and New Zealand College of Anaesthetists (ANZCA) Clinical Trials Network to 990 randomly selected ANZCA trainees. Bullying prevalence was assessed using both a self-labelled survey tool and the NAQ-r, which requires respondents to select from a list of negative acts, with validated cut-offs that define bullying. Sources of bullying, impact on recipients and barriers to reporting were also examined. This design allowed comparison of the two methods for evaluating bullying prevalence.Twenty-six percent of trainees surveyed completed both bullying survey instruments. Thirty percent of these respondents self-labelled as having experienced bullying in the previous six months, with 8% reporting bullying at least monthly. With the NAQ-r, most respondents (96%) reported experiencing at least one negative act in the prior six months, with 54% reporting these on a monthly basis. The most frequent behaviours described were humiliation and intimidation. Using NAQ-r cut-offs, 36% of respondents experienced occasional bullying and 10% were victims of severe workplace bullying.The NAQ-r provides a more nuanced and objective insight into bullying faced by ANZCA trainees than do self-labelled surveys. The results of the present study provide a valuable baseline for ongoing assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Bj Garnett
- Department of Anaesthesia and Pain Medicine, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, Australia
| | - Scott G Douglas
- Department of Anaesthesia and Pain Medicine, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, Australia
| | - Richard H Riley
- Department of Anaesthesia and Pain Medicine, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, Australia.,School of Medicine, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Australia
| | - Lindy J Roberts
- Departments of Anaesthesia and Pain Management, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, Australia.,Australian and New Zealand College of Anaesthetists, Melbourne, Australia
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Sellberg M, Palmgren PJ, Möller R. -A cross-sectional study of clinical learning environments across four undergraduate programs using the undergraduate clinical education environment measure. BMC MEDICAL EDUCATION 2021; 21:258. [PMID: 33952210 PMCID: PMC8097825 DOI: 10.1186/s12909-021-02687-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The clinical learning environment (CLE) influences students' achievement of learning outcomes and the development of their professional behaviors. However, CLEs are not always optimal for learning because of clinical productivity expectations and a lack of support from supervisors. The purpose of this study was to describe and compare students' perceptions of their CLEs across four undergraduate programs. METHODS This study is cross-sectional. In total, 735 students who were registered in the medical, nursing, physiotherapy, and speech-language pathology (SLP) programs were invited to participate. Data were collected using an online survey, which included demographics and the Undergraduate Clinical Education Environment Measure (UCEEM). The UCEEM consists of 26 items congregated into two overarching dimensions-experiential learning and social participation-with four subscales: opportunities to learn in and through work and quality of supervision, preparedness for student entry, workplace interaction patterns and student inclusion, and equal treatment. RESULTS In total 280 students (median age 28; range: 20-52; 72% females) returned the questionnaire. The mean total UCEEM score was 98.3 (SD 18.4; range: 91-130), with physiotherapy students giving the highest scores and medical students the lowest. The mean scores for the dimensions experiential learning and social participation for all the students were 62.8 (SD 13.6; range 59-85) and 35.5 (SD 6.2; range 13-45), respectively. Medical students rated the lowest for all subscales. The items receiving the highest ratings concerned equal treatment, whereas those receiving the lowest ratings concerned supervisors' familiarity with the learning objectives. There were few statistically significant differences between the semesters within each program. CONCLUSIONS The students generally hold positive perceptions toward their CLEs. However, the students from the medical and nursing programs rated their learning environment lower than did the students from the physiotherapy and SLP programs. Importantly, in several aspects, the medical students provided significantly lower ratings for their CLE compared with the students from the other programs. The medical students' low ratings for their supervisors' familiarity with the learning objectives underscore the need to ensure that the prerequisites for optimal supervision are met.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malin Sellberg
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Functional Area Occupational Therapy and Physiotherapy, Allied Health Professionals Function, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Per J. Palmgren
- Department of Learning Informatics, Management and Ethics, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Riitta Möller
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
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