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Study and Experimental Validation of the Functional Components and Mechanisms of Hemerocallis citrina Baroni in the Treatment of Lactation Deficiency. Foods 2021; 10:foods10081863. [PMID: 34441640 PMCID: PMC8391212 DOI: 10.3390/foods10081863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The function of Hemerocallis citrina Baroni (daylily) on promoting lactation is reported in several ancient Chinese medicine books. However, nowadays, there is no conclusive data to support this statement. In this study, we investigated the effect of Hemerocallis citrina Baroni extract (HCE) on lactation insufficiency in chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) dams and further explored the mechanism and functional components through network pharmacology. The results showed that HCE could increase the offspring’s weight, serum prolactin (PRL), and oxytocin (OT) level of CUMS dams. Network pharmacology analysis revealed that the facilitation of HCE on lactation is the result of the comprehensive action of 62 components on 209 targets and 260 pathways, among this network, quercetin, kaempferol, thymidine, etc., were the vital material basis, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), mitogen activity protein kinase 1 (MAPK1), tumor protein P53 (TP53), etc., were the core targets, and the prolactin signaling pathway was the core pathway. In addition, verification test results showed that HCE regulated the abnormal expression of the prolactin signaling pathway, including STAT3, cyclin D1 (CCND1), MAPK1, MAPK8, nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunit (NFKB1), and tyrosine-protein kinase (JAK2). In conclusion, HCE exhibited a facilitation of lactation insufficiency, in which quercetin, kaempferol, thymidine, etc., were the most important material basis. The mechanism of this promotional effect is mediated by the prolactin signaling pathway in mammary gland.
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García-Mateos D, García-Villalba R, Marañón JA, Espín JC, Merino G, Álvarez AI. The Breast Cancer Resistance Protein (BCRP/ABCG2) influences the levels of enterolignans and their metabolites in plasma, milk and mammary gland. J Funct Foods 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2017.06.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
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Sardi C, Luchini P, Emanuelli A, Giannoni A, Martini E, Manara LM, Sfondrini L, Kallikourdis M, Sommariva M, Rumio C. Three months of Western diet induces small intestinal mucosa alteration in TLR KO mice. Microsc Res Tech 2017; 80:563-569. [PMID: 28094890 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.22831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Revised: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Several studies support the role of Western-style diet (WD) in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Toll-like receptors/NOD-like receptors (TLRs/NLRs) are important to maintain a healthy epithelium as well as inducing inflammation. Given that dietary factors influence IBD development, that epithelial dysfunction is thought to be involved in initiating intestinal inflammation and that TLR-NLR are involved in maintenance of the functionality of intestinal epithelium as well as in regulating inflammation, we decided to examine the role of TLR signals in the triggering events that lead to alteration of the small intestinal epithelium associated to consumption of WD. C57BL/6J mice deficient for TLR2, 4, 9, or NOD2 and wild-type (WT) were fed a WD or a standard diet for 3 months. The effects of WD on small intestinal samples were evaluated by histological and immunohistochemical analysis. After 3 months, WD modifies the morphology and the organization of the small intestine in TLR9 KO mice compared with WT mice and the others TLRs. The most interesting change involved the expression of proliferative and differentiation markers of WNT signaling, Ki67 and FzD5. Mice deficient in TLR2, 4, and NOD2 have a significant reduction in the proliferative cell numbers but do not show any signs of histological alterations. Our results suggest that TLR9 is an important protective factor in intestinal epithelial homeostasis and provide new insights into an unrecognized role of TLR9 signaling in the small intestinal mucosa dysfunction associated with WD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Sardi
- Department of Pharmacology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Via Trentacoste 2, Milan, 20133, Italy
| | - Patrizia Luchini
- Adaptive Immunity Lab, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Via Manzoni 56, Rozzano, 20089, Italy
| | - Andrea Emanuelli
- Department of Pharmacology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Via Trentacoste 2, Milan, 20133, Italy
| | - Amedeo Giannoni
- Department of Pharmacology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Via Trentacoste 2, Milan, 20133, Italy
| | - Elisa Martini
- Adaptive Immunity Lab, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Via Manzoni 56, Rozzano, 20089, Italy
| | - Lucia M Manara
- Department of Pharmacology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Via Trentacoste 2, Milan, 20133, Italy
| | - Lucia Sfondrini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche per la Salute, University of Milan, via Mangiagalli 31, Milan, 20133, Italy
| | - Marinos Kallikourdis
- Adaptive Immunity Lab, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Via Manzoni 56, Rozzano, 20089, Italy.,Humanitas University, Via Manzoni 113, Rozzano, 20089, Italy
| | - Michele Sommariva
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche per la Salute, University of Milan, via Mangiagalli 31, Milan, 20133, Italy.,Molecular Targets Unit, Fondazione IRCCS - Istituto nazionale dei Tumori, via Venezian 1, Milan, 20133, Italy
| | - Cristiano Rumio
- Department of Pharmacology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Via Trentacoste 2, Milan, 20133, Italy
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