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Jiang S, Li Q, Xu B, Zou T, Zhang Y, Ping W, Ma Q. Synthesis and Application of a Novel Multi-Branched Block Polyether Low-Temperature Demulsifier. Molecules 2023; 28:8109. [PMID: 38138594 PMCID: PMC10745829 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28248109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
In this paper, a low-temperature thick oil demulsifier with high polarity was prepared by introducing ethylene oxide, propylene oxide block, and butylene oxide using m-diphenol as a starting agent. The main reasons for the difficulty involved in the low-temperature emulsification of extractive fluids were explained by analyzing the synthetic influencing factors and infrared spectra of the star comb polymer (PR-D2) and by analyzing the four fractions, interfacial energies, and zeta potentials of crude oils from the Chun and Gao fields. The effects of PR-D2 surfactant on the emulsification performance of crude oil recovery fluids were investigated via indoor and field experiments. The experimental results indicate that the optimal synthesis conditions for this emulsion breaker are as follows: a quality ratio of ionic reaction intermediates and meso-diphenol of R = 10:1; 1 g of the initiator; a polymerization temperature of 80 °C; and a reaction time of 8 h. Colloidal asphaltenes in the crude oil were the main factor hindering the low-temperature demulsification of the Gao oilfield's extractive fluids, and the reason for the demulsification difficulty of the extractive fluids in the Chun oilfield is that the temperature of demulsification is lower than the wax precipitation point. The demulsification rate of the Chun oilfield's extractive fluids reached more than 98% when the PR-D2 concentration reached 150 mg/L at 43 °C. The demulsification rate of the Gao oilfield's extractive fluids reached more than 98% at a PR-D2 concentration of 150 mg/L at 65 °C. The field experiments show that the Chun oilfield's extractive fluids can still demulsify after the temperature is reduced to 43 °C in winter. The emulsification temperature of the Gao oilfield's extractive fluids was reduced from 73 °C to 68 °C, with an excellent demulsification effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaohui Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum East China, Qingdao 266580, China;
| | - Qingsong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum East China, Qingdao 266580, China;
| | - Botao Xu
- China Oilfield Services Limited, Tianjin 300450, China;
| | - Tao Zou
- Huabei Oilfield Company, China National Petroleum Corporation, Renqiu 062552, China;
| | - Yan Zhang
- Drilling & Production Engineering Technology Research Institute, CNPC Chuanqing Drilling Engineering Company Limited, Xi’an 710018, China;
| | - Wei Ping
- Fujian Provincial Company of National Petroleum and Natural Gas Pipeline Network Group, Fuzhou 350000, China;
| | - Qiang Ma
- CNPC Chuanqing Drilling Engineering Company Limited, Chengdu 610051, China;
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2
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Jiang S, Li Q, Ma Q, Xu B, Zou T. Efficient Demulsification Performance of Emulsified Condensate Oil by Hyperbranched Low-Temperature Demulsifiers. Molecules 2023; 28:7524. [PMID: 38005246 PMCID: PMC10673259 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28227524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Focusing on the problem of poor demulsification performance of light crude oil emulsions in low-permeability oilfields at low temperatures, the composition of the emulsion samples, clay particle size distribution, and the viscosity-temperature relationship curve of samples were analyzed. Based on the results of emulsion composition analysis and characteristics, the bottle test method was used to analyze the demulsifying effect of different commercial types of demulsifiers, revealing the demulsification mechanism. The field tests confirm the demulsification capabilities of Polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene quaternized polyoxyolefins surfactants (PR demulsifiers). The results reveal that PR demulsifiers combine the features of decreasing the interfacial tension between oil and water and adsorbing SiO2, allowing for quick demulsification and flocculation at low temperatures. This research serves as a theoretical and practical foundation for the study and advancement of low-temperature demulsification technology in oilfields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaohui Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum East China, Qingdao 266580, China;
- Petroleum Engineering Technology Research Institute, Shengli Oil Field Branch, Sinopec, Dongying 257000, China
| | - Qingsong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum East China, Qingdao 266580, China;
| | - Qiang Ma
- CNPC Chuanqing Drilling Engineering Company Limited, Chengdu 610051, China;
| | - Botao Xu
- China Oilfield Services Limited, Tianjin 300450, China;
| | - Tao Zou
- Huabei Oilfield Company, China National Petroleum Corporation, Renqiu 062552, China;
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Qu Q, Li H, Li S, Hu Z, Zhu M, Chen J, Sun X, Tang Y, Zhang Z, Mi Y, Yu W. Synthesis and demulsification mechanism of an ionic liquid with four hydrophobic branches and four ionic centers. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 340:139802. [PMID: 37598952 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Stable emulsions can have numerous negative impacts on both the oil industry and the environment. This study focuses on the synthesis of two ionic liquids (via. PPBD and PPBH) with four hydrophobic branches and four ionic centers that can effectively treat oil-water emulsions at a low temperature of 40 °C. Their chemical structure was explored using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and nuclear magnetic resonance hydrogen spectra (1H NMR). The effect of temperature, PPBD and PPBH concentration, oil-water ratio, salinity and pH value on the demulsification efficiency (DE) of W/O emulsion was studied detailly and several commercial demulsifiers were also used for comparison. Results revealed that by adding 250 mg/L of PPBH in an E30 emulsion and leaving it for 120 min at 40 °C, the DE could reach 96.34%. Meanwhile, in an E30 emulsion (oil-water mass ratio of 3:7) with 250 mg/L of PPBD, the DE of 95.23% could be obtained at 40 °C for 360 min. Especially, the DE of PPBH could reach 100% in an E70 emulsion (oil-water mass ratio of 7:3) at the same conditions. Additionally, the demulsifier (PPBH) exhibited excellent salt resistance and outperformed some commonly used commercial demulsifiers. Several methods were utilized to investigate the potential demulsification mechanism, including measuring interfacial tension (IFT), three-phase contact angle (CA), droplet contact time, zeta potential, and observing samples under optical microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Qu
- School of Chemistry & Environmental Engineering, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434023, PR China
| | - Huan Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Exploration and Development of Low-Permeability Oil & Gas Fields, Research Institute of Exploration and Development of PetroChina Changqing Oil Field Company, Xi'an, 710001, PR China
| | - Shuman Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Exploration and Development of Low-Permeability Oil & Gas Fields, Research Institute of Exploration and Development of PetroChina Changqing Oil Field Company, Xi'an, 710001, PR China
| | - Zhijie Hu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Exploration and Development of Low-Permeability Oil & Gas Fields, Research Institute of Exploration and Development of PetroChina Changqing Oil Field Company, Xi'an, 710001, PR China
| | - Mingzhao Zhu
- The 3rd Oil Production Plant, PetroChina Changqing Oilfield Company, Yan'an, 717500, PR China
| | - Junhong Chen
- The 3rd Oil Production Plant, PetroChina Changqing Oilfield Company, Yan'an, 717500, PR China
| | - Xuebiao Sun
- The 3rd Oil Production Plant, PetroChina Changqing Oilfield Company, Yan'an, 717500, PR China
| | - Yuqi Tang
- School of Chemistry & Environmental Engineering, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434023, PR China
| | - Zejun Zhang
- School of Chemistry & Environmental Engineering, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434023, PR China
| | - Yuanzhu Mi
- School of Chemistry & Environmental Engineering, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434023, PR China.
| | - Weichu Yu
- School of Chemistry & Environmental Engineering, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434023, PR China.
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Abd Khalil AT, Shah Buddin MMH, Puasa SW, Ahmad AL. Reuse of waste cooking oil (WCO) as diluent in green emulsion liquid membrane (GELM) for zinc extraction. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:45244-45258. [PMID: 36705837 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-25208-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Zinc (Zn) was identified as one of the most toxic heavy metals and often found contaminating the water sources as a result of inefficient treatment of industrial effluent. A green emulsion liquid membrane (GELM) was proposed in this study as a method to minimize the concentration of Zn ions in an aqueous solution. Instead of the common petroleum-based diluent, the emulsion is reformulated with untreated waste cooking oil (WCO) collected from the food industry as a sustainable and cheaper diluent. It also includes Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate (D2EHPA) as a carrier, Span 80 as a surfactant, sulfuric acid (H2SO4) as an internal phase, and ZnSO4 solution as an external phase. Such formulation requires a thorough understanding of the oil characteristics as well as the interaction of the components in the membrane phase. The compatibility of WCO and D2EHPA, as well as the external phase pH, was confirmed via a liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) method. To obtain the best operating conditions for Zn extraction using GELM, the extraction time and speed, carrier, surfactant and internal phase concentrations, and W/O ratio were varied. 95.17% of Zn ions were removed under the following conditions; 0.001 M of H2SO4 in external phase, 700 rpm extraction speed for 10 min, 8 wt% of carrier and 4 wt% of surfactant concentrations, 1:4 of W/O ratio, and 1 M of internal phase concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afiqah Tasneem Abd Khalil
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | - Siti Wahidah Puasa
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Abdul Latif Ahmad
- School of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia Engineering Campus, 14300, Nibong Tebal, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
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Yan N, Yuan KY, Mei P, Lai L. Dynamic interfacial activity and dilational viscoelasticity of polyether demulsifiers at the oil/water interface. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.119875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Perrin L, Desobry-Banon S, Gillet G, Desobry S. Review of High-Frequency Ultrasounds Emulsification Methods and Oil/Water Interfacial Organization in Absence of any Kind of Stabilizer. Foods 2022; 11:foods11152194. [PMID: 35892779 PMCID: PMC9331899 DOI: 10.3390/foods11152194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Emulsions are multiphasic systems composed of at least two immiscible phases. Emulsion formulation can be made by numerous processes such as low-frequency ultrasounds, high-pressure homogenization, microfluidization, as well as membrane emulsification. These processes often need emulsifiers’ presence to help formulate emulsions and to stabilize them over time. However, certain emulsifiers, especially chemical stabilizers, are less and less desired in products because of their negative environment and health impacts. Thus, to avoid them, promising processes using high-frequency ultrasounds were developed to formulate and stabilize emulsifier-free emulsions. High-frequency ultrasounds are ultrasounds having frequency greater than 100 kHz. Until now, emulsifier-free emulsions’ stability is not fully understood. Some authors suppose that stability is obtained through hydroxide ions’ organization at the hydrophobic/water interfaces, which have been mainly demonstrated by macroscopic studies. Whereas other authors, using microscopic studies, or simulation studies, suppose that the hydrophobic/water interfaces would be rather stabilized thanks to hydronium ions. These theories are discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Perrin
- Laboratoire d’Ingénierie des Biomolécules (LIBio), Université de Lorraine, 2 Avenue de la Forêt de Haye, CEDEX, BP 20163, 54505 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France; (S.D.-B.); (S.D.)
- SAS GENIALIS, Route d’Achères, 18250 Henrichemont, France;
- Correspondence:
| | - Sylvie Desobry-Banon
- Laboratoire d’Ingénierie des Biomolécules (LIBio), Université de Lorraine, 2 Avenue de la Forêt de Haye, CEDEX, BP 20163, 54505 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France; (S.D.-B.); (S.D.)
| | | | - Stephane Desobry
- Laboratoire d’Ingénierie des Biomolécules (LIBio), Université de Lorraine, 2 Avenue de la Forêt de Haye, CEDEX, BP 20163, 54505 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France; (S.D.-B.); (S.D.)
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Wang S, Li X, Li M, Li X, Zhang Q, Li H. Emulsification/demulsification method coupled to GC–MS/MS for analysis of multiclass pesticide residues in edible oils. Food Chem 2022; 379:132098. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.132098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Wang R, Zhu X, Zhu L, Li H, Xue J, Yu S, Liu X, Gan S, Xue Q. Multifunctional superwetting positively charged foams for continuous oil/water emulsion separation and removal of hazardous pollutants from water. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.120683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Díaz Velázquez H, Guzmán-Lucero D, Martínez-Palou R. Microwave-assisted demulsification for oilfield applications: a critical review. J DISPER SCI TECHNOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/01932691.2022.2049293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Heriberto Díaz Velázquez
- Dirección de Investigación en Transformación de Hidrocarburos. Instituto Mexicano del Petróleo, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Diego Guzmán-Lucero
- Dirección de Investigación en Transformación de Hidrocarburos. Instituto Mexicano del Petróleo, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Rafael Martínez-Palou
- Dirección de Investigación en Transformación de Hidrocarburos. Instituto Mexicano del Petróleo, Mexico City, Mexico
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Khan HW, Reddy AVB, Bustam MA, Goto M, Moniruzzaman M. Development and optimization of ionic liquid-based emulsion liquid membrane process for efficient recovery of lactic acid from aqueous streams. Biochem Eng J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2021.108216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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11
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Wei L, Zhang L, Chao M, Jia X, Liu C, Shi L. Synthesis and Study of a New Type of Nonanionic Demulsifier for Chemical Flooding Emulsion Demulsification. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:17709-17719. [PMID: 34278156 PMCID: PMC8280667 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c02352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The application of chemical flooding improves the stability of the produced emulsion, which reduces the demulsification efficiency of conventional demulsifiers. To improve the demulsification effect, in this paper, a new multibranched nonanionic polyether demulsifier, FYJP, was prepared by grafting carboxylate based on a nonionic demulsifier. The FYJP demulsifier could generate an initiator through p-tert-butylphenol, triethylenetetramine, and methanol, which was polymerized with ethylene oxide (EO) and propylene oxide (PO) to produce a nonionic polyether demulsifier. Sodium chloroacetate was used to modify the polyether demulsifier to obtain a new type of nonanionic polyether demulsifier. The FYJP polyether demulsifier was characterized by the hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB) value, relative solubility (RSN), and surface activity of the demulsifier, and the demulsification mechanism was analyzed by a microscopic demulsification process test, and the effect of demulsifier dosage on the demulsification effect was discussed. Meanwhile, a dehydration test was carried out. The experimental results showed that the highest dehydration rate of the demulsifier was 94.7% at 85 °C, 100 ppm demulsifier dosage, 50 mL of a W/O emulsion, and 120 min demulsification time. The abovementioned studies show that FYJP is an effective demulsifier for chemical flooding emulsions, and this work promises to provide a reference for future demulsifier research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixin Wei
- School
of Petroleum Engineering, Northeast Petroleum
University, Daqing 163318, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- School
of Petroleum Engineering, Northeast Petroleum
University, Daqing 163318, China
| | - Meng Chao
- Gas
Production Branch of Daqing Oilfield Co Ltd., Daqing 163453, China
| | - Xinlei Jia
- College
of Chemical Engineering ashaind Safety, Binzhou University, Binzhou 256600, China
| | - Chao Liu
- School
of Petroleum Engineering, Northeast Petroleum
University, Daqing 163318, China
| | - Lijun Shi
- School
of Petroleum Engineering, Northeast Petroleum
University, Daqing 163318, China
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