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Duan S, Wu X, Shi J, Li W, Dong Q, Xin SX. Study of the radiofrequency-induced heating inside the human head with dental implants at 7 T. Bioelectromagnetics 2024; 45:82-93. [PMID: 37860924 DOI: 10.1002/bem.22490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Conductive dental implants are commonly used in restorative therapy to replace missing teeth in patients. Ensuring the radiofrequency (RF) safety of these patients is crucial when performing 7 T magnetic resonance scans of their heads. This study aimed to investigate RF-induced heating inside the human head with dental implants at 7 T. Dental implants and their attachments were fabricated and integrated into an anatomical head model, creating different measurement configurations (MCs). Numerical simulations were conducted using a 7 T transmit coil loaded with the anatomical head model, both with and without dental implants. The maximum temperatures inside the head for various MCs were computed using the maximum permissible input powers (MPIPs) obtained without dental implants and compared with published limits. Additionally, the MPIPs with dental implants were calculated for scenarios where the temperature limits were exceeded. The maximum temperatures observed inside the head ranged from 38.4°C to 39.6°C. The MPIPs in the presence of dental implants were 81.9%-97.3% of the MPIPs in the absence of dental implants for scenarios that exceeded the regulatory limit. RF-induced heating effect of the dental implants was not significant. The safe scanning condition in terms of RF exposure was achievable for patients with dental implants. For patients with conductive dental implants of unknown configuration, it is recommended to reduce the input power by 18.1% of MPIP without dental implants to ensure RF safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Duan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiuxiu Wu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Juntian Shi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wenhui Li
- Department of Dentistry, Air Force Hospital of Southern Theater Command of PLA, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qingshan Dong
- Department of Stomatology, General Hospital of Central Theater Command of PLA, WuHan, China
| | - Sherman Xuegang Xin
- Biophysics and Medical Imaging Lab, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Fernández-Gómez P, Pérez de la Lastra Aranda C, Tosat-Bitrián C, Bueso de Barrio JA, Thompson S, Sot B, Salas G, Somoza Á, Espinosa A, Castellanos M, Palomo V. Nanomedical research and development in Spain: improving the treatment of diseases from the nanoscale. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1191327. [PMID: 37545884 PMCID: PMC10401050 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1191327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The new and unique possibilities that nanomaterials offer have greatly impacted biomedicine, from the treatment and diagnosis of diseases, to the specific and optimized delivery of therapeutic agents. Technological advances in the synthesis, characterization, standardization, and therapeutic performance of nanoparticles have enabled the approval of several nanomedicines and novel applications. Discoveries continue to rise exponentially in all disease areas, from cancer to neurodegenerative diseases. In Spain, there is a substantial net of researchers involved in the development of nanodiagnostics and nanomedicines. In this review, we summarize the state of the art of nanotechnology, focusing on nanoparticles, for the treatment of diseases in Spain (2017-2022), and give a perspective on the future trends and direction that nanomedicine research is taking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Fernández-Gómez
- Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados en Nanociencia (IMDEA Nanociencia), Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Pérez de la Lastra Aranda
- Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados en Nanociencia (IMDEA Nanociencia), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas-CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlota Tosat-Bitrián
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas-CSIC, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Sebastián Thompson
- Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados en Nanociencia (IMDEA Nanociencia), Madrid, Spain
| | - Begoña Sot
- Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados en Nanociencia (IMDEA Nanociencia), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Unidad de Innovación Biomédica, Madrid, Spain
- Advanced Therapies Unit, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz (IIS-FJ UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Gorka Salas
- Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados en Nanociencia (IMDEA Nanociencia), Madrid, Spain
- Unidad Asociada al Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Álvaro Somoza
- Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados en Nanociencia (IMDEA Nanociencia), Madrid, Spain
- Unidad Asociada al Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Espinosa
- Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados en Nanociencia (IMDEA Nanociencia), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid, ICMM-CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Milagros Castellanos
- Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados en Nanociencia (IMDEA Nanociencia), Madrid, Spain
| | - Valle Palomo
- Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados en Nanociencia (IMDEA Nanociencia), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Unidad Asociada al Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
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Castro-Torres JL, Méndez J, Torres-Lugo M, Juan E. Development of handheld induction heaters for magnetic fluid hyperthermia applications and in-vitroevaluation on ovarian and prostate cancer cell lines. Biomed Phys Eng Express 2023; 9:035010. [PMID: 36827691 PMCID: PMC9999354 DOI: 10.1088/2057-1976/acbeaf] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Abstract
Objective:Magnetic fluid hyperthermia (MFH) is a still experimental technique found to have a potential application in the treatment of cancer. The method aims to reach around 41 °C-47 °C in the tumor site by exciting magnetic nanoparticles with an externally applied alternating magnetic field (AMF), where cell death is expected to occur. Applying AMFs with high spatial resolution is still a challenge. The AMFs from current and prospective MFH applicators cover relatively large areas; being not suitable for patients having metallic implants near the treatment area. Thus, there will be a clinical need for smaller magnetic field applicators. To this end, a laparoscopic induction heater (LIH) and a transrectal induction heater (TRIH) were developed.Methods:Miniature 'pancake' coils were wound and inserted into 3D printed enclosures. Ovarian (SKOV-3, A2780) and prostate (PC-3, LNCaP) cancer cell lines were used to evaluate the instruments' capabilities in killing cancer cellsin vitro, using Synomag®-D nanoparticles as the heat mediators. NIH3T3 normal cell lines were also used with both devices to observe if these cells tolerated the conditions applied.Results:Magnetic field intensities reached by the LIH and TRIH were 42.6 kA m-1at 326 kHz and 26.3 kA m-1at 303 kHz, respectively. Temperatures reached in the samples were 41 °C by the LIH and 43 °C by the TRIH. Both instruments successfully accomplished killing cancer cells, with minimal effects on normal cells.Conclusion:This work presents the first line of handheld medical induction heaters and have the potential to be a complement to existing cancer therapies.Significance:These instruments could enable the development of MFH modalities that will facilitate the clinical translation of this thermal treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Janet Méndez
- Chemical Engineering Department, University of Puerto Rico, Mayagüez, Puerto Rico
| | - Madeline Torres-Lugo
- Chemical Engineering Department, University of Puerto Rico, Mayagüez, Puerto Rico
| | - Eduardo Juan
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of Puerto Rico, Mayagüez, Puerto Rico
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Bottauscio O, Arduino A, Chiampi M, Zilberti L. Simplified modeling of implanted medical devices with metallic filamentary closed loops exposed to low or medium frequency magnetic fields. COMPUTER METHODS AND PROGRAMS IN BIOMEDICINE 2023; 229:107316. [PMID: 36566651 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmpb.2022.107316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Electric currents are induced in implanted medical devices with metallic filamentary closed loops (e.g., fixation grids, stents) when exposed to time varying magnetic fields, as those generated during certain diagnostic and therapeutic biomedical treatments. A simplified methodology to efficiently compute these currents, to estimate the altered electromagnetic field distribution in the biological tissues and to assess the consequent biological effects is proposed for low or medium frequency fields. METHODS The proposed methodology is based on decoupling the handling of the filamentary wire and the anatomical body. To do this, a circuital solution is adopted to study the metallic filamentary implant and this solution is inserted in the electromagnetic field solution involving the biological tissues. The Joule losses computed in the implant are then used as a forcing term for the thermal problem defined by the bioheat Pennes' equation. The methodology is validated against a model problem, where a reference solution is available. RESULTS The proposed simplified methodology is proved to be in good agreement with solutions provided by alternative approaches. In particular, errors in the amplitude of the currents induced in the wires result to be always lower than 3%. After the validation, the methodology is applied to check the interactions between the magnetic field generated by different biomedical devices and a skull grid, which represents a complex filamentary wire implant. CONCLUSIONS The proposed simplified methodology, suitable to be applied to closed loop wires in the low to intermediate frequency range, is found to be sufficiently accurate and easy to apply in realistic exposure scenarios. This modeling tool allows analyzing different types of small implants, from coronary and biliary duct stents to orthopedic grids, under a variety of exposure scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oriano Bottauscio
- Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica (INRiM), Strada Delle Cacce 91, 10135 Torino, Italy.
| | - Alessandro Arduino
- Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica (INRiM), Strada Delle Cacce 91, 10135 Torino, Italy
| | - Mario Chiampi
- Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica (INRiM), Strada Delle Cacce 91, 10135 Torino, Italy
| | - Luca Zilberti
- Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica (INRiM), Strada Delle Cacce 91, 10135 Torino, Italy
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Bottauscio O, Rubia-Rodríguez I, Arduino A, Zilberti L, Chiampi M, Ortega D. Heating of metallic biliary stents during magnetic hyperthermia of patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: an in silico study. Int J Hyperthermia 2022; 39:1222-1232. [DOI: 10.1080/02656736.2022.2121863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Luca Zilberti
- Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica (INRIM), Turin, Italy
| | - Mario Chiampi
- Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica (INRIM), Turin, Italy
| | - Daniel Ortega
- IMDEA Nanoscience, Madrid, Spain
- Condensed Matter Physics Department, University of Cádiz, Cádiz, Spain
- Institute of Research and Innovation in Biomedical Sciences of Cádiz (INiBICA), University of Cádiz, Cádiz, Spain
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Torchio R, Arduino A, Zilberti L, Bottauscio O. A fast tool for the parametric analysis of human body exposed to LF electromagnetic fields in biomedical applications. COMPUTER METHODS AND PROGRAMS IN BIOMEDICINE 2022; 214:106543. [PMID: 34861616 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmpb.2021.106543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A numerical procedure for analyzing electromagnetic (EM) fields interactions with biological tissues is presented. The proposed approach aims at drastically reducing the computational burden required by the repeated solution of large scale problems involving the interaction of the human body with EM fields, such as in the study of the time evolution of EM fields, uncertainty quantification, and inverse problems. The proposed volume integral equation (VIE), focused on low frequency applications, is a system of integral equations in terms of current density and scalar potential in the biological tissues excited by EM fields and/or electrodes connected to the human body. The proposed formulation requires the voxelization of the human body and takes advantage of the regularity of such discretization by speeding-up the computational procedure. Moreover, it exploits recent advancements in the solution of VIE by means of iterative preconditioned solvers and ad hoc parametric Model Order Reduction techniques. The efficiency of the proposed tool is demonstrated by applying it to a couple of realistic model problems: the assessment of the peripheral nerve stimulation, performed in terms of evaluation of the induced electric field, due to the gradient coils of a magnetic resonance imaging scanner during a clinical examination and the assessment of the exposure to environmental fields at 50 Hz of live-line workers with uncertain properties of the biological tissues. Thanks to the proposed method, uncertainty quantification analyses and time domain simulations are possible even for large scale problems and they can be performed on standard computers and reasonable computation time. Sample implementation of the method is made publicly available at https://github.com/UniPD-DII-ETCOMP/BioMOR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Torchio
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Università degli Studi di Padova, Padova 35131, Italy.
| | | | - Luca Zilberti
- Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Torino 10135, Italy
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Leliaert J, Ortega-Julia J, Ortega D. Individual particle heating of interacting magnetic nanoparticles at nonzero temperature. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:14734-14744. [PMID: 34476432 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr05311f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Interaction phenomena have become a hot topic in nanotechnology due to their influence on the performance of magnetic nanostructures for biomedical applications. Hysteresis loops give a good account of the particles' magnetic behaviour, providing valuable clues on subsequent improvements. Nevertheless, the individual hysteresis loops of these systems are also influenced by any potential energy exchanged between the particles, and in contrast to non-interacting particles, are no longer a good measure for the local heat generated by each particle. As of today, there is no method capable of analysing the heat dissipation resulting from the nanoscale magnetisation dynamics in its full generality, i.e. in the presence of interactions and at nonzero temperature (allowing for thermally induced switching), and therefore the means of exploiting these dynamics remain hampered by a lack of understanding. In this work we address this problem by proposing and validating an equation that can be used to resolve the individual heat dissipation of interacting nanoparticles at nonzero temperature. After assessing this equation for different model systems, we have found that the proportion of heat dissipated in each individual particle tends to become more uniformly distributed for larger fields. Our results might have implications for magnetic particle hyperthermia where one of the most long-standing challenges is to achieve a homogeneous therapeutic temperature distribution in the target region during a treatment. Although tackling this issue involves a number of aspects related to the tissues involved, the injected nanoparticles, and the applied magnetic field, we believe that a more homogeneous heating of the particles inside the tumour will help to overcome this challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Leliaert
- Department of Solid State Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
| | | | - Daniel Ortega
- IMDEA Nanoscience, Faraday 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Condensed Matter Physics Department, Faculty of Sciences, Campus Universitario Río San Pedro s/n. 11510 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
- Institute of Research and Innovation in Biomedical Sciences of the Province of Cádiz (INiBICA), University of Cádiz, 11009 Cádiz, Spain
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