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Sulewski P. Logarithmic minimum test for independence in three-way contingency table of small sizes. J STAT COMPUT SIM 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00949655.2021.1908286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Sulewski
- Institute of Mathematics, Pomeranian University, Słupsk, Poland
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Bonnini S, Mazzoni G, Borghesi M, Chiaranda G, Myers J, Mandini S, Raisi A, Masotti S, Grazzi G. Improving walking speed reduces hospitalization costs in outpatients with cardiovascular disease. An analysis based on a multistrata non-parametric test. BMC Health Serv Res 2020; 20:1048. [PMID: 33203408 PMCID: PMC7670683 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-020-05874-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To assess the association between walking speed (WS) and its improvement on hospitalization rates and costs in outpatients with cardiovascular disease. METHODS Six hundred forty-nine patients participating in an exercise-based secondary prevention program were studied. Patients were divided at baseline into two groups characterized by low and high WS based on the average WS maintained during a moderate 1-km treadmill-walking test. WS and other covariates were grouped into three domains (demographic factors, medical history and risk factors), and used to estimate a propensity score, in order to create homogeneous groups of patients. All-cause hospitalization was assessed 3 years after baseline as a function of WS. Hospitalization and related costs were also assessed during the fourth-to-sixth years after enrollment. To test whether the hospitalization costs were related to changes in WS after 36 months, a multistrata permutation test was performed by combining within strata partial tests. RESULTS The results support the hypothesis that hospitalization costs are significantly reduced in accordance with an improvement in WS. This effect is most evident among older patients, overweight or obese, smokers, and those without a history of coronary artery bypass surgery. CONCLUSIONS The present study supports growing evidence of an inverse association between WS, risk of hospitalization and consequent health-care costs. The joint use of propensity score and multistrata permutation approaches represent a flexible and robust testing method which avoids the possible effects of several confounding factors typical of these studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Bonnini
- Department of Economics and Management, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Gianni Mazzoni
- Center for Exercise Science and Sport, University of Ferrara, Via Gramicia , 35, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
- Public Health Department, AUSL Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Michela Borghesi
- Center for Modelling Computing and Statistics, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Giorgio Chiaranda
- Public Health Department, AUSL Piacenza, Piacenza, Italy
- General Directorship for Public Health and Integration Policy, Emilia-Romagna Region, Bologna, Italy
| | - Jonathan Myers
- Division of Cardiology, VA Palo Alto, Palo Alto, CA, USA
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Simona Mandini
- Center for Exercise Science and Sport, University of Ferrara, Via Gramicia , 35, 44121, Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Andrea Raisi
- Center for Exercise Science and Sport, University of Ferrara, Via Gramicia , 35, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Sabrina Masotti
- Center for Exercise Science and Sport, University of Ferrara, Via Gramicia , 35, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Giovanni Grazzi
- Center for Exercise Science and Sport, University of Ferrara, Via Gramicia , 35, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
- Public Health Department, AUSL Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
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Ubaidillah A, Notodiputro KA, Kurnia A, Mangku IW. Multivariate Fay-Herriot models for small area estimation with application to household consumption per capita expenditure in Indonesia. J Appl Stat 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/02664763.2019.1615420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Khairil Anwar Notodiputro
- Departement of Statistics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Anang Kurnia
- Departement of Statistics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - I. Wayan Mangku
- Departement of Mathematics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor, Indonesia
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Sulewski P. Power analysis of independence testing for three-way contingency tables of small sizes. J Appl Stat 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/02664763.2018.1424122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Sulewski
- The Pomeranian Academy, Institute of Mathematics, Słupsk, Poland
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