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Lingelbach K, Gado S, Wirzberger M, Vukelić M. Workload-dependent hemispheric asymmetries during the emotion-cognition interaction: a close-to-naturalistic fNIRS study. FRONTIERS IN NEUROERGONOMICS 2023; 4:1273810. [PMID: 38234490 PMCID: PMC10790862 DOI: 10.3389/fnrgo.2023.1273810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Introduction We investigated brain activation patterns of interacting emotional distractions and cognitive processes in a close-to-naturalistic functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) study. Methods Eighteen participants engaged in a monitoring-control task, mimicking common air traffic controller requirements. The scenario entailed experiencing both low and high workload, while concurrently being exposed to emotional speech distractions of positive, negative, and neutral valence. Results Our investigation identified hemispheric asymmetries in prefrontal cortex (PFC) activity during the presentation of negative and positive emotional speech distractions at different workload levels. Thereby, in particular, activation in the left inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) and orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) seems to play a crucial role. Brain activation patterns revealed a cross-over interaction indicating workload-dependent left hemispheric inhibition processes during negative distractions and high workload. For positive emotional distractions under low workload, we observed left-hemispheric PFC recruitment potentially associated with speech-related processes. Furthermore, we found a workload-independent negativity bias for neutral distractions, showing brain activation patterns similar to those of negative distractions. Discussion In conclusion, lateralized hemispheric processing, regulating emotional speech distractions and integrating emotional and cognitive processes, is influenced by workload levels and stimulus characteristics. These findings advance our understanding of the factors modulating hemispheric asymmetries during the processing and inhibition of emotional distractions, as well as the interplay between emotion and cognition. Moreover, they emphasize the significance of exploring emotion-cognition interactions in more naturalistic settings to gain a deeper understanding of their implications in real-world application scenarios (e.g., working and learning environments).
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Lingelbach
- Applied Neurocognitive Systems, Fraunhofer Institute for Industrial Engineering IAO, Stuttgart, Germany
- Applied Neurocognitive Psychology, Carl von Ossietzky University, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Sabrina Gado
- Experimental Clinical Psychology, Department of Psychology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Maria Wirzberger
- Department of Teaching and Learning with Intelligent Systems, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
- LEAD Graduate School and Research Network, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Mathias Vukelić
- Applied Neurocognitive Systems, Fraunhofer Institute for Industrial Engineering IAO, Stuttgart, Germany
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van Dillen LF, Hofmann W. Room for Feelings: A “Working Memory” Account of Affective Processing. EMOTION REVIEW 2023. [DOI: 10.1177/17540739221150233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
In the past decades, affective science has overwhelmingly demonstrated the unique properties of affective information to bias our attention, memory, and decisions. At the same time, accumulating evidence suggests that neutral and affective representations rely on the same working memory substrates for the selection and computation of information and that they are therefore restricted by the same capacity limitations that these substrates impose. Here, we integrate these insights into a working memory model of affective processing (WMAP). Drawing on competitive access models of working memory, we discuss its role in the various stages of affective processing, from attentional selection to maintenance and memory storage, and resulting feelings and actions. We end our overview with some open questions and future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wilhelm Hofmann
- Department of Psychology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
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Zhang Y, Liu B, Gao X. Investigation of the interaction between emotion and working memory load using spatiotemporal pattern similarity analysis. J Neural Eng 2021; 18. [PMID: 34700299 DOI: 10.1088/1741-2552/ac3347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Objective.Accumulating evidence has revealed that emotions can be provided with the modulatory effect on working memory (WM) and WM load is an important factor for the interaction between emotion and WM. However, it remains controversial whether emotions inhibit or facilitate WM and the interaction between cognitive task, processing load and emotional processing remains unclear.Approach.In this study, we used a change detection paradigm wherein memory items have four different load sizes and emotion videos to induce three emotions (negative, neutral, and positive). We performed an event-related spectral perturbation (ERSP) analysis and a spatiotemporal pattern similarity (STPS) analysis on the electroencephalography data.Main results.The ERSP results indicated that alpha and beta oscillations can reflect the difference among WM load sizes and also can reflect the difference among emotions under middle high WM load over posterior brain region in the maintenance stage. Moreover, the STPS results demonstrated a significant interaction between emotion and WM load size in the posterior region and found significantly higher similarity indexes for the negative emotion to the neutral emotion under the middle high WM load during WM maintenance. In addition, The STPS results also revealed that both positive emotion and negative emotion could interfere with the distinction of load sizes.Significance.The consistence of the behavioral, ERSP and STPS results suggested that when the memory load approaches the limit of WM capacity, negative emotion could facilitate WM through the top-down attention modulation promoting the most relevant information storage during WM maintenance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Zhang
- College of Intelligence and Computing, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cognitive Computing and Application, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Baolin Liu
- School of Computer and Communication Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaorong Gao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
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Pacios J, Caperos JM, Del Río D, Maestú F. Emotional distraction in working memory: Bayesian-based evidence of the equivalent effect of positive and neutral interference. Cogn Emot 2020; 35:282-290. [PMID: 33143521 DOI: 10.1080/02699931.2020.1839382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Evidence has shown that negative distracting stimuli are most difficult to control when we are focused in a relevant task, while positive and neutral distractors might be equally overcome. Still, recent meta-analytic evidence has pointed out that differences in the ability to cope with positive or neutral distractors may be difficult to detect in healthy people and in laboratory sets. Here we re-analyse memory performance in four already published working memory experiments in which affective and non-affective distractors were used. We focused on the positive versus neutral contrast, which did not reveal differences in the original analysis, with the aim of quantifying evidence for the null hypothesis using a Bayesian approach. Bayes factor (BF) estimates show substantial evidence in favour to the absence of differences in three out of four datasets. Further, BF aggregated from the four studies shows stronger evidence for the null hypothesis. Results from this analysis show that WM performance after positive and neutral interference can be considered equivalent, suggesting that positive distractors can be overcome to the same extent as neutral ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Pacios
- Department of Experimental Psychology, School of Psychology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Laboratory of Cognitive and Computational Neuroscience, Center for Biomedical Technology (Technical University of Madrid and Complutense University of Madrid), Madrid, Spain
| | - José M Caperos
- Department of Psychology, Universidad Pontificia Comillas, Madrid, Spain
| | - David Del Río
- Department of Experimental Psychology, School of Psychology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Laboratory of Cognitive and Computational Neuroscience, Center for Biomedical Technology (Technical University of Madrid and Complutense University of Madrid), Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando Maestú
- Department of Experimental Psychology, School of Psychology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Laboratory of Cognitive and Computational Neuroscience, Center for Biomedical Technology (Technical University of Madrid and Complutense University of Madrid), Madrid, Spain
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He Q, Han AT, Churaman TA, Brown TI. The role of working memory capacity in spatial learning depends on spatial information integration difficulty in the environment. J Exp Psychol Gen 2020; 150:666-685. [PMID: 32924520 DOI: 10.1037/xge0000972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
A substantial amount of research has been conducted to uncover factors underlying the pronounced individual differences in spatial navigation. Spatial working memory capacity (SWM) is shown to be one important factor. In other domains such as reading comprehension, the role of working memory capacity in task performance differences depends on the difficulty of other task demands. In the current study, we investigated whether, similarly, the relationship between SWM and spatial performance was dependent on the difficulty of spatial information integration in the environment. Based on our prior work, spatial information integration difficulty depends on (a) difficulty in observing spatial relationships between locations of interest in the environment and (b) the individual's ability to integrate such relationships. Leveraging virtual reality, we manipulated the difficulty in observing the spatial relationships during learning by changing the visibility of the buildings, and measured individual's self-report sense of direction (SOD) which modulates the ability to integrate such relationships under different degrees of visibility. We consistently found that in the "easy" spatial integration condition (high SOD with high visibility), high SWM did not significantly improve spatial learning. The same pattern was observed in the difficult condition (low SOD with low visibility). On the other hand, high SWM improved spatial learning for medium difficulty (high SOD with low visibility, or vice versa). Together, our results reveal that the role of SWM in spatial learning differences depends on spatial integration difficulty. Our results also have significant applied implications for using virtual reality to target and facilitate spatial learning. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiliang He
- School of Psychology, Georgia Institute of Technology
| | - Andrew T Han
- Churaman, School of Computer Science, Georgia Institute of Technology
| | - Tanya A Churaman
- Churaman, School of Computer Science, Georgia Institute of Technology
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Doherty BR, Patai EZ, Duta M, Nobre AC, Scerif G. The functional consequences of social distraction: Attention and memory for complex scenes. Cognition 2017; 158:215-223. [PMID: 27842274 DOI: 10.1016/j.cognition.2016.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2015] [Revised: 10/12/2016] [Accepted: 10/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Brianna Ruth Doherty
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Eva Zita Patai
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Oxford Centre for Human Brain Activity, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Mihaela Duta
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Anna Christina Nobre
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Oxford Centre for Human Brain Activity, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Gaia Scerif
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
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Mano QR, Brown GG, Mirzakhanian H, Bolden K, Cadenhead KS, Light GA. Not all distraction is bad: working memory vulnerability to implicit socioemotional distraction correlates with negative symptoms and functional impairment in psychosis. SCHIZOPHRENIA RESEARCH AND TREATMENT 2014; 2014:320948. [PMID: 24724026 PMCID: PMC3958678 DOI: 10.1155/2014/320948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2013] [Revised: 11/26/2013] [Accepted: 12/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated implicit socioemotional modulation of working memory (WM) in the context of symptom severity and functional status in individuals with psychosis (N = 21). A delayed match-to-sample task was modified wherein task-irrelevant facial distracters were presented early and briefly during the rehearsal of pseudoword memoranda that varied incrementally in load size (1, 2, or 3 syllables). Facial distracters displayed happy, sad, or emotionally neutral expressions. Implicit socioemotional modulation of WM was indexed by subtracting task accuracy on nonfacial geometrical distraction trials from facial distraction trials. Results indicated that the amount of implicit socioemotional modulation of high WM load accuracy was significantly associated with negative symptoms (r = 0.63, P < 0.01), role functioning (r = -0.50, P < 0.05), social functioning (r = -0.55, P < 0.01), and global assessment of functioning (r = -0.53, P < 0.05). Specifically, greater attentional distraction of high WM load was associated with less severe symptoms and functional impairment. This study demonstrates the importance of the WM-socioemotional interface in influencing clinical and psychosocial functional status in psychosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quintino R. Mano
- San Diego Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, San Diego, CA 92161, USA
- VISN-22 Mental Illness, Research, Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA 92161, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Gregory G. Brown
- San Diego Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, San Diego, CA 92161, USA
- VISN-22 Mental Illness, Research, Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA 92161, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Heline Mirzakhanian
- San Diego Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, San Diego, CA 92161, USA
- VISN-22 Mental Illness, Research, Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA 92161, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Khalima Bolden
- San Diego Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, San Diego, CA 92161, USA
- VISN-22 Mental Illness, Research, Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA 92161, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Kristen S. Cadenhead
- San Diego Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, San Diego, CA 92161, USA
- VISN-22 Mental Illness, Research, Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA 92161, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Gregory A. Light
- San Diego Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, San Diego, CA 92161, USA
- VISN-22 Mental Illness, Research, Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA 92161, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine, San Diego, CA, USA
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Mano QR, Brown GG. Cognition–emotion interactions in schizophrenia: Emerging evidence on working memory load and implicit facial-affective processing. Cogn Emot 2013; 27:875-99. [DOI: 10.1080/02699931.2012.751360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Paulus MP. The breathing conundrum-interoceptive sensitivity and anxiety. Depress Anxiety 2013; 30:315-20. [PMID: 23468141 PMCID: PMC3805119 DOI: 10.1002/da.22076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2012] [Revised: 01/17/2013] [Accepted: 01/18/2013] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Cognitive and affective processing has been the central focus of brain-related functions in psychology and psychiatry for many years. Much less attention has been paid to what could be considered the primary function of the brain, to regulate the function of the body. Recent developments, which include the conceptualization of interoception as a process consisting of integrating the information coming from the inside of the body in the central nervous system and the appreciation that complex emotional processes are fundamentally affected by the processing and regulation of somatic states, have profoundly changed the view of the function and dysfunction of the brain. This review focuses on the relationship between breathing and anxiety. Several anxiety disorders have been associated with altered breathing, perception of breathing, and response to manipulations of breathing. Both clinical and experimental research studies are reviewed that relate breathing dysfunctions to anxiety. Altered breathing may be useful as a physiological marker of anxiety as well as a treatment target using interoceptive interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin P. Paulus
- University of California, San Diego
,San Diego Veterans Affairs Health Care System
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