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Mizuno F, Tokanai F, Kumagai M, Ishiya K, Sugiyama S, Hayashi M, Kurosaki K, Ueda S. Bioarchaeological study of ancient Teotihuacans based on complete mitochondrial genome sequences and diet isotopes. Ann Hum Biol 2023; 50:390-398. [PMID: 37812249 DOI: 10.1080/03014460.2023.2261844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Teotihuacan civilisation was the largest one in ancient Mesoamerica. The Teotihuacan city was born in the north-eastern Basin of Mexico around the second century BC, reached its peak in the fourth century AD, and had cultural influence throughout Mesoamerica. At its peak, the size of the city reached more than 20 km2, and the total population is estimated to have increased from 100,000 to 200,000. However, knowledge of the genetic background of the Teotihuacan people is still limited. AIM We aimed to determine the mitogenome sequences of the Teotihuacan human remains and compare the ancient and present Mesoamericans. In addition, we aimed to identify the food habits of ancient Teotihuacans. SUBJECTS AND METHODS We determined the mitogenome sequences of human remains dated to 250-636 cal AD using target enrichment-coupled next generation sequencing. We also performed stable isotope analysis. RESULTS We successfully obtained nearly full-length sequences newly unearthed from a civilian dwelling in the Teotihuacan site. Teotihuacan mitochondrial DNA was classified into the haplogroups in present and ancient Mesoamericans. In addition, Teotihuacan individuals had a diet dependent on C4 plants such as maize. CONCLUSION Genetic diversity varied among the Teotihuacans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuzuki Mizuno
- Department of Legal Medicine, Toho University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Fuyuki Tokanai
- Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Yamagata University Advanced Analysis Center, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Masahiko Kumagai
- National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Koji Ishiya
- Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Chiyoda, Japan
| | - Saburo Sugiyama
- Research Institute for the Dynamics of Civilizations, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Michiko Hayashi
- Department of Legal Medicine, Toho University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kunihiko Kurosaki
- Department of Legal Medicine, Toho University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shintaroh Ueda
- Department of Legal Medicine, Toho University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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WAKU DAISUKE, GAKUHARI TAKASHI, KOGANEBUCHI KAE, YONEDA MINORU, KONDO OSAMU, MASUYAMA TADAYUKI, YAMADA YASUHIRO, OOTA HIROKI. Complete mitochondrial genome sequencing reveals double-buried Jomon individuals excavated from the Ikawazu shell-mound site were not in a mother–child relationship. ANTHROPOL SCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1537/ase.220129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- DAISUKE WAKU
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo
| | - TAKASHI GAKUHARI
- Center for Cultural Resource Studies, College of Human and Social Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa
| | - KAE KOGANEBUCHI
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo
| | - MINORU YONEDA
- The University Museum, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo
| | - OSAMU KONDO
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo
| | | | - YASUHIRO YAMADA
- Department of Philosophy, History and Cultural Studies, Graduate School of Humanities, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo
| | - HIROKI OOTA
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo
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Mizuno F, Gojobori J, Kumagai M, Baba H, Taniguchi Y, Kondo O, Matsushita M, Matsushita T, Matsuda F, Higasa K, Hayashi M, Wang L, Kurosaki K, Ueda S. Population dynamics in the Japanese Archipelago since the Pleistocene revealed by the complete mitochondrial genome sequences. Sci Rep 2021; 11:12018. [PMID: 34121089 PMCID: PMC8200360 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-91357-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The Japanese Archipelago is widely covered with acidic soil made of volcanic ash, an environment which is detrimental to the preservation of ancient biomolecules. More than 10,000 Palaeolithic and Neolithic sites have been discovered nationwide, but few skeletal remains exist and preservation of DNA is poor. Despite these challenging circumstances, we succeeded in obtaining a complete mitogenome (mitochondrial genome) sequence from Palaeolithic human remains. We also obtained those of Neolithic (the hunting-gathering Jomon and the farming Yayoi cultures) remains, and over 2,000 present-day Japanese. The Palaeolithic mitogenome sequence was not found to be a direct ancestor of any of Jomon, Yayoi, and present-day Japanese people. However, it was an ancestral type of haplogroup M, a basal group of the haplogroup M. Therefore, our results indicate continuity in the maternal gene pool from the Palaeolithic to present-day Japanese. We also found that a vast increase of population size happened and has continued since the Yayoi period, characterized with paddy rice farming. It means that the cultural transition, i.e. rice agriculture, had significant impact on the demographic history of Japanese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuzuki Mizuno
- Department of Legal Medicine, Toho University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Jun Gojobori
- Department of Evolutionary Studies of Biosystems, SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Hayama, Japan.
| | - Masahiko Kumagai
- Advanced Analysis Center, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Hisao Baba
- Department of Anthropology, National Museum of Nature and Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Taniguchi
- Department of Archaeology, Faculty of Letters, Kokugakuin University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Osamu Kondo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | | | - Koichiro Higasa
- Department of Genome Analysis, Institute of Biomedical Science, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Japan
| | - Michiko Hayashi
- Department of Legal Medicine, Toho University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Li Wang
- School of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Kunihiko Kurosaki
- Department of Legal Medicine, Toho University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shintaroh Ueda
- Department of Legal Medicine, Toho University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Mizuno F, Ishiya K, Matsushita M, Matsushita T, Hampson K, Hayashi M, Tokanai F, Kurosaki K, Ueda S. A biomolecular anthropological investigation of William Adams, the first SAMURAI from England. Sci Rep 2020; 10:21651. [PMID: 33303940 PMCID: PMC7729870 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-78723-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
William Adams (Miura Anjin) was an English navigator who sailed with a Dutch trading fleet to the far East and landed in Japan in 1600. He became a vassal under the Shogun, Tokugawa Ieyasu, was bestowed with a title, lands and swords, and became the first SAMURAI from England. "Miura" comes from the name of the territory given to him and "Anjin" means "pilot". He lived out the rest of his life in Japan and died in Hirado, Nagasaki Prefecture, in 1620, where he was reportedly laid to rest. Shortly after his death, graveyards designated for foreigners were destroyed during a period of Christian repression, but Miura Anjin's bones were supposedly taken, protected, and reburied. Archaeological investigations in 1931 uncovered human skeletal remains and it was proposed that they were those of Miura Anjin. However, this could not be confirmed from the evidence at the time and the remains were reburied. In 2017, excavations found skeletal remains matching the description of those reinterred in 1931. We analyzed these remains from various aspects, including genetic background, dietary habits, and burial style, utilizing modern scientific techniques to investigate whether they do indeed belong to the first English SAMURAI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuzuki Mizuno
- Department of Legal Medicine, Toho University School of Medicine, 5-21-16, Omori-Nishi, Ota-ku, Tokyo, 143-8540, Japan.
| | - Koji Ishiya
- Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Sapporo, 062-8517, Japan
- Computational Bio Big Data Open Innovation Lab (CBBD-OIL), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)-Waseda University, Tokyo, 169-8555, Japan
| | - Masami Matsushita
- The Organization of Anthropological Research, Yamaguchi, 759-6604, Japan
| | | | - Katherine Hampson
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Michiko Hayashi
- Department of Legal Medicine, Toho University School of Medicine, 5-21-16, Omori-Nishi, Ota-ku, Tokyo, 143-8540, Japan
| | - Fuyuki Tokanai
- Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Yamagata University, Kaminoyama, 999-3101, Japan
| | - Kunihiko Kurosaki
- Department of Legal Medicine, Toho University School of Medicine, 5-21-16, Omori-Nishi, Ota-ku, Tokyo, 143-8540, Japan.
| | - Shintaroh Ueda
- Department of Legal Medicine, Toho University School of Medicine, 5-21-16, Omori-Nishi, Ota-ku, Tokyo, 143-8540, Japan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
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