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Gál B, Varga-Kugler R, Ihász K, Kaszab E, Farkas S, Marton S, Martella V, Bányai K. A Snapshot on the Genomic Epidemiology of Turkey Reovirus Infections, Hungary. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:3504. [PMID: 38003122 PMCID: PMC10668827 DOI: 10.3390/ani13223504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Reovirus infections in turkeys are associated with arthritis and lameness. Viral genome sequence data are scarce, which makes an accurate description of the viral evolution and epidemiology difficult. In this study, we isolated and characterized turkey reoviruses from Hungary. The isolates were identified in 2016; these isolates were compared with earlier Hungarian turkey reovirus strains and turkey reoviruses isolated in the 2010s in the United States. Gene-wise sequence and phylogenetic analyses identified the cell-receptor binding protein and the main neutralization antigen, σC, to be the most conserved. The most genetically diverse gene was another surface antigen coding gene, μB. This gene was shown to undergo frequent reassortment among chicken and turkey origin reoviruses. Additional reassortment events were found primarily within members of the homologous turkey reovirus clade. Our data showed evidence for low variability among strains isolated from independent outbreaks, a finding that suggests a common source of turkey reoviruses in Hungarian turkey flocks. Given that commercial vaccines are not available, identification of the source of these founder virus strains would permit a more efficient prevention of disease outbreaks before young birds are settled to fattening facilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bence Gál
- Intervet Hungária Kft, Lechner Odon Fasor 10/b, H-1095 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - Renáta Varga-Kugler
- Veterinary Medical Research Institute, Hungária krt. 21, H-1143 Budapest, Hungary; (R.V.-K.); (K.I.); (E.K.); (S.M.)
- National Laboratory for Infectious Animal Diseases, Antimicrobial Resistance, Veterinary Public Health and Food Chain Safety, Hungária krt. 21, H-1143 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Katalin Ihász
- Veterinary Medical Research Institute, Hungária krt. 21, H-1143 Budapest, Hungary; (R.V.-K.); (K.I.); (E.K.); (S.M.)
| | - Eszter Kaszab
- Veterinary Medical Research Institute, Hungária krt. 21, H-1143 Budapest, Hungary; (R.V.-K.); (K.I.); (E.K.); (S.M.)
- National Laboratory for Infectious Animal Diseases, Antimicrobial Resistance, Veterinary Public Health and Food Chain Safety, Hungária krt. 21, H-1143 Budapest, Hungary
- Institute of Metagenomics, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Szilvia Farkas
- Department of Obstetrics and Food Animal Medicine Clinic, University of Veterinary Medicine, István utca 2, H-1078 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - Szilvia Marton
- Veterinary Medical Research Institute, Hungária krt. 21, H-1143 Budapest, Hungary; (R.V.-K.); (K.I.); (E.K.); (S.M.)
- National Laboratory for Infectious Animal Diseases, Antimicrobial Resistance, Veterinary Public Health and Food Chain Safety, Hungária krt. 21, H-1143 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Vito Martella
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari, Aldo Moro, S.P. per Casamassima km 3, 70010 Valenzano, Italy;
| | - Krisztián Bányai
- Veterinary Medical Research Institute, Hungária krt. 21, H-1143 Budapest, Hungary; (R.V.-K.); (K.I.); (E.K.); (S.M.)
- National Laboratory for Infectious Animal Diseases, Antimicrobial Resistance, Veterinary Public Health and Food Chain Safety, Hungária krt. 21, H-1143 Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine, István utca 2, H-1078 Budapest, Hungary
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Genome Sequences of Three Turkey Orthoreovirus Strains Isolated in Hungary. GENOME ANNOUNCEMENTS 2015; 3:3/6/e01333-15. [PMID: 26586882 PMCID: PMC4653784 DOI: 10.1128/genomea.01333-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
We have investigated the genomic properties of three turkey reovirus strains-19831M09, D1246, and D1104-isolated in Hungary in 2009. Sequence identity values and phylogenetic calculations indicated genetic conservativeness among the studied Hungarian strains and a close relationship with strains isolated in the United States.
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Mor SK, Marthaler D, Verma H, Sharafeldin TA, Jindal N, Porter RE, Goyal SM. Phylogenetic analysis, genomic diversity and classification of M class gene segments of turkey reoviruses. Vet Microbiol 2015; 176:70-82. [PMID: 25655814 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2015.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2014] [Revised: 12/24/2014] [Accepted: 01/05/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
From 2011 to 2014, 13 turkey arthritis reoviruses (TARVs) were isolated from cases of swollen hock joints in 2-18-week-old turkeys. In addition, two isolates from similar cases of turkey arthritis were received from another laboratory. Eight turkey enteric reoviruses (TERVs) isolated from fecal samples of turkeys were also used for comparison. The aims of this study were to characterize turkey reovirus (TRV) based on complete M class genome segments and to determine genetic diversity within TARVs in comparison to TERVs and chicken reoviruses (CRVs). Nucleotide (nt) cut off values of 84%, 83% and 85% for the M1, M2 and M3 gene segments were proposed and used for genotype classification, generating 5, 7, and 3 genotypes, respectively. Using these nt cut off values, we propose M class genotype constellations (GCs) for avian reoviruses. Of the seven GCs, GC1 and GC3 were shared between the TARVs and TERVs, indicating possible reassortment between turkey and chicken reoviruses. The TARVs and TERVs were divided into three GCs, and GC2 was unique to TARVs and TERVs. The proposed new GC approach should be useful in identifying reassortant viruses, which may ultimately be used in the design of a universal vaccine against both chicken and turkey reoviruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil K Mor
- Department of Veterinary Population Medicine and Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, University of Minnesota, 1333 Gortner Avenue, St. Paul, MN 55108, United States
| | - Douglas Marthaler
- Department of Veterinary Population Medicine and Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, University of Minnesota, 1333 Gortner Avenue, St. Paul, MN 55108, United States
| | - Harsha Verma
- Department of Veterinary Population Medicine and Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, University of Minnesota, 1333 Gortner Avenue, St. Paul, MN 55108, United States
| | - Tamer A Sharafeldin
- Department of Veterinary Population Medicine and Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, University of Minnesota, 1333 Gortner Avenue, St. Paul, MN 55108, United States
| | - Naresh Jindal
- Department of Veterinary Public Health and Epidemiology, College of Veterinary Sciences, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hisar 125 004, India
| | - Robert E Porter
- Department of Veterinary Population Medicine and Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, University of Minnesota, 1333 Gortner Avenue, St. Paul, MN 55108, United States
| | - Sagar M Goyal
- Department of Veterinary Population Medicine and Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, University of Minnesota, 1333 Gortner Avenue, St. Paul, MN 55108, United States.
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Mor SK, Verma H, Sharafeldin TA, Porter RE, Jindal N, Ziegler A, Goyal SM. Characterization of S class gene segments of a newly isolated turkey arthritis reovirus. Virology 2014; 464-465:33-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2014.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2014] [Revised: 05/21/2014] [Accepted: 06/10/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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