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Garric C, Wamain Y, Rouland JF, Lenoble Q. Glaucoma-associated abnormalities in cortical activity during a visuocognitive task. Clin Neurophysiol 2023; 156:47-56. [PMID: 37866076 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2023.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate neurophysiological dynamics during a visuocognitive task in glaucoma patients vs. healthy controls. METHODS Fifteen patients with early-stage primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and fifteen age-matched healthy participants underwent a "go/no-go" task, monitored with EEG. Participants had to semantically categorize visual objects in central vision, with animal or furniture as targets according to the experimental block. RESULTS Early visual processing was delayed by 50 ms in patients with POAG compared to controls. The patients displayed a smaller difference between animal and furniture categorization during higher-level cognitive processing (at 400-600 ms). Regarding behavioral data, the groups differed in accuracy performance and decision criterion. As opposed to the control group, patients did not display facilitation and a higher accuracy rate for animal stimuli. However, patients maintained a consistent decision criterion throughout the experiment, whereas controls displayed a shift towards worse decision criteria in furniture trials, with higher error rate. CONCLUSIONS The comparative analysis of behavioral and neurophysiological data revealed in POAG patients a delay in early visual processing, and potential high-level cognitive compensation during late, task-dependent activations. SIGNIFICANCE To our knowledge, our findings provide the first evidence of modification in cognitive brain dynamics associated with POAG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clémentine Garric
- Univ. Lille, INSERM, CHU Lille, U1172 - LilNCog - Lille Neuroscience and Cognition, F-59000 Lille, France.
| | - Yannick Wamain
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, CHU Lille, UMR 9193, SCALab, Sciences Cognitives et Sciences Affectives, F-59000 Lille, France.
| | - Jean-François Rouland
- Ophthalmology Department, Claude Huriez Hospital, University of Lille, F-59000 Lille, France.
| | - Quentin Lenoble
- Univ. Lille, INSERM, CHU Lille, U1172 - LilNCog - Lille Neuroscience and Cognition, F-59000 Lille, France.
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Newell FN, McKenna E, Seveso MA, Devine I, Alahmad F, Hirst RJ, O'Dowd A. Multisensory perception constrains the formation of object categories: a review of evidence from sensory-driven and predictive processes on categorical decisions. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2023; 378:20220342. [PMID: 37545304 PMCID: PMC10404931 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2022.0342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Although object categorization is a fundamental cognitive ability, it is also a complex process going beyond the perception and organization of sensory stimulation. Here we review existing evidence about how the human brain acquires and organizes multisensory inputs into object representations that may lead to conceptual knowledge in memory. We first focus on evidence for two processes on object perception, multisensory integration of redundant information (e.g. seeing and feeling a shape) and crossmodal, statistical learning of complementary information (e.g. the 'moo' sound of a cow and its visual shape). For both processes, the importance attributed to each sensory input in constructing a multisensory representation of an object depends on the working range of the specific sensory modality, the relative reliability or distinctiveness of the encoded information and top-down predictions. Moreover, apart from sensory-driven influences on perception, the acquisition of featural information across modalities can affect semantic memory and, in turn, influence category decisions. In sum, we argue that both multisensory processes independently constrain the formation of object categories across the lifespan, possibly through early and late integration mechanisms, respectively, to allow us to efficiently achieve the everyday, but remarkable, ability of recognizing objects. This article is part of the theme issue 'Decision and control processes in multisensory perception'.
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Affiliation(s)
- F. N. Newell
- School of Psychology and Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, College Green, Dublin D02 PN40, Ireland
| | - E. McKenna
- School of Psychology and Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, College Green, Dublin D02 PN40, Ireland
| | - M. A. Seveso
- School of Psychology and Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, College Green, Dublin D02 PN40, Ireland
| | - I. Devine
- School of Psychology and Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, College Green, Dublin D02 PN40, Ireland
| | - F. Alahmad
- School of Psychology and Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, College Green, Dublin D02 PN40, Ireland
| | - R. J. Hirst
- School of Psychology and Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, College Green, Dublin D02 PN40, Ireland
| | - A. O'Dowd
- School of Psychology and Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, College Green, Dublin D02 PN40, Ireland
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Wamain Y, Garric C, Lenoble Q. Dynamics of low-pass-filtered object categories: A decoding approach to ERP recordings. Vision Res 2023; 204:108165. [PMID: 36584582 DOI: 10.1016/j.visres.2022.108165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Rapid analysis of low spatial frequencies (LSFs) in the brain conveys the global shape of the object and allows for rapid expectations about the visual input. Evidence has suggested that LSF processing differs as a function of the semantic category to identify. The present study sought to specify the neural dynamics of the LSF contribution to the rapid object representation of living versus non-living objects. In this EEG experiment, participants had to categorize an object displayed at different spatial frequencies (LSF or non-filtered). Behavioral results showed an advantage for living versus non-living objects and a decrease in performance with LSF pictures of pieces of furniture only. Moreover, despite a difference in classification performance between LSF and non-filtered pictures for living items, the behavioral performance was maintained, which suggests that classification under our specific condition can be based on LSF information, in particular for living items.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yannick Wamain
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 9193 - SCALab - Sciences Cognitives et Sciences Affectives, F-59000 Lille, France.
| | - Clémentine Garric
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172 - LilNCog - Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Quentin Lenoble
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172 - LilNCog - Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, F-59000 Lille, France
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Garric C, Rouland JF, Lenoble Q. Glaucoma and Computer Use: Do Contrast and Color Enhancements Improve Visual Comfort in Patients? Ophthalmol Glaucoma 2021; 4:531-540. [PMID: 33556588 DOI: 10.1016/j.ogla.2021.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To estimate the impact of glaucoma on computer use and to assess specific adaptations of the graphical interface to this form of visual impairment. DESIGN Prospective, experimental cohort study. PARTICIPANTS Forty-nine participants were recruited: 16 patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (mean ± SD, 62.7 ± 5.6 years of age), 17 age-matched participants (mean ± SD, 59.1 ± 8.3 years of age), and 16 young control participants (mean ± SD, 23.3 ± 2.1 years of age). METHODS An ophthalmologic examination before the study evaluated the level of visual loss (mean deviation), visual acuity (logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution units), and contrast sensitivity (CS) of the primary open-angle glaucoma patients. Each participant underwent the following measurements: an information technology (IT) experience questionnaire, a preference task monitored by eye tracking, and a feedback session. The experimental task was based on ecological computer scenes with 3 enhancement levels (low, medium, and high), determined by gradual modulation of contrast, luminance, and color. Participants were asked to select the most readable and comfortable stimulus among 4 images displayed on the screen: the original computer scene and 3 enhanced versions. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Clinical, oculomotor, and subjective data were computed together in a multivariate model by using a principal component analysis (PCA). RESULTS The PCA revealed 3 principal components accounting for 72% of the total variance of the data and showed a greater need for enhanced computer scenes in glaucoma patients, an equal preference for low and medium enhancement within the 3 groups, and significantly longer oculomotor behavior in the patient groups. Subjective reports of difficulty using IT because of vision were correlated with visual impairment and high enhancement preference. Contrast sensitivity was critical to explaining the main variations of the data. A reduced CS had a significant effect on the preference for enhanced computer scenes (r = -0.43; P < 0.002) and a less effective exploration velocity (r = 0.43; P < 0.002). CONCLUSIONS Glaucoma alters the global exploration of computer scenes. High enhancement of the graphical interface could improve visual comfort during computer use. Subjective patients' reports underline the importance of including IT questions in visual-related quality-of-life questionnaires.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clémentine Garric
- Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172-LilNCog (JPARC)-Lille Neurosciences and Cognition, Université de Lille, Lille, France; CNRS, CHU Lille, UMR 9193, SCALab, Sciences Cognitives et Sciences Affectives, Université de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Jean-François Rouland
- Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172-LilNCog (JPARC)-Lille Neurosciences and Cognition, Université de Lille, Lille, France; CNRS, CHU Lille, UMR 9193, SCALab, Sciences Cognitives et Sciences Affectives, Université de Lille, Lille, France; Department of Ophthalmology, Claude Huriez Hospital, Université de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Quentin Lenoble
- Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172-LilNCog (JPARC)-Lille Neurosciences and Cognition, Université de Lille, Lille, France; CNRS, CHU Lille, UMR 9193, SCALab, Sciences Cognitives et Sciences Affectives, Université de Lille, Lille, France.
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Lai LY, Frömer R, Festa EK, Heindel WC. Age-related changes in the neural dynamics of bottom-up and top-down processing during visual object recognition: an electrophysiological investigation. Neurobiol Aging 2020; 94:38-49. [PMID: 32562874 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2020.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2019] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
When recognizing objects in our environments, we rely on both what we see and what we know. While older adults often display increased sensitivity to top-down influences of contextual information during object recognition, the locus of this increased sensitivity remains unresolved. To examine the effects of aging on the neural dynamics of bottom-up and top-down visual processing during rapid object recognition, we probed the differential effects of object perceptual ambiguity and scene context congruity on specific EEG event-related potential components indexing dissociable processes along the visual processing stream. Older adults displayed larger behavioral scene congruity effects than young adults. Older adults' larger visual P2 amplitudes to object perceptual ambiguity (as opposed to the scene congruity P2 effects in young adults) suggest continued resolution of perceptual ambiguity that interfered with scene congruity processing, while post-perceptual semantic integration (as indexed by N400) remained largely intact. These findings suggest that compromised bottom-up perceptual processing in healthy aging leads to an increased involvement of top-down processes to resolve greater perceptual ambiguity during object recognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leslie Y Lai
- Department of Cognitive, Linguistic, and Psychological Sciences, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912
| | - Romy Frömer
- Department of Cognitive, Linguistic, and Psychological Sciences, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912
| | - Elena K Festa
- Department of Cognitive, Linguistic, and Psychological Sciences, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912
| | - William C Heindel
- Department of Cognitive, Linguistic, and Psychological Sciences, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912.
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Age effects on the neural processing of object-context associations in briefly flashed natural scenes. Neuropsychologia 2020; 136:107264. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2019.107264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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Bordaberry P, Gerlach C, Lenoble Q. Category-Specific Visual Recognition and Aging from the PACE Theory Perspective: Evidence for a Presemantic Deficit in Aging Object Recognition. Exp Aging Res 2016; 42:431-446. [PMID: 27749207 DOI: 10.1080/0361073x.2016.1224634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Background/Study Context: The objective of this study was to investigate the object recognition deficit in aging. Age-related declines were examined from the presemantic account of category effects (PACE) theory perspective (Gerlach, 2009, Cognition, 111, 281-301). This view assumes that the structural similarity/dissimilarity inherent in living and nonliving objects, respectively, can account for a wide range of category-specific effects. METHODS In two experiments on object recognition, young (36 participants, 18-27 years) and older (36 participants, 53-69 years) adult participants' performances were compared. RESULTS The young adults' results corroborate the PACE theory expectations. The results of the older adults showed an impairment in recognition of structurally similar objects irrespective of semantic category. CONCLUSION The two sets of results suggest that a deficit in the selection stage of the PACE theory (visual long-term memory matching) could be responsible for these impairments. Indeed, the older group showed a deficit when this stage was most relevant. This article emphasize on the critical need for taking into account structural component of the stimuli and type of tasks in further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Bordaberry
- a Laboratoire de psychologie EA4139 , Université Victor Segalen-Bordeaux 2 , Bordeaux , France
| | - Christian Gerlach
- b Institute for Psychology , University of Southern Denmark , Odense , Denmark
| | - Quentin Lenoble
- a Laboratoire de psychologie EA4139 , Université Victor Segalen-Bordeaux 2 , Bordeaux , France
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Lenoble Q, Lek JJ, McKendrick AM. Visual object categorisation in people with glaucoma. Br J Ophthalmol 2016; 100:1585-1590. [DOI: 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2015-308289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Revised: 06/14/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Lenoble Q, Bubbico G, Szaffarczyk S, Pasquier F, Boucart M. Scene categorization in Alzheimer's disease: a saccadic choice task. Dement Geriatr Cogn Dis Extra 2015; 5:1-12. [PMID: 25759714 PMCID: PMC4327701 DOI: 10.1159/000366054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS We investigated the performance in scene categorization of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) using a saccadic choice task. METHOD 24 patients with mild AD, 28 age-matched controls and 26 young people participated in the study. The participants were presented pairs of coloured photographs and were asked to make a saccadic eye movement to the picture corresponding to the target scene (natural vs. urban, indoor vs. outdoor). RESULTS The patients' performance did not differ from chance for natural scenes. Differences between young and older controls and patients with AD were found in accuracy but not saccadic latency. CONCLUSIONS The results are interpreted in terms of cerebral reorganization in the prefrontal and temporo-occipital cortex of patients with AD, but also in terms of impaired processing of visual global properties of scenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quentin Lenoble
- Laboratoire de Neurosciences Fonctionnelles et Pathologies, Université Lille Nord de France, CNRS, Lille, France
| | - Giovanna Bubbico
- Laboratoire de Neurosciences Fonctionnelles et Pathologies, Université Lille Nord de France, CNRS, Lille, France
| | - Sébastien Szaffarczyk
- Laboratoire de Neurosciences Fonctionnelles et Pathologies, Université Lille Nord de France, CNRS, Lille, France
| | | | - Muriel Boucart
- Laboratoire de Neurosciences Fonctionnelles et Pathologies, Université Lille Nord de France, CNRS, Lille, France
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Boucart M, Calais G, Lenoble Q, Moroni C, Pasquier F. Differential processing of natural scenes in posterior cortical atrophy and in Alzheimer's disease, as measured with a saccade choice task. Front Integr Neurosci 2014; 8:60. [PMID: 25120440 PMCID: PMC4111099 DOI: 10.3389/fnint.2014.00060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2013] [Accepted: 07/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Atrophy of the medial temporal lobe structures that support scene perception and the binding of an object to its context (i.e., the hippocampus and the parahippocampal cortex) appears early in the course of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, few studies have investigated scene perception in people with AD. Here, we assessed the ability to find a target object within a natural scene in people with AD and in people with posterior cortical atrophy (PCA, a variant of AD). Pairs of color photographs were displayed on the left and right of a fixation cross for 1 s. In separate blocks of trials, participants were asked to categorize the target (an animal) by either moving their eyes toward the photograph containing the target (the saccadic choice task) or pressing a key corresponding to the target’s location (the manual choice task). Isolated objects and objects within scenes were studied in both tasks. Participants with PCA were more impaired in detection of a target within a scene than participants with AD. The latter’s performance pattern was more similar to that of age-matched controls in terms of accuracy, saccade latencies and the benefit gained from contextual information. Participants with PCA benefited less from contextual information in both the saccade and the manual choice tasks—suggesting that people with posterior brain lesions have impairments in figure/ground segregation and are more sensitive to object crowding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muriel Boucart
- Laboratoire Neurosciences Fonctionnelles et Pathologies, Université Lille Nord de France, CNRS Lille, France
| | - Gauthier Calais
- Faculté Libre de Médecine, Université Lille Nord de France, Université Catholique de Lille, Service de Neurologie du Groupement des Hôpitaux de l'Institut Catholique de Lille Lille, France
| | - Quentin Lenoble
- Laboratoire Neurosciences Fonctionnelles et Pathologies, Université Lille Nord de France, CNRS Lille, France
| | - Christine Moroni
- Laboratoire Neurosciences Fonctionnelles et Pathologies, Université Lille Nord de France, CNRS Lille, France
| | - Florence Pasquier
- Centre de la Mémoire, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille, Université Lille Nord de France Lille, France
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Lenoble Q, Boucart M, Rougier MB, Bordaberry P, Delord S. Does a yellow filter improve visual object categorization in normal aging? AGING NEUROPSYCHOLOGY AND COGNITION 2013; 21:325-45. [DOI: 10.1080/13825585.2013.823143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Acciarri N, Galassi E, Giulioni M, Pozzati E, Grasso V, Palandri G, Badaloni F, Zucchelli M, Calbucci F. Cavernous malformations of the central nervous system in the pediatric age group. Pediatr Neurosurg 2009; 45:81-104. [PMID: 19307743 DOI: 10.1159/000209283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2008] [Accepted: 12/15/2008] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The main clinico-diagnostic features, risk factors and associated diseases of cavernous malformations (CMs), also called cavernous angiomas or cavernomas, of the central nervous system (CNS) in children are described, and the most relevant differences compared to the affected adult population are pointed out, focusing on the management of pediatric patients harboring cranial and spinal CMs. MATERIALS This was a retrospective study of a series of 42 children symptomatic for CMs of the cranial and spinal compartments (35 supratentorial brain lesions, 5 infratentorial and 2 in the spinal region) operated on between 1975 and 2005, with a clinical follow-up ranging from 12 to 192 months. The results were compared with those found in the most recent literature dealing with pediatric CMs of the CNS. RESULTS Surgical treatment produced excellent or good results in 69% of our 42 children. Unchanged neurological deficits were observed in 23.8% of cases, while morbidity from surgical procedures was 7.14%. Mortality was absent in this series. These surgical results are comparable with those found in the literature, where morbidity and mortality rates from surgery are 8.8 and 1.13%, respectively, and are mostly associated with procedures for the excision of deep, critically located cavernomas. CONCLUSION CMs represent the most common CNS vascular lesion in children, although their incidence is 4 times lower than that of the adult population. The natural history of pediatric CMs throughout the neuraxis seems to be more aggressive than in adult patients; these lesions have higher rates of growth and hemorrhage, larger dimensions and often atypical radiological pictures at diagnosis. Beside the familial form of the disease, which is more often associated with multiple lesions and an earlier age of clinical presentation, the major risk factor for CMs in children seems to be radiotherapy for CNS tumors. Furthermore, a greater number of CMs coexistent with mixed angiomatous lesions have been reported in children than in adults. Surgical results are related to the preoperative neurological status of the children; symptomatic patients who are operated on early, before they develop severe neurological deficits or long-standing seizures, may achieve the best clinical outcome. Radiosurgery does not seem to be advisable in children as an alternative treatment for deep CMs or those causing epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Acciarri
- Department of Neurosurgery, Bellaria Hospital, Via Altura 3, Bologna, Italy.
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