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Davison KM, Araujo Almeida V, Gondara L. Lower Energy-Adjusted Nutrient Intakes Occur Among Food Energy Under-Reporters With Poor Mental Health. Front Nutr 2022; 9:833354. [PMID: 36003837 PMCID: PMC9393501 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.833354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Food energy under-reporting is differentially distributed among populations. Currently, little is known about how mental health state may affect energy-adjusted nutrient intakes among food energy under-reporters. Methods Stratified analysis of energy-adjusted nutrient intake by mental health (poor vs. good) and age/sex was conducted using data from Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS) respondents (14–70 years; n = 8,233) who were deemed as under-reporters based on Goldberg's cutoffs. Results Most were experiencing good mental health (95.2%). Among those reporting poor mental health, significantly lower energy-adjusted nutrient intakes tended to be found for fiber, protein, vitamins A, B2, B3, B6, B9, B12, C, and D, and calcium, potassium, and zinc (probability measures (p) < 0.05). For women (51–70 years), all micronutrient intakes, except iron, were significantly lower among those reporting poor mental health (p < 0.05). For men (31–50 years), B vitamin and most mineral intakes, except sodium, were significantly lower among those reporting poor mental health (p < 0.05). Among women (31–50 years) who reported poor mental health, higher energy-adjusted intakes were reported for vitamin B9 and phosphorus (p < 0.05). Conclusions Among food energy under-reporters, poor mental health tends to lower the report of specific energy-adjusted nutrient intakes that include ones critical for mental health. Future research is needed to discern if these differences may be attributed to deviations in the accurate reports of food intakes, measurement errors, or mental health states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen M Davison
- Health Science, Kwantlen Polytechnic University, Richmond, BC, Canada
| | - Vanessa Araujo Almeida
- College of Tropical Agriculture & Human Resources, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, United States
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Wagner J, Bermudez-Millan A, Buckley T, Buxton OM, Feinn R, Kong S, Kuoch T, Nahmod NG, Scully M. A randomized trial to decrease risk for diabetes among Cambodian Americans with depression: Intervention development, baseline characteristics and process outcomes. Contemp Clin Trials 2021; 106:106427. [PMID: 33957272 PMCID: PMC8312406 DOI: 10.1016/j.cct.2021.106427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Background: Depression and antidepressant medications are associated with increased risk for type 2 diabetes. It is not known if diabetes can be prevented in the setting of depression. Cambodian Americans have high rates of both depression and diabetes. This paper reports intervention development, experimental design, baseline characteristics, and process outcomes of diabetes prevention interventions for Cambodian Americans with depression, “Diabetes Risk Reduction through Eat, Walk, Sleep and Medication Therapy Management” (DREAM). Methods: Participants were aged 35–75, Khmer speaking, at high risk for developing diabetes, and met criteria for likely depression by either a) antidepressant medication and/or b) elevated depressive symptoms at two time-points during a study eligibility period. Treatment arms were: 1) community health educator (CHE) delivered lifestyle intervention called Eat, Walk, Sleep (EWS), 2) EWS plus pharmacist/CHE-delivered medication therapy management (EWS + MTM), and, 3) social services (SS; control). Results: 188 participants were randomized. Treatment fidelity was high (98% checklist adherence) and on a scale from 0 to 3, participants reported high EWS treatment satisfaction (M = 2.9, SD = 0.2), group cohesion (M = 2.9, SD = 0.3), and therapeutic alliance to CHEs (M = 2.9, SD = 0.2) and to pharmacists (2.9, SD = 0.3). Attendance was challenging but highly successful; in EWS, 99% attended ≥ one session and 86% completed ≥ 24 sessions, M = 27.3 (SD = 3.7) sessions. Of those randomized to EWS + MTM, 98% attended at least one MTM session and 77%) completed ≥ 4 sessions. Retention was high, 95% at 12-month and 96% at 15-month assessments. Conclusions: The interventions were successfully implemented. Lessons learned and suggestions for future trials are offered. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02502929
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Wagner
- UConn Schools of Medicine and Dental Medicine, USA.
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Salagre E, Vizuete A, Leite M, Brownstein D, McGuinness A, Jacka F, Dodd S, Stubbs B, Köhler C, Vieta E, Carvalho A, Berk M, Fernandes B. Homocysteine as a peripheral biomarker in bipolar disorder: A meta-analysis. Eur Psychiatry 2020; 43:81-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.02.482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Revised: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractBackground:Bipolar disorder (BD) is a psychiatric disorder with an uncertain aetiology. Recently, special attention has been given to homocysteine (Hcy), as it has been suggested that alterations in 1-carbon metabolism might be implicated in diverse psychiatric disorders. However, there is uncertainty regarding possible alterations in peripheral Hcy levels in BD.Methods:This study comprises a meta-analysis comparing serum and plasma Hcy levels in persons with BD and healthy controls. We conducted a systematic search for all eligible English and non-English peer-reviewed articles.Results:Nine cross-sectional studies were included in the meta-analyses, providing data on 1547 participants. Random-effects meta-analysis showed that serum and plasma levels of Hcy were increased in subjects with BD in either mania or euthymia when compared to healthy controls, with a large effect size in the mania group (g= 0.98, 95% CI: 0.8–1.17,P< 0.001,n= 495) and a small effect in the euthymia group (g= 0.3, 95% CI: 0.11–0.48,P= 0.002,n= 1052).Conclusions:Our meta-analysis provides evidence that Hcy levels are elevated in persons with BD during mania and euthymia. Peripheral Hcy could be considered as a potential biomarker in BD, both of trait (since it is increased in euthymia), and also of state (since its increase is more accentuated in mania). Longitudinal studies are needed to clarify the relationship between bipolar disorder and Hcy, as well as the usefulness of peripheral Hcy as both a trait and state biomarker in BD.
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Hsieh YC, Chou LS, Lin CH, Wu HC, Li DJ, Tseng PT. Serum folate levels in bipolar disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Psychiatry 2019; 19:305. [PMID: 31640634 PMCID: PMC6805488 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-019-2269-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bipolar disorder (BD) is a major psychiatric illness, however its physiopathology is unclear. The role of folate in the physiopathology of BD is controversial. We conducted this systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the effect of folate in BD patients. METHODS We performed a thorough literature study of the PubMed, Embase, ScienceDirect, ClinicalKey, Cochrane Library, ProQuest, Web of Science, and ClinicalTrials.gov databases until December 21st, 2018. Random effects meta-analysis was conducted. RESULTS Six articles involving 481 patients with BD and 760 controls were included. The meta-analysis results suggested that serum folate levels in the patients with BD were significantly lower than those in the controls (Hedges' g = - 0.211, 95% confidence interval = - 0.391 to - 0.031, p = 0.021). CONCLUSION The current meta-analysis show it might be association between lower serum folate levels and patient with BD. However, we could not distinguish the potentially confounding effects of mood states on the folate levels. Further prospective studies including subjects with different mood states and possible physiopathology are warranted to investigate the association between folate deficiency and the etiology of BD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yung-Chi Hsieh
- 0000 0004 0582 5722grid.414813.bKaohsiung Municipal Kai-Syuan Psychiatric Hospital, No.130, Kaisyuan 2nd Rd., Lingya Dist, Kaohsiung City, 802 Taiwan
| | - Li-Shiu Chou
- 0000 0004 0582 5722grid.414813.bKaohsiung Municipal Kai-Syuan Psychiatric Hospital, No.130, Kaisyuan 2nd Rd., Lingya Dist, Kaohsiung City, 802 Taiwan
| | - Ching-Hua Lin
- 0000 0004 0582 5722grid.414813.bKaohsiung Municipal Kai-Syuan Psychiatric Hospital, No.130, Kaisyuan 2nd Rd., Lingya Dist, Kaohsiung City, 802 Taiwan
| | - Hung-Chi Wu
- 0000 0004 0582 5722grid.414813.bKaohsiung Municipal Kai-Syuan Psychiatric Hospital, No.130, Kaisyuan 2nd Rd., Lingya Dist, Kaohsiung City, 802 Taiwan
| | - Dian-Jeng Li
- Kaohsiung Municipal Kai-Syuan Psychiatric Hospital, No.130, Kaisyuan 2nd Rd., Lingya Dist, Kaohsiung City, 802, Taiwan.
| | - Ping-Tao Tseng
- WinShine Clinics in Specialty of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan. .,Prospect Clinic for Otorhinolaryngology & Neurology, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan.
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Choi HG, Kim EJ, Lee YK, Kim M. The risk of herpes zoster virus infection in patients with depression: A longitudinal follow-up study using a national sample cohort. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e17430. [PMID: 31577760 PMCID: PMC6783196 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000017430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The features of herpes zoster share some commonalities with depression, including decreased cellular immunity, a close correlation with nutritional status, and a higher prevalence in the elderly population. We aimed to assess the association between herpes zoster infection and depression in the Korean population.We performed a longitudinal follow-up study of a nationwide sample cohort derived from the Korean National Health Insurance Service database. Individuals diagnosed with depression between 2002 and 2013 (n = 58,278) as well as matched controls (n = 233,112), with both groups comprising 34.3% male and 65.7% female subjects, were extracted and analyzed for the presence of herpes zoster infection. Depression was diagnosed based on the International Classification of Diseases tenth revision (ICD-10) codes F31-F39, while herpes zoster was diagnosed as ICD-10 B02.The rate of herpes zoster infection was higher in the depressed group (6.8% [3967/58,278]) than in the control group (6.3% [14,689/233,122], P < .001). The adjusted hazard ratio (HR) for herpes zoster infection was 1.09 (95% CI: 1.05-1.13) in the depressed group (P < .001). Subgroup analyses revealed that the adjusted HRs for herpes zoster infection were higher only in women younger than 60 years among participants with depression. These HRs were 1.13 (95% CI: 1.02-1.25; P = .016) in women younger than 40 years and 1.11 (95% CI: 1.04-1.17; P < .001) in women aged 40-59 years.Depression is a predictor of herpes zoster infection in Korean women younger than 60 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo Geun Choi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang
| | - Eui-Joong Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Eulji University Eulji Hospital, Seoul
| | - Young Kyung Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Miyoung Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Republic of Korea
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Independent associations and effect modification between lifetime substance use and recent mood disorder diagnosis with household food insecurity. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0191072. [PMID: 29360862 PMCID: PMC5779657 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0191072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Accepted: 12/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Poor mental health and substance use are associated with food insecurity, however, their potential combined effects have not been studied. This study explored independent associations and effect modification between lifetime substance use and mood disorder in relation to food insecurity. Poisson regression analysis of data from British Columbia respondents (n = 13,450; 12 years+) in the 2007/08 Canadian Community Health Survey was conducted. Measures included The Household Food Security Survey Module (7.3% food insecure), recent diagnosis of a mood disorder (self-reported; 9.5%), lifetime use of cannabis, cocaine/crack, ecstasy, hallucinogens, and speed, any lifetime substance use, sociodemographic covariates, and the interaction terms of mood disorder by substance. For those with recent diagnosis of a mood disorder the prevalence of lifetime substance use ranged between 1.2 to 5.7% and were significantly higher than those without recent mood disorder diagnosis or lifetime use of substances (p’s < 0.05). For respondents with a recent mood disorder diagnosis or who used cannabis, food insecurity prevalence was higher compared to the general sample (p < 0.001); prevalence was lower for cocaine/crack use (p < 0.05). Significant effect modification was found between mood disorder with cannabis, ecstasy, hallucinogen and any substance use over the lifetime (PRs 0.51 to 0.64, p’s 0.022 to 0.001). Independent associations were found for cocaine/crack and speed use (PRs 1.68, p’s < 0.001) and mood disorder (PRs 2.02, p’s < 0.001). Based on these findings and the existing literature, future study about coping and resilience in the context of substance use, mental health, and food insecurity may lead to the development of relevant interventions aimed at mental well-being and food security.
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Bird JK, Murphy RA, Ciappio ED, McBurney MI. Risk of Deficiency in Multiple Concurrent Micronutrients in Children and Adults in the United States. Nutrients 2017; 9:nu9070655. [PMID: 28672791 PMCID: PMC5537775 DOI: 10.3390/nu9070655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Revised: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Certain population sub-groups in the United States are vulnerable to micronutrient malnutrition. Nationally representative data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) describing the biochemical status of vitamins A, B6, B12, C, D, E, folate, and anemia, were aggregated to determine the overall risk of multiple concurrent deficiencies in U.S. children and adults (n = 15,030) aged >9 years. The prevalence of deficiency risk according to socio-demographic, life-stage, dietary supplement use, and dietary adequacy categories was investigated. Thirty-one percent of the U.S. population was at risk of at least one vitamin deficiency or anemia, with 23%, 6.3%, and 1.7% of the U.S. population at risk of deficiency in 1, 2, or 3-5 vitamins or anemia, respectively. A significantly higher deficiency risk was seen in women (37%), non-Hispanic blacks (55%), individuals from low income households (40%), or without a high school diploma (42%), and underweight (42%) or obese individuals (39%). A deficiency risk was most common in women 19-50 years (41%), and pregnant or breastfeeding women (47%). Dietary supplement non-users had the highest risk of any deficiency (40%), compared to users of full-spectrum multivitamin-multimineral supplements (14%) and other dietary supplement users (28%). Individuals consuming an adequate diet based on the Estimated Average Requirement had a lower risk of any deficiency (16%) than those with an inadequate diet (57%). Nearly one-third of the U.S. population is at risk of deficiency in at least one vitamin, or has anemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia K Bird
- Nutrition Innovation Center, Human Nutrition and Health, DSM Nutritional Products, Kaiseraugst CH-4303, Switzerland.
| | - Rachel A Murphy
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada.
| | - Eric D Ciappio
- Scientific Affairs, DSM Nutritional Products, Parsippany, NJ 07054, USA.
| | - Michael I McBurney
- Scientific Affairs, DSM Nutritional Products, Parsippany, NJ 07054, USA.
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Davison KM, Gondara L, Kaplan BJ. Food Insecurity, Poor Diet Quality, and Suboptimal Intakes of Folate and Iron Are Independently Associated with Perceived Mental Health in Canadian Adults. Nutrients 2017; 9:E274. [PMID: 28335418 PMCID: PMC5372937 DOI: 10.3390/nu9030274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2017] [Revised: 03/04/2017] [Accepted: 03/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To address nutrition-related population mental health data gaps, we examined relationships among food insecurity, diet quality, and perceived mental health. METHODS Stratified and logistic regression analyses of respondents aged 19-70 years from the Canadian Community Health Survey, Cycle 2.2 were conducted (n = 15,546). Measures included the Household Food Security Survey Module, diet quality (i.e., comparisons to the Dietary Reference Intakes, Healthy Eating Index), perceived mental health (poor versus good), sociodemographics, and smoking. RESULTS In this sample, 6.9% were food insecure and 4.5% reported poor mental health. Stratified analysis of food security and mental health status by age/gender found associations for poor diet quality, protein, fat, fibre, and several micronutrients (p-values < 0.05); those who were food insecure tended to have higher suboptimal intakes (p-values < 0.05). After adjustment for covariates, associations in relation to mental health emerged for food insecurity (OR = 1.60, 95% CI 1.45-1.71), poor diet quality (1.61, 95% CI 1.34-1.81), and suboptimal intakes of folate (OR = 1.58, 95% CI 1.17-1.90) and iron (OR = 1.45, 95% CI 1.23-1.88). CONCLUSIONS Population approaches that improve food security and intakes of high quality diets may protect people from poor mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen M Davison
- School of Nursing, University of British Columbia and Health Science Program, Department of Biology, Kwantlen Polytechnic University, Surrey, BC V3W 2M8, Canada.
| | - Lovedeep Gondara
- Department of Computer Science, University of Illinois Springfield and Department of Computer Science, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada.
| | - Bonnie J Kaplan
- Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada.
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McCabe D, Lisy K, Lockwood C, Colbeck M. The impact of essential fatty acid, B vitamins, vitamin C, magnesium and zinc supplementation on stress levels in women: a systematic review. JBI DATABASE OF SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS AND IMPLEMENTATION REPORTS 2017; 15:402-453. [PMID: 28178022 DOI: 10.11124/jbisrir-2016-002965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Women juggling multiple roles in our complex society are increasingly experiencing psychological stress. Dietary supplementation to manage stress is widespread despite limited supporting evidence. A systematic review of the available literature was undertaken to investigate the efficacy of specific dietary supplements in managing female stress and anxiety. OBJECTIVES To identify the impact of essential fatty acids (EFAs), B vitamins, vitamin C, magnesium and/or zinc, consumed as dietary supplements to the daily diet, on female stress and anxiety levels. INCLUSION CRITERIA TYPES OF PARTICIPANTS Women aged 18 years and over, who had participated in a study where stress and/or anxiety were assessed. TYPES OF INTERVENTION(S) Dietary supplementation with EFAs, B vitamins, vitamin C, magnesium and/or zinc. TYPES OF COMPARATORS Supplements, either alone or combined, were compared with either no intervention or placebo. TYPES OF STUDIES Randomized controlled and pseudo-randomized trials were included. OUTCOMES Stress and anxiety were assessed using self-report or physiological outcome measures. SEARCH STRATEGY Published and unpublished studies were sought via MEDLINE (via PubMed), Embase, Scopus, CINAHL, PsycINFO, PsycARTICLES, MedNar, National Institute of Mental Health and the International Association for Women's Mental Health. METHODOLOGICAL QUALITY Methodological quality was evaluated using standardized critical appraisal instruments from the Joanna Briggs Institute. DATA EXTRACTION Data were extracted using the standardized data extraction instruments from the Joanna Briggs Institute. DATA SYNTHESIS Due to heterogeneity of the included studies, narrative synthesis was performed. RESULTS Fourteen studies were included in this review. Essential fatty acids were effective in reducing perceived stress and salivary cortisol levels during pregnancy and anxiety in premenstrual women, and anxiety during menopause in the absence of depression, but were ineffective when depression was disregarded. Disregarding the hormonal phase, EFAs were ineffective in reducing stress or anxiety in four groups of women. Combined magnesium and vitamin B6 supplementation reduced premenstrual anxiety but had no effect when used in isolation and did not affect stress in women suffering from dysmenorrhea when combined or used in isolation. Older women experienced anxiety reduction using vitamin B6, but not folate or vitamin B12. High-dose sustained-release vitamin C was effective in reducing anxiety and blood pressure in response to stress. CONCLUSION The current review suggests that EFAs may be effective in reducing prenatal stress and salivary cortisol and may reduce anxiety during premenstrual syndrome and during menopause in the absence of depression. Magnesium and vitamin B6 may be effective in combination in reducing premenstrual stress, and vitamin B6 alone may reduce anxiety effectively in older women. High-dose sustained-release vitamin C may reduce anxiety and mitigate increased blood pressure in response to stress. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE Essential fatty acids may be effective in reducing prenatal stress and salivary cortisol levels, and premenstrual or menopausal anxiety in the absence of depression. Combining magnesium and vitamin B6 may reduce premenstrual anxiety and vitamin B6 may reduce anxiety in older women. High-dose sustained-release vitamin C may reduce anxiety and mitigate increased blood pressure in response to stress. IMPLICATIONS FOR RESEARCH Investigating supplementation in longer term studies is warranted and should include compliance testing, the use of inert substances as controls and reliable outcome measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delia McCabe
- The Joanna Briggs Institute, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
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Training Cambodian Village Health Support Guides in Diabetes Prevention: Effects on Guides' Knowledge and Teaching Activities Over 6 Months. Int J Behav Med 2016; 23:162-7. [PMID: 26438042 DOI: 10.1007/s12529-015-9515-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes is a pressing public health concern in Cambodia, a country with limited human resource capacity due to genocide. Cambodian village health support guides (Guides) promote health at the local level. PURPOSE This paper reports preliminary results of training Guides in diabetes prevention. METHOD The curriculum, called Eat, Walk, Sleep was delivered to Guides in Siem Reap province once over 3 h. Participants completed a pretest and posttest on diabetes knowledge. Guides were offered continuing education through Eat, Walk, Sleep resources and were encouraged to teach Eat, Walk, Sleep in their villages. For each of 6 months following their training, Guides completed a checklist regarding their activities. RESULTS One hundred eighty-five Guides attended one of ten trainings. Knowledge scores increased significantly from pretest to posttest. During 6 months of follow-up, n = 159 Guides (85 %) completed at least one monthly checklist. Guides reported high rates of uptake and delivery of the Eat, Walk, Sleep curriculum and moderate rates of continuing education about diabetes. CONCLUSION Diabetes prevention in Cambodia is nascent. Guides show excellent uptake and dissemination of the curriculum. Future research should examine effect of support for Guide activities and the effect of the curriculum on villager health behaviors, and ultimately, on rates of type 2 diabetes.
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BAUER ISABELLEE, GÁLVEZ JUANF, HAMILTON JANEE, BALANZÁ-MARTÍNEZ VICENT, ZUNTA-SOARES GIOVANA, SOARES JAIRC, MEYER THOMASD. Lifestyle interventions targeting dietary habits and exercise in bipolar disorder: A systematic review. J Psychiatr Res 2016; 74:1-7. [PMID: 26724541 PMCID: PMC4744495 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2015.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2015] [Revised: 11/19/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bipolar disorder (BD) is a serious mental illness associated with a high risk of medical comorbidities, long-term disability and premature death. This systematic review examined the current literature on therapeutic interventions targeting nutrition, physical activity and wellness in BD and collecting health-related measures such as mood and course of illness. METHODS Scopus (all databases), Pubmed and Ovid Medline were systematically searched with no language or year restrictions, up to June 2015, for studies focusing on lifestyle interventions in BD. Search terms were related to bipolar disorder, nutrition, physical activity, wellbeing, psychosocial interventions and course of illness. We hand searched content pages of Bipolar Disorders and Journal of Affective Disorders and checked references of relevant reviews and dissertations to identify additional papers. RESULTS After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria to identified hits, this literature search retrieved six papers. Overall findings point towards a beneficial role of lifestyle interventions on mood, weight, blood pressure, lipid profile, physical activity and overall wellbeing. Methodological limitations include small sample size, gender ratio imbalance, inconsistencies in terms of laboratory measures, and lack of randomized controlled trials and absence of follow-up and longitudinal studies to determine the benefits of these factors on clinical and functional outcomes over time CONCLUSIONS Lifestyle interventions in BD targeting nutrition, exercise, wellbeing alongside beliefs, coping strategies and attitudes towards health show promise in reducing the risk of comorbid ailments in BD. There is still a strong need for studies a) developing interventions which are informed by the patient's input and b) examining the effectiveness of such interventions targeting general wellness using well-controlled trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- ISABELLE E. BAUER
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences. University of Texas Health Science Center. Houston, TX. USA,Corresponding author: Thomas D. Meyer, Ph.D., University of Texas HSC at Houston, UT Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, Biomedical and Behavioral Sciences Building (BBSB), 1941 East Rd Suite 3118 Houston, TX 77054, USA.
| | - JUAN F. GÁLVEZ
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences. University of Texas Health Science Center. Houston, TX. USA,Department of Psychiatry. Pontificia Universidad Javeriana School of Medicine. Bogotá, Colombia,Corresponding author: Thomas D. Meyer, Ph.D., University of Texas HSC at Houston, UT Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, Biomedical and Behavioral Sciences Building (BBSB), 1941 East Rd Suite 3118 Houston, TX 77054, USA.
| | - JANE E. HAMILTON
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences. University of Texas Health Science Center. Houston, TX. USA
| | - VICENT BALANZÁ-MARTÍNEZ
- Teaching Unit of Psychiatry, Department of Medicine, La Fe University and Polytechnic Hospital, University of Valencia, CIBERSAM, ISNPR, Valencia, Spain
| | - GIOVANA ZUNTA-SOARES
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences. University of Texas Health Science Center. Houston, TX. USA
| | - JAIR C. SOARES
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences. University of Texas Health Science Center. Houston, TX. USA
| | - THOMAS D. MEYER
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences. University of Texas Health Science Center. Houston, TX. USA,Corresponding author: Thomas D. Meyer, Ph.D., University of Texas HSC at Houston, UT Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, Biomedical and Behavioral Sciences Building (BBSB), 1941 East Rd Suite 3118 Houston, TX 77054, USA.
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Wagner J, Berthold SM, Buckley T, Kong S, Kuoch T, Scully M. Diabetes among refugee populations: what newly arriving refugees can learn from resettled Cambodians. Curr Diab Rep 2015; 15:56. [PMID: 26143533 DOI: 10.1007/s11892-015-0618-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A growing body of literature suggests that cardiometabolic disease generally and type 2 diabetes specifically are problems among refugee groups. This paper reviews rates of cardiometabolic disease and type 2 diabetes among refugees and highlights their unique risk factors including history of malnutrition, psychiatric disorders, psychiatric medications, lifestyle changes toward urbanization and industrialization, social isolation, and a poor profile on the social determinants of health. Promising interventions are presented for preventing and treating diabetes in these groups. Such interventions emphasize well-coordinated medical and mental health care delivered by cross-cultural and multidisciplinary teams including community health workers that are well integrated into the community. Finally, recommendations for service, policy, and research are made. The authors draw on local data and clinical experience of our collective work with Cambodian American refugees whose 30-year trajectory illustrates the consequences of ignoring diabetes and its risk factors in more recent, and soon to be arriving, refugee cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Wagner
- University of Connecticut Health Center, MC3910, 263 Farmington Ave., Farmington, CT, 06030, USA,
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Davison KM, Marshall-Fabien GL, Tecson A. Association of moderate and severe food insecurity with suicidal ideation in adults: national survey data from three Canadian provinces. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2015; 50:963-72. [PMID: 25652592 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-015-1018-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2014] [Accepted: 01/27/2015] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Although the important public health issues of food insecurity and suicide may be interconnected, they are rarely studied. Using data from a national survey, we examined whether household food insecurity was associated with suicidal ideation after adjusting for relevant covariates. METHODS We examined cross-sectional data from three Canadian provinces (n = 5,270) that were derived from the 2007 Canadian Community Health Survey and included adults (18+ years). Suicidal ideation was based on affirmative response to the question of whether or not the participant had seriously considered committing suicide in the previous 12 months. The Household Food Security Survey Module provided measures of moderate (indication of compromise in quality and/or quantity of food consumed) and severe (indication of reduced food intake and disrupted eating patterns) food insecurity status. Logistic regression determined associations between food insecurity and suicidal ideation with adjustment for demographics, body mass index, and presence of a mood disorder. RESULTS There were differences in the proportion experiencing suicide ideation according to moderate (14.7 vs 10.0 % without suicide ideation) and severe (16.4 vs 7.1 % without suicide ideation) food security (p < 0.001). With covariate adjustment, suicidal ideation was significantly associated with moderate (adjusted OR = 1.32, 95 % CI 1.06-1.64) and severe (adjusted OR = 1.77, 95 % CI 1.42-2.23) food insecurity. CONCLUSIONS The findings of a robust association between food insecurity and suicidal ideation suggest that interventions targeted at food security may reduce suicide-related morbidity and mortality. Longitudinal investigations that examine various dimensions of food insecurity will advance understanding of etiological pathways involved in food insecurity and suicide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen M Davison
- School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, T201 2211 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 2B5, Canada,
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Dietary intake of minerals in relation to depressive symptoms in Japanese employees: The Furukawa Nutrition and Health Study. Nutrition 2015; 31:686-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2014.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2014] [Revised: 10/24/2014] [Accepted: 11/01/2014] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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Davison KM, Kaplan BJ. Food insecurity in adults with mood disorders: prevalence estimates and associations with nutritional and psychological health. Ann Gen Psychiatry 2015; 14:21. [PMID: 26185523 PMCID: PMC4504128 DOI: 10.1186/s12991-015-0059-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2015] [Accepted: 07/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Because little is known about food insecurity in people with mental health conditions, we investigated relationships among food insecurity, nutrient intakes, and psychological functioning in adults with mood disorders. METHODS Data from a study of adults randomly selected from the membership list of the Mood Disorder Association of British Columbia (n = 97), Canada, were analyzed. Food insecurity status was based on validated screening questions asking if in the past 12 months did the participant, due to a lack of money, worry about or not have enough food to eat. Nutrient intakes were derived from 3-day food records and compared to the Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs). Psychological functioning measures included Global Assessment of Functioning, Hamilton Depression scale, and Young Mania Rating Scale. Using binomial tests of two proportions, Mann-Whitney U tests, and Poisson regression we examined: (1) food insecurity prevalence between the study respondents and a general population sample from the British Columbia Nutrition Survey (BCNS; n = 1,823); (2) differences in nutrient intakes based on food insecurity status; and (3) associations of food insecurity and psychological functioning using bivariate and Poisson regression statistics. RESULTS In comparison to the general population (BCNS), food insecurity was significantly more prevalent in the adults with mood disorders (7.3% in BCNS vs 36.1%; p < 0.001). Respondents who were food-insecure had lower median intakes of carbohydrates and vitamin C (p < 0.05). In addition, a higher proportion of those reporting food insecurity had protein, folate, and zinc intakes below the DRI benchmark of potential inadequacy (p < 0.05). There was significant association between food insecurity and mania symptoms (adjusted prevalence ratio = 2.37, 95% CI 1.49-3.75, p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Food insecurity is associated with both nutritional and psychological health in adults with mood disorders. Investigation of interventions aimed at food security and income can help establish its role in enhancing mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen M Davison
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB Canada.,Department of Biology, Health Science Program, Kwantlen Polytechnic University, 12666 72nd Avenue, Surrey, BC V3W 2M8 Canada
| | - Bonnie J Kaplan
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB Canada.,The Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Calgary, AB Canada
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Yaremco E, Inglis A, Innis SM, Hippman C, Carrion P, Lamers Y, Honer WG, Austin J. Red blood cell folate levels in pregnant women with a history of mood disorders: a case series. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 97:416-20. [PMID: 23760977 DOI: 10.1002/bdra.23144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2012] [Revised: 03/22/2013] [Accepted: 04/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maternal folate supplementation reduces offspring risk for neural tube defects (NTDs) and other congenital abnormalities. Maternal red blood cell (RBC) folate concentrations of >906 nmol/L have been associated with the lowest risk of having a neural tube defect affected pregnancy. Mood disorders (e.g., depression, bipolar disorder) are common among women and can be associated with folate deficiency. Thus, pregnant women with histories of mood disorders may be prone to RBC folate levels insufficient to provide optimal protection against neural tube defects. Although previous studies have assessed RBC folate concentrations in pregnant women from the general population, none have looked specifically at a group of pregnant women who have a history of a mood disorder. METHODS We collected data about RBC folate concentrations and folic acid supplement intake during early pregnancy (<161 days gestation) from n = 24 women with histories of mood disorders. We also collected information about offspring congenital abnormalities and birth weight. RESULTS Among women with histories of mood disorders, the mean RBC folate concentration was 674 nmol/L (range, 362-1105 nmol/L). Only 12.5% (n = 3) of the women had RBC folate concentrations >906 nmol/L, despite all participants reporting current daily use of folic acid supplements. Data regarding offspring were available for 22 women: birth weights ranged from 2296 g to 4819 g, and congenital abnormalities were identified in two (hypoplastic left heart, annular pancreas). CONCLUSION Data from this exploratory case series suggest a need for future larger scale controlled studies investigating RBC folate concentrations in early pregnancy and offspring outcomes among women with and without histories of mood disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elyse Yaremco
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Sylvia LG, Peters AT, Deckersbach T, Nierenberg AA. Nutrient-based therapies for bipolar disorder: a systematic review. PSYCHOTHERAPY AND PSYCHOSOMATICS 2013; 82:10-9. [PMID: 23147067 DOI: 10.1159/000341309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2011] [Accepted: 06/22/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pharmacotherapy is the first line of treatment for bipolar disorder, but many patients continue to experience persistent subthreshold symptoms. Alternative adjunct treatments, including nutritional therapies, may have the potential to alleviate residual symptoms and improve the outcomes of standard pharmacotherapy. The aim of this paper is to critically review the current clinical evidence and mechanisms of action of nutrient-based therapies alone or in combination with commonly used pharmacotherapies for mania and bipolar depression. METHODS We conducted a Medline search for clinical trials conducted with humans, published in English from 1960 to 2012 using nutritional supplements such as n-3, chromium, inositol, choline, magnesium, folate and tryptophan alone or in combination with pharmacotherapies for the treatment of bipolar disorder. RESULTS Preliminary data yields conflicting but mainly positive evidence for the use of n-3 fatty acids and chromium in the treatment of bipolar depression. Limited evidence found that inositol may be helpful for bipolar depression, but larger sample sizes are needed. Preliminary randomized, controlled trials suggest that choline, magnesium, folate and tryptophan may be beneficial for reducing symptoms of mania. CONCLUSIONS Given the potential public health impact of identifying adjunct treatments that improve psychiatric as well as physical health outcomes, nutritional treatments appear promising for the management of bipolar disorder but require further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louisa G Sylvia
- Bipolar Clinic and Research Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
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Davison KM, Kaplan BJ. Nutrient- and non-nutrient-based natural health product (NHP) use in adults with mood disorders: prevalence, characteristics and potential for exposure to adverse events. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2013; 13:80. [PMID: 23570306 PMCID: PMC3626531 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-13-80] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2012] [Accepted: 03/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To address knowledge gaps regarding natural health product (NHP) usage in mental health populations, we examined their use in adults with mood disorders, and explored the potential for adverse events. METHODS Food and NHP intake was obtained from 97 adults with mood disorders. NHP data was used to compare prevalence with population norms (British Columbia Nutrition Survey; BCNS). Bivariate and regression analyses examined factors associated with NHP use. Assessment of potential adverse effects of NHP use was based on comparing nutrient intakes from food plus supplements with the Dietary Reference Intakes and by reviewing databases for reported adverse health effects. RESULTS Two-thirds (66%; 95% CI 56 to 75) were taking at least one NHP; 58% (95% CI 47 to 68) were taking NHPs in combination with psychiatric medications. The proportion of each type of NHP used was generally higher than the BCNS (range of p's < 0.05 to 0.0001). When intakes from food and NHP sources were combined, a small proportion exceeded any Lowest-Observed-Adverse-Effect-Levels: only for niacin (n = 17) and magnesium (n = 6), two nutrients for which the potential for adverse effects is minimal. Conversely, about 38% (95% CI 28 to 49) of the sample were taking a non-nutrient based NHP for which previous adverse events had been documented. CONCLUSIONS The prevalent use of NHPs in this population suggests that health care providers need to be knowledgeable about their characteristics. The efficacy and safety of NHPs in relation to mental health warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen M Davison
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- University of British Columbia, School of Population and Public Health, 2206 East Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Bonnie J Kaplan
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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Balta I, Ekiz O, Ozuguz P, Sen BB, Balta S, Cakar M, Demirkol S. Nutritional anemia in reproductive age women with postadolescent acne. Cutan Ocul Toxicol 2013; 32:200-3. [DOI: 10.3109/15569527.2012.751393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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