1
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Liang XY, Liu AL, Shawn Fan HJ, Wang L, Xu ZN, Ding XG, Huang BS. TsOH-catalyzed acyl migration reaction of the Bz-group: innovative assembly of various building blocks for the synthesis of saccharides. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:1537-1548. [PMID: 36723045 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob02052a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
We developed an efficient method to achieve the regioselective acyl migration of benzoyl ester. In all the cases, the reactions required only the commercially available organic acid catalyst TsOH·H2O. This method enables the benzoyl group to migrate from secondary groups to primary hydroxyl groups, or from equatorial secondary hydroxyl groups to axial hydroxyl groups. The 1,2 or 1,3 acyl migration would potentially occur via five- and six-membered cyclic ortho acid intermediates. A wide range of orthogonally protected monosaccharides, which are useful intermediates for the synthesis of natural oligosaccharides, were synthesized. Finally, to demonstrate the utility of the method, a tetrasaccharide portion from a mycobacterial cell wall polysaccharide was assembled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing-Yong Liang
- School of Chemistry Engineering, Sichuan University of Science & Engineering, Zigong 643000, China.
| | - An-Lin Liu
- School of Chemistry Engineering, Sichuan University of Science & Engineering, Zigong 643000, China.
| | - Hua-Jun Shawn Fan
- School of Chemistry Engineering, Sichuan University of Science & Engineering, Zigong 643000, China.
| | - Lei Wang
- School of Chemistry Engineering, Sichuan University of Science & Engineering, Zigong 643000, China.
| | - Zhi-Ning Xu
- School of Chemistry Engineering, Sichuan University of Science & Engineering, Zigong 643000, China.
| | - Xin-Gang Ding
- School of Chemistry Engineering, Sichuan University of Science & Engineering, Zigong 643000, China.
| | - Bo-Shun Huang
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena, California 91125, USA.
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2
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Abstract
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Fluorinated
carbohydrates have found many applications in the glycosciences.
Typically, these contain fluorination at a single position. There
are not many applications involving polyfluorinated carbohydrates,
here defined as monosaccharides in which more than one carbon has
at least one fluorine substituent directly attached to it, with the
notable exception of their use as mechanism-based inhibitors. The
increasing attention to carbohydrate physical properties, especially
around lipophilicity, has resulted in a surge of interest for this
class of compounds. This review covers the considerable body of work
toward the synthesis of polyfluorinated hexoses, pentoses, ketosugars,
and aminosugars including sialic acids and nucleosides. An overview
of the current state of the art of their glycosidation is also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kler Huonnic
- School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, U.K
| | - Bruno Linclau
- School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, U.K.,Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, Campus Sterre, Krijgslaan 281-S4, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
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3
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Wheatley DE, Fontenelle CQ, Kuppala R, Szpera R, Briggs EL, Vendeville JB, Wells NJ, Light ME, Linclau B. Synthesis and Structural Characteristics of all Mono- and Difluorinated 4,6-Dideoxy-d- xylo-hexopyranoses. J Org Chem 2021; 86:7725-7756. [PMID: 34029099 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c00796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Protein-carbohydrate interactions are implicated in many biochemical/biological processes that are fundamental to life and to human health. Fluorinated carbohydrate analogues play an important role in the study of these interactions and find application as probes in chemical biology and as drugs/diagnostics in medicine. The availability and/or efficient synthesis of a wide variety of fluorinated carbohydrates is thus of great interest. Here, we report a detailed study on the synthesis of monosaccharides in which the hydroxy groups at their 4- and 6-positions are replaced by all possible mono- and difluorinated motifs. Minimization of protecting group use was a key aim. It was found that introducing electronegative substituents, either as protecting groups or as deoxygenation intermediates, was generally beneficial for increasing deoxyfluorination yields. A detailed structural study of this set of analogues demonstrated that dideoxygenation/fluorination at the 4,6-positions caused very little distortion both in the solid state and in aqueous solution. Unexpected trends in α/β anomeric ratios were identified. Increasing fluorine content always increased the α/β ratio, with very little difference between regio- or stereoisomers, except when 4,6-difluorinated.
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Affiliation(s)
- David E Wheatley
- School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ, U.K
| | - Clement Q Fontenelle
- School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ, U.K
| | - Ramakrishna Kuppala
- School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ, U.K
| | - Robert Szpera
- School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ, U.K
| | - Edward L Briggs
- School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ, U.K
| | | | - Neil J Wells
- School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ, U.K
| | - Mark E Light
- School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ, U.K
| | - Bruno Linclau
- School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ, U.K
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4
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Martínez JD, Manzano AI, Calviño E, Diego AD, Rodriguez de Francisco B, Romanò C, Oscarson S, Millet O, Gabius HJ, Jiménez-Barbero J, Cañada FJ. Fluorinated Carbohydrates as Lectin Ligands: Simultaneous Screening of a Monosaccharide Library and Chemical Mapping by 19F NMR Spectroscopy. J Org Chem 2020; 85:16072-16081. [PMID: 33258593 PMCID: PMC7773211 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c01830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Molecular recognition of carbohydrates is a key step in essential biological processes. Carbohydrate receptors can distinguish monosaccharides even if they only differ in a single aspect of the orientation of the hydroxyl groups or harbor subtle chemical modifications. Hydroxyl-by-fluorine substitution has proven its merits for chemically mapping the importance of hydroxyl groups in carbohydrate-receptor interactions. 19F NMR spectroscopy could thus be adapted to allow contact mapping together with screening in compound mixtures. Using a library of fluorinated glucose (Glc), mannose (Man), and galactose (Gal) derived by systematically exchanging every hydroxyl group by a fluorine atom, we developed a strategy combining chemical mapping and 19F NMR T2 filtering-based screening. By testing this strategy on the proof-of-principle level with a library of 13 fluorinated monosaccharides to a set of three carbohydrate receptors of diverse origin, i.e. the human macrophage galactose-type lectin, a plant lectin, Pisum sativum agglutinin, and the bacterial Gal-/Glc-binding protein from Escherichia coli, it became possible to simultaneously define their monosaccharide selectivity and identify the essential hydroxyls for interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Daniel Martínez
- CIC
bioGUNE, Basque Research Technology Alliance, BRTA, Bizkaia Technology Park, Building 800, 48160 Derio, Spain
| | - Ana I. Manzano
- Centro
de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, CSIC, Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Eva Calviño
- Centro
de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, CSIC, Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana de Diego
- Centro
de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, CSIC, Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Cecilia Romanò
- Centre
for Synthesis and Chemical Biology, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Stefan Oscarson
- Centre
for Synthesis and Chemical Biology, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Oscar Millet
- CIC
bioGUNE, Basque Research Technology Alliance, BRTA, Bizkaia Technology Park, Building 800, 48160 Derio, Spain
| | - Hans-Joachim Gabius
- Institute
of Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 80539 Munich, Germany
| | - Jesús Jiménez-Barbero
- CIC
bioGUNE, Basque Research Technology Alliance, BRTA, Bizkaia Technology Park, Building 800, 48160 Derio, Spain
- Ikerbasque,
Basque Foundation for Science, 48009 Bilbao, Spain
- Department
of Organic Chemistry II, Faculty of Science and Technology, UPV-EHU, 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Francisco J. Cañada
- Centro
de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, CSIC, Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Centro
de Investigación Biomédica en Red-Enfermedades Respiratorias
(CIBERES), Avda Monforte
de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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5
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Lin S, Ashmus RA, Lowary TL. An Oxidation-Amidation Approach for the Synthesis of Glycuronamides. European J Org Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201600239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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6
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Santschi N, Aiguabella N, Lewe V, Gilmour R. Delineating the physical organic profile of the 6-fluoro glycosyl donor. J Fluor Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2015.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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7
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Shih TL, Liao WY, Yen WC. Regioselective fluorination in synthesis of deoxyfluoro quercitols from d-(−)-quinic acid. Tetrahedron 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2014.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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8
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Gore KR, Harikrishna S, Pradeepkumar PI. Influence of 2'-fluoro versus 2'-O-methyl substituent on the sugar puckering of 4'-C-aminomethyluridine. J Org Chem 2013; 78:9956-62. [PMID: 24016294 DOI: 10.1021/jo4012333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we report the synthesis of 4'-C-aminomethyl-2'-deoxy-2'-fluorouridine, a therapeutically appealing RNA modification. Conformational analysis by DFT calculations and molecular dynamics simulations using trinucleotide model systems revealed that modified sugar adopts C3'-endo conformation. In this conformer, a weak intramolecular C-H···F H-bond between the hydrogen atom of the 4'-C-CH2 group and the F atom at the 2' position is observed. Comparative studies with unmodified, 2'-fluoro-, 2'-O-methyl-, and 4'-C-aminomethyl-2'-O-methyluridine showed the chemical nature of 2'-substituent dictates the sugar puckering of 2',4'-modified nucleotides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiran R Gore
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay , Mumbai 400076, India
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9
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Zou L, Zheng RB, Lowary TL. Studies on the substrate specificity of a GDP-mannose pyrophosphorylase from Salmonella enterica. Beilstein J Org Chem 2012; 8:1219-26. [PMID: 23019451 PMCID: PMC3458741 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.8.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2012] [Accepted: 06/29/2012] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of methoxy and deoxy derivatives of mannopyranose-1-phosphate (Manp-1P) were chemically synthesized, and their ability to be converted into the corresponding guanosine diphosphate mannopyranose (GDP-Manp) analogues by a pyrophosphorylase (GDP-ManPP) from Salmonella enterica was studied. Evaluation of methoxy analogues demonstrated that GDP-ManPP is intolerant of bulky substituents at the C-2, C-3, and C-4 positions, in turn suggesting that these positions are buried inside the enzyme active site. Additionally, both the 6-methoxy and 6-deoxy Manp-1P derivatives are good or moderate substrates for GDP-ManPP, thus indicating that the C-6 hydroxy group of the Manp-1P substrate is not required for binding to the enzyme. When taken into consideration with other previously published work, it appears that this enzyme has potential utility for the chemoenzymatic synthesis of GDP-Manp analogues, which are useful probes for studying enzymes that employ this sugar nucleotide as a substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Zou
- Alberta Glycomics Centre and Department of Chemistry, The University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2, Canada
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10
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Esmurziev AM, Reimers A, Andreassen T, Simic N, Sundby E, Hoff BH. Benzoylated uronic acid building blocks and synthesis of N-uronate conjugates of lamotrigine. Molecules 2012; 17:820-35. [PMID: 22269868 PMCID: PMC6268592 DOI: 10.3390/molecules17010820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2011] [Revised: 01/02/2012] [Accepted: 01/04/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
A chemoenzymatic approach towards benzoylated uronic acid building blocks has been investigated starting with benzoylated hexapyranosides using regioselective C-6 enzymatic hydrolysis as the key step. Two of the building blocks were reacted with the antiepileptic drug lamotrigine. Glucuronidation of lamotrigine using methyl (2,3,4-tri-O-benzoyl-α-D-glycopyranosyl bromide)uronate proceeded to give the N2-conjugate. However, lamotrigine-N2-glucuronide was most efficiently synthesised from methyl (2,3,4-tri-O-acetyl-α-D-glucopyranosyl bromide)uronate. Employing nitromethane as solvent with CdCO(3) as a base lamotrigine-N2 glucuronide was prepared in a high yield (41%). Also methyl (2,3-di-O-benzoyl-4-deoxy-4-fluoro-α-D-glucosyl bromide)uronate underwent N-glucuronidation, but the product was unstable, eliminating hydrogen fluoride to give the corresponding enoate conjugate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aslan M. Esmurziev
- Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Høgskoleringen 5, Trondheim NO-7491, Norway
- Sør-Trøndelag University College, E.C. Dahls Gate 2, Trondheim NO-7004, Norway
| | - Arne Reimers
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim NO-7491, Norway
| | - Trygve Andreassen
- Department of Biotechnology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim NO-7491, Norway
| | - Nebojsa Simic
- Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Høgskoleringen 5, Trondheim NO-7491, Norway
| | - Eirik Sundby
- Sør-Trøndelag University College, E.C. Dahls Gate 2, Trondheim NO-7004, Norway
| | - Bård Helge Hoff
- Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Høgskoleringen 5, Trondheim NO-7491, Norway
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