1
|
Di Martino J, Arcieri M, Madeddu F, Pieroni M, Carotenuto G, Bottoni P, Botta L, Castrignanò T, Gabellone S, Saladino R. Molecular Dynamics Investigations of Human DNA-Topoisomerase I Interacting with Novel Dewar Valence Photo-Adducts: Insights into Inhibitory Activity. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:234. [PMID: 38203410 PMCID: PMC10778928 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation is known to induce the formation of DNA photo-adducts, including cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPDs) and Dewar valence derivatives (DVs). While CPDs usually occur at higher frequency than DVs, recent studies have shown that the latter display superior selectivity and significant stability in interaction with the human DNA/topoisomerase 1 complex (TOP1). With the aim to deeply investigate the mechanism of interaction of DVs with TOP1, we report here four all-atom molecular dynamic simulations spanning one microsecond. These simulations are focused on the stability and conformational changes of two DNA/TOP1-DV complexes in solution, the data being compared with the biomimetic thymine dimer counterparts. Results from root-mean-square deviation (RMSD) and root-mean-square fluctuation (RMSF) analyses unequivocally confirmed increased stability of the DNA/TOP1-DV complexes throughout the simulation duration. Detailed interaction analyses, uncovering the presence of salt bridges, hydrogen bonds, water-mediated interactions, and hydrophobic interactions, as well as pinpointing the non-covalent interactions within the complexes, enabled the identification of specific TOP1 residues involved in the interactions over time and suggested a potential TOP1 inhibition mechanism in action.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Di Martino
- Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences, Tuscia University, Largo dell’Università snc, 01100 Viterbo, Italy; (J.D.M.); (R.S.)
| | - Manuel Arcieri
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark;
| | - Francesco Madeddu
- Department of Computer Science, “Sapienza” University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro, 5, 00185 Rome, Italy (M.P.); (P.B.)
| | - Michele Pieroni
- Department of Computer Science, “Sapienza” University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro, 5, 00185 Rome, Italy (M.P.); (P.B.)
| | - Giovanni Carotenuto
- Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences, Tuscia University, Largo dell’Università snc, 01100 Viterbo, Italy; (J.D.M.); (R.S.)
| | - Paolo Bottoni
- Department of Computer Science, “Sapienza” University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro, 5, 00185 Rome, Italy (M.P.); (P.B.)
| | - Lorenzo Botta
- Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences, Tuscia University, Largo dell’Università snc, 01100 Viterbo, Italy; (J.D.M.); (R.S.)
| | - Tiziana Castrignanò
- Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences, Tuscia University, Largo dell’Università snc, 01100 Viterbo, Italy; (J.D.M.); (R.S.)
| | - Sofia Gabellone
- Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences, Tuscia University, Largo dell’Università snc, 01100 Viterbo, Italy; (J.D.M.); (R.S.)
- Preclinic and Osteoncology Unit, Biosciences Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, 47014 Meldola, Italy
| | - Raffaele Saladino
- Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences, Tuscia University, Largo dell’Università snc, 01100 Viterbo, Italy; (J.D.M.); (R.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
La Sorda M, Fossati M, Graffeo R, Ferraironi M, De Rosa MC, Buzzonetti A, Righino B, Zampetti N, Fattorossi A, Nucera E, Aruanno A, Ferrandina G, Apostol AI, Buonomo A, Scambia G, Sanguinetti M, Battaglia A. A Modified Basophil Activation Test for the Clinical Management of Immediate Hypersensitivity Reactions to Paclitaxel: A Proof-of-Concept Study. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5818. [PMID: 38136365 PMCID: PMC10741873 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15245818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Immediate hypersensitivity reactions (iHSRs) to taxanes are observed in 6% and 4% of gynecologic and breast cancer patients, respectively. Drug desensitization is the only option, as no comparable alternative therapy is available. Surfactants in the taxane formulation have been implicated in the immunopathogenesis of iHSRs, although sporadic skin test (ST) positivity and iHSRs to nab-paclitaxel have suggested the involvement of the taxane moiety and/or IgE-mediated pathomechanisms. In vitro diagnostic tests might offer insights into mechanisms underlying iHSRs to taxanes. The aim of the present study was to address this unmet need by developing a novel basophil activation test (BAT). The study included patients (n = 31) undergoing paclitaxel/carboplatin therapy. Seventeen patients presented with iHSRs to paclitaxel (iHSR-Taxpos), and eleven were tolerant (iHSR-Taxneg). Fourteen patients presented with iHSRs to carboplatin (iHSR-Plpos), and fourteen were tolerant (iHSR-Plneg). The BAT median stimulation index (SI) values were 1.563 (range, 0.02-4.11; n = 11) and -0.28 (range -4.88-0.07, n = 11) in iHSR-Taxpos and iHSR-Taxneg, respectively. The BAT median SI values were 4.45 (range, 0.1-26.7; n = 14) and 0 (range, -0.51-1.65; n = 12) in iHSR-Plpos and iHSR-Plneg, respectively. SI levels were not associated with iHSR severity grading. Comparing BAT results in iHSR-Taxpos and iHSR-Taxneg showed the area under the receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve to be 0.9752 (p = 0.0002). The cutoff calculated by the maximized likelihood ratio identified 90.91% of iHSR-Taxpos patients and 90.91% of iHSR-Taxneg patients. Comparing BAT results for iHSR-Plpos and iHSR-Plneg showed the area under the ROC curve to be 0.9286 (p = 0.0002). The cutoff calculated by the maximized likelihood ratio identified 78.57% of iHSR-Plpos patients and 91.67% of iHSR-Plneg patients. Most iHSR-Taxpos patients for which ST was available (10/11) scored ST-negative and BAT-positive, whereas most iHSR-Plpos patients for which ST was available (14/14) scored both BAT- and ST-positive. This suggested the intervention of non-IgE-mediated mechanisms in iHSR-Taxpos patients. Consistent with this view, an in silico molecular docking analysis predicted the high affinity of paclitaxel to the degranulation-competent MRGPRX2 receptor. This hypothesis warrants further in vitro investigations. In conclusion, the present study provides preliminary proof-of-concept evidence that this novel BAT has potential utility in understanding mechanisms underlying iHSRs to taxanes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marilena La Sorda
- Microbiology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy; (M.L.S.); (R.G.); (M.S.)
| | - Marco Fossati
- Cytometry Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (M.F.); (A.B.); (N.Z.); (A.F.)
| | - Rosalia Graffeo
- Microbiology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy; (M.L.S.); (R.G.); (M.S.)
| | - Manuela Ferraironi
- Microbiology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy; (M.L.S.); (R.G.); (M.S.)
| | - Maria Cristina De Rosa
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Technologies ‘‘Giulio Natta’’ (SCITEC)-CNR, 00168 Rome, Italy; (M.C.D.R.); (B.R.)
| | - Alexia Buzzonetti
- Cytometry Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (M.F.); (A.B.); (N.Z.); (A.F.)
| | - Benedetta Righino
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Technologies ‘‘Giulio Natta’’ (SCITEC)-CNR, 00168 Rome, Italy; (M.C.D.R.); (B.R.)
| | - Nicole Zampetti
- Cytometry Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (M.F.); (A.B.); (N.Z.); (A.F.)
| | - Andrea Fattorossi
- Cytometry Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (M.F.); (A.B.); (N.Z.); (A.F.)
| | - Eleonora Nucera
- Allergy Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (E.N.); (A.A.); (A.B.)
| | - Arianna Aruanno
- Allergy Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (E.N.); (A.A.); (A.B.)
| | - Gabriella Ferrandina
- Gynecology Oncology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy; (G.F.); (G.S.)
| | - Adriana Ionelia Apostol
- Department of Woman, Child and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy;
| | - Alessandro Buonomo
- Allergy Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (E.N.); (A.A.); (A.B.)
| | - Giovanni Scambia
- Gynecology Oncology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy; (G.F.); (G.S.)
| | - Maurizio Sanguinetti
- Microbiology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy; (M.L.S.); (R.G.); (M.S.)
| | - Alessandra Battaglia
- Department of Life Science and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Pirolli D, Righino B, Camponeschi C, Ria F, Di Sante G, De Rosa MC. Virtual screening and molecular dynamics simulations provide insight into repurposing drugs against SARS-CoV-2 variants Spike protein/ACE2 interface. Sci Rep 2023; 13:1494. [PMID: 36707679 PMCID: PMC9880937 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-28716-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
After over two years of living with Covid-19 and hundreds of million cases worldwide there is still an unmet need to find proper treatments for the novel coronavirus, due also to the rapid mutation of its genome. In this context, a drug repositioning study has been performed, using in silico tools targeting Delta Spike protein/ACE2 interface. To this aim, it has been virtually screened a library composed by 4388 approved drugs through a deep learning-based QSAR model to identify protein-protein interactions modulators for molecular docking against Spike receptor binding domain (RBD). Binding energies of predicted complexes were calculated by Molecular Mechanics/Generalized Born Surface Area from docking and molecular dynamics simulations. Four out of the top twenty ranking compounds showed stable binding modes on Delta Spike RBD and were evaluated also for their effectiveness against Omicron. Among them an antihistaminic drug, fexofenadine, revealed very low binding energy, stable complex, and interesting interactions with Delta Spike RBD. Several antihistaminic drugs were found to exhibit direct antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2 in vitro, and their mechanisms of action is still debated. This study not only highlights the potential of our computational methodology for a rapid screening of variant-specific drugs, but also represents a further tool for investigating properties and mechanisms of selected drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Davide Pirolli
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Technologies ''Giulio Natta'' (SCITEC)-CNR, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Benedetta Righino
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Technologies ''Giulio Natta'' (SCITEC)-CNR, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Camponeschi
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Technologies ''Giulio Natta'' (SCITEC)-CNR, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Ria
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Section of General Pathology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168, Rome, Italy
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Gabriele Di Sante
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Section of Human, Clinic and Forensic Anatomy, University of Perugia, 06132, Perugia, Italy
| | - Maria Cristina De Rosa
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Technologies ''Giulio Natta'' (SCITEC)-CNR, 00168, Rome, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Tredicine M, Camponeschi C, Pirolli D, Lucchini M, Valentini M, Geloso MC, Mirabella M, Fidaleo M, Righino B, Moliterni C, Giorda E, Rende M, De Rosa MC, Foti M, Constantin G, Ria F, Di Sante G. A TLR/CD44 axis regulates T cell trafficking in experimental and human multiple sclerosis. iScience 2022; 25:103763. [PMID: 35128357 PMCID: PMC8804271 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.103763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In the pathogenesis of autoimmune disorders, the modulation of leukocytes' trafficking plays a central role, still poorly understood. Here, we focused on the effect of TLR2 ligands in trafficking of T helper cells through reshuffling of CD44 isoforms repertoire. Concurrently, strain background and TLR2 haplotype affected Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and expression of splicing factors. During EAE, mCD44 v9- v 10 was specifically enriched in the forebrain and showed an increased ability to bind stably to osteopontin. Similarly, we observed that hCD44 v7 was highly enriched in cells of cerebrospinal fluid from MS patients with active lesions. Moreover, TLRs engagement modulated the composition of CD44 variants also in human T helper cells, supporting the hypothesis that pathogens or commensals, through TLRs, in turn modulate the repertoire of CD44 isoforms, thereby controlling the distribution of lesions in the CNS. The interference with this mechanism(s) represents a potential tool for prevention and treatment of autoimmune relapses and exacerbations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Tredicine
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Section of General Pathology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo Francesco Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Camponeschi
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Section of General Pathology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo Francesco Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Davide Pirolli
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Technologies “Giulio Natta” (SCITEC) -CNR, Largo Francesco Vito 1,00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Matteo Lucchini
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo Agostino Gemelli1-8,00168 Rome, Italy
- Centro di ricerca per la Sclerosi Multipla (CERSM), Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo Francesco Vito 1,00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Mariagrazia Valentini
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo Agostino Gemelli1-8,00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Concetta Geloso
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo Agostino Gemelli1-8,00168 Rome, Italy
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Human Anatomy, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo Francesco Vito 1,00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Mirabella
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo Agostino Gemelli1-8,00168 Rome, Italy
- Centro di ricerca per la Sclerosi Multipla (CERSM), Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo Francesco Vito 1,00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Fidaleo
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology Charles Darwin, University of Rome Sapienza,00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Benedetta Righino
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Technologies “Giulio Natta” (SCITEC) -CNR, Largo Francesco Vito 1,00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Camilla Moliterni
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology Charles Darwin, University of Rome Sapienza,00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Ezio Giorda
- Core Facilities di Ricerca, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù Roma – IRCCS, V.le Ferdinando Baldelli,40,00146 Roma, Italy
| | - Mario Rende
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Section of Human, Clinic and Forensic Anatomy, University of Perugia, Piazza L. Severi, 06132 Perugia, Italy
| | - Maria Cristina De Rosa
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Technologies “Giulio Natta” (SCITEC) -CNR, Largo Francesco Vito 1,00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Foti
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Gabriela Constantin
- Department of Medicine, Section of General Pathology, University of Verona, Strada le Grazie 8,37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Francesco Ria
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Section of General Pathology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo Francesco Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo Agostino Gemelli1-8,00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Gabriele Di Sante
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Section of General Pathology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo Francesco Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Section of Human, Clinic and Forensic Anatomy, University of Perugia, Piazza L. Severi, 06132 Perugia, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Martínez-Caballero S, Mahasenan KV, Kim C, Molina R, Feltzer R, Lee M, Bouley R, Hesek D, Fisher JF, Muñoz IG, Chang M, Mobashery S, Hermoso JA. Integrative structural biology of the penicillin-binding protein-1 from Staphylococcus aureus, an essential component of the divisome machinery. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2021; 19:5392-5405. [PMID: 34667534 PMCID: PMC8493512 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2021.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The penicillin-binding proteins are the enzyme catalysts of the critical transpeptidation crosslinking polymerization reaction of bacterial peptidoglycan synthesis and the molecular targets of the penicillin antibiotics. Here, we report a combined crystallographic, small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) in-solution structure, computational and biophysical analysis of PBP1 of Staphylococcus aureus (saPBP1), providing mechanistic clues about its function and regulation during cell division. The structure reveals the pedestal domain, the transpeptidase domain, and most of the linker connecting to the "penicillin-binding protein and serine/threonine kinase associated" (PASTA) domains, but not its two PASTA domains, despite their presence in the construct. To address this absence, the structure of the PASTA domains was determined at 1.5 Å resolution. Extensive molecular-dynamics simulations interpret the PASTA domains of saPBP1 as conformationally mobile and separated from the transpeptidase domain. This conclusion was confirmed by SAXS experiments on the full-length protein in solution. A series of crystallographic complexes with β-lactam antibiotics (as inhibitors) and penta-Gly (as a substrate mimetic) allowed the molecular characterization of both inhibition by antibiotics and binding for the donor and acceptor peptidoglycan strands. Mass-spectrometry experiments with synthetic peptidoglycan fragments revealed binding by PASTA domains in coordination with the remaining domains. The observed mobility of the PASTA domain in saPBP1 could play a crucial role for in vivo interaction with its glycosyltransferase partner in the membrane or with other components of the divisome machinery, as well as for coordination of transpeptidation and polymerization processes in the bacterial divisome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siseth Martínez-Caballero
- Department of Crystallography and Structural Biology, Institute of Physical Chemistry "Rocasolano", CSIC, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Kiran V Mahasenan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - Choon Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - Rafael Molina
- Department of Crystallography and Structural Biology, Institute of Physical Chemistry "Rocasolano", CSIC, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rhona Feltzer
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - Mijoon Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - Renee Bouley
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - Dusan Hesek
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - Jed F Fisher
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - Inés G Muñoz
- Structural Biology Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Center (CNIO), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Mayland Chang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - Shahriar Mobashery
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - Juan A Hermoso
- Department of Crystallography and Structural Biology, Institute of Physical Chemistry "Rocasolano", CSIC, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Djorić D, Minton NE, Kristich CJ. The enterococcal PASTA kinase: A sentinel for cell envelope stress. Mol Oral Microbiol 2020; 36:132-144. [PMID: 32945615 DOI: 10.1111/omi.12313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 09/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Enterococci are Gram-positive, opportunistic pathogens that reside throughout the gastrointestinal tracts of most terrestrial organisms. Enterococci are resistant to many antibiotics, which makes enterococcal infections difficult to treat. Enterococci are also particularly hardy bacteria that can tolerate a variety of environmental stressors. Understanding how enterococci sense and respond to the extracellular environment to enact adaptive biological responses may identify new targets that can be exploited for development of treatments for enterococcal infections. Bacterial eukaryotic-like serine/threonine kinases (eSTKs) and cognate phosphatases (STPs) are important signaling systems that mediate biological responses to extracellular stimuli. Some bacterial eSTKs are transmembrane proteins that contain a series of extracellular repeats of the penicillin-binding and Ser/Thr kinase-associated (PASTA) domain, leading to their designation as "PASTA kinases." Enterococcal genomes encode a single PASTA kinase and its cognate phosphatase. Investigations of the enterococcal PASTA kinase revealed its importance in resistance to antibiotics and other cell wall stresses, in enterococcal colonization of the mammalian gut, clues about its mechanism of signal transduction, and its integration with other enterococcal signal transduction systems. In this review, we describe the current state of knowledge of PASTA kinase signaling in enterococci and describe important gaps that still need to be addressed to provide a better understanding of this important signaling system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dušanka Djorić
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Center for Infectious Disease Research, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Nicole E Minton
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Center for Infectious Disease Research, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Christopher J Kristich
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Center for Infectious Disease Research, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Jonniya NA, Kar P. Investigating specificity of the anti-hypertensive inhibitor WNK463 against With-No-Lysine kinase family isoforms via multiscale simulations. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2019; 38:1306-1321. [DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2019.1602079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nisha A. Jonniya
- Discipline of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Parimal Kar
- Discipline of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Kaur P, Rausch M, Malakar B, Watson U, Damle NP, Chawla Y, Srinivasan S, Sharma K, Schneider T, Jhingan GD, Saini D, Mohanty D, Grein F, Nandicoori VK. LipidII interaction with specific residues of Mycobacterium tuberculosis PknB extracytoplasmic domain governs its optimal activation. Nat Commun 2019; 10:1231. [PMID: 30874556 PMCID: PMC6428115 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-09223-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The Mycobacterium tuberculosis kinase PknB is essential for growth and survival of the pathogen in vitro and in vivo. Here we report the results of our efforts to elucidate the mechanism of regulation of PknB activity. The specific residues in the PknB extracytoplasmic domain that are essential for ligand interaction and survival of the bacterium are identified. The extracytoplasmic domain interacts with mDAP-containing LipidII, and this is abolished upon mutation of the ligand-interacting residues. Abrogation of ligand-binding or sequestration of the ligand leads to aberrant localization of PknB. Contrary to the prevailing hypothesis, abrogation of ligand-binding is linked to activation loop hyperphosphorylation, and indiscriminate hyperphosphorylation of PknB substrates as well as other proteins, ultimately causing loss of homeostasis and cell death. We propose that the ligand-kinase interaction directs the appropriate localization of the kinase, coupled to stringently controlled activation of PknB, and consequently the downstream processes thereof. The Mycobacterium tuberculosis kinase PknB regulates essential cell functions via interactions with muropeptides. Here the authors identify interaction sites in the extracytoplasmic PASTA domain and show that abrogation of ligand binding leads to a hyper-activated kinase, causing loss of homeostasis and cell death.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Prabhjot Kaur
- National Institute of Immunology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Marvin Rausch
- Institute for Pharmaceutical Microbiology, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Bonn, 53105, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Bonn, 53105, Germany
| | - Basanti Malakar
- National Institute of Immunology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Uchenna Watson
- Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, 560012, India
| | - Nikhil P Damle
- National Institute of Immunology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India.,BIOSS, Center for Biological Signaling Studies, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, 79104, Germany
| | - Yogesh Chawla
- National Institute of Immunology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, 10065, NY, USA
| | - Sandhya Srinivasan
- Vproteomics, Valerian Chem Private Limited, Green Park Main, New Delhi, 110016, India
| | - Kanika Sharma
- Vproteomics, Valerian Chem Private Limited, Green Park Main, New Delhi, 110016, India
| | - Tanja Schneider
- Institute for Pharmaceutical Microbiology, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Bonn, 53105, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Bonn, 53105, Germany
| | - Gagan Deep Jhingan
- Vproteomics, Valerian Chem Private Limited, Green Park Main, New Delhi, 110016, India
| | - Deepak Saini
- Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, 560012, India
| | - Debasisa Mohanty
- National Institute of Immunology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Fabian Grein
- Institute for Pharmaceutical Microbiology, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Bonn, 53105, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Bonn, 53105, Germany
| | | |
Collapse
|