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Cecchi N, Romanelli R, Ricevuti F, Amitrano M, Carbone MG, Dinardo M, Burgio E. Current knowledges in pharmaconutrition: " Ketogenics" in pediatric gliomas. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1222908. [PMID: 37614745 PMCID: PMC10442509 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1222908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain tumors account for 20-25% of pediatric cancers. The most frequent type of brain tumor is Glioma from grade I to grade IV according to the rate of malignancy. Current treatments for gliomas use chemotherapy, radiotherapy, tyrosine kinase inhibitors, monoclonal antibodies and surgery, but each of the treatment strategies has several serious side effects. Therefore, to improve treatment efficacy, it is necessary to tailor therapies to patient and tumor characteristics, using appropriate molecular targets. An increasingly popular strategy is pharmaconutrition, which combines a tailored pharmacological treatment with a diet designed to synergize the effects of drugs. In this review we deal in the molecular mechanisms, the epigenetic effects and modulation of the oxidative stress pathway of ketogenic diets, that underlie its possible role, in the treatment of infantile gliomas, as a complementary approach to conventional cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Cecchi
- Clinical Nutrition Unit – A.O.R.N. Santobono-Pausilipon Children’s Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - Roberta Romanelli
- Clinical Nutrition Unit – A.O.R.N. Santobono-Pausilipon Children’s Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - Flavia Ricevuti
- Clinical Nutrition Unit – A.O.R.N. Santobono-Pausilipon Children’s Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - Marianna Amitrano
- Department of Translational Medical Science, Section of Pediatrics, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Carbone
- Clinical Nutrition Unit – A.O.R.N. Santobono-Pausilipon Children’s Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - Michele Dinardo
- Clinical Nutrition Unit – A.O.R.N. Santobono-Pausilipon Children’s Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - Ernesto Burgio
- ECERI-European Cancer and Environment Research Institute, Brussels, Belgium
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Gene-Olaciregui N, Perez-Somarriba M, Santa-María V, Cruz O, Gómez-González S, Castañeda A, Suñol M, Rovira C, Muchart J, Hinojosa J, La Madrid AM, Lavarino C. Clinical and Molecular Evolution of an ALK-Driven Infant-Type Hemispheric Glioma Treated Sequentially With Second- and Third-Generation Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase Inhibitors. JCO Precis Oncol 2023; 7:e2200547. [PMID: 36996378 DOI: 10.1200/po.22.00547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/01/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Nagore Gene-Olaciregui
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Pediatric Cancer Center Barcelona, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Perez-Somarriba
- Neuro Oncology Unit, Pediatric Cancer Center Barcelona, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
- Children & Young People's Unit, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Vicente Santa-María
- Neuro Oncology Unit, Pediatric Cancer Center Barcelona, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ofelia Cruz
- Neuro Oncology Unit, Pediatric Cancer Center Barcelona, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Soledad Gómez-González
- Laboratory of Developmental Tumor Biology, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Pediatric Cancer Center Barcelona, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alicia Castañeda
- Pediatric Solid Tumor Unit, Pediatric Cancer Center Barcelona, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mariona Suñol
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carlota Rovira
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Muchart
- Department of Radiology, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - José Hinojosa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andrés Morales La Madrid
- Neuro Oncology Unit, Pediatric Cancer Center Barcelona, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cinzia Lavarino
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Pediatric Cancer Center Barcelona, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
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Fang Y, Wang YZ, Wei X, Li SM, Chen L. Infant-Type Hemispheric Glioma in a Chinese Girl: A Newly Defined Entity. Fetal Pediatr Pathol 2023; 42:114-122. [PMID: 35404193 DOI: 10.1080/15513815.2022.2061659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Infant-type hemispheric glioma is a newly defined entity in the updated 2021 WHO classification of tumors of the central nervous system. This lesion occurs in the cerebral hemispheres of newborns and infants and harbors molecular alterations in the NTRK family, ALK, ROS, or MET. Case report: A four-month-old female infant presented with a large space occupying lesion of the left cerebral hemisphere, whose histological manifestation was high-grade hemispheric infantile glioma. Tumor expressed panTRK, indicative of rearranged NTRK1, which was validated by next generation sequencing (NGS) as TPM3-NTRK1 fusion. There was homozygous deletion of CDKN2A/B, and there were ROS1, TLX3, FAT1, ABL1, MSH2, and PALB2 mutations. Conclusion: The additional genetic alterations in this case may expand the genotypic spectrum of this distinct cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Fang
- Department of Pathology, Anhui Provincial Children's Hospital, Hefei, China
| | - Yi-Zhen Wang
- Department of Pathology, Anhui Provincial Children's Hospital, Hefei, China
| | - Xia Wei
- Department of Pathology, Anhui Provincial Children's Hospital, Hefei, China
| | - Shao-Mei Li
- Department of Pathology, Anhui Provincial Children's Hospital, Hefei, China
| | - Lian Chen
- Department of Pathology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Association of RNA m 7G Modification Gene Polymorphisms with Pediatric Glioma Risk. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 2023:3678327. [PMID: 36733406 PMCID: PMC9889142 DOI: 10.1155/2023/3678327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Glioma stemming from glial cells of the central nervous system (CNS) is one of the leading causes of cancer death in childhood. The genetic predisposition of glioma is not fully understood. METTL1-WDR4 methyltransferase complex is implicated in tumorigenesis by catalyzing N7-methylguanosine (m7G) modification of RNA. This study is aimed at determining the association of glioma risk with three polymorphisms (rs2291617, rs10877013, and rs10877012) in METTL1 and five polymorphisms (rs2156315 rs2156316, rs6586250, rs15736, and rs2248490) in WDR4 gene in children of Chinese Han. We enrolled 314 cases and 380 controls from three independent hospitals. Genotypes of these polymorphisms were determined using the TaqMan assay. We found the WDR4 gene rs15736 was significantly associated with reduced glioma risk (GA/AA vs. GG: adjusted odds ratio = 0.63, 95%confidence interval = 0.42 - 0.94, P = 0.023) out of the eight studied polymorphisms. Stratified analyses showed that the association of rs15736 with the risk of glioma remained significant in children aged 60 months or older, girls, the subgroups with astrocytic tumors, or grade I + II glioma. We also found the combined effects of five WDR4 gene polymorphisms on glioma risk. Finally, expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) analyses elucidated that the rs15736 polymorphism was related to the expression level of WDR4 and neighboring gene cystathionine-beta-synthase (CBS). Our finding provided evidence of a causal association between WDR4 gene polymorphisms and glioma susceptibility in Chinese Han children.
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Adams JW, Malicki D, Levy M, Crawford JR. Long-term survival of a child with a high-grade glioma with novel molecular features. BMJ Case Rep 2021; 14:e246423. [PMID: 34667055 PMCID: PMC8527114 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2021-246423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jason W Adams
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Denise Malicki
- Department of Pathology, Rady Children's Hospital University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Michael Levy
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - John Ross Crawford
- Department of Neurosciences and Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
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