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Li X, Bai X, Tang Y, Qiao C, Zhao R, Peng X. Research progress on the P2X7 receptor in liver injury and hepatocellular carcinoma. Chem Biol Drug Des 2023; 101:794-808. [PMID: 36403102 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Purinergic ligand-gated ion channel 7 receptor (P2X7 receptor) is an adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-gated ion channel that is widely distributed on the surfaces of immune cells and tissues such as those in the liver, kidney, lung, intestine, and nervous system. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignancies with increasing incidence and mortality. Although many treatments for liver cancer have been studied, the prognosis for liver cancer is still very poor. Therefore, new liver cancer treatments are urgently needed. P2X7 receptor activation can secrete proinflammatory factors through the P2X7 receptor-NLRP3 signaling pathway, thereby affecting the progression of liver injury. The P2X7 receptor may be a target for growth inhibition of HCC cells and may affect the invasion and migration of HCC cells through the PI3K/AKT and AMPK signaling pathways. In recent years, P2X7 receptor antagonists or inhibitors have attracted widespread attention as therapeutic targets for hepatocellular carcinoma and liver injury. Therefore, this review covers the basic concepts of the P2X7 receptor and role of the P2X7 receptor in liver cancer and liver injury, providing new potential therapeutic targets for hepatocellular carcinoma and liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Li
- School of Medical Laboratory, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China.,Institutional Key Laboratory of clinical laboratory Diagnostics, 12th 5-Year project of Shandong Province, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Xue Bai
- School of Medical Laboratory, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China.,Institutional Key Laboratory of clinical laboratory Diagnostics, 12th 5-Year project of Shandong Province, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Yiqing Tang
- School of Medical Laboratory, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China.,Institutional Key Laboratory of clinical laboratory Diagnostics, 12th 5-Year project of Shandong Province, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Cuicui Qiao
- School of Medical Laboratory, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China.,Institutional Key Laboratory of clinical laboratory Diagnostics, 12th 5-Year project of Shandong Province, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Ronglan Zhao
- School of Medical Laboratory, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China.,Institutional Key Laboratory of clinical laboratory Diagnostics, 12th 5-Year project of Shandong Province, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Xiaoxiang Peng
- School of Medical Laboratory, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China.,Institutional Key Laboratory of clinical laboratory Diagnostics, 12th 5-Year project of Shandong Province, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
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MCM2 in human cancer: functions, mechanisms, and clinical significance. Mol Med 2022; 28:128. [PMID: 36303105 PMCID: PMC9615236 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-022-00555-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Aberrant DNA replication is the main source of genomic instability that leads to tumorigenesis and progression. MCM2, a core subunit of eukaryotic helicase, plays a vital role in DNA replication. The dysfunction of MCM2 results in the occurrence and progression of multiple cancers through impairing DNA replication and cell proliferation. Conclusions MCM2 is a vital regulator in DNA replication. The overexpression of MCM2 was detected in multiple types of cancers, and the dysfunction of MCM2 was correlated with the progression and poor prognoses of malignant tumors. According to the altered expression of MCM2 and its correlation with clinicopathological features of cancer patients, MCM2 was thought to be a sensitive biomarker for cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and chemotherapy response. The anti-tumor effect induced by MCM2 inhibition implies the potential of MCM2 to be a novel therapeutic target for cancer treatment. Since DNA replication stress, which may stimulate anti-tumor immunity, frequently occurs in MCM2 deficient cells, it also proposes the possibility that MCM2 targeting improves the effect of tumor immunotherapy.
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Yuan J, Lan H, Huang D, Guo X, Liu C, Liu S, Zhang P, Cheng Y, Xiao S. Multi-Omics Analysis of MCM2 as a Promising Biomarker in Pan-Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:852135. [PMID: 35693940 PMCID: PMC9174984 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.852135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Minichromosome maintenance 2 (MCM2) is a member of the minichromosomal maintenance family of proteins that mainly regulates DNA replication and the cell cycle and is involved in regulating cancer cell proliferation in various cancers. Previous studies have reported that MCM2 plays a pivotal role in cell proliferation and cancer development. However, few articles have systematically reported the pathogenic roles of MCM2 across cancers. Therefore, the present pan-cancer study was conducted. Various computational tools were used to investigate the MCM2 expression level, genetic mutation rate, and regulating mechanism, immune infiltration, tumor diagnosis and prognosis, therapeutic response and drug sensitivity of various cancers. The expression and function of MCM2 were examined by Western blotting and CCK-8 assays. MCM2 was significantly upregulated in almost all cancers and cancer subtypes in The Cancer Genome Atlas and was closely associated with tumor mutation burden, tumor stage, and immune therapy response. Upregulation of MCM2 expression may be correlated with a high level of alterations rate. MCM2 expression was associated with the infiltration of various immune cells and molecules and markedly associated with a poor prognosis. Western blotting and CCK-8 assays revealed that MCM2 expression was significantly upregulated in melanoma cell lines. Our results also suggested that MCM2 promotes cell proliferation in vitro by activating cell proliferation pathways such as the Akt signaling pathways. This study explored the oncogenic role of MCM2 across cancers, provided data on the underlying mechanisms of these cancers for further research and demonstrated that MCM2 may be a promising target for cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yuan
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hua Lan
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Dongqing Huang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Gynecology, The Second Hospital of Zhuzhou, Zhuzhou, China
| | - Xiaohui Guo
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chu Liu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shuping Liu
- Department of Rehabilitation, Changsha Central Hospital of University of South China, Changsha, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Graduate Collaborative Training Base of the Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Yan Cheng
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Yan Cheng, ; Songshu Xiao,
| | - Songshu Xiao
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Yan Cheng, ; Songshu Xiao,
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