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Guo H, Lin XY, Feng S, Wang C, Yuan LQ, Sheng XG, Li DP. Prognostic value of obesity in patients with cancer treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: An updated meta‑analysis and systematic review. Mol Clin Oncol 2024; 20:5. [PMID: 38125744 PMCID: PMC10729294 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2023.2703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Accumulating interest has been surging over the past few years regarding the effects of obesity on immunotherapy. In addition to the body mass index (BMI), imaging-quantified body fat compartments have been investigated. The present study aimed to evaluate the predictive value of the BMI and computed tomography (CT)-based body fat in patients with cancer receiving immunotherapy. For this purpose, the PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane databases were searched from January 2017 to July 2022. Clinical studies evaluating the association between BMI or body fat and survival of patients with cancer treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) were included. In total, 15 studies reporting on the BMI were included in the meta-analysis and 16 studies evaluating body fat were included in the systematic review. According to the classification of the World Health Organization, overweight and obese patients with ICI treatment showed improved overall survival [overweight vs. normal: Hazard ratio (HR)=0.79, 95% confidence interval (CI)=0.64-0.98, P=0.03; obese vs. normal: HR=0.75, 95% CI=0.60-0.94, P=0.013] and progression-free survival (overweight vs. normal: HR=0.82, 95% CI=0.70-0.97, P=0.02; obese vs. normal: HR=0.81, 95% CI=0.65-1.02, P=0.07). Among the articles investigating the effect of body fat composition on the efficacy of immunotherapy, a number of studies included various CT analysis techniques and cutoffs to define body fat composition. Associations of body fat with survival were contradictory in different patients with cancer treated with immunotherapy. Obesity was associated with better survival in patients with cancer treated with ICIs. Further analyses are required to demonstrate the prognostic value of body fat in patients with cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Guo
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250117, P.R. China
| | - Xue-Ying Lin
- Department of Surgery, Liaocheng Dongchangfu District Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong 252019, P.R. China
| | - Shuai Feng
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250117, P.R. China
| | - Cong Wang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250117, P.R. China
| | - Ling-Qin Yuan
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250117, P.R. China
| | - Xiu-Gui Sheng
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital & Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518116, P.R. China
| | - Da-Peng Li
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250117, P.R. China
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Lessomo FYN, Mandizadza OO, Mukuka C, Wang ZQ. A comprehensive review on immune checkpoint inhibitors induced cardiotoxicity characteristics and associated factors. Eur J Med Res 2023; 28:495. [PMID: 37941006 PMCID: PMC10631013 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-023-01464-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Newly approved cancer drugs called ICIs have shown remarkable success in improving patient survival rates, but they also have the potential for inflammatory and immune-related side effects, including those affecting the cardiovascular system. Research has been conducted to understand the development of these toxicities and identify risk factors. This review focuses on the characteristics of ICI-induced cardiotoxicity and discusses the reported risk factors. It is important for cardio-oncologists to understand the basic concepts of these drugs to better understand how cardiotoxicities occur. It might be hard to find reports, where all patients treated with ICIs had developed cardiac toxicity, because there could be other existing and variable factors that influence the likelihood or risk of developing cardiotoxicity during treatment. Various clinical parameters have been explored as potential risk factors, and further investigation is needed through large-scale studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Zhi-Quan Wang
- Cardiology Department, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
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Park JE, Jo J, Youk J, Kim M, Yoon SH, Keam B, Kim TM, Kim DW. Prognostic utility of body composition parameters based on computed tomography analysis of advanced non-small cell lung cancer treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors. Insights Imaging 2023; 14:182. [PMID: 37880430 PMCID: PMC10600077 DOI: 10.1186/s13244-023-01532-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prognostic impact of body composition parameters based on computed tomography (CT) in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who received ICI treatment. METHODS This retrospective study analyzed the data from advanced NSCLC patients treated with ICI therapy between 2013 and 2019. We included patients with NSCLC who underwent baseline CT scans. The exclusion criteria included patients who received three or more lines of chemotherapy, those with insufficient clinical information, or those without treatment response evaluation. RESULTS A total of 136 patients were enrolled. Among the volumetric body composition parameters, patients in the highest quartiles (Q2-4) of the visceral fat index (VFI) exhibited a higher response rate to ICI therapy than those in the lowest quartile (Q1) of VFI (Q1 vs. Q2-4: 18.2% vs. 43.1%, p = 0.012). Patients with a VFI in Q2-4 had significantly prolonged progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) (PFS, Q1 vs. Q2-4: 3.0 months vs. 6.4 months, p = 0.043; OS, Q1 vs. Q2-4: 5.6 months vs. 16.3 months, p = 0.004). Kaplan-Meier analysis based on the VFI and visceral fat Hounsfield unit (HU) revealed that patients with VFI in Q1 and HU in Q2-4 had the worst prognosis. CONCLUSIONS Visceral fat volume is significantly associated with treatment outcomes in ICI-treated patients with NSCLC. Moreover, fat quality may impact the treatment outcomes. This finding underscores the potential significance of both fat compartments and fat quality as prognostic indicators. CRITICAL RELEVANCE STATEMENT Visceral fat volume is significantly associated with treatment outcomes in ICI-treated patients with non-small cell lung cancer. Moreover, fat quality may impact the treatment outcomes. This finding underscores the potential significance of both fat compartments and fat quality as prognostic indicators. KEY POINTS • We found that visceral fat volume positively correlated with treatment response and survival in patients with non-small cell lung cancer receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors. • Additionally, a trend toward a negative correlation between visceral fat attenuation and survival was observed. • The findings highlight the prognostic utility of fat compartments and fat quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Eun Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju, South Korea
| | - Jaemin Jo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju, South Korea
| | - Jeonghwan Youk
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, South Korea
| | - Miso Kim
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, South Korea.
| | - Soon Ho Yoon
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, South Korea.
| | - Bhumsuk Keam
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, South Korea
| | - Tae Min Kim
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, South Korea
| | - Dong-Wan Kim
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, South Korea
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Shiina S, Maruyama H, Tobari M, Yamashita T. Obesity and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in immunotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatol Int 2023; 17:827-829. [PMID: 37188999 PMCID: PMC10386951 DOI: 10.1007/s12072-023-10533-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuichiro Shiina
- Department of Gastroenterology, Juntendo University, 2-1-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8421 Japan
| | - Hitoshi Maruyama
- Department of Gastroenterology, Juntendo University, 2-1-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8421 Japan
| | - Maki Tobari
- Department of Gastroenterology, Juntendo University, 2-1-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8421 Japan
| | - Tatsuya Yamashita
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-Machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa Japan
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Golčić M, Simetić L, Herceg D, Blažičević K, Kenđel Jovanović G, Dražić I, Belančić A, Skočibušić N, Palčevski D, Rubinić I, Vlahović-Palčevski V, Majnarić T, Dobrila-Dintinjana R, Pleština S. Analysis of the Gut Microbiome and Dietary Habits in Metastatic Melanoma Patients with a Complete and Sustained Response to Immunotherapy. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15113052. [PMID: 37297014 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15113052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy has improved the prognosis of metastatic melanoma patients, although most patients do not achieve a complete response. While specific gut microbiome and dietary habits might influence treatment success, there is a lack of concordance between the studies, potentially due to dichotomizing patients only into responders and non-responders. The aim of this study was to elucidate whether metastatic melanoma patients with complete and sustained response to immunotherapy exhibit differences in gut microbiome composition among themselves, and whether those differences were associated with specific dietary habits. Shotgun metagenomic sequencing revealed that patients who exhibited a complete response after more than 9 months of treatment (late responders) exhibited a significantly higher beta-diversity (p = 0.02), with a higher abundance of Coprococcus comes (LDA 3.548, p = 0.010), Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum (LDA 3.392, p = 0.024), and lower abundance of Prevotellaceae (p = 0.04) compared to early responders. Furthermore, late responders exhibited a different diet profile, with a significantly lower intake of proteins and sweets and a higher intake of flavones (p < 0.05). The research showed that metastatic melanoma patients with a complete and sustained response to immunotherapy were a heterogeneous group. Patients with a late complete response exhibited microbiome and dietary habits which were previously associated with an improved response to immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marin Golčić
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, University Hospital Center Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Luka Simetić
- Department of Oncology, University Hospital Center Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Davorin Herceg
- Department of Oncology, University Hospital Center Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Krešimir Blažičević
- Department of Oncology, University Hospital Center Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Gordana Kenđel Jovanović
- Department of Health Ecology, Teaching Institute of Public Health of Primorsko-Goranska County, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Ivan Dražić
- Department of Mathematics, Physics and Foreign Languages, Faculty of Engineering, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Andrej Belančić
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Center Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Nataša Skočibušić
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Center Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Dora Palčevski
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Center Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Igor Rubinić
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Center Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Vera Vlahović-Palčevski
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Center Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Tea Majnarić
- Community Health Center of Primorsko-Goranska County, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | | | - Stjepko Pleština
- Department of Oncology, University Hospital Center Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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Gao L, Yang T, Xue Z, Chan CKD. Hot Spots and Trends in the Relationship between Cancer and Obesity: A Systematic Review and Knowledge Graph Analysis. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13020337. [PMID: 36836694 PMCID: PMC9961916 DOI: 10.3390/life13020337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the most difficult medical problems in today's world. There are many factors that induce cancer in humans, and obesity has become an important factor in inducing cancer. This study systematically and quantitatively describes the development trend, current situation and research hotspot of the relationship between cancer and obesity by using document statistics and knowledge graph visualization technology. Through the visualization technology analysis of knowledge graph in this study, the research hotspot and knowledge base source of the relationship between cancer and obesity in the last 20 years have been ascertained. Obesity-related factors, such as immunity, insulin, adiponectin, adipocytokines, nonalcoholic fatty liver and inflammatory reaction, may affect the occurrence of obesity and increase the risk of cancer. Obesity-related cancers include respiratory cancer, colorectal cancer, hepatocellular cancer, prostate cancer, gastric cancer, etc. Our research provides direction and basis for future research in this field, as well as technical and knowledge basis support for experts and researchers in related medical fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Gao
- Faculty of Intelligent Manufacturing, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529000, China
- Correspondence: (L.G.); (T.Y.)
| | - Tian Yang
- Institute for Guangdong Qiaoxiang Studies, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529000, China
- Correspondence: (L.G.); (T.Y.)
| | - Ziru Xue
- Faculty of Intelligent Manufacturing, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529000, China
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Cardeña-Gutiérrez A, López Barahona M. Predictive Biomarkers of Severe Immune-Related Adverse Events With Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: Prevention, Underlying Causes, Intensity, and Consequences. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:908752. [PMID: 35774996 PMCID: PMC9237384 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.908752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have dramatically transformed oncology by prolonging overall survival and yielding better patient tolerance compared to other chemotherapeutic agents. However, numerous questions remain unanswered about the toxicity profile of ICIs, its relationship with the treatment response, and causes underlying the excellent treatment response in some patients, while recalcitrance in others. Research groups have continued to seek biomarkers that may permit the identification of treatment responders and predict toxicity to facilitate cessation of immunotherapy before the development of severe toxicity. However, some studies have found associations between serious adverse events and longer survivorship. The research question entailed determining whether a biomarker is needed to predict severe immune-related adverse events prior to their development or whether providing early treatment for toxicity would inhibit the immune system from attaining a long-lasting anti-tumor effect. Therefore, this review conducted an in-depth analysis into the molecular basis of these observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Cardeña-Gutiérrez
- MedicalOncologyDepartment, Hospital Universitario Nuestra Señora de Candelaria, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
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