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Cardillo R, Lievore R, Mammarella IC. Do children with and without autism spectrum disorder use different visuospatial processing skills to perform the Rey-Osterrieth complex figure test? Autism Res 2022; 15:1311-1323. [PMID: 35384343 PMCID: PMC9325558 DOI: 10.1002/aur.2717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Visuospatial organization abilities are closely related to other visuospatial processing skills, such as visuomotor coordination, perceptual abilities, mental rotation, and working memory (WM). One task that enables visuospatial organization abilities to be investigated is the Rey–Osterrieth complex figure test (ROCFT). When examining visuospatial functioning, individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have proved capable of operating both locally and globally, depending on the sub‐domain embraced, with a preference for a locally‐oriented processing of visuospatial information. The present research aimed to establish whether different underlying visuospatial skills might account for performance in the ROCFT in children and adolescents with ASD, compared with typically developing (TD), by considering the role of local/global visuospatial processing. The study involved 39 participants who have ASD without intellectual disability, and 57 TD aged 8–16 years. The participants were administered tasks assessing visuospatial organization abilities, manual dexterity, visual perception, mental rotation, spatial‐sequential, spatial‐simultaneous WM, and visuospatial processing. Our results suggest that manual dexterity and visuospatial processing similarly explain performance in both groups, while differences in visuospatial WM account for the two groups' visuospatial organization abilities. Spatial‐simultaneous WM predicted performance in copy and recall conditions in the TD group but not in the ASD group, while spatial‐sequential WM only did so in the latter group, reinforcing the tendency of children with ASD towards local bias in the visuospatial organization domain. The implications of these findings are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramona Cardillo
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, University of Padova, Padova
| | - Rachele Lievore
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, University of Padova, Padova
| | - Irene C Mammarella
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, University of Padova, Padova
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2
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Zappullo I, Conson M, Zoccolotti P, Trojano L, Senese VP. "Building blocks and drawing figures is not the same": Neuropsychological bases of block design and Rey figure drawing in typically developing children. Child Neuropsychol 2020; 27:371-389. [PMID: 33334206 DOI: 10.1080/09297049.2020.1862075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Several studies investigated the neuropsychological bases of spatial construction in developmental samples. However, no study directly tested whether the pattern of the neuropsychological processes implied in spatial construction changed depending on whether a block building or a figure drawing task is considered. Here, we used the path analysis to test the direct and indirect effects of verbal abilities (naming and verbal knowledge), executive functions, figure disembedding and mental rotation on two classical spatial construction tasks: the Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure (ROCF) and the Block Design (BD). We recruited a sample of 186 typically developing children (age range: 7-12 years). Results showed that ROCF copying was directly influenced by age and figure disembedding, and it was indirectly affected by executive functions, naming and verbal knowledge, whereas BD was influenced in a direct way by verbal knowledge, figure disembedding and mental rotation and indirectly affected by executive functions and naming skills. Moreover, the results showed a full measurement invariance of the path model between sexes, whereas only partial invariance was found for age. Thus, we tested the model in two age groups (age ranges: 7-9.5 and 9.6-12 years) and found that the relationships between the variables of the model changed across development. Although other variables might be relevant to spatial construction, the present findings demonstrate different neuropsychological bases of drawing figures and building blocks in typically developing children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isa Zappullo
- Department of Psychology, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Caserta, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Conson
- Department of Psychology, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Caserta, Italy
| | - Pierluigi Zoccolotti
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.,Institute for Cognitive Sciences and Technologies (ISTC - CNR), Rome, Italy
| | - Luigi Trojano
- Department of Psychology, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Caserta, Italy
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3
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Dridan BA, Ong B, Lloyd S, Evans L, Crowe SF. The Simple Copy Task: Detecting Higher Order Visual Processing Deficits in Schizophrenia, Dementia, and Movement Disorder Groups. AUSTRALIAN PSYCHOLOGIST 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-9544.2012.00067.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ben Ong
- School of Psychology, La Trobe University
| | - Susan Lloyd
- Psychology Department, John Lindell Rehabilitation Unit
| | - Loretta Evans
- Psychology Department, John Lindell Rehabilitation Unit
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Fastame MC. Visual and spatial working memory skills implicated in copying and drawing from memory of the Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure: What relationship in school-aged children? COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cogdev.2019.100826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Rodriguez M, Ellis A. The Neuropsychological Function of Older First-Time Child Exploitation Material Offenders: A Pilot Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OFFENDER THERAPY AND COMPARATIVE CRIMINOLOGY 2018; 62:2357-2373. [PMID: 28397568 DOI: 10.1177/0306624x17703406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Despite the growing incidence of child exploitation offences, there is little knowledge of the neuropsychological function of older child exploitation material offenders (CEMOs). Given that studies have reported that sex offenders demonstrate deficits attributed to frontal and temporal lobe function, the aim of this pilot study was to investigate the frontotemporal function of older first-time child exploitation material offenders (FTCEMOs). The neuropsychological performance of 11 older FTCEMOs was compared with 34 older historical sex offenders (HSOs) and 32 older nonsex offender (NSO) controls. Forty-five percent of FTCEMOs admitted to a pedophilic interest, which was significantly lower than those reported by HSOs. FTCEMOs provided significantly higher intellectual function scores than HSOs. Results revealed no evidence of mild or major neurocognitive disorder in FTCEMOs. Although the groups were not significantly different, compared with normative data, FTCEMOs reported a high incidence of impairment on a measure of decision making and on a measure of facial emotional recognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo Rodriguez
- 1 Justice Health & Forensic Mental Health Network, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- 2 University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Andrew Ellis
- 1 Justice Health & Forensic Mental Health Network, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- 2 University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
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Studeny J, Weber E, Kavanaugh BC, Dupont-Frechette JA, Tellock PP, Maher ID, Haisley LD, McCurdy K, Holler KA. Executive and nonexecutive demands of constructional measures within a children's psychiatric inpatient setting. APPLIED NEUROPSYCHOLOGY-CHILD 2017; 8:40-49. [PMID: 29058552 DOI: 10.1080/21622965.2017.1381098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the role of executive functioning in constructional task performance (measured with the Rey Complex Figure Test-Copy Condition [RCFT] and Beery-Buktenica Developmental Test of Visual-Motor Integration [Beery-VMI]) within a children's psychiatric inpatient setting. A chart review was conducted for 88 children (aged 6-12) who received a neuropsychological evaluation during a psychiatric inpatient hospitalization. Multiple regression analyses investigated the role of executive and nonexecutive demands on RCFT and Beery-VMI performance. Forty-three percent of the sample displayed a constructional weakness. Children with a constructional weakness had lower FSIQ scores and a higher rate of executive dysfunction. Performance on the RCFT was independently predicted by perceptual ability (i.e., Matrix Reasoning; p = .008; β = .340) and attention/executive dysfunction (p = .003; β = -.342; 9.4% of variance), while performance on the Beery-VMI was independently predicted by constructional ability (i.e., Block Design; p = .004, β = .338). Results of this study demonstrate that the RCFT has greater executive demand than the VMI and yields a greater rate of impaired performance in an inpatient child sample as compared to the VMI. Clinical and research practices should consider the distinct differences between various constructional measures to ensure their proper use and interpretation with consideration to their varying executive and nonexecutive demands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane Studeny
- a Department of Clinical Psychology , Antioch University , Keene , New Hampshire , USA
| | - Elyssa Weber
- b Department of Psychology , University of Massachusetts Boston , Boston , Massachusetts , USA
| | - Brian C Kavanaugh
- c E. P. Bradley Hospital , Riverside , Rhode Island , USA.,d Department of Psychiatry & Human Behavior , Alpert Medical School of Brown University , Providence , Rhode Island , USA
| | | | - Perrin P Tellock
- a Department of Clinical Psychology , Antioch University , Keene , New Hampshire , USA
| | - Isolde D Maher
- f Department of Biological Sciences , Mount Holyoke College , South Hadley , Massachusetts , USA
| | - Lauren D Haisley
- g Department of Psychological Sciences , University of Connecticut , Storrs , Connecticut , USA
| | - Kyle McCurdy
- h Department of Counseling, Leadership, and Expressive Arts , Salve Regina University , Newport , Rhode Island , USA
| | - Karen A Holler
- c E. P. Bradley Hospital , Riverside , Rhode Island , USA.,d Department of Psychiatry & Human Behavior , Alpert Medical School of Brown University , Providence , Rhode Island , USA
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Burke T, Lonergan K, Pinto-Grau M, Elamin M, Bede P, Madden C, Hardiman O, Pender N. Visual encoding, consolidation, and retrieval in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: executive function as a mediator, and predictor of performance. Amyotroph Lateral Scler Frontotemporal Degener 2017; 18:193-201. [DOI: 10.1080/21678421.2016.1272615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tom Burke
- Department of Psychology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland,
- Academic Unit of Neurology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Ireland,
| | - Katie Lonergan
- Department of Psychology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland,
- Academic Unit of Neurology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Ireland,
| | - Marta Pinto-Grau
- Department of Psychology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland,
- Academic Unit of Neurology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Ireland,
| | - Marwa Elamin
- Academic Unit of Neurology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Ireland,
| | - Peter Bede
- Academic Unit of Neurology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Ireland,
| | - Caoifa Madden
- Academic Unit of Neurology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Ireland,
| | - Orla Hardiman
- Academic Unit of Neurology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Ireland,
- Department of Neurology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland, and
| | - Niall Pender
- Department of Psychology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland,
- Academic Unit of Neurology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Ireland,
- Department of Psychology, Royal College of Surgeons, Dublin, Ireland
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Senese VP, De Lucia N, Conson M. Cognitive predictors of copying and drawing from memory of the Rey-Osterrieth complex figure in 7- to 10-year-old children. Clin Neuropsychol 2015; 29:118-32. [PMID: 25562707 DOI: 10.1080/13854046.2014.995711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Cognitive models of drawing are mainly based on assessment of copying performance of adults, whereas only a few studies have verified these models in young children. Moreover, developmental investigations have only rarely performed a systematic examination of the contribution of perceptual and representational visuo-spatial processes to copying and drawing from memory. In this study we investigated the role of visual perception and mental representation in both copying and drawing from memory skills in a sample of 227 typically developing children (53% females) aged 7-10 years. Participants underwent a neuropsychological assessment and the Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure (ROCF). The fit and invariance of the predictive model considering visuo-spatial abilities, working memory, and executive functions were tested by means of hierarchical regressions and path analysis. Results showed that, in a gender invariant way, visual perception abilities and spatial mental representation had a direct effect on copying performance, whereas copying performance was the only specific predictor for drawing from memory. These effects were independent from age and socioeconomic status, and showed that cognitive models of drawing built up for adults could be considered for predicting copying and drawing from memory in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Paolo Senese
- a Psychometric Laboratory, Department of Psychology , Second University of Naples , 81100 Caserta , Italy
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Weber RC, Riccio CA, Cohen MJ. Does Rey Complex Figure Copy Performance Measure Executive Function in Children? APPLIED NEUROPSYCHOLOGY-CHILD 2013; 2:6-12. [DOI: 10.1080/09084282.2011.643964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Davies SR, Field ARJ, Andersen T, Pestell C. The ecological validity of the Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure: predicting everyday problems in children with neuropsychological disorders. J Clin Exp Neuropsychol 2011; 33:820-31. [PMID: 21957867 DOI: 10.1080/13803395.2011.574608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Despite its extensive use, the validity of the Rey Complex Figure in predicting everyday behavioral executive dysfunction displayed by children with various neuropsychological disorders is unknown. The copied figures of 263 children aged 6 to 17 years were rescored using an accuracy approach that measured visuospatial ability and three process approaches developed to measure executive functioning. Controlling for age and IQ, partial correlations between scores derived by all scoring methods and the parent ratings on an executive function inventory were zero. In contrast, all four scoring approaches were associated with parent ratings on questionnaires that indexed children's academic achievement, developmental status, and adaptive ability. The findings suggest that the ecological validity of the Rey Complex Figure for children with various central nervous system disorders is more associated with visual-motor integration skills than executive functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon R Davies
- Neurosciences Unit, Graylands Selby-Lemnos & Special Care Health Services, North Metropolitan Area Mental Health Service, Claremont, WA, Australia.
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Smith SR, Chang J, Schnoebelen KJ, Edwards JW, Servesko AM, Walker SJ. Psychometrics of a simple method for scoring organizational approach on the Rey-Osterrieth complex figure. J Neuropsychol 2010; 1:39-51. [DOI: 10.1348/174866407x180800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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12
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Smith SR, Bistis K, Zahka NE, Blais MA. Perceptual-Organizational Characteristics of the Rorschach Task. Clin Neuropsychol 2007; 21:789-99. [PMID: 17676544 DOI: 10.1080/13854040600800995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The present study was designed to begin to explore the perceptual and visuospatial organization required to respond to the Rorschach task. Previous research has shown a relative independence of Rorschach scores from other measures of neurocognitive functioning (e.g., Zillmer & Perry, 1996). However, many of the neuropsychological measures used in previous studies did not require the patient to organize a complex visuospatial stimulus in the same way that the Rorschach does. In this study, data from 27 children and adolescents administered the Rorschach and the Rey-Osterreith Complex Figure Test (ROCF) were examined. Results of analyses indicated that, accounting for age and Full Scale IQ, there were a number of significant relationships between accuracy of ROCF renditions and Rorschach measures of developmental quality and perceptual accuracy. Implications for the understanding the nature of the Rorschach response process and its utility in clinical neuropsychology are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven R Smith
- Department of Counseling, Clinical, and School Psychology, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA.
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