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Cooke J, Ivey G, Godfrey C, Grady J, Dean S, Beaufoy J, Tonge B. Patient‐reported reasons for discontinuing psychotherapy in a low‐cost psychoanalytic community clinic. COUNSELLING & PSYCHOTHERAPY RESEARCH 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/capr.12352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Cooke
- Discipline of Psychology College of Health and Biomedicine Victoria University Melbourne Vic. Australia
| | - Gavin Ivey
- Discipline of Psychology College of Health and Biomedicine Victoria University Melbourne Vic. Australia
| | - Celia Godfrey
- Discipline of Psychology College of Health and Biomedicine Victoria University Melbourne Vic. Australia
- Centre for Developmental Psychology and Psychiatry Monash University Melbourne Vic. Australia
| | - Jacqueline Grady
- Centre for Developmental Psychology and Psychiatry Monash University Melbourne Vic. Australia
| | - Suzanne Dean
- Discipline of Psychology College of Health and Biomedicine Victoria University Melbourne Vic. Australia
- Centre for Developmental Psychology and Psychiatry Monash University Melbourne Vic. Australia
| | - Jeanette Beaufoy
- Centre for Developmental Psychology and Psychiatry Monash University Melbourne Vic. Australia
| | - Bruce Tonge
- Centre for Developmental Psychology and Psychiatry Monash University Melbourne Vic. Australia
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Buizza C, Ghilardi A, Olivetti E, Costa A. Dropouts from a university counselling service: a quantitative and qualitative study. BRITISH JOURNAL OF GUIDANCE & COUNSELLING 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/03069885.2019.1566513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Buizza
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Alberto Ghilardi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Elena Olivetti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Andrea Costa
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
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Telio S, Ajjawi R, Regehr G. The "educational alliance" as a framework for reconceptualizing feedback in medical education. ACADEMIC MEDICINE : JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION OF AMERICAN MEDICAL COLLEGES 2015; 90:609-14. [PMID: 25406607 DOI: 10.1097/acm.0000000000000560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 293] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Feedback has long been considered a vital component of training in the health professions. Nonetheless, it remains difficult to enact the feedback process effectively. In part, this may be because, historically, feedback has been framed in the medical education literature as a unidirectional content-delivery process with a focus on ensuring the learner's acceptance of the content. Thus, proposed solutions have been organized around mechanistic, educator-driven, and behavior-based best practices. Recently, some authors have begun to highlight the role of context and relationship in the feedback process, but no theoretical frameworks have yet been suggested for understanding or exploring this relational construction of feedback in medical education. The psychotherapeutic concept of the "therapeutic alliance" may be valuable in this regard.In this article, the authors propose that by reorganizing constructions of feedback around an "educational alliance" framework, medical educators may be able to develop a more meaningful understanding of the context-and, in particular, the relationship-in which feedback functions. Use of this framework may also help to reorient discussions of the feedback process from effective delivery and acceptance to negotiation in the environment of a supportive educational relationship.To explore and elaborate these issues and ideas, the authors review the medical education literature to excavate historical and evolving constructions of feedback in the field, review the origins of the therapeutic alliance and its demonstrated utility for psychotherapy practice, and consider implications regarding learners' perceptions of the supervisory relationship as a significant influence on feedback acceptance in medical education settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Summer Telio
- S. Telio is clinical instructor, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. R. Ajjawi is senior lecturer in medical education, Centre for Medical Education, Medical Education Institute, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland. G. Regehr is professor, Department of Surgery, and associate director (research), Centre for Health Education Scholarship, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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Tufekcioglu S, Muran JC, Safran JD, Winston A. Personality disorder and early therapeutic alliance in two time-limited therapies. Psychother Res 2013; 23:646-57. [DOI: 10.1080/10503307.2013.843803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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Huang T, Hill C, Gelso C. Psychotherapy engagers versus non-engagers: differences in alliance, therapist verbal response modes, and client attachment. Psychother Res 2013; 23:568-77. [PMID: 23789989 DOI: 10.1080/10503307.2013.807378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
For each of four therapists, we studied two clients who did not return after intake (non-engagers) and two clients who continued for at least eight sessions of psychodynamic psychotherapy (engagers), for a total of 16 cases yielding 3877 therapist verbal response units. Engagers and non-engagers did not differ in terms of working alliance measured after the intake session. In terms of therapist verbal response modes for non-engagers compared to engagers, therapists used more approval-reassurance in the beginning third of intake sessions, and more reflections of feeling but less information about the helping process in the last third of intake sessions. Non-engagers had higher pre-intake attachment anxiety than engagers. Implications for practice and research are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Huang
- Psychology Department, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
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Westra HA, Constantino MJ, Aviram A. The impact of alliance ruptures on client outcome expectations in cognitive behavioral therapy. Psychother Res 2011; 21:472-81. [DOI: 10.1080/10503307.2011.581708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Piselli A, Halgin RP, MacEwan GH. What went wrong? Therapists’ reflections on their role in premature termination. Psychother Res 2011; 21:400-15. [DOI: 10.1080/10503307.2011.573819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Abstract
The authors propose that if therapists and clients process their therapeutic relationship (i.e., directly address in the here and now feelings about each other and about the inevitable problems that emerge in the therapy relationship), feelings will be expressed and accepted, problems will be resolved, the relationship will be enhanced, and clients will transfer their learning to other relationships outside of therapy. The authors review theories supporting the idea of processing the therapeutic relationship, discuss the relevant empirical literature in this area, and provide their conceptualization of the construct of processing the therapeutic relationship based on the theory and empirical findings. Finally, they discuss methodological concerns and suggest implications for clinical practice, training, and further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara E Hill
- Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.
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9
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Shick Tryon G, Collins Blackwell S, Felleman Hammel E. A meta-analytic examination of client–therapist perspectives of the working alliance. Psychother Res 2007. [DOI: 10.1080/10503300701320611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Tetzlaff BT, Kahn JH, Godley SH, Godley MD, Diamond GS, Funk RR. Working Alliance, Treatment Satisfaction, and Patterns of Posttreatment Use Among Adolescent Substance Users. PSYCHOLOGY OF ADDICTIVE BEHAVIORS 2005; 19:199-207. [PMID: 16011391 DOI: 10.1037/0893-164x.19.2.199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
This longitudinal study examined the relationships among the working alliance, treatment satisfaction, and posttreatment use among adolescents in treatment for substance abuse. Adolescents (N = 600) from the Cannabis Youth Treatment study (M. L. Dennis et al., 2002) completed measures of working alliance and treatment satisfaction as well as substance use and substance-related problems at intake and 3, 6, 9, 12, and 30 months' postintake. When controlling for initial substance use and substance-related problems, working alliance, but not treatment satisfaction, predicted use at 3 and 6 months' postintake. Neither working alliance nor treatment satisfaction were predictive of longitudinal patterns of posttreatment use. Implications for the assessment of working alliance and treatment satisfaction are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brooke T Tetzlaff
- Department of Psychology, Illinois State University, Normal, IL 61790, USA
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Safran JD, Muran JC, Samstag LW, Winston A. Evaluating alliance-focused intervention for potential treatment failures: A feasibility study and descriptive analysis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1037/0033-3204.42.4.512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Muran JC, Safran JD, Samstag LW, Winston A. Evaluating an alliance-focused treatment for personality disorders. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1037/0033-3204.42.4.532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Martin DJ, Garske JP, Davis MK. Relation of the therapeutic alliance with outcome and other variables: a meta-analytic review. J Consult Clin Psychol 2000. [PMID: 10883561 DOI: 10.1037/0022-006x.68.3.438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1398] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
To identify underlying patterns in the alliance literature, an empirical review of the many existing studies that relate alliance to outcome was conducted. After an exhaustive literature review, the data from 79 studies (58 published, 21 unpublished) were aggregated using meta-analytic procedures. The results of the meta-analysis indicate that the overall relation of therapeutic alliance with outcome is moderate, but consistent, regardless of many of the variables that have been posited to influence this relationship. For patient, therapist, and observer ratings, the various alliance scales have adequate reliability. Across most alliance scales, there seems to be no difference in the ability of raters to predict outcome. Moreover, the relation of alliance and outcome does not appear to be influenced by other moderator variables, such as the type of outcome measure used in the study, the type of outcome rater, the time of alliance assessment, the type of alliance rater, the type of treatment provided, or the publication status of the study.
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Affiliation(s)
- D J Martin
- Department of Psychology, Ohio University, USA.
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Abstract
Recent theoretical discussions of optimism as an inherent aspect of human nature converge with empirical investigations of optimism as an individual difference to show that optimism can be a highly beneficial psychological characteristic linked to good mood, perseverance, achievement, and physical health. Questions remain about optimism as a research topic and more generally as a societal value. Is the meaning of optimism richer than its current conceptualization in cognitive terms? Are optimism and pessimism mutually exclusive? What is the relationship between optimism and reality, and what are the costs of optimistic beliefs that prove to be wrong? How can optimism be cultivated? How does optimism play itself out across different cultures? Optimism promises to be one of the important topics of interest to positive social science, as long as it is approached in an even-handed way.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Peterson
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, 525 East University, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1109, USA.
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