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Marican HTA, Shen H. Metaphase-Based Cytogenetic Approach Identifies Radiation-Induced Chromosome and Chromatid Aberrations in Zebrafish Embryos. Radiat Res 2021; 197:261-269. [PMID: 34860251 DOI: 10.1667/rade-21-00145.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Metaphase-based cytogenetic methods based on scoring of chromosome aberrations for the estimation of the radiation dose received provide a powerful approach for evaluating the associated risk upon radiation exposure and form the bulk of our current knowledge of radiation-induced chromosome damages. They mainly rely on inducing quiescent peripheral lymphocytes into proliferation and blocking them at metaphases to quantify the damages at the chromosome level. However, human organs and tissues demonstrate various sensitivity towards radiation and within them, self-proliferating progenitor/stem cells are believed to be the most sensitive populations. The radiation-induced chromosome aberrations in these cells remain largely unknown, especially in the context of an intact living organism. Zebrafish is an ideal animal model for research into this aspect due to their small size and the large quantities of progenitor cells present during the embryonic stages. In this study, we employ a novel metaphase-based cytogenetic approach on zebrafish embryos and demonstrate that chromosome-type and chromatid-type aberrations could be identified in progenitor cells at different cell-cycle stages at the point of radiation exposure. Our work positions zebrafish at the forefront as a useful animal model for studying radiation-induced chromosome structural changes in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hongyuan Shen
- Singapore Nuclear Research and Safety Initiative, National University of Singapore, Singapore
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Szabó ER, Brand M, Hans S, Hideghéty K, Karsch L, Lessmann E, Pawelke J, Schürer M, Beyreuther E. Radiobiological effects and proton RBE determined by wildtype zebrafish embryos. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0206879. [PMID: 30408095 PMCID: PMC6224071 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0206879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing use of proton radiotherapy during the last decade and the rising number of long-term survivors has given rise to a vital discussion on potential effects on normal tissue. So far, deviations from clinically applied generic RBE (relative biological effectiveness) of 1.1 were only obtained by in vitro studies, whereas indications from in vivo trials and clinical studies are rare. In the present work, wildtype zebrafish embryos (Danio rerio) were used to characterize the effects of plateau and mid-SOBP (spread-out Bragg peak) proton radiation relative to that induced by clinical MV photon beam reference. Based on embryonic survival data, RBE values of 1.13 ± 0.08 and of 1.20 ± 0.04 were determined four days after irradiations with 20 Gy plateau and SOBP protons relative to 6 MV photon beams. These RBE values were confirmed by relating the rates of embryos with morphological abnormalities for the respective radiation qualities and doses. Besides survival, the rate of spine bending, as one type of developmental abnormality, and of pericardial edema, as an example for acute radiation effects, were assessed. The results revealed that independent on radiation quality both rates increased with time approaching almost 100% at the 4th day post irradiation with doses higher than 15 Gy. To sum up, the applicability of the zebrafish embryo as a robust and simple alternative model for in vivo characterization of radiobiological effects in normal tissue was validated and the obtained RBE values are comparable to previous finding in animal trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emília Rita Szabó
- Attosecond Light Pulse Source, ELI-HU Nonprofit Ltd., Szeged, Hungary
| | - Michael Brand
- Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengeneering (CMCB), DFG-Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden (CRTD), Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Stefan Hans
- Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengeneering (CMCB), DFG-Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden (CRTD), Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Katalin Hideghéty
- Attosecond Light Pulse Source, ELI-HU Nonprofit Ltd., Szeged, Hungary
| | - Leonhard Karsch
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden – Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
- OncoRay – National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Lessmann
- OncoRay – National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
| | - Jörg Pawelke
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden – Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
- OncoRay – National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
| | - Michael Schürer
- OncoRay – National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), partner site Dresden, Germany
| | - Elke Beyreuther
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden – Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
- OncoRay – National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
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