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Liu Y, Ndirangu L, Li W, Pan J, Cao Y, Jeppesen E. Response of Functional Traits of Aquatic Plants to Water Depth Changes under Short-Term Eutrophic Clear-Water Conditions: A Mesocosm Study. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1310. [PMID: 38794381 PMCID: PMC11124857 DOI: 10.3390/plants13101310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Aquatic plants play a key role in the structuring and functioning of shallow lake ecosystems. However, eutrophication often triggers shifts in plant communities and species diversity, especially in the early stages when the water is still clear. Additionally, water depth is an important factor regulating aquatic plant communities. We conducted a 50-day mesocosm study to investigate how water depth (50 cm and 100 cm) affected the functional traits (vertical expansion versus horizontal colonisation) of 20 aquatic plants under eutrophic clear-water conditions. Among the selected species, the submerged plants Hydrocotyle vulgaris and Limnophila indica exhibited higher plant height or biomass in deeper water, while the emergent plants Myriophyllum aquaticum showed the opposite trend. Additionally, Ludwigia peploides subsp. stipulacea exhibited better vertical growth than the remaining species, and the submerged species Vallisneria denseserrulata had better horizontal colonisation. There was a positive correlation between plant height and rhizome length, indicating the absence of a trade-off between vertical growth and horizontal expansion. Our findings suggest an overall resilience of aquatic plants to varying water depths within our study range and highlight the importance of analysing functional traits when selecting appropriate species in freshwater ecosystem restoration, particularly in the face of climate change-induced water depth fluctuations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Research Center of Aquatic Plant, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China; (Y.L.); (L.N.); (W.L.); (Y.C.)
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Wetland Evolution & Ecological Restoration, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Leah Ndirangu
- Research Center of Aquatic Plant, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China; (Y.L.); (L.N.); (W.L.); (Y.C.)
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Wetland Evolution & Ecological Restoration, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Wei Li
- Research Center of Aquatic Plant, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China; (Y.L.); (L.N.); (W.L.); (Y.C.)
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Wetland Evolution & Ecological Restoration, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
- Yani Wetland Ecosystem Positioning Observation and Research Station, Tibet University, Lhasa 850000, China
- Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Environment on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Education, Tibet University, Lhasa 850000, China
| | - Junfeng Pan
- Horticulture and Conservation Centre, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Yu Cao
- Research Center of Aquatic Plant, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China; (Y.L.); (L.N.); (W.L.); (Y.C.)
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Wetland Evolution & Ecological Restoration, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Erik Jeppesen
- Department of Ecoscience, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark;
- Limnology Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences and Centre for Ecosystem Research and Implementation, Middle East Technical University, Üniversiteler Mahallesi, Çankaya, Ankara 06800, Turkey
- Sino-Danish Centre for Education and Research (SDC), Beijing 100049, China
- Institute for Ecological Research and Pollution Control of Plateau Lakes, School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650032, China
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A novel submerged Rotala rotundifolia, its growth characteristics and remediation potential for eutrophic waters. Sci Rep 2019; 9:14855. [PMID: 31619734 PMCID: PMC6795905 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-51508-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The vegetative growth and remediation potential of Rotala rotundifolia, a novel submerged aquatic plant, for eutrophic waters were investigated on different sediments, and under a range of nitrogen concentrations. Rotala Rotundifolia grew better on silt than on sand and gravel in terms of plant height, tiller number and biomass accumulation. Percent increment of biomass was enhanced at low water nitrogen (ammonium nitrogen concentration ≤10 mg/L). The maximum total nitrogen and total phosphorus removals in the overlying water were between 54% to 66% and 42% to 57%, respectively. Nitrogen contents in the sediments increased with increasing water nitrogen levels, whereas, nitrogen contents in the plant tissues showed no apparent regularity, and the greatest value was obtained at ammonium nitrogen concentration 15 mg/L. Both phosphorus contents in the sediments and tissues of plants were not affected significantly by additional nitrogen supply. Direct nitrogen uptake by plants was in the range of 16% to 39% when total phosphorus concentration was 1.0 mg/L. These results suggested that Rotala Rotundifolia can be used to effectively remove nitrogen and phosphorus in eutrophic waters.
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Olguín EJ, García-López DA, González-Portela RE, Sánchez-Galván G. Year-round phytofiltration lagoon assessment using Pistia stratiotes within a pilot-plant scale biorefinery. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 592:326-333. [PMID: 28319719 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.03.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Revised: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/07/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Phytofiltration lagoons are phytoremediation technologies suitable for tropical and sub-tropical regions requiring cost-effective and echo-friendly technologies. A biorefinery of fourth generation has been implemented at pilot plant level in Xalapa, Mexico, and the phytofiltration lagoon, being the first module for provision of treated water and plant biomass for biofuel production plays a key role. The aim of this work was to evaluate the performance of such phytofiltration lagoon with a working volume of 13,000 L for the removal of nutrients from an urban river polluted with domestic wastewater and the biomass productivity of the macrophyte Pistia stratiotes, during five different experimental periods, comprising 42 days each one. The maximum absolute growth rates (AGR, gdwday-1) registered for P. stratiotes during the Aug-Oct '15 and the March-Apr '16 and Apr-May '16 period were in the range of 13.51±2.66 to 16.54±2.02gdwday-1. The average biomass productivity was 5.808gdwm-2day-1. Productivities were similar during the periods of Aug-Oct '15, Mar-Apr '16 and Apr-May '16 and significantly higher (p<0.05) than those registered in Oct-Nov '15 and Jan-Feb '16. Removal percentages of COD and nutrients varied according to the season. COD was in the range of 47.82±39.3% to 88.00±15.0%. Ammonium N was in the range of 76.78±21% to 98.79±0.9%. Nitrates were removed in the range of 16.92±64%. to 97.14±4.5%. Finally, phosphates were removed very effectively, from 73.72±18.5% to 92.89±4.3%. A hydraulic retention time of 7 days was enough for the effective treatment of the water from the polluted river. It was concluded that the phytofiltration lagoon with P. stratiotes is very feasible within the biorefinery for providing biomass year-round and for treating the polluted water very effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugenia J Olguín
- Environmental Biotechnology Group, Institute of Ecology (INECOL), Carretera Antigua a Coatepec #351, El Haya, Xalapa, Ver. 91070, Mexico.
| | - Daniel A García-López
- Environmental Biotechnology Group, Institute of Ecology (INECOL), Carretera Antigua a Coatepec #351, El Haya, Xalapa, Ver. 91070, Mexico
| | - Ricardo E González-Portela
- Environmental Biotechnology Group, Institute of Ecology (INECOL), Carretera Antigua a Coatepec #351, El Haya, Xalapa, Ver. 91070, Mexico
| | - Gloria Sánchez-Galván
- Environmental Biotechnology Group, Institute of Ecology (INECOL), Carretera Antigua a Coatepec #351, El Haya, Xalapa, Ver. 91070, Mexico
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Xiao J, Chu S, Tian G, Thring RW, Cui L. An Eco-tank system containing microbes and different aquatic plant species for the bioremediation of N,N-dimethylformamide polluted river waters. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2016; 320:564-570. [PMID: 27501878 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.07.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2016] [Revised: 07/04/2016] [Accepted: 07/17/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
An Eco-tank system of 10m was designed to simulate the natural river. It consisted of five tanks sequentially connected containing microbes, biofilm carriers and four species of floating aquatic plants. The purification performance of the system for N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) polluted river water was evaluated by operating in continuous mode. DMF was completely removed in Tanks 1 and 2 at influent DMF concentrations between 75.42 and 161.05mg L-1. The NH4+-N concentration increased in Tank 1, followed by a gradual decrease in Tanks 2-5. Removal of NH4+-N was enhanced by aeration. The average effluent NH4+-N concentration of Tank 5 decreased to a minimum of 0.89mg L-1, corresponding to a decrease of 84.8% when compared with that before aeration. TN concentration did not decrease significantly as expected after inoculation with denitrifying bacteria. The average effluent TN concentration of the system was determined to be 4.58mg L-1, still unable to satisfy the Class V standard for surface water environmental quality. The results of this study demonstrated that the Eco-tank system is an efficient process in removing DMF, TOC, and NH4+-N from DMF polluted river water. However, if possible, alternative technologies should be adopted for controlling the effluent TN concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jibo Xiao
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Shuyi Chu
- School of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Linan 311300, China.
| | - Guangming Tian
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Ronald W Thring
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China; Environmental Science and Engineering, University of Northern British Columbia, Prince George, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Lingzhou Cui
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
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