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Ren HS, Cao ZF, Wen X, Wang S, Zhong H, Wu ZK. Preparation of a novel nano-Fe 3O 4/triethanolamine/GO composites to enhance Pb 2+/Cu 2+ ions removal. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:10174-10187. [PMID: 30761492 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-04316-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, a magnetic nano-Fe3O4/triethanolamine/GO composite (TEA-GO-FE) was prepared by using graphene oxide (GO), triethanolamine (TEA), and ferric chloride. The result indicates that triethanolamine acted as an important role for the growing of Fe3O4 and adsorption ability of composite material. The synthesis mechanism of TEA-GO-FE was investigated through the medium of SEM-EDS, XRD, FT-IR, and TEM. The characterization results indicated Fe3O4 nanoparticles have been successfully loaded on the surface of graphene oxide and they were encapsulated by TEA and have excellent stability. According to the results of XRD, the general particle size of Fe3O4 on TEA-GO-FE was 27.5 nm. In order to understand the adsorption properties of TEA-GO-FE for Pb2+ and Cu2+, this article uses a static adsorption study method. The optimized adsorption conditions are as follows: pH = 5.0, temperature is 293.15 K, and the ion concentration is 100 mg/L. Under the optimized prerequisites, the adsorption capacities of Pb2+ and Cu2+ were 121.5 mg/g and 68.7 mg/g, separately. Through thermodynamic as well as kinetic studies, the adsorption process of Pb2+ and Cu2+ on TEA-GO-FE is a self-heating process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Shan Ren
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Efficient and Clean Utilization of Manganese Resources, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, Hunan, China
| | - Zhan-Fang Cao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China.
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Efficient and Clean Utilization of Manganese Resources, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, Hunan, China.
| | - Xin Wen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Efficient and Clean Utilization of Manganese Resources, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, Hunan, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China.
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Efficient and Clean Utilization of Manganese Resources, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, Hunan, China.
| | - Hong Zhong
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Efficient and Clean Utilization of Manganese Resources, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, Hunan, China
| | - Zai-Kun Wu
- School of Chemical Engineering & Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430073, China
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Optimization of sulfide production by an indigenous consortium of sulfate-reducing bacteria for the treatment of lead-contaminated wastewater. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2015; 38:2003-11. [DOI: 10.1007/s00449-015-1441-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2015] [Accepted: 07/14/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Sekomo CB, Kagisha V, Rousseau D, Lens P. Heavy metal removal by combining anaerobic upflow packed bed reactors with water hyacinth ponds. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2012; 33:1455-1464. [PMID: 22856321 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2011.633564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The removal of four selected heavy metals (Cu, Cd, Pb and Zn) has been assessed in an upflow anaerobic packed bed reactor filled with porous volcanic rock as an adsorbent and an attachment surface for bacterial growth. Two different feeding regimes were applied using low (5 mg L(-1) of heavy metal each) and high (10 mg L(-1) of heavy metal each) strength wastewater. After a start-up and acclimatization period of 44 days, each regime was operated for a period of 10 days with a hydraulic retention time of one day. Good removal efficiencies of at least 86% were achieved for both the low and high strength wastewater. A subsequent water hyacinth pond with a hydraulic retention time of one day removed an additional 61% Cd, 59% Cu, 49% Pb and 42% Zn, showing its importance as a polishing step. The water hyacinth plant in the post-treatment step accumulated heavy metals mainly in the root system. Overall metal removal efficiencies at the outlet of the integrated system were 98% for Cd, 99% for Cu, 98% for Pb and 84% for Zn. Therefore, the integrated system can be used as an alternative treatment system for metal-polluted wastewater, especially in developing countries.
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Hsu HF, Jhuo YS, Kumar M, Ma YS, Lin JG. Simultaneous sulfate reduction and copper removal by a PVA-immobilized sulfate reducing bacterial culture. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2010; 101:4354-4361. [PMID: 20153634 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2010.01.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2009] [Revised: 01/19/2010] [Accepted: 01/21/2010] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The effect of a sulfate reducing bacteria immobilized in polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) on simultaneous sulfate reduction and copper removal was investigated. Batch experiments were designed using central composite design (CCD) with two parameters, i.e. the copper concentration (10-100mg/L), and the quantity of immobilized SRB in culture solution (19-235 mg of VSS/L). Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to model the experimental data, and to identify optimal conditions for the maximum sulfate reduction and copper removal. Under optimum condition, i.e. approximately 138.5mg VSS/L of sulfate reducing bacteria immobilized in PVA, and approximately 51.5mg/L of copper, the maximum sulfate reduction rate was 1.57 d(-1) as based on the first-order kinetic equation. The data demonstrate that immobilizing sulfate reducing bacteria in PVA can enhance copper removal and the resistance of the bacteria towards copper toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiu-Feng Hsu
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, 1001, University Road, Hsinchu, Taiwan
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Anaerobic degradation of citrate under sulfate reducing and methanogenic conditions. Biodegradation 2008; 20:499-510. [DOI: 10.1007/s10532-008-9239-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2008] [Accepted: 12/03/2008] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Lopes S, Capela M, van Hullebusch E, van der Veen A, Lens P. Influence of low pH (6, 5 and 4) on nutrient dynamics and characteristics of acidifying sulfate reducing granular sludge. Process Biochem 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2008.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Zandvoort MH, van Hullebusch ED, Gieteling J, Lettinga G, Lens PNL. Effect of Sulfur Source on the Performance and Metal Retention of Methanol-Fed UASB Reactors. Biotechnol Prog 2008; 21:839-50. [PMID: 15932264 DOI: 10.1021/bp0500462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The effect of a sulfur source on the performance and metal retention of methanol-fed upflow anaerobic sludge bed (UASB) reactors was investigated. For this purpose, two UASB reactors were operated with cobalt preloaded granular sludge (1 mM CoCl2; 30 degrees C; 24 h) at an organic loading rate (OLR) of 5 g COD.L reactor(-1).d(-1). One UASB reactor (R1) was operated without a sulfur source in the influent during the first 37 days. In this period the methanol conversion to methane remained very poor, apparently due to the absence of a sulfur source, because once cysteine, a sulfur-containing amino acid, was added to the influent of R1 (day 37) a full conversion of methanol to methane occurred within 6 days. The second reactor (R2) was operated with sulfate (0.41 mM) in the influent during the first 86 days of operation, during which no limitation in the methanol conversion to methane manifested. Cobalt washed out from the sludge at similar rates in both reactors. The leaching of cobalt occurred at two distinct rates, first at a high rate of 22 microg.g TSS(-1).d(-1), which proceeded mainly from the exchangeable and carbonate fraction and later at a relatively slow rate of 9 mug.g TSS(-1).d(-1) from the organic/sulfide fraction. This study showed that the supply of the sulfur source L-cysteine has a pronounced positive effect on the methanogenic activity and the retention of metals such as iron, zinc and molybdenum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel H Zandvoort
- Sub-department of Environmental Technology, Wageningen Univeristy, "Biotechnion"- Bomenweg, 2, P. O. Box 8129, 6700 EV Wageningen, The Netherlands
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Velasco A, Ramírez M, Volke-Sepúlveda T, González-Sánchez A, Revah S. Evaluation of feed COD/sulfate ratio as a control criterion for the biological hydrogen sulfide production and lead precipitation. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2008; 151:407-13. [PMID: 17640800 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2007.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2007] [Revised: 05/31/2007] [Accepted: 06/01/2007] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The ability of sulfate-reducing bacteria to produce hydrogen sulfide and the high affinity of sulfide to react with divalent metallic cations represent an excellent option to remove heavy metals from wastewater. Different parameters have been proposed to control the hydrogen sulfide production by anaerobic bacteria, such as the organic and sulfate loading rates and the feed COD/SO4(2-) ratio. This work relates the feed COD/SO4(2-) ratio with the hydrogen sulfide production and dissolved lead precipitation, using ethanol as carbon and energy source in an up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor. A maximum dissolved sulfide concentration of 470+/-7 mg S/L was obtained at a feed COD/SO4(2-) ratio of 2.5, with sulfate and ethanol conversions of approximately 94 and 87%, respectively. The lowest dissolved sulfide concentration (145+/-10 mg S/L) was observed with a feed COD/SO4(2-) ratio of 0.67. Substantial amounts of acetate (510-1730 mg/L) were produced and accumulated in the bioreactor from ethanol oxidation. Although only incomplete oxidation of ethanol to acetate was observed, the consortium was able to remove 99% of the dissolved lead (200 mg/L) with a feed COD/SO4(2-) ratio of 1.5. It was found that the feed COD/SO4(2-) ratio could be an adequate parameter to control the hydrogen sulfide production and the consequent precipitation of dissolved lead.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Velasco
- Dirección General del Centro Nacional de Investigación y Capacitación Ambiental-Instituto Nacional de Ecología, Av. San Rafael Atlixco # 186, Col. Vicentina. Iztapalapa, México 09340, D.F., Mexico.
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van Hullebusch ED, Peerbolte A, Zandvoort MH, Lens PNL. Sorption of cobalt and nickel on anaerobic granular sludges: isotherms and sequential extraction. CHEMOSPHERE 2005; 58:493-505. [PMID: 15620741 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2004.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2003] [Revised: 09/03/2004] [Accepted: 09/03/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the sorption capacity and the fractionation of sorbed nickel and cobalt onto anaerobic granular sludges. Two different anaerobic granular sludges (non-fed, pH=7) were loaded with nickel and cobalt in adsorption experiments (monometal and competitive conditions). The combination of sequential extraction with the sorption isotherm analysis allowed the assessment of the sorption capacity of individual fractions present in the anaerobic granular sludges. The operational fractionation of the sorbed heavy metals was determined using a modified Tessier sequential extraction procedure. The sorption characteristics of each extracted fraction (exchangeable, carbonates, organic matter/sulfides and residual fractions) fitted well to the Langmuir model. The organic matter/sulfides fraction showed the highest affinity for cobalt and nickel in both sludges investigated compared to the other operationally defined fractions. The presence of iron negatively affected cobalt and nickel accumulation in this organic matter/sulfides fraction. The trace metals-iron sulfide interactions are likely to be the key process in controlling the distribution of cobalt and nickel during sorption onto non-fed methanogenic granules due to the high affinity of iron sulfides towards the metals studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric D van Hullebusch
- Sub-department of Environmental Technology, Wageningen Agricultural University, Biotechnion--Bomenweg 2, PO Box 8129, 6700 EV Wageningen, The Netherlands
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