Residential area greenness and hypertension: a national assessment on urban adults in Bangladesh

Association of greenspace with hypertension in adult: a systematic review and meta-analysis of epidemiological studies

BACKGROUND

Several studies have investigated the relationship of greenspace with blood pressure (BP) and hypertension, but the results were inconsistent. We aimed to assess the relationship of greenspace with BP/hypertension.

METHODS

We searched PubMed, Embase and Web of Science on greenspace and BP/hypertension published before 5 April 2023. The methodological quality and risk of bias were evaluated.

RESULTS

Twenty-seven articles were included. Our results suggested that higher normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) was associated with lower odds of hypertension and levels of SBP [for every 10% increase of NDVI 500-m and NDVI 1000-m, the ORs were 0.95 (95% CI: 0.90-0.99) and 0.95 (95% CI: 0.90-0.99), the ꞵwas -1.32 (95% CI: -2.18, -0.45) and -1.41 (95% CI: -2.57, -0.25), respectively].

CONCLUSION

This study indicated that higher exposure to greenspace might be associated with lower levels of BP and risk of hypertension. Increase green spaces should be regarded as an important public health intervention..

Green space modified the association between air pollutants and hypertension in China

Evidence regarding the combined effects of green space and air pollutants on hypertension remains limited and complex. This study aims to investigate the varying effects of greenness under different air pollution levels in China, using data from the wave 2018 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) involving 17 468 adults (aged ≥ 45 years). As a result, the prevalence rate of hypertension was 42.04%. Logistic regression analyses revealed the positive associations between air pollution concentrations at the city level and prevalent hypertension and the negative associations between NDVI and prevalent hypertension, all of which were more prominent in the populations of the eastern and rural regions. Notably, the negative effect of green space was greater at the lowest quartiles of each air pollutant (OR for PM2.5 quartiles = 0.724, 0.792, 0.740, and 0.931)  . Improving air quality and greenness could potentially reduce hypertension risk, and minimizing air pollution might optimize the protective effects of greenness.