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Ma Y, Qiao Y, Gao X. Potential role of hippocampal neurogenesis in spinal cord injury induced post-trauma depression. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:2144-2156. [PMID: 38488549 PMCID: PMC11034606 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.392855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/24/2024] Open
Abstract
It has been reported both in clinic and rodent models that beyond spinal cord injury directly induced symptoms, such as paralysis, neuropathic pain, bladder/bowel dysfunction, and loss of sexual function, there are a variety of secondary complications, including memory loss, cognitive decline, depression, and Alzheimer's disease. The large-scale longitudinal population-based studies indicate that post-trauma depression is highly prevalent in spinal cord injury patients. Yet, few basic studies have been conducted to address the potential molecular mechanisms. One of possible factors underlying the depression is the reduction of adult hippocampal neurogenesis which may come from less physical activity, social isolation, chronic pain, and elevated neuroinflammation after spinal cord injury. However, there is no clear consensus yet. In this review, we will first summarize the alteration of hippocampal neurogenesis post-spinal cord injury. Then, we will discuss possible mechanisms underlie this important spinal cord injury consequence. Finally, we will outline the potential therapeutic options aimed at enhancing hippocampal neurogenesis to ameliorate depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Ma
- Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Group, Stark Neuroscience Research Institute, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Neurology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yue Qiao
- Department of Neurology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Xiang Gao
- Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Group, Stark Neuroscience Research Institute, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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Nilsen R, Johansen T, Løvstad M, Linnestad AM. Playing online videogames-more than just entertainment? A qualitative study of virtual social participation in persons with spinal cord injury. FRONTIERS IN REHABILITATION SCIENCES 2024; 5:1395678. [PMID: 38818410 PMCID: PMC11137226 DOI: 10.3389/fresc.2024.1395678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Introduction Spinal cord injury (SCI) affects many aspects of life, physically, emotionally and socially. Engaging in online videogames holds the potential to facilitate increased social interactions for individuals with SCI. The aim of this study is to increase our understanding of the experiences people with SCI have with using online videogames as an arena for social participation. Methods A focus group interview was conducted with seven participants with SCI, aged 15-35, all experienced in using online videogames as a method of socializing. The data was analyzed using thematic analysis. Results The participants highlighted that playing online videogames way of maintaining social connections and expanding their social network. However, they faced challenges due to limited knowledge and negative attitudes from others regarding use of videogames as a social arena. Three main themes were developed from the findings: "Disabling social barriers", "Attitudes towards gaming" and "Gaming-connecting people". Conclusion Healthcare professionals should consider videogames as a leisure activity and facilitate their use, recognizing their potential for social interaction and well-being. Prioritizing activities that promote social interaction is crucial for good health.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Nilsen
- Department of Research, Sunnaas Rehabilitation Hospital, Nesodden, Norway
| | - T. Johansen
- Department of Research, Sunnaas Rehabilitation Hospital, Nesodden, Norway
- Department of Rehabilitation Science and Health Technology, Faculty of Health Science Oslo, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
| | - M. Løvstad
- Department of Research, Sunnaas Rehabilitation Hospital, Nesodden, Norway
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - A. M. Linnestad
- Department of Research, Sunnaas Rehabilitation Hospital, Nesodden, Norway
- Department of Research, Lovisenberg Diaconal Hospital, Oslo, Norway
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Mair L, Moses J. Adaptations to adult attachment and intimacy following spinal cord injury: a systematic review. Disabil Rehabil 2024; 46:1962-1978. [PMID: 37326037 DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2023.2218650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Experiencing spinal cord injury (SCI) can be life-changing for individuals and their families. Previous reviews have focused on coping and psychological adjustment, sexual function and sexuality, or factors facilitating or impeding interpersonal relationships after SCI. However, there is a very little synthesis of research focusing on changes to adult attachment and emotional intimacy post-SCI. This review aims to examine the mechanisms of change in adult attachment and intimacy in romantic relationships following SCI. MATERIALS AND METHODS Four online databases (Psycinfo, Medline, CINAHL, and Scopus) were searched for qualitative papers concerning romantic relationships, attachments, and intimacy post-SCI. Sixteen of the 692 papers met the inclusion criteria. These were quality assessed and analysed using meta-ethnography. RESULTS Three main themes emerged from the analysis: (a) strengthening and maintaining adult attachment; (b) changes in roles; and (c) changing views of intimacy. CONCLUSION Many couples face significant changes to adult attachment and intimacy following SCI. Systematic ethnographic analysis of their negotiations enabled the identification of underlying relational processes and adaptation strategies associated with changes to inter-dependence, communication, role revision, and re-definition of intimacy. The findings indicate that healthcare providers should assess and respond to challenges faced by couples post-SCI using evidence consistent with adult attachment theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luned Mair
- South Wales Doctoral Programme in Clinical Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Jenny Moses
- South Wales Doctoral Programme in Clinical Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
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Wirth M, Motl RW, Bombardier CH, Bartle B, Wong AWK, Aguina K, LaVela SL. Factors associated with perceived social isolation among veterans with spinal cord injury and disorders: Cross sectional survey. J Spinal Cord Med 2024:1-10. [PMID: 38315055 DOI: 10.1080/10790268.2023.2299500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT/OBJECTIVE Examine demographics, injury characteristics, objective measures of social isolation and health factors that are associated with perceived social isolation (PSI) among Veterans with spinal cord injury and disorders (SCI/D). DESIGN Cross-sectional survey. SETTING The Veterans Health Administrations (VHA) SCI/D system of care. PARTICIPANTS Veterans with SCI/D who have used the VHA health care system. INTERVENTION Not applicable. OUTCOMES MEASURES We assessed unadjusted associations of high PSI (above population mean) vs low (normative/below population mean), and multivariable logistic regression for independent associations with PSI. RESULTS Out of 1942 Veterans with SCI/D, 421 completed the survey (22% response rate). Over half (56%) had PSI mean scores higher than the general population. Among the objective measures, having a smaller social network size was associated with increased odds of high PSI (OR 3.59, P < .0001); additionally, for health factors, having depression (OR 3.98, P < 0.0001), anxiety (OR 2.29, P = 0.009), and post-traumatic stress (OR 2.56, P = 0.003) in the previous 6 months, and having 4 or more chronically occurring secondary conditions (OR 1.78, P = 0.045) was associated with increased odds of high PSI. The most commonly identified contributors to feelings of PSI included mobility concerns (63%), having a SCI/D (61%), and concerns about being a burden on others (57%). CONCLUSIONS Factors such as social network size may be used to identify individuals with SCI/D at risk for PSI. Additionally, by identifying mental health problems, presence of multiple chronically occurring secondary conditions, and Veteran-identified contributors of PSI, we can target these factors in a patient-centered interventions to identify and reduce PSI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marissa Wirth
- Center of Innovation for Complex Chronic Healthcare (CINCCH), Department of Veterans Affairs, Edward Hines Jr. VA Hospital, Hines, Illinois, USA
| | - Robert W Motl
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Charles H Bombardier
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Brian Bartle
- Center of Innovation for Complex Chronic Healthcare (CINCCH), Department of Veterans Affairs, Edward Hines Jr. VA Hospital, Hines, Illinois, USA
| | - Alex W K Wong
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Center for Rehabilitation Outcomes Research, Shirley Ryan AbilityLab, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Keith Aguina
- Center of Innovation for Complex Chronic Healthcare (CINCCH), Department of Veterans Affairs, Edward Hines Jr. VA Hospital, Hines, Illinois, USA
| | - Sherri L LaVela
- Center of Innovation for Complex Chronic Healthcare (CINCCH), Department of Veterans Affairs, Edward Hines Jr. VA Hospital, Hines, Illinois, USA
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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Bella GP, Silveira-Moriyama L, Cliquet A. Pain and quality of life in athletes vs non-athletes with spinal cord injury: Observational study. J Spinal Cord Med 2024; 47:181-186. [PMID: 37682105 PMCID: PMC10795620 DOI: 10.1080/10790268.2023.2253393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Spinal Cord Injuries (SCI) may cause non-motor symptoms, such as chronic pain, which impair quality of life (QoL)Objective: To investigate the relationship between adapted competitive sports, pain, and QoL in people with SCI in a limited resources setting population.Methods: This prospective cross-sectional observational study involved 16 athletes and 24 non-athletes with SCI and collected data on demographic and clinical variables including scores for pain and pain interference in daily life (Brief Pain Inventory, BPI), neuropathic pain severity (Neuropathic Pain Symptoms Inventory, NPSI) and Quality of life (Word Health Organization Quality of Life Assessment, WHOQOL-BREF). Non-parametric testing was used to compare the groups, and due to athletes being younger, multiple linear regression analyses were used to adjust for the effect of sports practice on the outcome variables when adjusting for age.Results: Athletes were younger (median age 36y) than non-athletes (median age 41.5y; Mann-Whitney U test P = 0.011), and QoL was superior in athletes for the Physical, Psychological, Social Relationships, Self-Evaluation domains, and Total Score when adjusted for age (P < 0.01). Despite having no significant differences in pain intensity scores (NPSI, P = 0.742 and BPI, P = 0.261) athletes had less pain interference on "Relationship with Others", "Enjoyment of Life", and Total score (P < 0.05). Participation in competitive adapted sports (P = 0.004) and Total Pain Interference (P = 0.043) were significantly associated with QoL scores in the multiple linear regression analyses.Conclusion: Athletes with SCI have better QoL and less pain interference in some aspects of life when compared to non-athletes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geruza P. Bella
- Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Traumatology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
- Department of Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Clinics Hospital, State University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Laura Silveira-Moriyama
- Neurology Department, Faculty of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
- Education Unit, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Alberto Cliquet
- Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Traumatology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, School of Engineering of São Carlos, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
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Ma X, Ge H, Zhang X, Li S. Survival experience of patients undergoing oesophagectomy during the recovery period: A meta-synthesis of qualitative studies. J Clin Nurs 2023; 32:5579-5595. [PMID: 36802111 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.16648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
Abstract
AIMS AND OBJECTIVE To systematically review and synthesise existing qualitative research evidence describing the survival experience of patients undergoing oesophagectomy during recovery. BACKGROUND Patients with oesophageal cancer undergoing surgical treatment have severe physical and psychological burdens during the recovery period. Qualitative studies on the survival experience of patients undergoing oesophagectomy are increasing annually, but there is no integration of qualitative evidence. DESIGN A systematic review and synthesis of qualitative studies were conducted following the ENTREQ. METHODS Five English (CINAHL, Embase, PubMed, Web of Science and Cochrane Library) and three Chinese (Wanfang, CNKI and VIP) databases were searched for literature on the survival of patients undergoing oesophagectomy during the recovery period from its establishment in April 2022. The quality of the literature was evaluated by the 'Qualitative Research Quality Evaluation Criteria for the JBI Evidence-Based Health Care Centre in Australia', and the data were synthesised by the thematic synthesis method of Thomas and Harden. RESULTS A total of 18 studies were included, and four themes were identified: physical and mental dual challenges, impaired social functioning, efforts to return to normal life, lack of knowledge and skills in post-discharge care, and thirst for external support. CONCLUSIONS Future research should focus on the problem of reduced social interaction during the recovery of patients with oesophageal cancer, formulating individualised exercise intervention programs and establishing a sound social support system. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE The results of this study provide evidence-based support for nurses to carry out targeted interventions and reference methods for patients with oesophageal cancer to rebuild their lives. NO PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION The report was a systematic review and did not involve a population study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuanxuan Ma
- School of Nursing, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Hui Ge
- School of Nursing, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xue Zhang
- School of Nursing, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Shuwen Li
- School of Nursing, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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Taylor HB, Hughes RB, Gonzalez D, Bhattarai M, Robinson-Whelen S. Psychosocial Impacts of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Women with Spinal Cord Injury. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:6387. [PMID: 37510619 PMCID: PMC10378759 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20146387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
This study represents the first known research addressing the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on women with spinal cord injury (SCI) in the United States. Women in this population face unique barriers that put them at elevated risk for compromised quality of life, risk that was magnified by physical and social restrictions imposed during the pandemic. This qualitative study examined the perceptions of women with SCI and the effect of the pandemic on their lives. The predominantly White and relatively well-educated sample of 105 women with traumatic SCI was diverse in age, injury characteristics, and geographic representation. Recruited across the USA, participants in an online psychological health intervention trial were asked to respond to the item, "Please tell us how COVID-19 has affected you and your life", administered May-October, 2020. An overall sentiment rating of impact was coded as well as the impact of COVID-19 on eight individual themes: Physical Health, Mental Health, Social Health, Activities of Daily Living, Exercise, Work, Activities Outside the Home, and Activities at Home. Sentiment responses were rated as positive, negative, a mixture of positive and negative impacts, or neutral impact. Participants described the overall impact of COVID-19 as negative (54%), positive (10%), mixed (21%) or neutral (15%). Sentiment ratings to individual themes were also described. Our findings highlight the importance of providing access to disability-sensitive and affordable support, resources, and interventions for women with SCI, especially during a public health crisis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather B Taylor
- TIRR Memorial Hermann, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX 77054, USA
| | - Rosemary B Hughes
- Rural Institute for Inclusive Communities, University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812, USA
| | | | | | - Susan Robinson-Whelen
- TIRR Memorial Hermann, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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Cimino SR, Cadel L, Guilcher SJT, Wasilewski M, Hitzig SL. Social disconnectedness and perceived social isolation in persons with spinal cord injury/dysfunction living in the community: A scoping review. J Spinal Cord Med 2023; 46:367-389. [PMID: 36269865 PMCID: PMC10116929 DOI: 10.1080/10790268.2022.2129170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Context: Persons with spinal cord injury/dysfunction (SCI/D) are particularly at risk for social disconnectedness and/or perceived social isolation, which are key components to overall well-being. However, there is limited evidence that aims to understand these phenomena in this population.Objective: To investigate what is known about social disconnectedness and perceived social isolation for adults with SCI/D living in the community.Methods: A scoping review was conducted. A computer assisted search of four online databases was completed on all articles published until May 18th, 2021. Gray literature and key agencies were also searched for relevant documents. Two key concepts (spinal cord injury/dysfunction and social disconnectedness/perceived social isolation) and associated terms were used. All articles were double screened for inclusion by two reviewers.Results: Following deduplication, title and abstract screening and full-text screening, 37 articles met the criteria for inclusion in this review. Most of the included articles were published in North America, used quantitative methods and a cross-sectional design. Articles identified several factors that influenced social disconnectedness and perceived social isolation including participant characteristics, social support, psychological well-being, participation in activities, the built environment and physical health.Conclusion: The current literature suggests that issues with social disconnectedness and perceived social isolation exist for persons living with SCI/D in the community. More work is needed to better understand the relationship between these constructs. A more nuanced understanding can inform targeted interventions to help mitigate the impact of these phenomena on the SCI/D population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie R. Cimino
- Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lauren Cadel
- Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sara J. T. Guilcher
- Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Physical Therapy, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Marina Wasilewski
- Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- St. John’s Rehab Research Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Occupational Science & Occupational Therapy, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sander L. Hitzig
- Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- St. John’s Rehab Research Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Occupational Science & Occupational Therapy, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Blanco S, Mitra S, Howard C, Sumich A. Psychological trauma, mood and social isolation do not explain elevated dissociation in functional neurological disorder (FND). PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2022.111952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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10
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Online Dating for People with Disabilities: A Scoping Review. SEXUALITY AND DISABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11195-022-09771-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Loneliness in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A Neglected Factor in Accelerated Aging? JOURNAL OF AGEING AND LONGEVITY 2022; 2:326-339. [PMID: 36567873 PMCID: PMC9783482 DOI: 10.3390/jal2040027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Prior research suggests that people with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) may experience a form of accelerated biological aging. In other populations, loneliness has been shown to elevate risk for many of the same components of accelerated biological aging, and other deleterious outcomes, as seen in people with PTSD. Although standard diagnostic criteria for PTSD include "feelings of detachment or estrangement from others", the relationship of such feelings to the concept of loneliness remains uncertain, in par potentially due to a failure to distinguish between loneliness versus objective social isolation. In order to catalyze wider research attention to loneliness in PTSD, and the potential contribution to accelerated biological aging, the present paper provides three components: (1) a conceptual overview of the relevant constructs and potential interrelationships, (2) a review of the limited extant empirical literature, and (3) suggested directions for future research. The existing empirical literature is too small to support many definitive conclusions, but there is evidence of an association between loneliness and symptoms of PTSD. The nature of this association may be complex, and the causal direction(s) uncertain. Guided by the conceptual overview and review of existing literature, we also highlight key areas for further research. The ultimate goal of this line of work is to elucidate mechanisms underlying any link between loneliness and accelerated aging in PTSD, and to develop, validate, and refine prevention and treatment efforts.
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LaVela SL, Motl RW, Gonzalez B, Tarlov E, Aguina K, Bombardier CH. Randomised controlled trial of the Caring Connections intervention to reduce loneliness and perceived social isolation in persons with spinal cord injuries and disorders: study protocol. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e063246. [PMID: 36400737 PMCID: PMC9677023 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-063246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Perceived social isolation and loneliness are understudied in individuals with spinal cord injuries and disorders (SCI/D). The few existing studies reported that they are common, yet poorly treated, in persons with SCI/D. We developed an intervention called Caring Connections (CC) aimed at reducing loneliness and perceived social isolation in persons with SCI/D. CC is a peer-based, recurrent letter writing programme designed to provide moments of positivity. We will conduct and evaluate a randomised controlled trial (RCT) to assess changes in loneliness and social isolation outcomes between the CC intervention and control conditions in community-dwelling individuals with SCI/D. METHODS AND ANALYSIS RCT to compare outcomes of community-dwelling individuals with SCI/D undergoing the CC intervention to an attention control group (receiving informational materials on life domains important to a good quality of life). Eligible participants include adults with chronic SCI/D who have been injured for >1 year. The primary outcome is loneliness, measured using the UCLA (University of California, Los Angeles) 3-item Loneliness Scale. Other outcomes include perceived social isolation and social support. A post-trial process evaluation will assess perceived benefits, negative impacts and satisfaction with the intervention, and areas for improvement. We will test the hypotheses of reduced loneliness and perceived social isolation in the CC intervention arm from baseline to 6 months and will also measure the magnitude of effect (difference between CC arm and attention control arm). We will use generalised linear models for repeated measures. We will assume a one-tailed, α=0.05 level of significance for comparisons. Process outcomes will be analysed using mixed methods, including frequencies for the rating items and thematic analysis for open-ended item responses. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION This study has received Hines Veterans Affairs Institutional Review Board approval (#1673654). Findings will be disseminated widely through healthcare organisations, peer-reviewed publications and conferences. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT05295108.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherri L LaVela
- Center of Innovation for Complex Chronic Healthcare (CINCCH), US Department of Veterans Affairs, Edward Hines Jr. VA Hospital, Hines, Illinois, USA
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Robert W Motl
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Beverly Gonzalez
- Center of Innovation for Complex Chronic Healthcare (CINCCH), US Department of Veterans Affairs, Edward Hines Jr. VA Hospital, Hines, Illinois, USA
| | - Elizabeth Tarlov
- Center of Innovation for Complex Chronic Healthcare (CINCCH), US Department of Veterans Affairs, Edward Hines Jr. VA Hospital, Hines, Illinois, USA
- Population Health Nursing Science, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Keith Aguina
- Veterans Engagement Committee, US Department of Veterans Affairs, Edward Hines Jr. VA Hospital, Hines, Illinois, USA
| | - Charles H Bombardier
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
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LeBlanc A, Baron M, Blouin P, Tarabulsy G, Routhier F, Mercier C, Despres JP, Hébert M, De Koninck Y, Cellard C, Collin-Vézina D, Côté N, Dionne É, Fleet R, Gagné MH, Isabelle M, Lessard L, Menear M, Merette C, Ouellet MC, Roy MA, Saint-Jacques MC, Savard C. For a structured response to the psychosocial consequences of the restrictive measures imposed by the global COVID-19 health pandemic: the MAVIPAN longitudinal prospective cohort study protocol. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e048749. [PMID: 35379610 PMCID: PMC8980732 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-048749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The COVID-19 pandemic and associated restrictive measures have caused important disruptions in economies and labour markets, changed the way we work and socialise, forced schools to close and healthcare and social services to reorganise. This unprecedented crisis forces individuals to make considerable efforts to adapt and will have psychological and social consequences, mainly on vulnerable individuals, that will remain once the pandemic is contained and will most likely exacerbate existing social and gender health inequalities. This crisis also puts a toll on the capacity of our healthcare and social services structures to provide timely and adequate care. The MAVIPAN (Ma vie et la pandémie/ My Life and the Pandemic) study aims to document how individuals, families, healthcare workers and health organisations are affected by the pandemic and how they adapt. METHODS AND ANALYSIS MAVIPAN is a 5-year longitudinal prospective cohort study launched in April 2020 across the province of Quebec (Canada). Quantitative data will be collected through online questionnaires (4-6 times/year) according to the evolution of the pandemic. Qualitative data will be collected with individual and group interviews and will seek to deepen our understanding of coping strategies. Analysis will be conducted under a mixed-method umbrella, with both sequential and simultaneous analyses of quantitative and qualitative data. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION MAVIPAN aims to support the healthcare and social services system response by providing high-quality, real-time information needed to identify those who are most affected by the pandemic and by guiding public health authorities' decision making regarding intervention and resource allocation to mitigate these impacts. MAVIPAN was approved by the Ethics Committees of the Primary Care and Population Health Research Sector of CIUSSS de la Capitale-Nationale (Committee of record) and of the additional participating institutions. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT04575571.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annie LeBlanc
- Faculty of Medecine, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
- VITAM Research Center on Sustainable Health, Quebec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Marie Baron
- VITAM Research Center on Sustainable Health, Quebec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Patrick Blouin
- VITAM Research Center on Sustainable Health, Quebec, Quebec, Canada
| | - George Tarabulsy
- University Center for Research on Youth and Families (CRUJeF), Québec, Québec, Canada
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Université Laval, Québec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Francois Routhier
- Faculty of Medecine, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation and Social Integration (CIRRIS), Québec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Catherine Mercier
- Faculty of Medecine, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation and Social Integration (CIRRIS), Québec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jean-Pierre Despres
- Faculty of Medecine, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
- VITAM Research Center on Sustainable Health, Quebec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Marc Hébert
- Faculty of Medecine, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
- CERVO Brain Research Center, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Yves De Koninck
- Faculty of Medecine, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
- CERVO Brain Research Center, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Caroline Cellard
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Université Laval, Québec, Quebec, Canada
- CERVO Brain Research Center, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Delphine Collin-Vézina
- University Center for Research on Youth and Families (CRUJeF), Québec, Québec, Canada
- McGill University Faculty of Arts, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Nancy Côté
- VITAM Research Center on Sustainable Health, Quebec, Quebec, Canada
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Université Laval, Québec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Émilie Dionne
- VITAM Research Center on Sustainable Health, Quebec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Richard Fleet
- Faculty of Medecine, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
- Integrated Research Center for a Learning System in Healthcare and Social Services-SASSS, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Marie-Hélène Gagné
- University Center for Research on Youth and Families (CRUJeF), Québec, Québec, Canada
- School of Psychology, Université Laval Faculté des sciences sociales, Quebec, Québec, Canada
| | - Maripier Isabelle
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Université Laval, Québec, Quebec, Canada
- CERVO Brain Research Center, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Lily Lessard
- Integrated Research Center for a Learning System in Healthcare and Social Services-SASSS, Québec, Québec, Canada
- Department of Health Sciences, Université du Québec à Rimouski, Rimouski, Québec, Canada
| | - Matthew Menear
- Faculty of Medecine, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
- VITAM Research Center on Sustainable Health, Quebec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Chantal Merette
- Faculty of Medecine, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
- CERVO Brain Research Center, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Marie-Christine Ouellet
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Université Laval, Québec, Quebec, Canada
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation and Social Integration (CIRRIS), Québec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Marc-André Roy
- Faculty of Medecine, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
- CERVO Brain Research Center, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Marie-Christine Saint-Jacques
- University Center for Research on Youth and Families (CRUJeF), Québec, Québec, Canada
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Université Laval, Québec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Claudia Savard
- CERVO Brain Research Center, Québec, Québec, Canada
- Faculty of Education, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
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14
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Santino N, Larocca V, Hitzig SL, Guilcher SJ, Craven BC, Bassett-Gunter RL. Physical activity and life satisfaction among individuals with spinal cord injury: Exploring loneliness as a possible mediator. J Spinal Cord Med 2022; 45:173-179. [PMID: 32379551 PMCID: PMC8986296 DOI: 10.1080/10790268.2020.1754651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Context: There has been no known research investigating the association between leisure time physical activity (LTPA), loneliness, and life satisfaction among people with spinal cord injury or dysfunction (SCI/D). The relationship between these constructs is worthy of consideration given the positive health impacts of LTPA, the negative health impacts of loneliness, and heightened negative effects of loneliness on life satisfaction for individuals with SCI/D.Objectives: To examine the relationship between LTPA and loneliness, and examine loneliness as a possible mediator of the relationship between LTPA and life satisfaction among individuals with SCI/D.Design and Participants: Community dwelling individuals with SCI/D (N = 170) participated in a telephone-based survey as part of a larger project.Measures: LTPA (i.e. The Leisure Time Physical Activity Questionnaire-SCI, UCLA Loneliness Scale-3, and the Life Satisfaction Questionnaire-11 were administered to the participants.Results: Significant bivariate relationships were observed between LTPA and life satisfaction (r = .18, P = .02), LTPA and loneliness (r = -.15, P = .045), and loneliness and life satisfaction (r = -.69, P < .001). Mediation analyses suggest that loneliness significantly mediated the relationship between LTPA and life satisfaction (indirect effect = .003, 95% bootstrap CI = .0004 to .0062, CSI = .113).Conclusion: This was the first study to show evidence of a negative association between LTPA and loneliness among people with SCI/D, and to establish a conceptual model for understanding the potential mediating role of loneliness in the relationship between LTPA and life satisfaction among people with SCI/D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Santino
- School of Kinesiology & Health Science, Faculty of Health, York University, Toronto, Canada
| | - Victoria Larocca
- School of Kinesiology & Health Science, Faculty of Health, York University, Toronto, Canada
| | - Sander L. Hitzig
- Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada,St. John’s Rehab Research Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Canada,Department of Occupational Science & Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Sara J.T. Guilcher
- Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada,Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada,Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada,MAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - B. Catharine Craven
- Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada,Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada,Neural Engineering & Therapeutics Team, Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada,Division of Physiatry, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Rebecca L. Bassett-Gunter
- School of Kinesiology & Health Science, Faculty of Health, York University, Toronto, Canada,Correspondence to: Rebecca L. Bassett-Gunter, School of Kinesiology & Health Science, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M3J 1P3, Ph: 416-736-2100 Ext. 22072.
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15
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Murphy LF, Kalpakjian C, Charlifue S, Heinemann AW, Slavin M, Rohrbach T, Tulsky DS, Botticello AL. Greener on the other side? an analysis of the association between residential greenspace and psychological well-being among people living with spinal cord injury in the United States. Spinal Cord 2022; 60:170-176. [PMID: 35022532 DOI: 10.1038/s41393-021-00736-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN Secondary analysis of cross-sectional data from a multisite survey study. OBJECTIVES To describe associations between residential greenspace and psychological well-being among adults living with chronic spinal cord injury (SCI). SETTING Community. METHODS Participants were from the Spinal Cord Injury-Quality of Life (SCI-QOL) Calibration Study (N = 313). Geographic Information Systems (GIS) analysis was used to define five- and half-mile buffer areas around participants' residential addresses to represent community and neighborhood environments, respectively, and to create measures of natural and developed open greenspace. Associations of greenspace measures with two SCI-QOL psychological well-being domains (positive affect and depressive symptoms) were modeled using ordinary least squares (OLS) regression, adjusted for demographic, injury-related, and community socioeconomic characteristics. RESULTS People living in a community with a moderate amount of natural greenspace reported less positive affect and more depressive symptoms compared to people living in a community with low natural greenspace. At the neighborhood level, a moderate amount of developed open space was associated with less positive affect and more depressive symptoms than a low amount of developed open space. CONCLUSIONS Contrary to expectations, residential greenspace had a negative relationship with psychological well-being in this sample of adults with SCI. Understanding how and why natural spaces are associated with quality of life for people with mobility disabilities can influence public policy and urban planning designs to ensure that residential greenspaces are accessible and beneficial to all.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren F Murphy
- Kessler Foundation, West Orange, NJ, USA. .,Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA.
| | | | | | - Allen W Heinemann
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine and Shirley Ryan AbilityLab, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Tanya Rohrbach
- Department of Science and Engineering, Raritan Valley Community College, Branchburg, NJ, USA
| | - David S Tulsky
- Center for Health Assessment Research and Translation and Departments of Physical Therapy and Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Amanda L Botticello
- Kessler Foundation, West Orange, NJ, USA.,Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
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16
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Morgan K, Heeb R, Walker K, Tucker S, Hollingsworth H. Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Psychosocial Health of Persons With Spinal Cord Injury: Investigation of Experiences and Needed Resources. Top Spinal Cord Inj Rehabil 2022; 28:185-195. [PMID: 35521054 PMCID: PMC9009202 DOI: 10.46292/sci21-00060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Background Emerging evidence suggests that the COVID-19 pandemic has been accompanied by increased rates of depression and social isolation. However, we do not yet understand how the COVID-19 pandemic has affected the psychosocial health of people with spinal cord injury (PwSCI), a population that is already at risk of experiencing mental health conditions. Objectives The aims of the study were to (1) examine the impact of the pandemic on the psychosocial health of PwSCI and (2) investigate the experiences of PwSCI and resources they reported needing during the peak of the pandemic. Methods A cross-sectional survey with closed- and open-ended questions was administered to 51 PwSCI. Participants were included if they had an SCI, were 18 years or older, lived in St. Louis, Missouri, and surrounding areas, and understood English. Results Canonical correlation showed a significant association between financial security, food insecurity, and personal assistance service use and adverse psychosocial health outcomes (p < .001). Participants reported interest in resources related to COVID-19 precautions for wheelchair users as well as home exercise programming and financial assistance with utilities. Finally, qualitative analysis revealed four major themes: (1) mental health during the pandemic, (2) financial concerns and reduced access to personal assistance services, (3) feelings of social isolation prior to the pandemic, and (4) local and national authorities' handling of the pandemic. Conclusion PwSCI are impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic and reported a variety of resource needs. These findings may inform service providers, support systems, and organizations to better support PwSCI during times of crisis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerri Morgan
- Program in Occupational Therapy, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Rachel Heeb
- Program in Occupational Therapy, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Kim Walker
- Program in Occupational Therapy, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Sue Tucker
- Program in Occupational Therapy, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Holly Hollingsworth
- Program in Occupational Therapy, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
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17
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Physical activity and sedentary behavior in people with spinal cord injury: Mitigation strategies during COVID-19 on behalf of ACSM-EIM and HL-PIVOT. Disabil Health J 2021; 15:101177. [PMID: 34330682 PMCID: PMC8665656 DOI: 10.1016/j.dhjo.2021.101177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
People with spinal cord injury (SCI) face unique challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic, including greater risk of poor COVID-19-related outcomes, increased social isolation, and restricted access to important services. Furthermore, COVID-19 related restrictions have decreased already low levels of physical activity (PA) in this population. Therefore, the purpose of this commentary is to: 1) address the impact of COVID-19 on PA and sedentary behavior (SB) in people with SCI; 2) provide potential SB reduction strategies to guide future research; and 3) provide recommendations to increase PA and reduce SB on behalf of the American College of Sports Medicine Exercise is Medicine (ACSM-EIM) and Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL-PIVOT) using a social-ecological model targeting the individual-, social environment-, physical environment-, and policy-level determinants of behavior in people with SCI.
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18
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Hitzig SL, Cimino SR, Alavinia M, Bassett-Gunter RL, Craven BC, Guilcher SJT. Examination of the Relationships Among Social Networks and Loneliness on Health and Life Satisfaction in People with Spinal Cord Injury/Dysfunction. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2021; 102:2109-2116.e1. [PMID: 33932359 DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2021.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the associations among social networks and loneliness on health and life satisfaction in adults with chronic spinal cord injury/dysfunction (SCI/D). DESIGN Cross-sectional telephone survey study. SETTING Tertiary spinal cord injury rehabilitation center in Ontario, Canada. PARTICIPANTS Community-dwelling adults with chronic SCI/D (N=170). INTERVENTIONS Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The main outcome measures were the Short-Form 36 to assess health and the Life Satisfaction-11 to assess life satisfaction. RESULTS A hierarchical regression model predicting physical health accounted for 24% (P<.001) of the variance. The only social network variable to significantly contribute to the model was having a higher proportion of network members living in one's household (P<.05). A model predicting mental health accounted for 44% (P<.001) of the variance, with having a higher proportion of network members living in one's household (P<.05) and lower feelings of loneliness (P<.001) associated with better mental health. Finally, the model predicting life satisfaction accounted for 62% (P<.001) of the variance, with lower greater levels of social network intimacy (P<.01) and lower feelings of loneliness (P<.001) being significant predictors. CONCLUSIONS These findings highlight the importance of having access to network members in one's home for better physical and mental health after SCI/D as well as the negative association between loneliness and mental health and life satisfaction. There is a need for approaches to ensure that people with SCI/D in the community feel supported to mitigate feelings of loneliness to optimize their health and wellbeing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sander L Hitzig
- St. John's Rehab Research Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario; Department of Occupational Science & Occupational Therapy, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario; Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario.
| | - Stephanie R Cimino
- Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario
| | - Mohammad Alavinia
- Neural Engineering & Therapeutics Team, Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario; Division of Physiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario
| | | | - B Catharine Craven
- Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario; Neural Engineering & Therapeutics Team, Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario; Division of Physiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario
| | - Sara J T Guilcher
- Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario; Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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19
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Tabacof L, Dewil S, Herrera JE, Cortes M, Putrino D. Adaptive Esports for People With Spinal Cord Injury: New Frontiers for Inclusion in Mainstream Sports Performance. Front Psychol 2021; 12:612350. [PMID: 33935866 PMCID: PMC8082019 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.612350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: People with Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) are at risk of feeling socially disconnected. Competitive esports present an opportunity for people with SCI to remotely engage in a community. The aim of this study is to discuss barriers to esports participation for people with SCI, present adaptive solutions to these problems, and analyze self-reported changes in social connection. Materials and Methods: We presented a descriptive data collected in the process of a quality improvement initiative at Mount Sinai Hospital. In 2019, seven individuals with cervical SCI and quadriplegia participated in a special interest group on esports. Group scores were then analyzed for evidence of between subjects variability using a single sample t-test. A Pearson's correlation was conducted to determine the relationship between social connectedness and demographic data. Results: All players experienced functional limitations as a result of their injury but managed to design personalized gaming setups with adaptive equipment that allowed them to successfully compete in esports. All players reported a positive change in perceived social connectedness (p < 0.001) after participating in the special interest group. Score on Social Connectedness Scale negatively correlated with Time since injury (years). Discussion: It is feasible to create adaptive gaming setups that can be used by people with differing degrees and severity of SCI in a competitive esports environment. Technology and adaptive competitive esports have a potential to improve social connectedness and inclusion in people with quadriplegia. Further research on efficacy and effectiveness of these inclusive environments and their effects on quality of life, activity, and participation is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Tabacof
- Department of Rehabilitation and Human Performance, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Sophie Dewil
- Department of Rehabilitation and Human Performance, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Joseph E Herrera
- Department of Rehabilitation and Human Performance, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Mar Cortes
- Department of Rehabilitation and Human Performance, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - David Putrino
- Department of Rehabilitation and Human Performance, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
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20
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Cimino SR, Hitzig SL, Craven BC, Bassett-Gunter RL, Li J, Guilcher SJT. An exploration of perceived social isolation among persons with spinal cord injury in Ontario, Canada: a qualitative study. Disabil Rehabil 2020; 44:3400-3409. [PMID: 33356633 DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2020.1861485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To advance the understanding of perceived social isolation among persons with spinal cord injury (SCI), the objectives of the present study were to explore: (1) experiences of perceived social isolation and (2) factors that contribute to perceived social isolation. METHODS Interpretive description qualitative methodology was used to conduct semi-structured interviews with 30 individuals with SCI from across Ontario (Canada) from November 2016 to August 2017. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis. RESULTS Participants identified disruption to social networks that seemed to impact perceived social isolation. Five major themes were identified: (1) impact on structure and frequency of social network; (2) importance of feeling heard; (3) importance of employment, hobbies, and sports; (4) need to improve physical accessibility and built environment; and (5) individual characteristics. Changes in quality of social networks, rather than size, contributed to greater feelings of perceived social isolation. The built environment, maintenance of employment, hobbies, and sports, social media, and technology use, as well as individual traits, were also found to impact perceived social isolation. CONCLUSION Future research should focus on the development of programs to help maintain or improve social network quality for persons with SCI to minimize the impact of perceived social isolation.IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATIONPerceived social isolation, resulting from physical and environmental barriers, is a challenge that is faced by many individuals who are living in the community with a spinal cord injury (SCI).Rehabilitation and community programs should utilize an individualized approach to find solutions to challenges faced by this population to prevent the effects of perceived social isolation.Education on how to adapt to changes in social network, together with the provision of access to peer-to-peer support groups, and SCI specific return to work or leisure programs, is recommended as an essential component of rehabilitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie R Cimino
- Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Sander L Hitzig
- Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,St. John's Rehab Research Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Occupational Science & Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine,, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - B Catharine Craven
- Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Neural Engineering & Therapeutics Team, Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada.,Division of Physiatry, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | | | - Joyce Li
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Sara J T Guilcher
- Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,MAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada
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21
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Pagan R. Gender and Age Differences in Loneliness: Evidence for People without and with Disabilities. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E9176. [PMID: 33302577 PMCID: PMC7763056 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17249176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study examines the relationships between loneliness, gender, and age for people without and with disabilities (moderate versus severe) in Germany. Using data taken from the German Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) for the years 2013 and 2017 and using the UCLA (University of California, Los Angeles) Loneliness Scale, in general we found that males report lower loneliness scores as compared to those for females. Furthermore, we found a strong association between loneliness and the individual's age, but with differences according to gender and disability status. For example, for males with severe disabilities levels of loneliness decrease with age, whereas for females with severe disabilities the opposite result is found. In addition, we found that participation in leisure activities and having a higher frequency of contacts with family, friends, and social online networks (measured by the relational time index) contribute to reducing loneliness for all individuals. From a public policy perspective, it is necessary to undertake the design, promotion, and implementation of instrumental, emotional, and social support measures for people with disabilities (in particular for females that are severely limited in their daily activities), which can contribute to reducing their loneliness scores and increasing their levels of life satisfaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Pagan
- Department of Applied Economics, University of Malaga, 29071 Malaga, Spain
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22
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Pagan R. Examining transitions in loneliness for people without and with moderate and severe disabilities. Disabil Rehabil 2020; 44:2733-2743. [PMID: 33142076 DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2020.1842519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate how disability affects the levels of loneliness reported by people living in Germany. In particular, we are interested in analysing the transitions into and out of loneliness but incorporating a dynamic approach of disability (i.e., disability trajectories). METHOD Drawing data from the German Socio-Economic Panel for the years 2013 and 2017 and using a three-item version of the UCLA Loneliness Scale, we construct a balance panel of individuals and estimate linear regression models on loneliness, and probit models to predict the likelihood to become lonely or exit from loneliness. RESULTS We find a positive association between disability and loneliness (especially for those people who are severely limited). The frequency of contacts with family, friends, etc., the number of close friends and the participation in volunteering, sports, cultural and religious events reduce loneliness. Furthermore, we find that those individuals making the transition into a moderate/severe disability and also those recovering totally from a severe disability are more likely to become lonely in 2017. CONCLUSIONS From a public health policy perspective, it is necessary to undertake the design and implementation of instrumental, emotional and social support for people with disabilities. A higher engagement in social activities (e.g., social gatherings, cultural and leisure activities) and the elimination of barriers (e.g., structural and environmental) may become key elements to preventing loneliness.IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATIONLoneliness has become an important social problem in most countries with a significant impact on individuals' health status (mental and physical).Loneliness strongly affects individuals who experience important levels of discrimination and social exclusion (e.g., people with disabilities).Transitions of disabilities and loneliness must be taken into account to investigate the relative position of people with disabilities (especially those with severe disabilities).People with severe disabilities report the highest levels of loneliness, especially if this disability status remains over time.Rehabilitation professionals must promote social relations and support among people with disabilities and help them exit from permanent loneliness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Pagan
- Applied Economics Department, University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain
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23
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How Is the Presence of Company Related to Thwarted Belongingness in Real Time? Taking a Closer Look at the Conceptualization of the Construct of the Interpersonal Theory of Suicide. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17134873. [PMID: 32640690 PMCID: PMC7369847 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17134873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
(1) Background: The role of thwarted belongingness (TB) in predicting suicidal ideation, as originally assumed by the Interpersonal Theory of Suicide, is repeatedly challenged by empirical findings. This could be due to an inadequate conceptualization of the construct of TB that is assumed to be influenced by intrapersonal and interpersonal factors. (2) Methods: We examined the associations of TB with intrapersonal variables related to depression, and with interpersonal variables related to an individual’s actual social environment. We analyzed data from an ecological momentary assessment study in psychiatric inpatients with depressive disorders. N = 73 participants rated momentary TB, depressive affect and status of company up to 10 times per day, over a period of six days, on smartphones. (3) Results: TB was lower when assessed while participants were in company compared to when they were alone, and the more desired the company was, the less TB was experienced. Individuals who had a partnership experienced less momentary TB. Furthermore, higher levels of momentary depressive affect, as well as more stable levels of depression, were related to higher levels of TB, and the relation between the presence of company and TB was weaker for more depressed persons. (4) Conclusions: Our findings can be seen as evidence that both intrapersonal and interpersonal factors relate to TB, and thus support the conceptualization of TB as proposed by the Interpersonal Theory of Suicide.
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24
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Conti A, Clari M, Kangasniemi M, Martin B, Borraccino A, Campagna S. What self-care behaviours are essential for people with spinal cord injury? A systematic review and meta-synthesis. Disabil Rehabil 2020; 44:991-1006. [PMID: 32602384 DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2020.1783703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: To systematically identify, evaluate, and synthesise the qualitative literature on the self-care behaviours, skills, and strategies performed by individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI).Review methods: The Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) meta-aggregation method was followed. The search was conducted on five databases and limited to papers published from January 2000 to March 2020. Two independent reviewers screened, extracted the data from, and assessed the methodological quality of selected papers using the JBI qualitative assessment and critical appraisal instrument.Results: Eleven qualitative papers were included. Three synthesised findings with a moderate level of confidence emerged from 90 findings: people with SCI perform self-directed or directed-by-other behaviours focused on their physical condition (i); and on their social life (ii); people with SCI perform self-directed behaviours focused on their emotional well-being (iii). Individuals with SCI are aware of their condition and incorporate self-care behaviours into their routine to maintain health and prevent complications.Conclusion: This meta-synthesis provides evidence on the self-care behaviours performed by people with SCI to prevent, control, and manage the physical, emotional, and social effects of their condition. These findings may help healthcare providers to understand the self-care process in SCI survivors and tailor educational programmes to their experiences.IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATIONSCI survivors are directly responsible for their health and must reach their maximum level of independence by acquiring self-care behaviours and adjusting them over time.Self-care behaviours must be incorporated into SCI survivors' daily routine to maintain their condition, promote their social participation, and prevent complications.Caregiver contributions to self-care should be given more value, as these are fundamental to maintain SCI survivors' well-being and social participation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Conti
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Marco Clari
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Mari Kangasniemi
- Department of Nursing Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Barbara Martin
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Alberto Borraccino
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Sara Campagna
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
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