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Jiang D, Yang C, Wang X, Ma X, He Z, Wang L, Song L. The involvement of AMP-activated protein kinase α in regulating glycolysis in Yesso scallop Patinopecten yessoensis under high temperature stress. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2023; 140:108998. [PMID: 37586601 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.108998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
AMP-activated protein kinase α subunit (AMPKα), the central regulatory molecule of energy metabolism, plays an important role in maintaining energy homeostasis and helping cells to resist the influence of various adverse factors. In the present study, an AMPKα was identified from Yesso scallop Patinopecten yessoensis (PyAMPKα). The open reading frame (ORF) of PyAMPKα was of 1599 bp encoding a putative polypeptide of 533 amino acid residues with a typical KD domain, a α-AID domain and a α-CTD domain. The deduced amino acid sequence of PyAMPKα shared 59.89-74.78% identities with AMPKαs from other species. The mRNA transcripts of PyAMPKα were found to be expressed in haemocytes and all the examined tissues, including gill, mantle, gonad, adductor muscle and hepatopancreas, with the highest expression level in adductor muscle. PyAMPKα was mainly located in cytoplasm of scallop haemocytes. At 3 h after high temperature stress treatment (25 °C), the mRNA transcripts of PyAMPKα, the phosphorylation level of PyAMPKα at Thr170 and the lactic acid (LD) content in adductor muscle all increased significantly, while the glycogen content decreased significantly. The activity of pyruvate kinase (PyPK) and the relative mRNA expression level of phosphofructokinase (PyPFK) were significantly up-regulated at 3 h after high temperature stress treatment (25 °C). Furthermore, the PyAMPKα activator AICAR could effectively upregulate the phosphorylation level of PyAMPKα, and increase activities of PyPFK and pyruvate kinase (PyPK). Meanwhile the glycogen content also declined under AICAR treatment. These results collectively suggested that PyAMPKα was involved in the high temperature stress response of scallops by enhancing glycolysis pathway of glycogen. These results would be helpful for understanding the functions of PyAMPKα in maintaining energy homeostasis under high temperature stress in scallops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongli Jiang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology & Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Dalian Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Chuanyan Yang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology & Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Dalian Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China.
| | - Xiangbo Wang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology & Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Dalian Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Xiaoxue Ma
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology & Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Dalian Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Zhaoyu He
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology & Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Dalian Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Lingling Wang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology & Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Dalian Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Linsheng Song
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology & Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Southern Laboratory of Ocean Science and Engineering (Guangdong, Zhuhai), Zhuhai, 519000, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Dalian Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China.
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Abstract
As an environmental stress factor, ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation directly affects the growth and development of Myzus persicae (Sulzer) (Homoptera: Aphididae). How M. persicae responds to UV-B stress and the molecular mechanisms underlying this adaptation remain unknown. Here, we analyzed transcriptome data for M. persicae following exposure to UV-B radiation for 30 min. We identified 758 significant differentially expressed genes (DEGs) following exposure to UV-B stress, including 423 upregulated and 335 downregulated genes. In addition, enrichment analysis using the Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes databases illustrated that these DEGs are associated with antioxidation and detoxification, metabolic and protein turnover, immune response, and stress signal transduction. Simultaneously, these DEGs are closely related to the adaptability to UV-B stress. Our research can raise awareness of the mechanisms of insect responses to UV-B stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Li Yang
- Institute of Entomology, Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Pest Management of the Mountainous Region, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jian-Yu Meng
- Guizhou Tobacco Science Research Institute, Guiyang, Guizhou 550081, People’s Republic of China
| | - Meng-Shuang Yao
- Institute of Entomology, Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Pest Management of the Mountainous Region, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chang-Yu Zhang
- Institute of Entomology, Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Pest Management of the Mountainous Region, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, People’s Republic of China
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Chen B, Chu TW, Chiu K, Hong MC, Wu TM, Ma JW, Liang CM, Wang WK. Transcriptomic analysis elucidates the molecular processes associated with hydrogen peroxide-induced diapause termination in Artemia-encysted embryos. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0247160. [PMID: 33606769 PMCID: PMC7894940 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0247160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Treatment with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) raises the hatching rate through the development and diapause termination of Artemia cysts. To comprehend the upstream genetic regulation of diapause termination activated by exterior H2O2 elements, an Illumina RNA-seq analysis was performed to recognize and assess comparative transcript amounts to explore the genetic regulation of H2O2 in starting the diapause termination of cysts in Artemia salina. We examined three groupings treated with no H2O2 (control), 180 μM H2O2 (low) and 1800 μM H2O2 (high). The results showed a total of 114,057 unigenes were identified, 41.22% of which were functionally annotated in at least one particular database. When compared to control group, 34 and 98 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were upregulated in 180 μM and 1800 μM H2O2 treatments, respectively. On the other hand, 162 and 30 DEGs were downregulated in the 180 μM and 1800 μM H2O2 treatments, respectively. Cluster analysis of DEGs demonstrated significant patterns among these types of 3 groups. GO and KEGG enrichment analysis showed the DEGs involved in the regulation of blood coagulation (GO: 0030193; GO: 0050818), regulation of wound healing (GO:0061041), regulation of hemostasis (GO: 1900046), antigen processing and presentation (KO04612), the Hippo signaling pathway (KO04391), as well as the MAPK signaling pathway (KO04010). This research helped to define the diapause-related transcriptomes of Artemia cysts using RNA-seq technology, which might fill up a gap in the prevailing body of knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bonien Chen
- Department and Graduate Institute of Aquaculture, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Tah-Wei Chu
- Department and Graduate Institute of Aquaculture, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Kuohsun Chiu
- Department and Graduate Institute of Aquaculture, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Oceanography, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chang Hong
- Department and Graduate Institute of Aquaculture, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Meng Wu
- Department of Aquaculture, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Jui-Wen Ma
- Department and Graduate Institute of Aquaculture, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ming Liang
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Science, Feng Chia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Kuang Wang
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Science, Feng Chia University, Taichung, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
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Mirzoyeva NY, Anufriieva EV, Shadrin NV. The Effect of Gamma Radiation on Parthenogenetic Artemia (Branchiopoda, Anostraca) Cysts: Nauplius Hatching and Postnauplial Survival under Varying Salinity. BIOL BULL+ 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s1062359019100212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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He Z, Mao F, Lin Y, Li J, Zhang X, Zhang Y, Xiang Z, Noor Z, Zhang Y, Yu Z. Molecular characteristics of AMPK and its role in regulating the phagocytosis of oyster hemocytes. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2019; 93:416-427. [PMID: 31374314 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.07.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Revised: 07/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Phagocytosis is one of the fundamental cellular immune defense parameter that helps in the elimination of the invading pathogens in both vertebrates and invertebrates, which require plenty of energy for functioning. In the present study, we identified the critical energy regulator AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in Crassostrea hongkongensis which is composed of three subunits, named ChAMPK-α, ChAMPK-β, and ChAMPK-γ, and then analyzed the function of AMPK in regulating hemocyte phagocytosis. All the three ChAMPK subunits mRNA were detected to be expressed at various embryological stages, and also constitutively expressed in multiple tissues with high expression in gill and mantle. The phylogenetic tree showed that the three subunits of AMPK were correspondingly clustered with its orthologue branches. Furthermore Western Blot analysis revealed that the AMPK pharmacological inhibitors Compound C could effectively down-regulate the Thr172 phosphorylation level of AMPK-α, and the hemocyte phagocytosis was inhibited by Compound C (CC), which indicate its existence in the oyster. Our results showed that treatment of AMPK inhibitors significantly attenuated the capacity of hemocytes phagocytosis. Moreover, Compound C could also change the organization of actin cytoskeleton in the oyster hemocytes, demonstrating the crucial role of AMPK signaling in control of phagocytosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiying He
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, Institution of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Science, Guangzhou, 510301, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Fan Mao
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, Institution of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Science, Guangzhou, 510301, China
| | - Yue Lin
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, Institution of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Science, Guangzhou, 510301, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jun Li
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, Institution of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Science, Guangzhou, 510301, China
| | - Xiangyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, Institution of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Science, Guangzhou, 510301, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yuehuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, Institution of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Science, Guangzhou, 510301, China
| | - Zhiming Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, Institution of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Science, Guangzhou, 510301, China
| | - Zohaib Noor
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, Institution of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Science, Guangzhou, 510301, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, Institution of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Science, Guangzhou, 510301, China.
| | - Ziniu Yu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, Institution of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Science, Guangzhou, 510301, China.
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Xu C, Li XF, Shi HJ, Liu J, Zhang L, Liu WB. AMP-activated protein kinase α1 in Megalobrama amblycephala: Molecular characterization and the transcriptional modulation by nutrient restriction and glucose and insulin loadings. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2018; 267:66-75. [PMID: 29852163 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2018.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Revised: 05/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to characterize the full-length cDNA of AMP-activated protein kinase α1 (AMPKα1) from Megalobrama amblycephala and investigate the transcriptional response of this kinase to nutrient restriction and glucose and insulin loadings. The cDNA obtained was 3545-bp long with an open reading frame of 1710 bp encoding 570 amino acids. Multiple alignments and phylogenetic analyses revealed a high degree of conservation (80-100%) among most fish, retaining one kinase domain (KD), one auto-inhibitory domain (AID), one C-terminal domain (α-CTD), one regulatory-subunit-interacting motif (α-RIM), one serine/threonine-rich loop (ST loop), one α-hook, and several phosphorylation sites. AMPKα1 mRNA was predominantly expressed in white muscle, gill, and brain tissues, whereas little was expressed in the intestines. After a fasting-refeeding trial, phosphorylation and mRNA levels of AMPKα1 were significantly greater in fish fasted for 10 days, while in re-fed fish at 1 h after re-feeding, the levels of this kinase were intermediate between those of the fish in the fed and fasted groups. Further, AMPKα1 mRNA levels were quantified in the liver and muscle tissues of fish injected intraperitoneally with 1.67 g glucose per kg body weight and 0.052 mg insulin per kg body weight, respectively. Glucose and insulin administration resulted in a significant decrease in AMPKα1 expression in both tissues with minimum values attained at 2 h and 4 h after injection, respectively. Thereafter, the expression increased significantly to the basal value at 24 h after injection, except in the liver in which the maximum value was obtained at 12 h post-glucose injection. Overall, AMPKα1 of M. amblycephala was similar to that of other vertebrates, and nutrient restriction modified its phosphorylation and mRNA levels in liver and muscle tissues. Furthermore, substantial expression of this kinase was induced in both liver and muscle tissues by glucose and insulin administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed Science of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, No. 1 Weigang Road, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang-Fei Li
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed Science of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, No. 1 Weigang Road, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua-Juan Shi
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed Science of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, No. 1 Weigang Road, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Liu
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed Science of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, No. 1 Weigang Road, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed Science of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, No. 1 Weigang Road, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Bin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed Science of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, No. 1 Weigang Road, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China.
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Sun S, Gu Z, Fu H, Zhu J, Ge X, Wu X. Hypoxia Induces Changes in AMP-Activated Protein Kinase Activity and Energy Metabolism in Muscle Tissue of the Oriental River Prawn Macrobrachium nipponense. Front Physiol 2018; 9:751. [PMID: 29962970 PMCID: PMC6011032 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia has important effects on biological activity in crustaceans, and modulation of energy metabolism is a crucial aspect of crustaceans’ ability to respond to hypoxia. The adenosine 5′-monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK) enzyme is very important in cellular energy homeostasis; however, little information is known about the role of AMPK in the response of prawns to acute hypoxia. In the present study, three subunits of AMPK were cloned from the oriental river prawn, Macrobrachium nipponense. The full-length cDNAs of the α, β, and γ AMPK subunits were 1,837, 3,174, and 3,773 bp long, with open reading frames of 529, 289, and 961 amino acids, respectively. Primary amino acid sequence alignment of these three subunits revealed conserved similarity between the functional domains of the M. nipponense AMPK protein with AMPK proteins of other animals. The expression of the three AMPK subunits was higher in muscle tissue than in other tissues. Furthermore, the mRNA expression of AMPKα, AMPKβ, and AMPKγ were significantly up-regulated in M. nipponense muscle tissue after acute hypoxia. Probing with a phospho-AMPKα antibody revealed that AMPK is phosphorylated following hypoxia; this phosphorylation event was found to be essential for AMPK activation. Levels of glucose and lactic acid in hemolymph and muscle tissue were significantly changed over the course of hypoxia and recovery, indicating dynamic changes in energy metabolism in response to hypoxic stress. The activation of AMPK by hypoxic stress in M. nipponense was compared to levels of muscular AMP, ADP, and ATP, as determined by HPLC; it was found that activation of AMPK may not completely correlate with AMP:ATP ratios in prawns under hypoxic conditions. These findings confirm that the α, β, and γ subunits of the prawn AMPK protein are regulated at the transcriptional and protein levels during hypoxic stress to facilitate maintenance of energy homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengming Sun
- Key Laboratory of Genetic Breeding and Aquaculture Biology of Freshwater Fishes, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Centre, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, China
| | - Zhongbao Gu
- Guangxi Academy of Fishery Sciences, Nanning, China
| | - Hongtuo Fu
- Key Laboratory of Genetic Breeding and Aquaculture Biology of Freshwater Fishes, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Centre, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, China
| | - Jian Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Genetic Breeding and Aquaculture Biology of Freshwater Fishes, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Centre, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, China
| | - Xianping Ge
- Key Laboratory of Genetic Breeding and Aquaculture Biology of Freshwater Fishes, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Centre, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, China
| | - Xugan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
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Yuan Y, Pan S. Parkin Mediates Mitophagy to Participate in Cardioprotection Induced by Late Exercise Preconditioning but Bnip3 Does Not. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2018; 71:303-16. [DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000000572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Kang SW, Patnaik BB, Park SY, Hwang HJ, Chung JM, Sang MK, Min HR, Park JE, Seong J, Jo YH, Noh MY, Lee JD, Jung KY, Park HS, Han YS, Lee JS, Lee YS. Transcriptome analysis of the threatened snail Ellobium chinense reveals candidate genes for adaptation and identifies SSRs for conservation genetics. Genes Genomics 2017; 40:333-347. [PMID: 29892840 DOI: 10.1007/s13258-017-0620-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Ellobium chinense (Pfeiffer, 1854) is a brackish pulmonate species that inhabits the bases of mangrove trees and is most commonly found in salt grass meadows. Threats to mangrove ecosystems due to habitat degradation and overexploitation have threatened the species with extinction. In South Korea, E. chinense has been assessed as vulnerable, but there are limited data on its population structure and distribution. The nucleotide and protein sequences for this species are not available in databases, which limits the understanding of adaptation-related traits. We sequenced an E. chinense cDNA library using the Illumina platform, and the subsequent bioinformatics analysis yielded 227,032 unigenes. Of these unigenes, 69,088 were annotated to matched protein and nucleotide sequences in databases, for an annotation rate of 30.42%. Among the predominant gene ontology terms, cellular and metabolic processes (under the biological process category), membrane and cell (under the cellular component category), and binding and catalytic activity (under the molecular function category) were noteworthy. In addition, 4850 unigenes were distributed to 15 Kyoto Encyclopaedia of Genes and Genomes based enrichment categories. Among the candidate genes related to adaptation, angiotensin I converting enzyme, adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide, and AMP-activated protein kinase were the most prominent. A total of 15,952 simple sequence repeats (SSRs) were identified in sequences of > 1 kb in length. The di- and trinucleotide repeat motifs were the most common. Among the repeat motif types, AG/CT, AC/GT, and AAC/GTT dominated. Our study provides the first comprehensive genomics dataset for E. chinense, which favors conservation programs for the restoration of the species and provides sufficient evidence for genetic variability among the wild populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se Won Kang
- Biological Resources Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 181, Ipsin-gil, Jungeup-si, Jeollabuk-do, 56212, South Korea
| | - Bharat Bhusan Patnaik
- Trident School of Biotech Sciences, Trident Academy of Creative Technology (TACT), Chandaka Industrial Estate, Chandrasekharpur, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751024, India
| | - So Young Park
- Nakdonggang National Institute of Biological Resources, Biodiversity Conservation and Climate Change Division, 137, Donam-2-gil, Sangju-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do, 37242, South Korea
| | - Hee-Ju Hwang
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, 22 Soonchunhyangro, Shinchang-myeon, Asan, Chungcheongnam-do, 31538, South Korea
| | - Jong Min Chung
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, 22 Soonchunhyangro, Shinchang-myeon, Asan, Chungcheongnam-do, 31538, South Korea
| | - Min Kyu Sang
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, 22 Soonchunhyangro, Shinchang-myeon, Asan, Chungcheongnam-do, 31538, South Korea
| | - Hye Rin Min
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, 22 Soonchunhyangro, Shinchang-myeon, Asan, Chungcheongnam-do, 31538, South Korea
| | - Jie Eun Park
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, 22 Soonchunhyangro, Shinchang-myeon, Asan, Chungcheongnam-do, 31538, South Korea
| | - Jiyeon Seong
- Genomic Informatics Center, Hankyong National University, 327 Chungang-ro, Anseong-si, Kyonggi-do, 17579, South Korea
| | - Yong Hun Jo
- Division of Plant Biotechnology, Institute of Environmentally-Friendly (IEFA), College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea
| | - Mi Young Noh
- Division of Plant Biotechnology, Institute of Environmentally-Friendly (IEFA), College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea
| | - Jong Dae Lee
- Department of Environmental Health Science, College of Natural Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, 22 Soonchunhyangro, Shinchang-myeon, Asan, Chungcheongnam-do, 31538, South Korea
| | - Ki Yoon Jung
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, 22 Soonchunhyangro, Shinchang-myeon, Asan, Chungcheongnam-do, 31538, South Korea
| | - Hong Seog Park
- Research Institute, GnC BIO Co., LTD., 621-6 Banseok-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34069, South Korea
| | - Yeon Soo Han
- Division of Plant Biotechnology, Institute of Environmentally-Friendly (IEFA), College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea
| | - Jun Sang Lee
- Institute of Environmental Research, Kangwon National University, 1 Kangwondaehak-gil, Chuncheon-si, Gangwon-do, 243341, South Korea
| | - Yong Seok Lee
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, 22 Soonchunhyangro, Shinchang-myeon, Asan, Chungcheongnam-do, 31538, South Korea.
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HUANG CHENCUI, YU KUN, HUANG HUIYANG, YE HAIHUI. Adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase from the mud crab, Scylla paramamosain: cDNA cloning and profiles under cold stress. J Genet 2016; 95:923-932. [DOI: 10.1007/s12041-016-0717-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Xu C, Li E, Xu Z, Wang S, Chen K, Wang X, Li T, Qin JG, Chen L. Molecular characterization and expression of AMP-activated protein kinase in response to low-salinity stress in the Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2016; 198:79-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2016.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Revised: 04/13/2016] [Accepted: 04/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Husmann G, Philipp EER, Abele D. Seasonal proliferation rates and the capacity to express genes involved in cell cycling and maintenance in response to seasonal and experimental food shortage in Laternula elliptica from King George Island. Mar Environ Res 2016; 118:57-68. [PMID: 27180267 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2016.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2016] [Revised: 04/23/2016] [Accepted: 05/01/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Melting of coastal glaciers at the West Antarctic Peninsula (WAP) causes shorter winter sea ice duration, intensified ice scouring, sediment erosion and surface freshening in summer, which alters coastal productivity and feeding conditions for the benthos. The soft shell clam Laternula elliptica is a fast growing and abundant filter feeder in coastal Antarctica and a key element for bentho-pelagic carbon recycling. Our aim was to assess the cellular growth and maintenance capacity of small and large clams during natural winter food shortage (seasonal sampling) and in response to experimental starvation exposure. We measured tissue specific proliferation rates, the expression of cell cycling genes, and the iron binding protein Le-ferritin in freshly collected specimens in spring (Nov 2008) and at the end of summer (March 2009). For the experimental approach, we focused on 14 cell cycling and metabolic genes using the same animal size groups. Mantle tissue of young bivalves was the only tissue showing accelerated proliferation in summer (1.7% of cells dividing per day in March) compared to 0.4% dividing cells in animals collected in November. In mantle, siphon and adductor muscle proliferation rates were higher in younger compared to older individuals. At transcript level, Le-cyclin D was upregulated in digestive gland of older animals collected in spring (Nov) compared to March indicating initiation of cell proliferation. Likewise, during experimental starvation Le-cyclin D expression increased in large clam digestive gland, whereas Le-cyclin D and the autophagic factor beclin1 decreased in digestive gland of smaller starved clams. The paper corroborates earlier findings of size and age dependent differences in the metabolic response and gene expression patterns in L. elliptica under energetic deprivation. Age structure of shallow water populations can potentially change due to differences in cellular response between young and old animals as environmental stress levels increase.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Husmann
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts University Kiel, Germany
| | - E E R Philipp
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts University Kiel, Germany
| | - D Abele
- Alfred-Wegener-Institute Helmholtz Center for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany.
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Guévélou E, Huvet A, Sussarellu R, Milan M, Guo X, Li L, Zhang G, Quillien V, Daniel JY, Quéré C, Boudry P, Corporeau C. Regulation of a truncated isoform of AMP-activated protein kinase α (AMPKα) in response to hypoxia in the muscle of Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas. J Comp Physiol B 2013; 183:597-611. [PMID: 23354411 DOI: 10.1007/s00360-013-0743-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2012] [Revised: 01/08/2013] [Accepted: 01/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
AMP-activated protein kinase α (AMPKα) is a key regulator of energy balance in many model species during hypoxia. In a marine bivalve, the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas, we analyzed the protein content of adductor muscle in response to hypoxia during 6 h. In both smooth and striated muscles, the amount of full-length AMP-activated protein kinase α (AMPKα) remained unchanged during hypoxia. However, hypoxia induced a rapid and muscle-specific response concerning truncated isoforms of AMPKα. In the smooth muscle, a truncated isoform of AMPKα was increased from 1 to 6 h of hypoxia, and was linked with accumulation of AKT kinase, a key enzyme of the insulin signaling pathway which controls intracellular glucose metabolism. In this muscle, aerobic metabolism was maintained over the 6 h of hypoxia, as mitochondrial citrate synthase activity remained constant. In contrast, in striated muscle, hypoxia did not induce any significant modification of neither truncated AMPKα nor AKT protein content, and citrate synthase activity was altered after 6 h of hypoxia. Together, our results demonstrate that hypoxia response is specific to muscle type in Pacific oyster, and that truncated AMPKα and AKT proteins might be involved in maintaining aerobic metabolism in smooth muscle. Such regulation might occur in vivo during tidal intervals that cause up to 6 h of hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Guévélou
- Ifremer, UMR 6539 LEMAR, Centre Bretagne Z.I. Pointe du Diable, 29280, Plouzané, France.
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14
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Zhang Q, Hou M, Li Q, Han L, Yuan Z, Tan J, Du B, Zou X, Hou L. Expression patterns of As-ClC gene of Artemia sinica in early development and under salinity stress. Mol Biol Rep 2013; 40:3655-64. [PMID: 23277400 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-012-2441-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2012] [Accepted: 12/18/2012] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
As-ClC (chloride channels protein from Artemia sinica), a member from the chloride channels protein family, is a α-helical membrane protein predicted to traverse the cell membrane 11 times. It is important for several physiological functions such as cell volume regulation, cell proliferation, growth and differentiation. In this paper, the complete cDNA sequence of As-CIC was cloned from A. sinica for the first time using RACE technology. The expression pattern and location of the As-CIC gene was investigated in different stages of the embryonic development by means of quantitative real-time PCR and in situ hybridization (ISH) assay. As-CLC was distributed throughout the whole body in cells of different embryonic development of A. sinica as shown by ISH. There was a low expression level of the As-ClC gene after 0 h and a higher expression level after 15 and 40 h when the embryo entered the next growth period and the environmental salinity changed. At adult stage, the As-ClC maintained a high expression level. The results of the real-time PCR assay showed an increasing trend of As-ClC transcripts with increasing salinity. The expression of As-ClC was higher in the control group (28) than in the experimental group except at a salinity of 200 PSU. It indicated that As-ClC functions as salinity-stress-related gene, probably participated in cell volume regulation and osmotic regulation during the early embryonic development of A. sinica.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaozhi Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116029, People's Republic of China
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15
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Chen MB, Shen WX, Yang Y, Wu XY, Gu JH, Lu PH. Activation of AMP-activated protein kinase is involved in vincristine-induced cell apoptosis in B16 melanoma cell. J Cell Physiol 2011; 226:1915-25. [PMID: 21506122 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.22522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The molecular basis for induction of apoptosis in melanoma cells by vincristine remains unknown. Here we tested the potential involvement of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in this process. We found for the first time that vincristine induces AMPK activation (AMPKα, Thr 172) and Acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC, Ser 79) (a downstream molecular target of AMPK) phosphorylation in cultured melanoma cells in vitro. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) dependent LKB1 activation serves as the upstream signal for AMPK activation. AMPK inhibitor (compound C) or AMPKα siRNA knockdown inhibits vincristine induced B16 melanoma cell apoptosis, while AMPK activator 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-β-riboside (AICAR) enhances it. AMPK activation is involved in vincristine induced p53 phosphorylation and stabilization, the latter is known to mediate melanoma cell apoptosis. Further, activation of AMPK by vincristine inhibits mTOR Complex 1 (mTORC1) in B16 melanoma cells, which serves as another important mechanism to induce melanoma cell apoptosis. Our study provides new insights into understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms of vincristine induced cancer cell death/apoptosis. We suggest that combining AMPK activator AICAR with vincristine may have potential to be used as a new therapeutic intervention against melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Bin Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Kunshan First People's Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Kunshan, Jiangsu Province, China
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16
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MacRae TH. Gene expression, metabolic regulation and stress tolerance during diapause. Cell Mol Life Sci 2010; 67:2405-24. [PMID: 20213274 PMCID: PMC11115916 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-010-0311-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2010] [Revised: 01/31/2010] [Accepted: 02/10/2010] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Diapause entails molecular, physiological and morphological remodeling of living animals, culminating in a dormant state characterized by enhanced stress tolerance. Molecular mechanisms driving diapause resemble those responsible for biochemical processes in proliferating cells and include transcriptional, post-transcriptional and post-translational processes. The results are directed gene expression, differential mRNA and protein accumulation and protein modifications, including those that occur in response to changes in cellular redox potential. Biochemical pathways switch, metabolic products change and energy production is adjusted. Changes to biosynthetic activities result for example in the synthesis of molecular chaperones, late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins and protective coverings, all contributing to stress tolerance. The purpose of this review is to consider regulatory and mechanistic strategies that are potentially key to metabolic control and stress tolerance during diapause, while remembering that organisms undergoing diapause are as diverse as the processes itself. Some of the parameters described have well-established roles in diapause, whereas the evidence for others is cursory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas H MacRae
- Department of Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada.
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Liu YL, Zhao Y, Dai ZM, Chen HM, Yang WJ. Formation of diapause cyst shell in brine shrimp, Artemia parthenogenetica, and its resistance role in environmental stresses. J Biol Chem 2009; 284:16931-16938. [PMID: 19395704 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m109.004051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Artemia has attracted much attention for its ability to produce encysted embryos wrapped in a protective shell when subject to extremely harsh environmental conditions. However, what the cyst shell is synthesized from and how the formative process is performed remains, as yet, largely unknown. Over 20 oviparous specifically expressed genes were identified through screening the subtracted cDNA library enriched between oviparous and ovoviviparous Artemia ovisacs. Among them, a shell gland-specifically expressed gene (SGEG) has been found to be involved in the cyst shell formation. Lacking SGEG protein (by RNA interference) caused the cyst shell to become translucent and the chorion layer of the shell to become less compact and pultaceous and to show a marked decrease of iron composition within the shell. The RNA interference induced defective diapause cysts with a totally compromised resistibility to UV irradiation, extremely large temperature differences, osmotic pressure, dryness, and organic solvent stresses. In contrast, the natural cyst would provide adequate protection from all such factors. SGEG contains a 345-bp open reading frame, and its consequentially translated peptide consists of a 33-amino acid residue putative signal peptide and an 81-amino acid residue mature peptide. The results of Northern blotting and in situ hybridization indicate that the gene is specifically expressed in the cells of shell glands during the period of diapause cyst formation of oviparous Artemia. This investigation adds strong insight into the mechanism of cyst shell formation of Artemia and may be applicable to other areas of research in extremophile biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Lei Liu
- From the Institute of Cell Biology and Genetics, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Yang Zhao
- From the Institute of Cell Biology and Genetics, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Zhong-Min Dai
- From the Institute of Cell Biology and Genetics, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Han-Min Chen
- Equipment and Technology Service Platform, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Wei-Jun Yang
- From the Institute of Cell Biology and Genetics, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China; State Conservation Center for Gene Resources of Wildlife and the Key Laboratory of Conservation Genetics and Reproductive Biology for Wild Animals of the Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China.
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Zhu XJ, Dai JQ, Tan X, Zhao Y, Yang WJ. Activation of an AMP-activated protein kinase is involved in post-diapause development of Artemia franciscana encysted embryos. BMC Dev Biol 2009; 9:21. [PMID: 19284883 PMCID: PMC2667496 DOI: 10.1186/1471-213x-9-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2008] [Accepted: 03/16/2009] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Background Cysts of Artemia can remain in a dormant state for long periods with a very low metabolic rate, and only resume their development with the approach of favorable conditions. The post-diapause development is a very complicated process involving a variety of metabolic and biochemical events. However, the intrinsic mechanisms that regulate this process are unclear. Results Herein we report the specific activation of an AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in the post-diapause developmental process of Artemia. Using a phospho-AMPKα antibody, AMPK was shown to be phosphorylated in the post-diapause developmental process. Results of kinase assay analysis showed that this phosphorylation is essential for AMPK activation. Using whole-mount immunohistochemistry, phosphorylated AMPK was shown to be predominantly located in the ectoderm of the early developed embryos in a ring shape; however, the location and shape of the activation region changed as development proceeded. Additionally, Western blotting analysis on different portions of the cyst extracts showed that phosphorylated AMPKα localized to the nuclei and this location was not affected by intracellular pH. Confocal microscopy analysis of immunofluorescent stained cyst nuclei further showed that AMPKα localized to the nuclei when activated. Moreover, cellular AMP, ADP, and ATP levels in developing cysts were determined by HPLC, and the results showed that the activation of Artemia AMPK may not be associated with cellular AMP:ATP ratios, suggesting other pathways for regulation of Artemia AMPK activity. Conclusion Together, we report evidence demonstrating the activation of AMPK in Artemia developing cysts and present an argument for its role in the development-related gene expression and energy control in certain cells during post-diapause development of Artemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Jing Zhu
- Institute of Cell Biology and Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, PR China.
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Frederich M, O'Rourke MR, Furey NB, Jost JA. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in the rock crab, Cancer irroratus: an early indicator of temperature stress. J Exp Biol 2009; 212:722-30. [DOI: 10.1242/jeb.021998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
SUMMARY
Exposure of marine invertebrates to high temperatures leads to a switch from aerobic to anaerobic metabolism, a drop in the cellular ATP concentration([ATP]), and subsequent death. In mammals, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)is a major regulator of cellular [ATP] and activates ATP-producing pathways,while inhibiting ATP-consuming pathways. We hypothesized that temperature stress in marine invertebrates activates AMPK to provide adequate concentrations of ATP at increased but sublethal temperatures and that AMPK consequently can serve as a stress indicator (similar to heat shock proteins,HSPs). We tested these hypotheses through two experiments with the rock crab, Cancer irroratus. First, crabs were exposed to a progressive temperature increase (6°C h–1) from 12 to 30°C. AMPK activity, total AMPK protein and HSP70 levels, reaction time, heart rate and lactate accumulation were measured in hearts at 2°C increments. AMPK activity remained constant between 12 and 18°C, but increased up to 9.1(±1.5)-fold between 18 and 30°C. The crabs' reaction time also decreased above 18°C. By contrast, HSP70 (total and inducible) and total AMPK protein expression levels did not vary significantly over this temperature range. Second, crabs were exposed for up to 6 h to the sublethal temperature of 26°C. This prolonged exposure led to a constant elevation of AMPK activity and levels of HSP70 mRNA. AMPK mRNA continuously increased,indicating an additional response in gene expression. We conclude that AMPK is an earlier indicator of temperature stress in rock crabs than HSP70,especially during the initial response to high temperatures. We discuss the temperature-dependent increase in AMPK activity in the context of Shelford's law of tolerance. Specifically, we describe AMPK activity as a cellular marker that indicates a thermal threshold, called the pejus temperature, Tp. At Tp the animals leave their optimum range and enter a temperature range with a limited aerobic scope for exercise. This Tp is reached periodically during annual temperature fluctuations and has higher biological significance than earlier described critical temperatures, at which the animals switch to anaerobic metabolism and HSP expression is induced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Frederich
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of New England, Biddeford,MA 04005, USA
| | - Michaela R. O'Rourke
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of New England, Biddeford,MA 04005, USA
| | - Nathan B. Furey
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of New England, Biddeford,MA 04005, USA
| | - Jennifer A. Jost
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of New England, Biddeford,MA 04005, USA
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Cao C, Lu S, Jiang Q, Wang WJ, Song X, Kivlin R, Wallin B, Bagdasarian A, Tamakloe T, Chu WM, Marshall J, Kouttab N, Xu A, Wan Y. EGFR activation confers protections against UV-induced apoptosis in cultured mouse skin dendritic cells. Cell Signal 2008; 20:1830-8. [PMID: 18644433 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2008.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2008] [Accepted: 06/19/2008] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Ultraviolet radiation (UV) induces apoptosis and functional maturation in skin dendritic cells (DCs). However, the molecular mechanisms through which UV activates DCs have not been thoroughly investigated. In this study, we examined the mechanisms of activation and apoptosis of DCs after UV irradiation by focusing on epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). Our previous studies have demonstrated that in addition to cognate ligands, EGFR is also activated by UVB irradiation in cultured human skin keratinocytes in vitro and in human skin in vivo. We found for the first time in this study that UV also induces EGFR activation in cultured mouse skin DCs (XS 106 cell line) as well as mouse monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MoDCs). Pharmacological inhibition of EGFR tyrosine kinase significantly inhibits UV-induced ERK, p38, and JNK MAP kinases, and their effectors, transcription factors c-Fos and c-Jun. Inhibition of EGFR also suppresses UV-induced activation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR/S6K and NF-kappaB signal transduction pathways. Our data demonstrated that UV induces LKB1/AMPK pathway, also dependent on EGFR trans-activation. We further observed that MAPK, LKB1/AMPK, PI3K/AKT/mTOR/S6K as well as NF-kappaB activation are impaired in EGFR-/- cells compared to wide type MEF cells after UV radiation. Taken together, we conclude that UV induces multiple signaling pathways mediated by EGFR trans-activation leading to possible maturation, apoptosis and survival, and EGFR activation protects against UV-induced apoptosis in cultured mouse dendritic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Cao
- Department of Biology, Providence College, Providence, RI 02918, USA
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