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Kjeldgaard MK, Hewlett JA, Eubanks MD. Widespread variation in stable isotope trophic position estimates: patterns, causes, and potential consequences. ECOL MONOGR 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ecm.1451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jeremy A. Hewlett
- Department of Entomology Texas A&M University College Station Texas 77843 USA
| | - Micky D. Eubanks
- Department of Entomology Texas A&M University College Station Texas 77843 USA
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Hülsemann F, Lehn C, Schneider S, Jackson G, Hill S, Rossmann A, Scheid N, Dunn PJH, Flenker U, Schänzer W. Global spatial distributions of nitrogen and carbon stable isotope ratios of modern human hair. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2015; 29:2111-2121. [PMID: 26467223 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.7370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2015] [Revised: 08/20/2015] [Accepted: 08/20/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Natural stable carbon (δ(13)C) and nitrogen isotope ratios (δ(15)N) of humans are related to individual dietary habits and environmental and physiological factors. In forensic science the stable isotope ratios of human remains such as hair and nail are used for geographical allocation. Thus, knowledge of the global spatial distribution of human δ(13)C and δ(15)N values is an essential component in the interpretation of stable isotope analytical results. METHODS No substantial global datasets of human stable isotope ratios are currently available, although the amount of available (published) data has increased within recent years. We have herein summarised the published data on human global δ(13)C andδ(15)N values (around 3600 samples) and added experimental values of more than 400 additional worldwide human hair and nail samples. In order to summarise isotope ratios for hair and nail samples correction factors were determined. RESULTS The current available dataset of human stable isotope ratios is biased towards Europe and North America with only limited data for countries in Africa, Central and South America and Southeast Asia. The global spatial distribution of carbon isotopes is related to latitude and supports the fact that human δ(13)C values are dominated by the amount of C4 plants in the diet, either due to direct ingestion as plant food, or by its use as animal feed. In contrast, the global spatial distribution of human δ(15)N values is apparently not exclusively related to the amount of fish or meat ingested, but also to environmental factors that influence agricultural production. CONCLUSIONS There are still a large proportion of countries, especially in Africa, where there are no available data for human carbon and nitrogen isotope ratios. Although the interpretation of modern human carbon isotope ratios at the global scale is quite possible, and correlates with the latitude, the potential influences of extrinsic and/or intrinsic factors on human nitrogen isotope ratios have to be taken into consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Hülsemann
- Institute of Biochemistry, German Sport University Cologne, Am Sportpark Müngersdorf 6, 50933, Köln, Germany
| | - Christine Lehn
- Institute of Forensic Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Nußbaumstr. 26, 80336, München, Germany
| | - Sabine Schneider
- Forensic Science Institute, Federal Criminal Police Office, Unit Central Analytics II, Thaerstraße 11, 65193, Wiesbaden, Germany
| | - Glen Jackson
- Forensic and Investigative Science, C. Eugene Bennett Department of Chemistry, West Virginia University, 308 Oglebay Hall, Morgantown, WV, 26506-6121, USA
| | - Sarah Hill
- LGC, Queens Road, Teddington, TW11 0LY, UK
| | - Andreas Rossmann
- isolab GmbH, Laboratorium für Stabile Isotope, Woelkestrasse 9/I, 85301, Schweitenkirchen, Germany
| | - Nicole Scheid
- Forensic Science Institute, Federal Criminal Police Office, Unit Central Analytics II, Thaerstraße 11, 65193, Wiesbaden, Germany
| | | | - Ulrich Flenker
- Institute of Biochemistry, German Sport University Cologne, Am Sportpark Müngersdorf 6, 50933, Köln, Germany
| | - Wilhelm Schänzer
- Institute of Biochemistry, German Sport University Cologne, Am Sportpark Müngersdorf 6, 50933, Köln, Germany
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Crotty FV, Blackshaw RP, Adl SM, Inger R, Murray PJ. Divergence of feeding channels within the soil food web determined by ecosystem type. Ecol Evol 2013; 4:1-13. [PMID: 24455156 PMCID: PMC3894882 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2013] [Accepted: 11/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding trophic linkages within the soil food web (SFW) is hampered by its opacity, diversity, and limited niche adaptation. We need to expand our insight between the feeding guilds of fauna and not just count biodiversity. The soil fauna drive nutrient cycling and play a pivotal, but little understood role within both the carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycles that may be ecosystem dependent. Here, we define the structure of the SFW in two habitats (grassland and woodland) on the same soil type and test the hypothesis that land management would alter the SFW in these habitats. To do this, we census the community structure and use stable isotope analysis to establish the pathway of C and N through each trophic level within the ecosystems. Stable isotope ratios of C and N from all invertebrates were used as a proxy for trophic niche, and community-wide metrics were obtained. Our empirically derived C/N ratios differed from those previously reported, diverging from model predictions of global C and N cycling, which was unexpected. An assessment of the relative response of the different functional groups to the change from agricultural grassland to woodland was performed. This showed that abundance of herbivores, microbivores, and micropredators were stimulated, while omnivores and macropredators were inhibited in the grassland. Differences between stable isotope ratios and community-wide metrics, highlighted habitats with similar taxa had different SFWs, using different basal resources, either driven by root or litter derived resources. Overall, we conclude that plant type can act as a top-down driver of community functioning and that differing land management can impact on the whole SFW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felicity V Crotty
- Sustainable Soil and Grassland Systems, Rothamsted Research North Wyke, Okehampton, EX20 2SB, U.K ; Centre for Agricultural and Rural Sustainability, Plymouth University Drake Circus, Plymouth, PL4 8AA, U.K ; Department of Soil Science, University of Saskatchewan 51 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, S7N 5A8, Canada ; Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University Gogerddan, Aberystwyth, SY23 3EE, U.K
| | - Rod P Blackshaw
- Centre for Agricultural and Rural Sustainability, Plymouth University Drake Circus, Plymouth, PL4 8AA, U.K
| | - Sina M Adl
- Department of Soil Science, University of Saskatchewan 51 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, S7N 5A8, Canada
| | - Richard Inger
- Biosciences, Daphne du Maurier Building, University of Exeter Cornwall Campus, Penryn, TR10 9EZ, U.K
| | - Philip J Murray
- Sustainable Soil and Grassland Systems, Rothamsted Research North Wyke, Okehampton, EX20 2SB, U.K
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Jassey VEJ, Meyer C, Dupuy C, Bernard N, Mitchell EAD, Toussaint ML, Metian M, Chatelain AP, Gilbert D. To what extent do food preferences explain the trophic position of heterotrophic and mixotrophic microbial consumers in a Sphagnum peatland? MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2013; 66:571-580. [PMID: 23839799 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-013-0262-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2013] [Accepted: 06/21/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Although microorganisms are the primary drivers of biogeochemical cycles, the structure and functioning of microbial food webs are poorly studied. This is the case in Sphagnum peatlands, where microbial communities play a key role in the global carbon cycle. Here, we explored the structure of the microbial food web from a Sphagnum peatland by analyzing (1) the density and biomass of different microbial functional groups, (2) the natural stable isotope (δ(13)C and δ(15)N) signatures of key microbial consumers (testate amoebae), and (3) the digestive vacuole contents of Hyalosphenia papilio, the dominant testate amoeba species in our system. Our results showed that the feeding type of testate amoeba species (bacterivory, algivory, or both) translates into their trophic position as assessed by isotopic signatures. Our study further demonstrates, for H. papilio, the energetic benefits of mixotrophy when the density of its preferential prey is low. Overall, our results show that testate amoebae occupy different trophic levels within the microbial food web, depending on their feeding behavior, the density of their food resources, and their metabolism (i.e., mixotrophy vs. heterotrophy). Combined analyses of predation, community structure, and stable isotopes now allow the structure of microbial food webs to be more completely described, which should lead to improved models of microbial community function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent E J Jassey
- UMR CNRS/UFC 6249, Laboratoire Chrono-Environnement, Université de Franche-Comté, 25211, Montbéliard Cedex, France,
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Wada E, Ishii R, Aita MN, Ogawa NO, Kohzu A, Hyodo F, Yamada Y. Possible ideas on carbon and nitrogen trophic fractionation of food chains: a new aspect of food-chain stable isotope analysis in Lake Biwa, Lake Baikal, and the Mongolian grasslands. Ecol Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s11284-012-1024-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Jassey VE, Shimano S, Dupuy C, Toussaint ML, Gilbert D. Characterizing the Feeding Habits of the Testate Amoebae Hyalosphenia papilio and Nebela tincta along a Narrow “Fen-Bog” Gradient Using Digestive Vacuole Content and 13C and 15N Isotopic Analyses. Protist 2012; 163:451-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.protis.2011.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2011] [Accepted: 07/08/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Arsova B, Kierszniowska S, Schulze WX. The use of heavy nitrogen in quantitative proteomics experiments in plants. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2012; 17:102-12. [PMID: 22154826 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2011.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2011] [Revised: 10/28/2011] [Accepted: 11/04/2011] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
In the growing field of plant systems biology, there is an undisputed need for methods allowing accurate quantitation of proteins and metabolites. As autotrophic organisms, plants can easily metabolize different nitrogen isotopes, resulting in proteins and metabolites with distinct molecular mass that can be separated on a mass spectrometer. In comparative quantitative experiments, treated and untreated samples are differentially labeled by nitrogen isotopes and jointly processed, thereby minimizing sample-to-sample variation. In recent years, heavy nitrogen labeling has become a widely used strategy in quantitative proteomics and novel approaches have been developed for metabolite identification. Here, we present an overview of currently used experimental strategies in heavy nitrogen labeling in plants and provide background on the history and function of this quantitation technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Borjana Arsova
- Max Planck Institut für Molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Golm, Germany
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Linking aboveground and belowground food webs through carbon and nitrogen stable isotope analyses. Ecol Res 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s11284-010-0719-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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