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Yao L, Yan Y, Shu Y, Yang Y, Ce G, Wang J, Yin T, Cai L. Chemical constituents with chemotaxonomic value from Aconitum georgei Comber. BIOCHEM SYST ECOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2022.104474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Chang Y, Sun C, Wang C, Huo X, Zhao W, Ma X. Biogenetic and biomimetic synthesis of natural bisditerpenoids: hypothesis and practices. Nat Prod Rep 2022; 39:2030-2056. [PMID: 35983892 DOI: 10.1039/d2np00039c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Covering: up to March 2022Bisditerpenoids, or diterpenoid dimers, are a group of natural products with high structural variance, deriving from homo- or hetero-dimeric coupling of two diterpenoid units. They usually possess complex architectures resulting from the diversity of monomeric diterpenoids as building blocks and the dimerization processes. These compounds have attracted the attention of synthetic and biological scientists owing to the rarity of their natural origin and their significant biological activities. Herein, we provide a review highlighting some of the interesting bisditerpenoids reported since 1961 and showcase the chemical diversity in both their structures and biosynthesis, as well as their biological functions. This review focuses on the biosynthetic dimerization pathways of interesting molecules and their biomimetic synthesis, which may act as useful inspiration for the discovery and synthesis of more bisditerpenoids and further pharmacological investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yibo Chang
- College of Integrative Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China. .,Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116023, China.
| | - Chengpeng Sun
- College of Integrative Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China.
| | - Chao Wang
- College of Integrative Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China.
| | - Xiaokui Huo
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116023, China.
| | - Wenyu Zhao
- College of Integrative Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China.
| | - Xiaochi Ma
- College of Integrative Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China. .,Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116023, China.
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Wu JC, Yang L, Zhang YT, Huang S, Chen L, Zhou XL. Diterpenoid alkaloids from the Aconitum episcopale levl. And their chemotaxonomic significance. BIOCHEM SYST ECOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2022.104411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Liu XY, Ke BW, Qin Y, Wang FP. The diterpenoid alkaloids. THE ALKALOIDS. CHEMISTRY AND BIOLOGY 2022; 87:1-360. [PMID: 35168778 DOI: 10.1016/bs.alkal.2021.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The diterpenoid alkaloids are a family of extremely important natural products that have long been a research hotspot due to their myriad of intricate structures and diverse biological properties. This chapter systematically summarizes the past 11 years (2009-2019) of studies on the diterpenoid alkaloids, including the "so-called" atypical ones, covering the classification and biogenetic relationships, phytochemistry together with 444 new alkaloids covering 32 novel skeletons and the corrected structures, chemical reactions including conversion toward toxoids, synthetic studies, as well as biological activities. It should be noted that the synthetic studies, especially the total syntheses of various diterpenoid alkaloids, are for the first time reviewed in this treatise. This chapter, in combination with our four previous reviews in volumes 42, 59, 67, and 69, will present to the readers a more completed and updated profile of the diterpenoid alkaloids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yu Liu
- Department of Chemistry of Medicinal Natural Products, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bo-Wen Ke
- West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yong Qin
- Department of Chemistry of Medicinal Natural Products, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Feng-Peng Wang
- Department of Chemistry of Medicinal Natural Products, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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Shen Y, Liang WJ, Shi YN, Kennelly EJ, Zhao DK. Structural diversity, bioactivities, and biosynthesis of natural diterpenoid alkaloids. Nat Prod Rep 2021; 37:763-796. [PMID: 32129397 DOI: 10.1039/d0np00002g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Covering: 2009 to 2018. Diterpenoid alkaloids, originating from the amination of natural tetracyclic diterpenes, are a diverse class of compounds having complex structural features with many stereocenters. The important pharmacological activities and structural complexity of the diterpenoid alkaloids have long interested scientists due to their medicinal uses, infamous toxicity, and unique biosynthesis. Since 2009, 373 diterpenoid alkaloids, assigned to 46 skeletons, have been isolated and identified from plants mostly in the Ranunculaceae family. The names, classes, molecular weight, molecular formula, NMR data, and plant sources of these diterpene alkaloids are collated here. This review will be a detailed update of the naturally occurring diterpene alkaloids reported from the plant kingdom from 2009-2018, providing an in-depth discussion of their diversity, biological activities, pharmacokinetics, toxicity, application, evolution, and biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Shen
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, P. R. China and Biocontrol Engineering Research Center of Plant Disease and Pest, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650504, P. R. China. and Biocontrol Engineering Research Center of Crop Disease and Pest, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650504, P. R. China and School of Life Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650504, P. R. China and Kunming Kangren Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Kunming, 650203, P. R. China and Research & Development Center for Functional Products, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Juan Liang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, P. R. China
| | - Ya-Na Shi
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, P. R. China and Institute of Medicinal Plants, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, 650000, P. R. China
| | - Edward J Kennelly
- Department of Biological Sciences, Lehman College, City University of New York, Bronx, New York, 10468, USA. and Ph.D. Programs in Biochemistry, Biology, and Chemistry, The Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, 10016, USA
| | - Da-Ke Zhao
- Biocontrol Engineering Research Center of Plant Disease and Pest, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650504, P. R. China. and Biocontrol Engineering Research Center of Crop Disease and Pest, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650504, P. R. China and School of Life Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650504, P. R. China and Kunming Kangren Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Kunming, 650203, P. R. China
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Thawabteh AM, Thawabteh A, Lelario F, Bufo SA, Scrano L. Classification, Toxicity and Bioactivity of Natural Diterpenoid Alkaloids. Molecules 2021; 26:4103. [PMID: 34279443 PMCID: PMC8271992 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26134103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Diterpenoid alkaloids are natural compounds having complex structural features with many stereo-centres originating from the amination of natural tetracyclic diterpenes and produced primarily from plants in the Aconitum, Delphinium, Consolida genera. Corals, Xenia, Okinawan/Clavularia, Alcyonacea (soft corals) and marine sponges are rich sources of diterpenoids, despite the difficulty to access them and the lack of availability. Researchers have long been concerned with the potential beneficial or harmful effects of diterpenoid alkaloids due to their structural complexity, which accounts for their use as pharmaceuticals as well as their lousy reputation as toxic substances. Compounds belonging to this unique and fascinating family of natural products exhibit a broad spectrum of biological activities. Some of these compounds are on the list of clinical drugs, while others act as incredibly potent neurotoxins. Despite numerous attempts to prepare synthetic products, this review only introduces the natural diterpenoid alkaloids, describing 'compounds' structures and classifications and their toxicity and bioactivity. The purpose of the review is to highlight some existing relationships between the presence of substituents in the structure of such molecules and their recognised bioactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Mahmood Thawabteh
- Samih Darwazah Institute for Pharmaceutical Industries, Faculty of Pharmacy Nursing and Health Professions, Birzeit University, Bir Zeit 71939, Palestine
| | - Alà Thawabteh
- Medical Imaging Department, Faculty of Health Profession, Al-Quds University, Jerusalem 20002, Palestine
| | - Filomena Lelario
- Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - Sabino Aurelio Bufo
- Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy
- Department of Geography, Environmental Management & Energy Studies, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg 2092, South Africa
| | - Laura Scrano
- Department of European Cultures (DICEM), University of Basilicata, 75100 Matera, Italy
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Mi L, Li YC, Sun MR, Zhang PL, Li Y, Yang H. A systematic review of pharmacological activities, toxicological mechanisms and pharmacokinetic studies on Aconitum alkaloids. Chin J Nat Med 2021; 19:505-520. [PMID: 34247774 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(21)60050-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The tubers and roots of Aconitum (Ranunculaceae) are widely used as heart medicine or analgesic agents for the treatment of coronary heart disease, chronic heart failure, rheumatoid arthritis and neuropathic pain since ancient times. As a type of natural products mainly extracted from Aconitum plants, Aconitum alkaloids have complex chemical structures and exert remarkable biological activity, which are mainly responsible for significant effects of Aconitum plants. The present review is to summarize the progress of the pharmacological, toxicological, and pharmacokinetic studies of Aconitum alkaloids, so as to provide evidence for better clinical application. Research data concerning pharmacological, toxicological and pharmacokinetic studies of Aconitum alkaloids were collected from different scientific databases (PubMed, CNKI, Google Scholar, Baidu Scholar, and Web of Science) using the phrase Aconitum alkaloids, as well as generic synonyms. Aconitum alkaloids are both bioactive compounds and toxic ingredients in Aconitum plants. They produce a wide range of pharmacological activities, including protecting the cardiovascular system, nervous system, and immune system and anti-cancer effects. Notably, Aconitum alkaloids also exert strong cardiac toxicity, neurotoxicity and liver toxicity, which are supported by clinical studies. Finally, pharmacokinetic studies indicated that cytochrome P450 proteins (CYPs) and efflux transporters (ETs) are closely related to the low bioavailability of Aconitum alkaloids and play an important role in their metabolism and detoxification in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Mi
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yu-Chen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Meng-Ru Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Pei-Lin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Hua Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
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Chen LL, Lai CJS, Mao LY, Yin BW, Tian M, Jin BL, Wei XY, Chen JL, Ge H, Zhao X, Li WY, Guo J, Cui GH, Huang LQ. Chemical constituents in different parts of seven species of Aconitum based on UHPLC-Q-TOF/MS. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2020; 193:113713. [PMID: 33160222 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2020.113713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Aconitum L., the main source of Aconitum medicinal materials, is rich in diterpenoid alkaloids. Several drugs derived from diterpenoid alkaloids are widely used to the current clinical treatment of pain, inflammation, and other symptoms. This paper aims to clarify the main metabolites and distribution of diterpenoid alkaloids in different parts of Aconitum plants. To that end, 7 species of Aconitum from three subgenera were analyzed by UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS under identical conditions. The fragmentation regularity of various types of diterpene alkaloids were determined and a total of 126 metabolites were identified by comparing the reference material and secondary mass spectrometry, with the literature. 67, 49, 17, 41, 14, 17 and 21 metabolites were identified from Aconitum carmichaeli, Aconitum stylosum, Aconitum sinomontanum, Aconitum vilmorinianum, Aconitum pendulum, Aconitum tanguticum and Aconitum gymnandrum, respectively. Meanwhile, the structure type of A. carmichaeli, A. stylosum, A. vilmorinianum, A. pendulum, A. gymnandrum were identified as C19 type, A. sinomontanum was C18 type, while A. tanguticum was C20 type. A high similarity of metabolites was found between A. stylosum and A. vilmorinianum. The quantitative analysis of 19 compounds and the relative peak area of all metabolites which obtained through internal standard berberine, highlighted compounds like karakoline, talatisamine and atisine as references for future study of metabolic pathways. Furthermore, results from metabolites distribution and relative peak area analysis suggest that the leaf of A. carmichaeli, the leaf and stem of A. stylosum and A. vilmorinianum, and the flower of A. pendulum have potential as medicinal resources and are worth further development. These results establish a foundation for the comprehensive utilization of Aconitum resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Li Chen
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Chang-Jiang-Sheng Lai
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Liu-Ying Mao
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Bi-Wei Yin
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China; School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University,Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Mei Tian
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Bao-Long Jin
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Xu-Ya Wei
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Jin-Long Chen
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Hui Ge
- Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Wen-Yuan Li
- Medical College of Qinghai University, Tibetan Medicine Research Center,Xining,810001,China
| | - Juan Guo
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Guang-Hong Cui
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Lu-Qi Huang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.
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Huang S, Zhang JF, Chen L, Gao F, Zhou XL. Diterpenoid alkaloids from Aconitum anthoroideum that offer protection against MPP +-Induced apoptosis of SH-SY5Y cells and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2020; 178:112459. [PMID: 32888673 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2020.112459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Nine unprecedented diterpenoid alkaloid, including a diterpenoid alkaloid featuring a diterpenoid moiety, anthoroidine A; one bisditerpenoid alkaloid joined with a carbon-carbon single bond, anthoroidine B; three racemulosine-type C20-diterpenoid alkaloids, anthoroidines C-E; one hetidine-type C20-diterpenoid alkaloid, anthoroidine F; and three hetisine-type C20-diterpenoid alkaloids, anthoroidines G-I, together with ten known diterpenoid alkaloids were isolated from Aconitum anthoroideum DC. Their structures were established via detailed spectroscopic analyses. Most of the isolated compounds along with five known diterpenoid alkaloids obtained in a previous study were screened for neuroprotective activities and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory effects. Nominine showed potent protective activity against MPP+-induced apoptosis in SH-SY5Y cells, with a rescue rate of 34.4% (50 μM). Rotundifosine F showed a significant inhibitory activity against AChE (IC50 = 0.3 μM). The structure-activity relationship of these alkaloids is also briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Huang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Ji-Fa Zhang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Lin Chen
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Feng Gao
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Xian-Li Zhou
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, Sichuan, PR China.
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Shu Y, Wang JP, Cai XY, Li XL, Hu JT, Sun CT, Cai L, Ding ZT. Stylosines A and B, anti-inflammatory diterpenoid alkaloids from Aconitum stylosum. Tetrahedron 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2020.131520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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