Synthesis and molecular design of mono aspirinate thiourea-azo hybrid molecules as potential antibacterial agents

In vitro antimicrobial activities, molecular docking and density functional theory (DFT) evaluation of natural product-based vanillin derivatives featuring halogenated azo dyes

Chemical modification of active scaffolds from natural products has gained interest in pharmaceutical industries. Nevertheless, the metabolites extraction is time-consuming while the lead is frequently mismatched with the receptor. Here, the diazo coupling approach was introduced to generate a series of vanillin derivatives featuring halogenated azo dyes (1a-h). The vanillin derivatives showed effective inhibition of S. aureus (7-9 mm) and E. coli (7-8 mm) compared to the parent vanillin, while 1b had the highest inhibition zone (9 mm) against S. aureus comparable to the reference ampicillin. The presence of N = N, C = O, -OH, -OCH3 and halogens established strategic binding interactions with the receptor. The potential vanillin-azo as an antimicrobial drug was supported by in silico docking with penicillin-binding proteins and DFT (using Gaussian 09) with binding affinity -7.5 kcal/mol and energy gap (Egap) 3.77 eV, respectively. This study represents a significant advancement in drug discovery for effective antibiotics with excellent properties.

Recent trends in chemistry, structure, and various applications of 1-acyl-3-substituted thioureas: a detailed review

The interest in acyl thioureas has continually been escalating owing to their extensive applications in diverse fields, such as synthetic precursors of new heterocycles, pharmacological and materials science, and technology. These scaffolds exhibit a wide variety of biological activities such as antitumor, enzyme inhibitory, anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, and anti-malarial activities and find utilization as chemosensors, adhesives, flame retardants, thermal stabilizers, antioxidants, polymers and organocatalysts. In addition, the synthesis, and applications of coordination complexes of these ligands have also been overviewed. The current review is a continuation of our previous efforts in this area, focusing on the recent advancements during the period 2017 to present.

This review encapsulates the recently designed acyl thioureas, and their crystal structures, metal complexes and various applications from 2017 to present, including pharmacological aspects, chemosensing and heterogenous catalysis.