1
|
Marks LR, Schimmel-Bristow A, Harrell-Williams LM, Hargons C. Racial Discrimination and Risky Sex: Examining Cognitive-Emotional Factors in Black College Students. COUNSELING PSYCHOLOGIST 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/00110000221092662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Using the lifespan biopsychosocial model of cumulative vulnerability and minority health as a theroretical lens, the present study proposed two models to test the relationships among racial discrimination, cognitive–emotional factors, and risky sexual behaviors in a sample of 302 Black college students in the United States. Our models provided support for some of the hypothesized direct and indirect pathways. As expected, overt racial discrimination and subtle racial discrimination (i.e., racial microaggression) were both positively related to cognitive–emotional factors (i.e., anxiety, depression, hopelessness, and hostility). Racial microaggressions were significantly positively related to risky sexual behaviors, but overt racial discrimination was not. Hostility was the only cognitive–emotional factor that facilitated an indirect, significant effect from racial microaggressions to risky sexual behaviors. Potential implications are discussed for practice, training programs, and future counseling psychology research with Black college students using the lifespan biopsychosocial model of cumulative vulnerability and minority health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Reid Marks
- Florida State University, Department of Educational Psychology and Research, Combined Counseling and School Psychology Program, Tallahassee, FL, USA
- University of Memphis, Department of Counseling, Educational Psychology, and Research, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Allison Schimmel-Bristow
- University of Memphis, Department of Counseling, Educational Psychology, and Research, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Leigh M. Harrell-Williams
- University of Memphis, Department of Counseling, Educational Psychology, and Research, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Candice Hargons
- University of Kentucky, Department of Educational, School, and Counseling Psychology, Lexington, KY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Nathwani G, Shoaib A, Shafi A, Furukawa TA, Huy NT. Impact of COVID-2019 on school attendance problems. J Glob Health 2021; 11:03084. [PMID: 34386209 PMCID: PMC8325878 DOI: 10.7189/jogh.11.03084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Gina Nathwani
- American University of Caribbean School of Medicine, Cupecoy, Sint Maarten
| | - Adeel Shoaib
- American University of Caribbean School of Medicine, Cupecoy, Sint Maarten
| | - Alliya Shafi
- American University of Caribbean School of Medicine, Cupecoy, Sint Maarten
| | - Toshi A Furukawa
- Department of Health Promotion and Human Behavior, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, School of Public Health, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Nguyen Tien Huy
- School of Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nagasaki University, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Selitsky L, Markowitz N, Baxa DM, Kaljee L, Miree CA, Islam N, Burse C, Newaz R, Dankerlui D, Jacobsen G, Joseph C. Self-report of domestic violence and forced sex are related to sexual risk behaviors in a sample of juvenile detainees. HEALTH & JUSTICE 2020; 8:15. [PMID: 32577955 PMCID: PMC7313184 DOI: 10.1186/s40352-020-00116-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Justice-involved youth have higher rates of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), and a higher prevalence of the associated sexual risk behaviors. Sexual risk behaviors are also associated with alcohol and drug use. Research suggests that a history of trauma is an important predictor of alcohol and drug use in youth offenders, and therefore is a likely contributor to sexual risk behavior in this population. The objective of this analysis is to determine the association of trauma, specifically, domestic violence and forced sex, to six sexual risk behaviors and a history of chlamydia among detained youth. METHODS The analysis uses data from a convenience sample of detainees assenting to HIV testing conducted December 2016 - August 2017 using the state-certified Voluntary Counseling Testing and Referral (VCTR) process. RESULTS Of the 379 youth that received VCTR at the facility, 308 (81.3%) were used in this analysis. Report of domestic violence was significantly associated with sex under the influence of alcohol and was also significantly associated with sex under the influence of marijuana. Forced sex was associated with a sexual partner of unknown HIV status. CONCLUSIONS Traumatic experiences were related to sexual risk behaviors in this analysis, and substance use was strongly implicated in the association. Trauma is known to be a catalyst to sexual risk behaviors, substance use, and delinquency in adolescence. Results support the findings of other investigators and re-iterate the need for trauma-informed interventions that can improve the life trajectories of detained youth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lea Selitsky
- Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, USA
| | - Norman Markowitz
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Henry Ford Health System and School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, USA
| | - Dwayne M. Baxa
- William Beaumont School of Medicine, Oakland University, Rochester, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, USA
| | - Linda Kaljee
- Global Health Initiative, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, USA
| | - Cheryl A. Miree
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Henry Ford Health System, 1 Ford Place, Detroit, Michigan USA
| | - Nishat Islam
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Henry Ford Health System, 1 Ford Place, Detroit, Michigan USA
| | - Chez Burse
- Global Health Initiative, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, USA
| | - Rehnuma Newaz
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Henry Ford Health System, 1 Ford Place, Detroit, Michigan USA
| | - Doreen Dankerlui
- Global Health Initiative, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, USA
| | - Gordon Jacobsen
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Henry Ford Health System, 1 Ford Place, Detroit, Michigan USA
| | - Christine Joseph
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Henry Ford Health System, 1 Ford Place, Detroit, Michigan USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
van den Toren SJ, van Grieken A, Mulder WC, Vanneste YT, Lugtenberg M, de Kroon MLA, Tan SS, Raat H. School Absenteeism, Health-Related Quality of Life [HRQOL] and Happiness among Young Adults Aged 16-26 Years. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:E3321. [PMID: 31505862 PMCID: PMC6765871 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16183321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Revised: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This study examines the association between school absenteeism, health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and happiness among young adults aged 16-26 years attending vocational education. Cross-sectional data from a survey among 676 young adults were analyzed. School absenteeism was measured by the self-reported number of sick days in the past eight weeks and hours of truancy in the past four weeks. HRQOL was measured by the 12-item Short Form Health Survey; physical and mental component summary scores were calculated. General happiness was assessed on a scale of 0-10, higher scores indicating greater happiness. Linear regression analyses were performed. The study population had a mean age of 18.5 years (SD 2.2); 26.1% were boys. Young adults with ≥5 sick days or ≥6 h of truancy reported lower mental HRQOL compared to young adults without sickness absence or truancy (p < 0.05). Young adults with 1-4 and ≥5 sick days reported lower physical HRQOL compared to young adults who had not reported to be sick (p < 0.05). Young adults with 1-5 h and ≥6 h of truancy reported higher physical HRQOL compared to young adults who were not truant (p < 0.05). No associations were observed between school absence and happiness. Lower self-reported mental HRQOL was observed among young adults with more school absenteeism due to sickness or truancy. Sickness absence was additionally associated with lower physical HRQOL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne J van den Toren
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Amy van Grieken
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Wico C Mulder
- Dutch Center for Youth Health (NCJ), 3527 GV Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | | | - Marjolein Lugtenberg
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Marlou L A de Kroon
- Department of Health Sciences, University Medical Center Groningen, 9700 AB Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Siok Swan Tan
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Hein Raat
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Tolou-Shams M, Harrison A, Conrad SM, Johnson S, Brown LK. Challenges to conducting adolescent HIV prevention services research with court-involved youth. CHILDREN AND YOUTH SERVICES REVIEW 2017; 83:201-208. [PMID: 34276117 PMCID: PMC8281964 DOI: 10.1016/j.childyouth.2017.10.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Multiple assessment studies demonstrate that juvenile offenders are at increased risk for contracting HIV and other STIs relative to their non-offending counterparts. Such data are used to support the implementation of adolescent HIV prevention interventions within the juvenile justice system. Despite the compelling data related to high rates of unprotected sexual activity, pregnancy, STIs, substance use and psychiatric symptoms, there are very few empirically supported HIV prevention interventions for this adolescent subgroup. Using our experience conducting HIV prevention research studies with court-involved, non-incarcerated (CINI) youth we identify salient and unique challenges to consider when conducting HIV prevention intervention research with this population. Obstacles to consider include lack of "buy-in" and engagement from justice staff and families about the need for youth sexual health promotion and HIV prevention services and logistical barriers (time, transportation, space) related to conducting intervention research with a community-based sample of justice-involved youth. We consider these various challenges and provide recommendations for researchers on how to overcome barriers to continue to develop evidence-based HIV prevention services for communities of youth in need.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marina Tolou-Shams
- University of California, San Francisco, Department of Psychiatry, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, United States
- Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital Division of Infant, Child, and Adolescent Psychiatry, United States
| | - Anna Harrison
- University of California, San Francisco, Department of Psychiatry, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, United States
- Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital Division of Infant, Child, and Adolescent Psychiatry, United States
| | - Selby M. Conrad
- Rhode Island Hospital Department of Psychiatry, United States
- Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, United States
- Roger Williams University, Department of Psychology, United States
| | - Sarah Johnson
- Northeastern University, Department of Applied Psychology, United States
| | - Larry K. Brown
- Rhode Island Hospital Department of Psychiatry, United States
- Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, United States
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Merghati-Khoei ES, Rezaei Z, Shojaei-Zadeh D, Azadi NA, Rimaz S, Bayat A, Moayedi-Nia S, Omati S, Salimi F, Korte J, Killeen T, Mohraz M. Sexual Risk Behaviors and Condom Use Barriers in Iranian Men with Substance Use Disorders. ADDICTION & HEALTH 2017; 9:40-47. [PMID: 29026502 PMCID: PMC5628767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to investigate risky sexual behaviors (RSBs) and condom use barriers in Iranian men with substance use disorders (SUDs). METHODS Of the total 1800 outpatient drug free (ODF) and methadone maintenance treatment program (MMTP) active centers in Tehran, Iran, six were selected to participate in the current study. Data were collected (n = 300 men) using three questionnaires including a demographic questionnaire, the Risky Sexual Behavior Questionnaire (RSBQ), and the Condom Barriers Scale (CBS). The statistical software R, analysis of variance post hoc and multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) logistic regression tests were used in data analysis. FINDINGS The majority, (n = 194, 64.7%) reported at least one lifetime episode of RSBs. Compared to married participants (23.1%), 88.5% of single and 87.0% of divorced men had a history of RSB. Generally, the lowest and highest subscale scores of the CBS were related to sexual experience (2.60 ± 0.71) and access/availability structure (3.77 ± 0.54), respectively. The results of MANOVA analysis showed that there was a statistically significant difference between the CSB subscales based on the participants' education and marital status (P < 0.001). Only the partner barrier subscale had a significant negative relationship (P = 0.003) with RSB. CONCLUSION Sexual dynamic of Iranian men with SUDs is different. Barriers to condom use seem to be socio-culturally determined. Culturally acceptable strategies need to be utilized in Iranian clinical settings reaching beyond simply condom accessibility for this at risk population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Effat Sadat Merghati-Khoei
- Associate Professor, Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahed Rezaei
- MSc Student, Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Davood Shojaei-Zadeh
- Professor, Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nammam Ali Azadi
- Assistant Professor, Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahnaz Rimaz
- Associate Professor, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Bayat
- Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeedeh Moayedi-Nia
- Iranian Research Center for HIV/AIDS, Institute for Reduction of High-Risk Behaviors, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sanaz Omati
- Psychologist, Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farahnaz Salimi
- MSc Student, Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jeffrey Korte
- Associate Professor, Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Therese Killeen
- Associate Professor, Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Minoo Mohraz
- Associate Professor, Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,Correspondence to: Minoo Mohraz PhD,
| |
Collapse
|