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Sun Y, Long J, Chen W, Sun Y, Zhou L, Zhang L, Zeng H, Yuan D. Alisol B 23-acetate, a new promoter for cholesterol efflux from dendritic cells, alleviates dyslipidemia and inflammation in advanced atherosclerotic mice. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 99:107956. [PMID: 34284288 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) is characterized by dyslipidemia and chronic inflammation. In the high-fat environment, the lipid metabolism of dendritic cells (DCs) is abnormal, which leads to abnormal immune function, promotes the occurrence of immune inflammatory reactions, and promotes the development of AS. Alisol B 23-acetate (23B) is a triterpenoid in the rhizomes of Alisma, which is a traditional Chinese medicine. Here, we identified cholesterol metabolism-related targets of 23B through a virtual screen, and further transcriptome analysis revealed that 23B can change antigen presentation and cholesterol metabolism pathways in cholesterol-loaded DCs. In vitro experiments confirmed that 23B promoted cholesterol efflux from ApoE-/- DCs, reduced the expression of MHC II, CD80, and CD86, and inhibited the activation of CD4+ T cells and the production of inflammatory cytokines IL-12 and IFN-γ. In advanced AS mice, 23B can decrease triacylglycerol (TG) levels and increase high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) levels in plasma and the expression of cholesterol efflux genes in the aorta. Neither helper T cells 1 (Th1) nor regulatory T cells (Tregs) in peripheral blood changed significantly in the presence of 23B, but 23B reduced the levels of IL-12 and IFN-γ in serum. However, 23B did not change the total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) levels in serum or lipid accumulation in the aorta. Moreover, 23B did not increase the production of IL-10 and TGF-β1 in vivo or in vitro. These results indicate that 23B promotes cholesterol efflux from DCs, which can improve the immune inflammatory response and contribute to controlling the inflammatory status of AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Xianlin Dadao 138, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jun Long
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Xianlin Dadao 138, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Weikai Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Xianlin Dadao 138, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yunxia Sun
- Jiangsu Province Hospital of TCM, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Hanzhong Road 155, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Liyu Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Xianlin Dadao 138, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Linhui Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Xianlin Dadao 138, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Hongbo Zeng
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Xianlin Dadao 138, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Dongping Yuan
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Xianlin Dadao 138, Nanjing 210023, China.
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Liu Y, Xia XC, Meng LY, Wang Y, Li YM. Alisol B 23‑acetate inhibits the viability and induces apoptosis of non‑small cell lung cancer cells via PI3K/AKT/mTOR signal pathway. Mol Med Rep 2019; 20:1187-1195. [PMID: 31173235 PMCID: PMC6625381 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of alisol B 23‑acetate (AB23A) on inhibiting the viability and inducing apoptosis of human non‑small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells and the anticancer mechanisms of AB23A in vitro. The viability of A549 cells following treatment with different doses of AB23A was examined using a Cell Counting Kit‑8 assay. Subsequently, apoptosis and the cell cycle were detected using flow cytometric analysis. The effect of AB23A on migration and invasion of A549 cells was detected by wound healing and Transwell assays. Western blotting was performed to determine the relative expression of Bax/Bcl‑2, phosphatidylinositol 3‑kinase (PI3K), protein kinase B (AKT) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). AB23A markedly inhibited the viability enhanced apoptosis of A549 cells and arrested the cell cycle in G1 phase. Additionally, AB23A upregulated the ratio of Bax/Bcl‑2 in the A549 cells in a concentration‑dependent manner. The results of wound healing and Transwell assays indicated that AB23A also suppresses the migration and invasion ability of A549 cells. Furthermore, AB23A reduced the protein levels of phosphorylated AKT, PI3K and mTOR. In conclusion, AB23A exerted anti‑cancer activity via inhibiting cells viability, migration and invasion, and promoting apoptosis. Therefore, AB23A is a potential antitumor drug for the treatment of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Department of Medicine, Pingdingshan University, Pingdingshan, Henan 467000, P.R. China
| | - Xi-Chao Xia
- Department of Medicine, Pingdingshan University, Pingdingshan, Henan 467000, P.R. China
| | - Liu-Yang Meng
- Emergency Department, Pingdingshan Second People's Hospital, Pingdingshan, Henan 467000, P.R. China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Medicine, Pingdingshan University, Pingdingshan, Henan 467000, P.R. China
| | - Yue-Mei Li
- Department of Medicine, Pingdingshan University, Pingdingshan, Henan 467000, P.R. China
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Wu C, Jing M, Yang L, Jin L, Ding Y, Lu J, Cao Q, Jiang Y. Alisol A 24-acetate ameliorates nonalcoholic steatohepatitis by inhibiting oxidative stress and stimulating autophagy through the AMPK/mTOR pathway. Chem Biol Interact 2018; 291:111-119. [PMID: 29883724 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2018.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Revised: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Alisol A 24-acetate (AA), a natural triterpenoid isolated from the traditional Chinese medicine Rhizoma Alismatis, has various therapeutic effects. We investigated the anti-nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) effect of AA and its underlying mechanisms in vitro and in vivo. C57BL/6 mice were fed a methionine and choline-deficient (MCD) diet for 4 weeks to induce NASH. The mice were simultaneously treated with a daily dose of AA (15, 30, and 60 mg kg-1, ig) for 4 weeks. On the last day, the animals were sacrificed and plasma and liver tissue were collected. Serum and liver tissue biochemical analyses and histological observation were performed. The human hepatic stellate cell line LX-2 was used to build NASH models by culturing with conditioned medium from WRL-68 liver cells after exposure to MCD medium in vitro. Liver oxidative stress and inflammatory indices and autophagy markers were examined. The results showed that AA suppressed reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inflammation in a NASH mouse model and inhibited the expression of inflammatory cytokines and ROS in LX-2 cells in MCD medium. Furthermore, we found AA stimulated autophagy in mice liver and LX-2, which could be the underlying mechanism of AA in NASH. To further investigate the role of autophagy in LX-2 cells, we found that AA regulated autophagy via the AMPK/mTOR/ULK1 pathway and dorsomorphin, a selective AMPK inhibitor, led to the suppression of AA-induced autophagy. Taken together, our results indicate that AA could be a possible therapy for NASH by inhibiting oxidative stress and stimulating autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenqu Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Putuo Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 164 Lanxi Road, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Menghui Jing
- Department of Gastroenterology, Putuo Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 164 Lanxi Road, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Lijuan Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital/First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 100 HaiNing Road, Shanghai 200080, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Institute of Pancreatic Disease, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Jin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Putuo Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 164 Lanxi Road, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Yicun Ding
- Department of Gastroenterology, Putuo Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 164 Lanxi Road, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Juan Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Putuo Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 164 Lanxi Road, Shanghai 200062, China.
| | - Qin Cao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Putuo Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 164 Lanxi Road, Shanghai 200062, China.
| | - Yuanye Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Putuo Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 164 Lanxi Road, Shanghai 200062, China.
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Du H, Chen J, Tian S, Gu H, Li N, Sun Y, Ru J, Wang J. Extraction optimization, preliminary characterization and immunological activities in vitro of polysaccharides from Elaeagnus angustifolia L. pulp. Carbohydr Polym 2016; 151:348-357. [PMID: 27474576 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2016.05.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Revised: 03/24/2016] [Accepted: 05/20/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
In this research, extraction optimization, preliminary characterization and immunological activities in vitro of polysaccharides from Elaeagnus angustifolia L. pulp were investigated. A response surface methodology (RSM) with a Box-Behnken design (BBD) was used to optimize the extraction process. The maximum EAP yield was 9.82±0.38%, which is in good agreement with the predicted value (9.93±0.24%). Two homogeneous polysaccharides, EAP-1a and EAP-1b with molecular weights of 8.70kDa and 4.39kDa respectively, were prepared by DEAE-52 cellulose and Sephadex G-100 columns and characterized by HPLC, HPGPC, and FT-IR. Three polysaccharides (EAP, EAP-1a and EAP-1b) could stimulate macrophages to release NO and enhance phagocytic activities of RAW 264.7 cells in dose-dependent manner. Moreover, there was no significant difference between crude EAP group (400μg/mL) and positive control group (LPS) in effects on macrophages. The results implied that EAP had the potential to be developed as natural medicines or health foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongtao Du
- College of Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi Province, China; College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi Province, China.
| | - Juncheng Chen
- College of Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi Province, China.
| | - Shan Tian
- College of Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi Province, China.
| | - Hongling Gu
- College of Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi Province, China.
| | - Na Li
- College of Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi Province, China.
| | - Yao Sun
- College of Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi Province, China.
| | - Jiajia Ru
- College of Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi Province, China.
| | - Junru Wang
- College of Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi Province, China.
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Fan JP, Yu JX, Xu R, Zheng B, Xu XK, Zhang XH. Optimization of ultrasonic-assisted extraction of three main taxoids in the twigs of Taxus × media using multi-objective response surface methodology. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2016.1169424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jie-Ping Fan
- Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Ecology and Bio-Resource Utilization of Ministry of Education, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Resources, Environment and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jia-Xin Yu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Resources, Environment and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Rui Xu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Resources, Environment and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Bing Zheng
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Resources, Environment and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiao-Kang Xu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Resources, Environment and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xue-Hong Zhang
- School of Foreign Language, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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Zhao ZY, Zhang Q, Li YF, Dong LL, Liu SL. Optimization of ultrasound extraction of Alisma orientalis polysaccharides by response surface methodology and their antioxidant activities. Carbohydr Polym 2014; 119:101-9. [PMID: 25563949 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2014.11.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2014] [Revised: 10/20/2014] [Accepted: 11/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Rhizoma alismatis (the rhizome of Alisma orientalis) polysaccharides (RAP) have been reported to have a variety of important biological activities. However, effective extraction of RAP has been an unsolved issue. In this study, we used an ultrasound method for high yield extraction of RAP and optimized the conditions using the response surface methodology (RSM). Following multiple regression analyses of the experimental results, we applied the 3-D response surface and the contour plots to determine the optimal conditions, which were found to be ultrasound treatment at 76.1°C for 75.2 min, and water to material ratio at 30.1 ml/g. Under such conditions, the yield was 6.90% which was much higher than traditional hot water extraction yield (3.41%). The fractionated RAPs following stepwise ethanol precipitation showed strong antioxidant activities. The results indicated that ultrasound extraction was a very effective method for the extraction of RAP and the polysaccharides could be explored as a potential antioxidant agent for use in medicine or functional food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhan-Yi Zhao
- College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Harbin Medical University Library, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Ya-Fang Li
- College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Lu-Lu Dong
- College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China.
| | - Shu-Lin Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; Genomics Research Center, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China.
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Meng Q, Chen X, Wang C, Liu Q, Sun H, Sun P, Peng J, Liu K. Alisol B 23-acetate promotes liver regeneration in mice after partial hepatectomy via activating farnesoid X receptor. Biochem Pharmacol 2014; 92:289-98. [PMID: 25278094 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2014.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2014] [Revised: 09/03/2014] [Accepted: 09/08/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Liver resection has become a common treatment for liver tumors and hepatocellular carcinoma over the past decades. However, after surgery, the remnant livers in some patients fail to regenerate. Therefore, there is an urgent medical need to develop drugs that can promote liver regeneration. The purpose of the current study is to investigate the promotive effect of alisol B 23-acetate (AB23A) on liver regeneration in mice following partial hepatectomy (PH), and further elucidate the involvement of farnesoid X receptor (FXR) in the liver regeneration-promotive effect using in vivo and in vitro experiments. The results showed that AB23A dose-dependently promoted hepatocyte proliferation via upregulating hepatocyte proliferation-related protein forkhead box M1b (FoxM1b), Cyclin D1 and Cyclin B1 expression, and attenuated liver injury via an inhibition in Cyp7a1 and an induction in efflux transporters Bsep expression resulting in reduced hepatic bile acid levels. These changes in the genes, as well as accelerated liver regeneration in AB23A-treated mice were abrogated by FXR antagonist guggulsterone in vivo. In vitro evidences also directly showed the regulation of these genes by AB23A was abrogated when FXR was silenced. Luciferase reporter assay in HepG2 cells and molecular docking further demonstrated the effect of AB23A on FXR activation in vitro. In conclusions, AB23A produces promotive effect on liver regeneration, due to FXR-mediated regulation of genes involved in hepatocyte proliferation and hepato-protection. AB23A has the potential to be a novel therapeutic option for facilitating efficient liver regeneration in patients subjected to liver resection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Meng
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, 9 West Section, Lvshun South Road, Lvshunkou District, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Xinli Chen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, 9 West Section, Lvshun South Road, Lvshunkou District, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Changyuan Wang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, 9 West Section, Lvshun South Road, Lvshunkou District, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Qi Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, 9 West Section, Lvshun South Road, Lvshunkou District, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Huijun Sun
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, 9 West Section, Lvshun South Road, Lvshunkou District, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Pengyuan Sun
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, 9 West Section, Lvshun South Road, Lvshunkou District, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Jinyong Peng
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, 9 West Section, Lvshun South Road, Lvshunkou District, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Kexin Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, 9 West Section, Lvshun South Road, Lvshunkou District, Dalian 116044, China.
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Feng YL, Chen H, Tian T, Chen DQ, Zhao YY, Lin RC. Diuretic and anti-diuretic activities of the ethanol and aqueous extracts of Alismatis rhizoma. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2014; 154:386-390. [PMID: 24746479 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2014.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2013] [Revised: 02/24/2014] [Accepted: 04/07/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Alismatis rhizoma or Alisma orientale (Zexie in Chinese), the dried rhizome of Alisma orientale Juzepzuk (Alismataceae), is a well-known traditional Chinese medicine and is used as an agent for diuresis and for excreting dampness in Asia and Europe. In this paper, we report the diuretic activities of the ethanol extract (EE) and the aqueous extract (AE) of A. rhizoma (AR). MATERIALS AND METHODS The EE and AE were orally administered to rats. The urinary excretion rate and pH, and electrolyte excretion were measured in the urine of saline-loaded rats. RESULTS The results showed that EE could increase the urine output at 2.5, 5 and 10mg/kg doses but decrease the urine output at 20, 40 and 80mg/kg doses compared with the control group. The 5 and 10mg/kg doses of EE increased the urine electrolyte excretion, but the effects on Na(+)/K(+) values were too weak to reach statistical significance. The Na(+) excretion and Cl(-) excretion were markedly decreased with the 20, 40 and 80mg/kg doses of EE, but the effect on K(+) excretion was notably slight. All of the tested doses of AE produced an increase in urinary excretion, but the increase did not reach statistical significance. CONCLUSIONS This study identified that EE but not AE presents a notable diuretic effect, and EE had diuretic and anti-diuretic effects, which appears to be related to the sodium-chloride co-transporter in the renal distal convoluting tubule. This study demonstrated for the first time that the EE of AR has a dual effect on renal function, including promotion of diuretic activity at lower doses and inhibiting diuretic activity at higher doses, and the AR dose should be given more attention in clinical applications. This study will play a critical and guiding role in the dosing of AR as a diuretic drug in clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Long Feng
- The Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, the College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, No. 229 Taibai North Road,Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, PR China
| | - Hua Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, the College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, No. 229 Taibai North Road,Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, PR China
| | - Ting Tian
- The Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, the College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, No. 229 Taibai North Road,Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, PR China
| | - Dan-Qian Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, the College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, No. 229 Taibai North Road,Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, PR China
| | - Ying-Yong Zhao
- The Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, the College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, No. 229 Taibai North Road,Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, PR China.
| | - Rui-Chao Lin
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 11 North Third Ring Road, Beijing 100029, PR China.
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