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Abdullah Ramadhan I, Rahman Sulaiman L, Salihi A. NOS3 and CTH gene mutations as new molecular markers for detection of lung adenocarcinoma. PeerJ 2023; 11:e16209. [PMID: 38107574 PMCID: PMC10722981 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Gene mutations can contribute to lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) development, metastasis, and therapy. This study aims to identify mutations in the endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS or NOS3) and cystathionine γ-lyase (CSE or CTH) genes that are connected to LUAD symptoms. Two gene polymorphisms were identified using Sanger sequencing in 31 LUAD patients' formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression were examined in 110 LUAD patients using real-time polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry. Mutations in the selected genes were retrieved from the gnomAD database for all cancer types and the Mutagene and COSMIC databases for LUAD patients. The GeneMANIA prediction server was used to predict the interaction between the studied genes. Poorly and moderately differentiated tumours predominated, with pT3 N2 Mx being the most prevalent stage. Polymorphism data showed 189 NOS3 gene mutations and 34 CTH gene mutations. In 110 LUAD patients, 14 (12.73%) were PD-L1 positive and expressed 50% or more protein. Eight (7.27%) samples included EGFR mutations, including two deletions and two point mutations in exon 19, four point mutations in exon 21. In gnomAD, 4012 NOS3 mutations and 1214 CTH mutations are present. In the Mutagene and COSMIC databases, the NOS3 gene had 295 and 93 mutations, whereas the CTH gene had 61 and 36. According to the GeneMANIA prediction server, 10 genes are related to NOS3, eight with CTH, 15 with EGFR, and 5 with PD-L1. This study is the first to identify several previously unknown mutations in LUAD patients' NOS3 and CTH genes, with potential therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iman Abdullah Ramadhan
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Luqman Rahman Sulaiman
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Abbas Salihi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
- Center of Research and Strategic Studies, Lebanese French University, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
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Khudhur ZO, Othman G, Othman GO, Jafaar AM, Qadir MK, Awla HK, Qasim SS, Hadi SM, Khan SS, Noreen S, Smail SW. Lack of association between the eNOS rs1800779 (A/G) polymorphism and the myocardial infarction incidence among the Iraqi Kurdish population. J Taibah Univ Med Sci 2022; 18:162-169. [PMID: 36398012 PMCID: PMC9643558 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtumed.2022.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The genetic polymorphisms of the endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) gene are strongly associated with several cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) in various populations. The current study aimed to investigate the association of the eNOS rs1800779 (A/G) polymorphism with the progress of myocardial infarction (MI). Methods Eighty-five healthy subjects and 80 patients with MI admitted to the Erbil Cardiac Centre in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq were enrolled in the study. All participants were Kurdish from the same ethnic group. The amplification refractory mutation system polymerase chain reaction (ARMS-PCR) was used to determine the rs1800779 (A/G) polymorphism of eNOS, and the nitric oxide (NO) serum level was detected by spectrophotometer. Results The genotypic frequencies of the eNOS rs1800779 AA (wild type), AG, and GG were 58.75%, 33.75%, and 7.50%, respectively, in the MI patients, and 49.41%, 43.53%, and 7.06%, respectively, for the control group. The frequencies of the A and the G alleles were 75.6% and 24.4%, respectively, in the MI group, and 71.2% and 28.8%, respectively, in the control subjects. The results revealed a lack of association of the rs1800779 genotype distribution with the level of NO serum and increased risk of MI. Conclusion The study concluded that there is a lack of association between the genotypes and alleles of the rs1800779 eNOS and susceptibility to MI in the studied population.
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Karbasforush S, Nourazarian A, Darabi M, Rahbarghazi R, Khaki-Khatibi F, Biray Avci Ç, Salimi L, Goker Bagca B, Novin Bahador T, Rezabakhsh A, Khaksar M. Docosahexaenoic acid reversed atherosclerotic changes in human endothelial cells induced by palmitic acid in vitro. Cell Biochem Funct 2018; 36:203-211. [PMID: 29653462 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Revised: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Abnormal activity of atherosclerotic endothelial cells paving luminal surface of blood vessels has been described in many diseases. It has been reported that natural polyunsaturated fatty acids such as docosahexaenoic acid exert therapeutic effects in atherosclerotic condition. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells were treated with 1mM palmitic acid for 48 hours and exposed to 40μM docosahexaenoic acid for the next 24 hours. Real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis was used to measure the expression of PTX3, iNOS, and eNOS. The level of nitric oxide was detected by Griess reagent. The transcription level of genes participating in coagulation and blood pressure was studied by polymerase chain reaction array. Docosahexaenoic acid improved the survival rate by reducing apoptosis rate (P < .05). Compared with that of the group given palmitic acid, attenuation of proinflammatory status was indicated by reduced interleukin-6 (P < .05) and prostaglandin E2 levels. All genes PTX3, iNOS, and eNOS were down-regulated after being exposed to docosahexaenoic acid. Nitric oxide contents were not changed in cells exposed to docosahexaenoic acid. Polymerase chain reaction array confirmed the reduction of LPA, PDGFβ, ITGA2, SERPINE1, and FGA after exposure to docosahexaenoic acid for 24 hours (P < .05). Docosahexaenoic acid had potential to blunt atherosclerotic changes in the modulation of genes controlling blood coagulation, pressure, and platelet function. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY The current experiment showed that docosahexaenoic acid could reverse atherosclerotic changes in human endothelial cells induced by palmitic acid. The increased levels of interleukin-6 and prostaglandin E2 in atherosclerotic cells were returned to near-to-normal status. Gene expression analysis showed a reduced activity of genes participating in atherosclerotic endothelial cells treated by docosahexaenoic acid. The expression of genes related to cell clotting activity was also similar to that of normal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeede Karbasforush
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Alireza Nourazarian
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Masoud Darabi
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Reza Rahbarghazi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Çıgır Biray Avci
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Leila Salimi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Bakiye Goker Bagca
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Tanaz Novin Bahador
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Aysa Rezabakhsh
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Majid Khaksar
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Wei LK, Au A, Menon S, Gan SH, Griffiths LR. Clinical Relevance of MTHFR, eNOS, ACE, and ApoE Gene Polymorphisms and Serum Vitamin Profile among Malay Patients with Ischemic Stroke. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2015; 24:2017-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2015.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2015] [Accepted: 04/09/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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