1
|
Castro-Sánchez E. Overview of the Participation of Nurses in Antimicrobial Stewardship Activities. Clin Ther 2024:S0149-2918(24)00109-7. [PMID: 38825552 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2024.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance is a planetary threat demanding maximum attention from health and social care services worldwide due to the clinical, economic, and human costs. Interventions to address resistance-antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) programs-are multipronged and require the close collaboration of all health care workers involved in antimicrobial decisions and use. Nurses have traditionally been absent from such engagement. This Commentary highlights existing evidence of the need for, and impact of, nursing involvement and leadership in AMS. In addition, four barriers (ie, foundational, ownership, education, and leadership) to the increased involvement of nurses in AMS are discussed, with implications and potential solutions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Enrique Castro-Sánchez
- College of Business, Arts and Social Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, United Kingdom; National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare Associated Infection and Antimicrobial Resistance at Imperial College London, South Kensington, London, United Kingdom; Universitat de les Illes Balears, Palma, Illes Balears, Spain; Valencia International University, Valencia, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Antimicrobial Prescribing Confidence and Knowledge Regarding Drug Resistance: Perception of Medical Students in Malaysia and the Implications. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11050540. [PMID: 35625184 PMCID: PMC9137524 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11050540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Worldwide, microbes are becoming more challenging by acquiring virulent skills to adapt and develop antimicrobial resistance (AMR). This is a concern as AMR increases morbidity, mortality, and costs. Consequently, physicians need to be trained on appropriate antimicrobial prescribing, starting as medical students. Objective: To evaluate medical students’ confidence in antimicrobial prescribing and AMR. Methods: Cross-sectional study assessing medical students’ knowledge, perception, and confidence in prescribing antimicrobials and AMR in a Malaysian University. A universal sampling method was used. Results: Most responding students believed that educational input regarding overall prescribing was sufficient. Regarding the principle of appropriate and accurate prescriptions, female medical students had less knowledge (odds ratio (OR) = 0.51; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.25–0.99; p = 0.050). Year-IV and Year-V medical students had more excellent knowledge than Year-III students regarding confidence in potential antibiotic prescribing once qualified. Year-V students also showed an appreciably higher confidence in the broad principles of prescribing, including antibiotics for infectious diseases, compared to those in other years. Conclusion: Overall, medical students gain more knowledge and confidence regarding the potential prescribing of antimicrobials as their academic careers progress. This is important given concerns with the current excessive use of antimicrobials in Malaysia.
Collapse
|
3
|
Dhaliwal JS, Mohamad Yusra MAM, Muharram SH, Akkawi ME, Hussain Z, Rahman H, Kok YY, Dhaliwal SKS, Ming LC. Protocol for a three-phase prospective study to develop educational resource of antimicrobial resistance and stewardship for medical programme. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e049867. [PMID: 35228275 PMCID: PMC8886430 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-049867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is one of the critical medical issues of the 21st century. Medical professionals are the primary prescribers of antimicrobials; their undergraduate education of antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) is considered one of the fundamental approaches in combating the issue of AMR. This education level provides a platform to bridge any gaps in their knowledge and competency in AMS. This study aims to develop an educational resource on microbes, hygiene and prudent antimicrobial use for the undergraduate medical programme. The guideline produced will then be assimilated into the existing curriculum which will help to improve the quality of education which in turn will improve rationale as the use of antimicrobials in the future. METHODS AND ANALYSIS A three-step approach consensus approach will be adopted for this study for the development of a validated medical curriculum guideline on AMR. A preliminary curriculum for the programme will be drafted from reviews of published literature including syllabi as well as national and international guidelines. A total of 26 potential sources were found to be relevant, and selected for this study. Subsequently, the drafted curriculum will be subjected for validation via online surveys by various infectious disease experts. Finally, a Delphi technique will be employed to obtain consensus on heterogeneous findings to the revised curriculum. The quantitative and qualitative responses will be analysed and discussed among the panel of researchers. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION This study protocol has been approved by the Institute of Health Sciences Research Ethics Committee of Universiti Brunei Darussalam (Reference: UBD/PAPRSBIHSREC/2020/124). Informed consent declaration will be collected prior to data collections as indication of agreement of participation in the study. Results will be made available to medical educators and also researchers on AMR and stewardship. The results also will be disseminated at feedback sessions to officers at Ministry of Health and Ministry of Education, Brunei Darussalam.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jagjit Singh Dhaliwal
- Pengiran Anak Puteri Rashidah Sa'adatul Bolkiah Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Gadong, Brunei-Muara, Brunei Darussalam
| | - Muhammad Adi Marhain Mohamad Yusra
- Pengiran Anak Puteri Rashidah Sa'adatul Bolkiah Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Gadong, Brunei-Muara, Brunei Darussalam
| | - Siti Hanna Muharram
- Pengiran Anak Puteri Rashidah Sa'adatul Bolkiah Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Gadong, Brunei-Muara, Brunei Darussalam
| | - Muhammad Eid Akkawi
- Kulliyyah of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia - Kuantan Campus, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Zahid Hussain
- Pengiran Anak Puteri Rashidah Sa'adatul Bolkiah Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Gadong, Brunei-Muara, Brunei Darussalam
- Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Hanif Rahman
- Pengiran Anak Puteri Rashidah Sa'adatul Bolkiah Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Gadong, Brunei-Muara, Brunei Darussalam
| | - Yuh Yen Kok
- Pengiran Anak Puteri Rashidah Sa'adatul Bolkiah Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Gadong, Brunei-Muara, Brunei Darussalam
| | - Sachinjeet Kaur Sodhi Dhaliwal
- Pengiran Anak Puteri Rashidah Sa'adatul Bolkiah Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Gadong, Brunei-Muara, Brunei Darussalam
| | - Long Chiau Ming
- Pengiran Anak Puteri Rashidah Sa'adatul Bolkiah Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Gadong, Brunei-Muara, Brunei Darussalam
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Saha SK, Kong DCM, Mazza D, Thursky K. A systems thinking approach for antimicrobial stewardship in primary care. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther 2021; 20:819-827. [PMID: 34968161 DOI: 10.1080/14787210.2022.2023010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The establishment of antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) in primary care is central to substantially reduce the antimicrobial use and the associated risk of resistance. This perspective piece highlights the importance of systems thinking to set up and facilitate AMS programs in primary care. AREAS COVERED The challenges that primary care faces to incorporate AMS programmes is multifactorial: an implementation framework, relevant resources, team composition, and system structures remain under-researched, and these issues are often overlooked and/or neglected in most parts of the world. Progress in the field remains slow in developed countries but potentially limited in low- and middle-income countries. EXPERT OPINION The key AMS strategies to optimize antimicrobial use in primary care are increasingly known; however, health system components that impact effective implementation of AMS programs remain unclear. We highlight the importance of systems thinking to identify and understand the resource arrangements, system structures, dynamic system behaviors, and intra- and interprofessional connections to optimally design and implement AMS programs in primary care. An AMS systems thinking systemigram (i.e. a visual representation of overall architecture of a system) could be a useful tool to foster AMS implementation in primary care.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sajal K Saha
- Department of General Practice, The School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,National Centre for Antimicrobial Stewardship (NCAS), Department of Infectious Diseases, Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Global and Tropical Health Division, Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, Ellengowan Drive, Darwin, Australia
| | - David C M Kong
- National Centre for Antimicrobial Stewardship (NCAS), Department of Infectious Diseases, Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Centre for Medicine Use and Safety, Monash University, Victoria, Australia.,Pharmacy Department, Ballarat Health Services, Ballarat, Victoria, Australia
| | - Danielle Mazza
- Department of General Practice, The School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,National Centre for Antimicrobial Stewardship (NCAS), Department of Infectious Diseases, Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Karin Thursky
- National Centre for Antimicrobial Stewardship (NCAS), Department of Infectious Diseases, Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Sulaiman N, Rishmawy Y, Hussein A, Saber-Ayad M, Alzubaidi H, Al Kawas S, Hasan H, Guraya SY. A mixed methods approach to determine the climate of interprofessional education among medical and health sciences students. BMC MEDICAL EDUCATION 2021; 21:203. [PMID: 33836727 PMCID: PMC8035734 DOI: 10.1186/s12909-021-02645-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND High-quality patient care is a complex phenomenon that requires collaboration among healthcare professionals. Research has shown that Interprofessional Education (IPE) carries promise to improve collaborative work and patient care. So far, collaboration among various health professionals remains a challenge. Very few focus group discussions to determine the medical students' readiness and positive attitudes towards IPE have been reported from the Arabian context. METHODS A two-staged sequential mixed methods study was conducted among medical, dental, pharmacy, and health sciences students of the University of Sharjah United Arab Emirates. The perspectives of students toward IPE and collaborative practice were first gathered by administering a validated instrument, Readiness for Interprofessional Learning Scale (RIPLS). This was followed by focused group discussions. A quantitative as well as a qualitative data analysis was performed. RESULTS This study cohort included 282 students. All respondents showed readiness to adopt IPE as all statements of the RIPLS inventory scored high median scores. All participants showed positive attitudes and readiness towards IPE. Three main domains of themes were generated from focus group discussions; prior knowledge, need for IPE framework and its implementation. Information workload, lack of clarity and less focused teaching pedagogies of IPE were considered as perceived barriers. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated a substantial agreement of medical and health sciences students towards readiness and perceived effectiveness of IPE. Educators are urged to embed new IPE programs into existing curricular frameworks, which can potentially enhance collaborative learning and improve quality of patient care.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nabil Sulaiman
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Family & Community Medicine & Behavioral Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria Australia
| | - Youssef Rishmawy
- Department of Family & Community Medicine & Behavioral Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Amal Hussein
- Department of Family & Community Medicine & Behavioral Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Maha Saber-Ayad
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine & Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- College of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Hamzah Alzubaidi
- Pharmacy Practice & Pharmacotherapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sausan Al Kawas
- Department of Oral & Craniofacial Health Sciences, College of Dental Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hayder Hasan
- Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Salman Y. Guraya
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Sakeena MHF, Bennett AA, McLachlan AJ. Investigating knowledge regarding antibiotics and antimicrobial resistance among pharmacy students in Australian universities. JOURNAL OF PHARMACY PRACTICE AND RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/jppr.1687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M. H. F. Sakeena
- Sydney Pharmacy School The University of Sydney Sydney Australia
- Department of Pharmacy Faculty of Allied Health Sciences University of Peradeniya Peradeniya Sri Lanka
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
McMaster D, Courtenay M, Santucci C, Davies AP, Kirby A, Seddon O, Price DA, Barlow G, Lim FH, Davies BS, O'Shea MK, Collini P, Basarab M, Ahmad A, Albur M, Hemsley C, Brown NM, O'Gorman C, Rautemaa-Richardson R, Davies GR, Penfold CN, Patel S. Consensus-based antimicrobial resistance and stewardship competencies for UK undergraduate medical students. JAC Antimicrob Resist 2020; 2:dlaa096. [PMID: 34223048 PMCID: PMC8210211 DOI: 10.1093/jacamr/dlaa096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In the UK there is limited coverage of antimicrobial stewardship across postgraduate curricula and evidence that final year medical students have insufficient and inconsistent antimicrobial stewardship teaching. A national undergraduate curriculum for antimicrobial resistance and stewardship is required to standardize an adequate level of understanding for all future doctors. Objectives To provide a UK national consensus on competencies for antimicrobial resistance and stewardship for undergraduate medical education. Methods Using the modified Delphi method over two online survey rounds, an expert panel comprising leads for infection teaching from 25 UK medical schools reviewed competency descriptors for antimicrobial resistance and stewardship education. Results There was a response rate of 100% with all 28 experts who agreed to take part completing both survey rounds. Following the first-round survey, of the initial 55 descriptors, 43 reached consensus (78%). The second-round survey included the 12 descriptors from the first round in which agreement had not been reached, four amended descriptors and 12 new descriptors following qualitative feedback from the panel members. Following the second-round survey, a total of 58 consensus-based competency descriptors within six overarching domains were identified. Conclusions The consensus-based competency descriptors defined here can be used to inform standards, design curricula, develop assessment tools and direct UK undergraduate medical education.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David McMaster
- University of Nottingham School of Medicine, Nottingham, UK
| | - Molly Courtenay
- Cardiff University School of Healthcare Sciences, Cardiff, UK
| | | | | | - Andrew Kirby
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research, The University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Owen Seddon
- Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Public Health Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - David A Price
- Department of Infection and Tropical Medicine, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Gavin Barlow
- Experimental Medicine and Biomedicine, Hull York Medical School, University of York, York, UK
| | - Felicia H Lim
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK
| | - Bethany S Davies
- Department of Global Health and Infection, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Brighton, UK
| | - Matthew K O'Shea
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Paul Collini
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield Medical School, Sheffield, UK
| | - Marina Basarab
- Department of Infection, St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Afshan Ahmad
- Aston Medical School, Aston University, Birmingham, UK
| | | | - Carolyn Hemsley
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Nicholas M Brown
- Clinical Microbiology and Public Health Laboratory, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ciaran O'Gorman
- Centre for Medical Education, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Riina Rautemaa-Richardson
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Geraint R Davies
- Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | | | - Sanjay Patel
- Department of Paediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunology, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Sousa P, Martinho R, Reis CI, Dias SS, Gaspar PJS, Dixe MDA, Luis LS, Ferreira R. Controlled trial of an mHealth intervention to promote healthy behaviours in adolescence (TeenPower): Effectiveness analysis. J Adv Nurs 2019; 76:1057-1068. [PMID: 31880009 DOI: 10.1111/jan.14301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the effectiveness on lifestyle change of an mHealth intervention to promote healthy behaviours in adolescence (TeenPower) and to analyse the predictors of the mHealth intervention effectiveness. DESIGN This study is designed as a non-randomized controlled trial with a two-arm structure. METHODS Adolescents of 12-16-year old were recruited from three school districts, with access to the Internet and smartphone/tablet devices. The intervention group was invited to engage in the mHealth intervention (TeenPower) for 6 months in addition to a school-based intervention. The control group only followed the school-based intervention. A repeated measures factorial ANOVA was used and the main effectiveness outcome was the lifestyle change measured by the adolescent lifestyle profile. RESULTS The outcomes of the mHealth intervention (TeenPower) show a significant effect on nutrition (ƞ2 p = 0.03, p = .03), positive life perspective (ƞ2 p = 0.04, p = .01), and global lifestyle (ƞ2 p = 0.02, p = .05), with a dropout rate of 62.1%. The analysis of the effectiveness predictors of the mHealth intervention suggested that older adolescents tended to show a significant increase in the rates of stress management (r = .40; p < .05). CONCLUSIONS Although the considerable dropout rate, the mHealth intervention presented significant impact on multiple lifestyle domains, providing support for the effectiveness of mHealth interventions for health promotion as an add-on to standard interdisciplinary interventions. IMPACT Adolescents must have the necessary and appropriate knowledge for the correct and responsible decision-making regarding their health and lifestyle. Innovative strategies (mHealth intervention) were used to promote healthy behaviours. This study evaluates the effectiveness of an mHealth intervention (TeenPower) specifically designed for adolescents. We found a significant impact in several lifestyle domains such as health responsibility, nutrition, positive life perspective, and global lifestyle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Sousa
- Health Sciences Research Unit: Nursing (UICISA: E), Nursing School of Coimbra (ESEnfC), Coimbra, Portugal.,ciTechCare, Centre for Innovative Care and Health Technology, Polytechnic Institute of Leiria, Leiria, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Martinho
- School of Technology and Management, Polytechnic of Leiria, Leiria, Portugal.,Centre for Research in Health Technologies and Information Systems (CINTESIS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Catarina I Reis
- School of Technology and Management, Polytechnic of Leiria, Leiria, Portugal
| | - Sara S Dias
- ciTechCare, Centre for Innovative Care and Health Technology, Polytechnic Institute of Leiria, Leiria, Portugal.,School of Health Sciences, Polytechnic Institute of Leiria, Leiria, Portugal.,EpiDoC Unit - CEDOC, NOVA Medical School - Universidade Nova de Lisboa (NMS-UNL), Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Pedro J S Gaspar
- ciTechCare, Centre for Innovative Care and Health Technology, Polytechnic Institute of Leiria, Leiria, Portugal.,School of Health Sciences, Polytechnic Institute of Leiria, Leiria, Portugal
| | - Maria Dos Anjos Dixe
- ciTechCare, Centre for Innovative Care and Health Technology, Polytechnic Institute of Leiria, Leiria, Portugal.,School of Health Sciences, Polytechnic Institute of Leiria, Leiria, Portugal
| | - Luis S Luis
- ciTechCare, Centre for Innovative Care and Health Technology, Polytechnic Institute of Leiria, Leiria, Portugal.,School of Health Sciences, Polytechnic Institute of Leiria, Leiria, Portugal
| | - Regina Ferreira
- CIIS-UC, UI-IPSantarém, School of Health Sciences, Polytechnic Institute of Santarém, Santarém, Portugal.,UMIS-School of Health Sciences, Santarém, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Sakeena MHF, Bennett AA, McLachlan AJ. The Need to Strengthen the Role of the Pharmacist in Sri Lanka: Perspectives. PHARMACY 2019; 7:E54. [PMID: 31195755 PMCID: PMC6631506 DOI: 10.3390/pharmacy7020054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of the pharmacist in healthcare has evolved greatly over the last half-century, from dispensing to providing direct patient-oriented activities not associated with dispensing. However, pharmacist-led healthcare services in Sri Lanka must undergo reform to fully take advantage of their expertise and training in medicine management and related outcomes in Sri Lankan patients. As befits a profession's role development and value, professional and educational standards for pharmacists need ongoing development and growth. Currently, university curricula and continuing professional education in Sri Lanka require further development and optimisation to provide the theoretical and practical knowledge and skills regarding quality use of medicines and patient-oriented care. Furthermore, pharmacists' roles in Sri Lankan hospital and community pharmacist settings need to be recognised and should include the pharmacist as an integral part of the multidisciplinary healthcare team in Sri Lanka. Studies from developed countries and some developing countries have demonstrated that expanded pharmacists' roles have had a significant positive cost-effective impact on the population's health. Therefore, the availability of qualified Sri Lankan pharmacists trained to deliver expanded professional services accompanied by greater pharmacist integration into healthcare delivery is crucially important to ensure quality use of medicines within the Sri Lankan healthcare system and optimise the medication-related needs of Sri Lankans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M H F Sakeena
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya KY 20400, Sri Lanka.
- Sydney Pharmacy School, The University of Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia.
| | | | - Andrew J McLachlan
- Sydney Pharmacy School, The University of Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Sousa P, Duarte E, Ferreira R, Esperança A, Frontini R, Santos-Rocha R, Luís L, Dias SS, Marques N. An mHealth intervention programme to promote healthy behaviours and prevent adolescent obesity (TeenPower): A study protocol. J Adv Nurs 2019; 75:683-691. [DOI: 10.1111/jan.13905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Sousa
- School of Health Sciences; Polytechnic Institute of Leiria; Leiria Portugal
- Centre for Innovative Care and Health Technology; Polytechnic Institute of Leiria; Castelo Branco Portugal
| | - Emília Duarte
- School of Health Sciences Dr. Lopes Dias; Polytechnic Institute of Castelo Branco; Castelo Branco Portugal
| | - Regina Ferreira
- CIIS-UCP; UI-IPSantarém; School of Health Sciences; Polytechnic Institute of Santarém; Santarem Portugal
| | | | - Roberta Frontini
- Centre for Innovative Care and Health Technology; Polytechnic Institute of Leiria; Castelo Branco Portugal
| | - Rita Santos-Rocha
- Sport Sciences School of Rio Maior; Polytechnic Institute of Santarém; Santarem Portugal
- Neuromechanics of Human Movement Group; Interdisciplinary Centre for the Study of Human Performance; Faculty of Human Kinetics; University of Lisbon; Lisbon Portugal
| | - Luís Luís
- School of Health Sciences; Polytechnic Institute of Leiria; Leiria Portugal
- Centre for Innovative Care and Health Technology; Polytechnic Institute of Leiria; Castelo Branco Portugal
| | - Sara S. Dias
- School of Health Sciences; Polytechnic Institute of Leiria; Leiria Portugal
- Centre for Innovative Care and Health Technology; Polytechnic Institute of Leiria; Castelo Branco Portugal
- EpiDoC Unit; CEDOC; NOVA Medical School; Universidade Nova de Lisboa (NMS-UNL); Lisboa Portugal
| | - Nuno Marques
- Design and Arts Research Lab (LIDA); Observatory on Inclusion and Accessibility in Action (iACT) - CICS.NOVA.IPLeiria; Leiria Portugal
- School of Arts and Design (ESAD.CR); Polytechnic Institute of Leiria; Leiria Portugal
| |
Collapse
|